CN104540858A - 用于丁烯-1聚合的催化剂组分 - Google Patents
用于丁烯-1聚合的催化剂组分 Download PDFInfo
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- CN104540858A CN104540858A CN201380026497.8A CN201380026497A CN104540858A CN 104540858 A CN104540858 A CN 104540858A CN 201380026497 A CN201380026497 A CN 201380026497A CN 104540858 A CN104540858 A CN 104540858A
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- Prior art keywords
- ethyl
- polymerization
- electron donor
- alkyl
- benzoate
- Prior art date
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- VXNZUUAINFGPBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Butene Chemical compound CCC=C VXNZUUAINFGPBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000011949 solid catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 125000001183 hydrocarbyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- -1 alkylaluminum compound Chemical class 0.000 claims description 26
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 11
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 7
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane Chemical class [AlH3] AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002029 aromatic hydrocarbon group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 abstract 1
- 125000004177 diethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 24
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 13
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical group CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 229920001748 polybutylene Polymers 0.000 description 13
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 13
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium chloride Substances [Mg+2].[Cl-].[Cl-] TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 12
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 9
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 9
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 7
- 150000003609 titanium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910003074 TiCl4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 6
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical group CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910001629 magnesium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 235000011147 magnesium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920001083 polybutene Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 4
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000005690 diesters Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 4
- 150000003377 silicon compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 4
- FBSAITBEAPNWJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2-acetyloxyphenyl) acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1OC(C)=O FBSAITBEAPNWJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000000113 differential scanning calorimetry Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- RBQKGMZVELTTFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 2-(3-ethoxy-3-oxopropyl)benzoate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)CCC1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCC RBQKGMZVELTTFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000005498 phthalate group Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- CXWXQJXEFPUFDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetralin Chemical compound C1=CC=C2CCCCC2=C1 CXWXQJXEFPUFDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- MCULRUJILOGHCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triisobutylaluminium Chemical compound CC(C)C[Al](CC(C)C)CC(C)C MCULRUJILOGHCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 3
- RTNUFARDHKRTRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2-propanoyloxyphenyl) propanoate Chemical compound CCC(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1OC(=O)CC RTNUFARDHKRTRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RKMGAJGJIURJSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine Chemical compound CC1(C)CCCC(C)(C)N1 RKMGAJGJIURJSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UWNADWZGEHDQAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,5-dimethylhexane Chemical group CC(C)CCC(C)C UWNADWZGEHDQAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Heptane Chemical compound CCCCCCC IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 238000012662 bulk polymerization Methods 0.000 description 2
- MVPPADPHJFYWMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorobenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC=C1 MVPPADPHJFYWMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- GTHDFYARNWTZJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 2-[2-(2-ethoxy-2-oxoethyl)phenyl]acetate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)CC1=CC=CC=C1CC(=O)OCC GTHDFYARNWTZJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000008282 halocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000009616 inductively coupled plasma Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000000959 isobutyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- SNVLJLYUUXKWOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylidenecarbene Chemical group C=[C] SNVLJLYUUXKWOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012429 reaction media Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 2
- BFEGGNJXZABRTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2-acetyloxy-3,5-dimethylphenyl) acetate Chemical compound C(C)(=O)OC1=C(C(=CC(=C1)C)C)OC(C)=O BFEGGNJXZABRTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UPVHEMQZTSKJJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2-acetyloxy-3,5-ditert-butylphenyl) acetate Chemical compound C(C)(=O)OC1=C(C(=CC(=C1)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)OC(C)=O UPVHEMQZTSKJJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SQIKJFTVOYUNMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2-acetyloxy-4,5-dimethylphenyl) acetate Chemical compound C(C)(=O)OC1=C(C=C(C(=C1)C)C)OC(C)=O SQIKJFTVOYUNMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GJZLJBJUIBIUQV-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2-acetyloxy-4-butylphenyl) acetate Chemical compound CCCCC1=CC=C(OC(C)=O)C(OC(C)=O)=C1 GJZLJBJUIBIUQV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RMSWGPQKGMRESA-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2-acetyloxy-4-chlorophenyl) acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1OC(C)=O RMSWGPQKGMRESA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZOXATXRUISPBNC-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2-acetyloxy-4-ethylphenyl) acetate Chemical compound CCC1=CC=C(OC(C)=O)C(OC(C)=O)=C1 ZOXATXRUISPBNC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AOPKLCBVSXXATF-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2-acetyloxy-4-methylphenyl) acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC1=CC=C(C)C=C1OC(C)=O AOPKLCBVSXXATF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DOYAQCPJOMFNGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2-acetyloxy-4-propan-2-ylphenyl) acetate Chemical compound CC(C)c1ccc(OC(C)=O)c(OC(C)=O)c1 DOYAQCPJOMFNGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ASXCXYNHCRSLLJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2-acetyloxy-4-propylphenyl) acetate Chemical compound CCCC1=CC=C(OC(C)=O)C(OC(C)=O)=C1 ASXCXYNHCRSLLJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NBDHUKNVZPIOEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2-acetyloxy-4-tert-butylphenyl) acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC1=CC=C(C(C)(C)C)C=C1OC(C)=O NBDHUKNVZPIOEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GXNXZJMAFGKLQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2-benzoyloxy-5-tert-butyl-3-methylphenyl) benzoate Chemical group C=1C=CC=CC=1C(=O)OC=1C(C)=CC(C(C)(C)C)=CC=1OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 GXNXZJMAFGKLQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CNUNETLANGTFDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N (3-acetyloxynaphthalen-2-yl) acetate Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C=C(OC(C)=O)C(OC(=O)C)=CC2=C1 CNUNETLANGTFDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000006657 (C1-C10) hydrocarbyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000006527 (C1-C5) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- WSLDOOZREJYCGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-Dichloroethane Chemical compound ClCCCl WSLDOOZREJYCGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004343 1-phenylethyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- UVGKQRAGAYVWQV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-dimethylbutan-2-yl(trimethoxy)silane Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)C(C)(C)C(C)C UVGKQRAGAYVWQV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GDTSJMKGXGJFGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,7-dioxido-2,4,6,8,9-pentaoxa-1,3,5,7-tetraborabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane Chemical compound O1B([O-])OB2OB([O-])OB1O2 GDTSJMKGXGJFGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 0 CC(C)(*)C(*)(*)C(C)(C)c1c(*)c(*)c(*)c(*)c1*C(*)(C(C)(C)*)I Chemical compound CC(C)(*)C(*)(*)C(C)(C)c1c(*)c(*)c(*)c(*)c1*C(*)(C(C)(C)*)I 0.000 description 1
- HZWKDHBBHSIFPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N CCCC(C=C1)=CC(C(C)CC(C)C(C=C(CCC)C=C2)=C2C(O)=O)=C1C(O)=O Chemical group CCCC(C=C1)=CC(C(C)CC(C)C(C=C(CCC)C=C2)=C2C(O)=O)=C1C(O)=O HZWKDHBBHSIFPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 101100223811 Caenorhabditis elegans dsc-1 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000005481 NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006057 Non-nutritive feed additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910010062 TiCl3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002083 X-ray spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006653 Ziegler-Natta catalysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011954 Ziegler–Natta catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- BGYHLZZASRKEJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N [3-[3-(3,5-ditert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoyloxy]-2,2-bis[3-(3,5-ditert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoyloxymethyl]propyl] 3-(3,5-ditert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=CC(CCC(=O)OCC(COC(=O)CCC=2C=C(C(O)=C(C=2)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)(COC(=O)CCC=2C=C(C(O)=C(C=2)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)COC(=O)CCC=2C=C(C(O)=C(C=2)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)=C1 BGYHLZZASRKEJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RTQCAYKHUMWCEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Mg].ClO Chemical compound [Mg].ClO RTQCAYKHUMWCEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SELZTOJHBRTCNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;phthalic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O.CC(O)=O.OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O SELZTOJHBRTCNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000005234 alkyl aluminium group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000029936 alkylation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005804 alkylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- UDEWPOVQBGFNGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoic acid n-propyl ester Natural products CCCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 UDEWPOVQBGFNGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002902 bimodal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- TWPUGUHHZJAPQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl 2-(3-butoxy-3-oxopropyl)benzoate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)CCc1ccccc1C(=O)OCCCC TWPUGUHHZJAPQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- JWCYDYZLEAQGJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dicyclopentyl(dimethoxy)silane Chemical compound C1CCCC1[Si](OC)(OC)C1CCCC1 JWCYDYZLEAQGJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- VHPUZTHRFWIGAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethoxy-di(propan-2-yl)silane Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(C(C)C)C(C)C VHPUZTHRFWIGAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000118 dimethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 238000004993 emission spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000032050 esterification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005886 esterification reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000006266 etherification reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- FRLLYEZNQRZALB-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 2-(1-ethoxy-1-oxoheptan-3-yl)benzoate Chemical compound CCCCC(CC(=O)OCC)c1ccccc1C(=O)OCC FRLLYEZNQRZALB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QUTXCWPDAHWUTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 2-(1-ethoxy-1-oxopentan-3-yl)benzoate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)CC(CC)c1ccccc1C(=O)OCC QUTXCWPDAHWUTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KWCWQGPLOFUNNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 2-(1-ethoxy-4,4-dimethyl-1-oxopentan-3-yl)benzoate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)CC(c1ccccc1C(=O)OCC)C(C)(C)C KWCWQGPLOFUNNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZUTKFSGFQAYHKU-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 2-(1-ethoxy-4-methyl-1-oxopentan-3-yl)benzoate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)CC(C(C)C)c1ccccc1C(=O)OCC ZUTKFSGFQAYHKU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FSSPFFNKKHOMOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 2-(1-ethoxy-5-methyl-1-oxohexan-3-yl)benzoate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)CC(CC(C)C)c1ccccc1C(=O)OCC FSSPFFNKKHOMOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MDURACYNUOMXLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 2-(3-ethoxy-2-methyl-3-oxopropyl)benzoate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C(C)Cc1ccccc1C(=O)OCC MDURACYNUOMXLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YURFQNMFRGZELU-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 2-(3-ethoxy-3-oxo-1-phenylpropyl)benzoate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)CC(c1ccccc1)c1ccccc1C(=O)OCC YURFQNMFRGZELU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PCGUFTWEHCYMRN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 2-(3-ethoxy-3-oxopropyl)-4-methylbenzoate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)CCc1cc(C)ccc1C(=O)OCC PCGUFTWEHCYMRN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SJMKJIQRTVZSJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 2-(3-ethoxy-3-oxopropyl)-4-propan-2-ylbenzoate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)CCc1cc(ccc1C(=O)OCC)C(C)C SJMKJIQRTVZSJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VFQWBIABUIEKKU-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 2-(3-ethoxy-3-oxopropyl)-5-(2-methylpropyl)benzoate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)CCc1ccc(CC(C)C)cc1C(=O)OCC VFQWBIABUIEKKU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HWZMVBPUUCFFGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 2-(3-ethoxy-3-oxopropyl)-5-ethylbenzoate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)CCc1ccc(CC)cc1C(=O)OCC HWZMVBPUUCFFGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GPMBCUYIDOUACI-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 2-(3-ethoxy-3-oxopropyl)-5-methylbenzoate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)CCc1ccc(C)cc1C(=O)OCC GPMBCUYIDOUACI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MHFOZBBTPIAMSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 2-(4-ethoxy-4-oxobutan-2-yl)benzoate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)CC(C)c1ccccc1C(=O)OCC MHFOZBBTPIAMSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NFZSOJLMESIPCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 2-[1-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-3-ethoxy-3-oxopropyl]benzoate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)CC(c1ccc(Cl)c(Cl)c1)c1ccccc1C(=O)OCC NFZSOJLMESIPCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IYHCOUWWZLQCMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 2-[1-(3,4-dimethylphenyl)-3-ethoxy-3-oxopropyl]benzoate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)CC(c1ccc(C)c(C)c1)c1ccccc1C(=O)OCC IYHCOUWWZLQCMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XUGZFSHDYIPKOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 2-[2-(1-ethoxy-1-oxopropan-2-yl)phenyl]-3-methylbutanoate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C(C)c1ccccc1C(C(C)C)C(=O)OCC XUGZFSHDYIPKOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZUARNRKVQPHNNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 2-[2-(2-oxo-2-propoxyethyl)phenyl]acetate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)Cc1ccccc1CC(=O)OCC ZUARNRKVQPHNNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JWMNHAMYTBAUPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 3,3-dimethylbutanoate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)CC(C)(C)C JWMNHAMYTBAUPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RBFSNGQCQDQYPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 3-(3-ethoxy-3-oxopropyl)naphthalene-2-carboxylate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)CCc1cc2ccccc2cc1C(=O)OCC RBFSNGQCQDQYPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FPOIINHDMXYKAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 4-chloro-2-(3-ethoxy-3-oxopropyl)benzoate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)CCc1cc(Cl)ccc1C(=O)OCC FPOIINHDMXYKAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YHWCHQBKQWEFKT-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 5-chloro-2-(3-ethoxy-3-oxopropyl)benzoate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)CCc1ccc(Cl)cc1C(=O)OCC YHWCHQBKQWEFKT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010528 free radical solution polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- ICKZWRWFYFSNGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl 2-(3-methoxy-3-oxopropyl)benzoate Chemical compound COC(=O)CCC1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OC ICKZWRWFYFSNGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UQJJSOGPLFWORH-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl 2-[2-(2-oxo-2-propoxyethyl)phenyl]acetate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)Cc1ccccc1CC(=O)OC UQJJSOGPLFWORH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- XJDNKRIXUMDJCW-UHFFFAOYSA-J titanium tetrachloride Chemical compound Cl[Ti](Cl)(Cl)Cl XJDNKRIXUMDJCW-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- YONPGGFAJWQGJC-UHFFFAOYSA-K titanium(iii) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Ti](Cl)Cl YONPGGFAJWQGJC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 238000005809 transesterification reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- SQBBHCOIQXKPHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributylalumane Chemical compound CCCC[Al](CCCC)CCCC SQBBHCOIQXKPHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VOITXYVAKOUIBA-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylaluminium Chemical compound CC[Al](CC)CC VOITXYVAKOUIBA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- JAYPHJBLPAEMEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy(2-methylpentan-2-yl)silane Chemical group CCCC(C)(C)[Si](OC)(OC)OC JAYPHJBLPAEMEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004711 α-olefin Substances 0.000 description 1
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- C08F110/00—Homopolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond
- C08F110/04—Monomers containing three or four carbon atoms
- C08F110/08—Butenes
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- C08F4/52—Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors selected from light metals, zinc, cadmium, mercury, copper, silver, gold, boron, gallium, indium, thallium, rare earths or actinides selected from boron, aluminium, gallium, indium, thallium or rare earths
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- C08F4/60—Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors selected from light metals, zinc, cadmium, mercury, copper, silver, gold, boron, gallium, indium, thallium, rare earths or actinides together with refractory metals, iron group metals, platinum group metals, manganese, rhenium technetium or compounds thereof
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Abstract
在催化剂存在的条件下进行丁烯-1聚合的方法,该催化剂包括(a)固体催化剂组分,其包含Mg、Ti和以下化学式(I)中的电子供体化合物,其中R基团,彼此相同或不同,为C1-C15烃基,R1-R2基团,彼此相同或不同,为氢、卤素或C1-C15烃基,任选地含有选自卤素、P、S、N以及Si中的杂原子,n和m是0-3的整数,前提条件是它们中的至少一个不为0;(b)烷基铝助催化剂和(c)外部电子供体。
Description
本发明涉及一种使用用于烯烃(尤其是丙烯)聚合的特定齐格勒-纳塔催化剂组分制备具有高活性和立构规整度的聚丁烯-1的方法,包括负载Ti原子的基于二卤化镁的载体和从特定类中选出的至少一种电子供体。
聚丁烯-1(共)聚合物(PB-1)为本领域所公知的。鉴于它们在耐压性、抗蠕变性和冲击强度方面的良好性能,它们主要用于制造管,以用来替代金属管。通常,聚丁烯-1(共)聚合物可以在齐格勒-纳塔型催化剂存在的条件下由聚合丁烯-1制备而得。然而,并不是所有的ZN催化剂都能够产生具有活性、立体专一性、分子量和分子量分布方面的所需特征以使其能进行工业开发的聚丁烯-1。通常,适合PB-1工业生产的催化剂包括(A)固体组分,其含有Ti化合物和作为电子供体化合物负载在MgCl2上的邻苯二甲酸酯;(B)烷基铝化合物,和(C)选自烷基烷氧基硅烷的外部电子供体化合物。
例如,在EP-A-172961、WO99/45043和WO03/03/099883中公开了使用这类催化剂生产的聚丁烯-1。
然而,最近一些邻苯二甲酸酯的使用已经被认为涉及潜在毒性问题,因此,密集的研亢活动一直致力于寻找在聚合性能与聚合物产品质量方面均能替代邻苯二甲酸酯的其它类别供体。
因为ZN催化剂在丙烯聚合中的性能水平绝对无法预知在丁烯-1聚合中的性能水平,所以没有一个容易解决寻找PB-1生产中邻苯二甲酸酯合适的替代者的问题的方案。事实上,例如,在美国7,388,061和WO2010/078494公开的若干类二酯,已经证实它们可以在丙烯聚合中给出良好水平性能的可能性,然而令人吃惊地是,它们在丁烯-1聚合方面的水平性能与丙烯相比差很多,从而使得在丙烯聚合数据基础上的任何预测尝试都是徒劳的。因此,对于发现本发明的二酯类在生产高度全同立构PB-1中非常有效是非常意外的。在USP 4,725,656中以一般的方式提到该二酯类在PP生产中为有用的,然而却未报道任何具体实施例。另一方面USP 4,522,930,其并未概括地描述本发明的二酯类,报道了作为电子供体的催化剂的特定丙烯聚合测试,该催化剂包括本类别的一种成分即邻苯二乙酸二异丁脂。由于这种供体给出非常低的活性和立体定向性,所以丙烯聚合的结果不是特别好。
因此本发明的目的在于提供一种在催化剂存在的条件下进行丁烯-1聚合的方法,该催化剂包括
(a)固体催化剂成分,其包含Mg、Ti和以下化学式(I)中的电子供体化合物
其中,R基团,彼此相同或不同,为C1-C15烃基,R1-R2基团,彼此相同或不同,为氢、卤素或C1-C15烃基,任选地含有选自卤素、P、S、N和Si中的杂原子,n和m是0-3的整数,前提条件是它们中的至少一个不为于0;
(b)烷基铝助催化剂和
(c)外部电子供体。
R基团优选自C1-C10烃基,更优选地为C1-C5烷基,尤其是线性C1-C5烷基如甲基、乙基或正丁基。优选地,R基团可以选自线性C1-C4烷基中,尤其选自线性C1-C3烷基。
优选地,n+m的和为2,更优选n和m都是1。
在本发明的一个优选方面,基团R1和R2选自氢和C1-C5烷基。优选地,它们不同时为烷基,更优选地,它们为氢。
结构(I)的非限制性实例如下:
2-(2-(2-乙氧基-2-氧代乙基)苯基)乙酸丁酯、2-(2-(2-异丁氧基-2-氧代乙基)苯基)乙酸丁酯、2-(2-(2-甲氧基-2-氧代乙基)苯基)乙酸丁酯、2-(2-(2-氧代-2-丙氧基乙基)苯基)乙酸丁酯、2,2’-(1,2-亚苯基)二乙酸二丁酯、2,2’-(1,2-亚苯基)二乙酸二乙酯、2,2’-(1,2-亚苯基)二乙酸二异丁酯、2,2’-(1,2-亚苯基)二乙酸二甲酯、2,2’-(1,2-亚苯基)二乙酸二丙酯、2-(2-(2-异丁氧基-2-氧代乙基)苯基)乙酸乙酯、2-(2-(2-甲氧基-2-氧代乙基)苯基)乙酸乙酯、2-(2-(2-氧代-2-丙氧基乙基)苯基)乙酸乙酯、2-(2-(2-甲氧基-2-氧代乙基)苯基)乙酸异丁酯、2-(2-(2-氧代-2-丙氧基乙基)苯基)乙酸异丁酯、2-(2-(2-氧代-2-丙氧基乙基)苯基)乙酸甲酯、2,2’-(4-(1-苯乙基)-1,2-亚苯基)二乙酸二乙酯、2,2’-(4-(2-苯基丙烷-2-基)-1,2-亚苯基)二乙酸二乙酯、2,2’-(4-(叔丁基)-1,2-亚苯基)二乙酸二乙酯、2,2’-(4-丁基-1,2-亚苯基)二乙酸二乙酯、2,2’-(4-环己基-1,2-亚苯基)二乙酸二乙酯、2,2’-(4-环戊基-1,2-亚苯基)二乙酸二乙酯、2,2’-(4-乙基-1,2-亚苯基)二乙酸二乙酯、2,2’-(4-异丁基-1,2-亚苯基)二乙酸二乙酯、2,2’-(4-异丙基-1,2-亚苯基)二乙酸二乙酯、2,2’-(4-甲基-1,2-亚苯基)二乙酸二乙酯、2,2’-(4-丙基-1,2-亚苯基)二乙酸二乙酯、2,2’-(4-氯-1,2-亚苯基)二乙酸二乙酯、2,2’-(1,2-亚苯基)双(3-甲基丁酸二乙酯)、2,2’-(1,2-亚苯基)二丙酸二乙酯、2-(2-(1-乙氧基-1-氧代丙烷-2-基)苯基)-3-甲基丁酸乙酯、2,2’-(3,4,5,6-四甲基-1,2-亚苯基)二乙酸二乙酯、2,2’-(3,5-二-叔-丁基-1,2-亚苯基)二乙酸二乙酯、2,2’-(3,5-二异丙基-1,2-亚苯基)二乙酸二乙酯、2,2’-(3,5-二甲基-1,2-亚苯基)二乙酸二乙酯、2,2’-(4,5-二甲基-1,2-亚苯基)二乙酸二乙酯、2,2’-(5,5,8,8-四甲基-5,6,7,8-四氢化萘-2,3-二基)二乙酸二乙酯、2,2’-(5-(叔丁基)-3-甲基-1,2-亚苯基)二乙酸二乙酯、2,2’-(萘-2,3-二基)二乙酸二乙酯、2-(3-丁氧基-3-氧代丙基)苯甲酸丁酯、2-(3-乙氧基-3-氧代丙基)苯甲酸乙酯、2-[(3-异丁氧基-3-氧代丙基)苯甲酸异丁酯、2-(3-甲氧基-3-氧代丙基)苯甲酸甲酯、2-(2-(乙氧羰基)-3,3-二甲基丁基)苯甲酸乙酯、2-(2-(乙氧羰基)-3-甲基丁基)苯甲酸乙酯、2-(2-(乙氧羰基)-4-甲基-戊基)苯甲酸乙酯、2-(2-(乙氧羰基)丁基)苯甲酸乙酯、2-(2-(乙氧羰基)己基)苯甲酸乙酯、2-(3-乙氧基-2-甲基-3-氧代丙基)苯甲酸乙酯、2-(1-(3,4-二氯苯基)-3-乙氧基-3-氧代丙基)苯甲酸乙酯、2-(1-(3,4-二甲基苯基)-3-乙氧基-3-氧代丙基)苯甲酸乙酯、2-(1-乙氧基-1-氧代庚烷-3-基)苯甲酸乙酯、2-(1-乙氧基-1-氧代戊烷-3-基)苯甲酸乙酯、2-(1-乙氧基-4,4-二甲基-1-氧代戊烷-3-基)苯甲酸乙酯、2-(1-乙氧基-4-甲基-1-氧代戊烷-3-基)苯甲酸乙酯、2-(1-乙氧基-5-甲基-1-氧代己烷-3-基)苯甲酸乙酯、2-(3-乙氧基-3-氧代-1-苯丙基)苯甲酸乙酯、2-(4-乙氧基-4-氧代丁烷-2-基)苯甲酸乙酯、2-(3-乙氧基-3-氧代丙基)-5-乙基苯甲酸乙酯、2-(3-乙氧基-3-氧代丙基)-5-异丁基苯甲酸乙酯、2-[(3-乙氧基-3-氧代丙基)-5-异丙基苯甲酸乙酯、2-(3-乙氧基-3-氧代丙基)-5-甲基苯甲酸乙酯、5-(叔-丁基)-2-(3-乙氧基-3-氧代丙基)苯甲酸乙酯、5-氯-2-(3-乙氧基-3-氧代丙基)苯甲酸乙酯、2-(3-乙氧基-3-氧代丙基)-4-异丙基苯甲酸乙酯、2-(3-乙氧基-3-氧代丙基)-4-甲基苯甲酸乙酯、4-(叔-丁基)-2-(3-乙氧基-3-氧代丙基)苯甲酸乙酯、4-氯-2-(3-乙氧基-3-氧代丙基)苯甲酸乙酯、2-(2-(乙氧羰基)环己基)苯甲酸乙酯、3-(3-乙氧基-3-氧代丙基)-2-萘甲酸乙酯。
如上所述,本发明的催化剂组分(a)包括除了上述的电子供体外的Ti、Mg和卤素。具体地,催化剂组分包含一种钛化合物,该钛化合物具有至少一个钛-卤键以及负载在卤化镁上的上述电子供体化合物。卤化镁优选是活化型MgCl2,活化型MgCl2是专利文献中广泛公知的齐格勒-纳塔催化剂的载体。专利USP 4,298,718和USP 4,495,338首次描述了在齐格勒-纳塔催化中使用这些化合物。从这些专利中可知,在用于烯烃聚合的催化剂组分中作为载体或助载体的活化型二卤化镁通过X射线谱表征,其中,非活性卤化物光谱中出现的最强衍射线的强度减小而由光晕所代替,该光晕的最大强度朝向相对于较强衍射线的角度更低的角度偏移。
本发明催化剂组分中所用的优选钛化合物是TiCl4和TiCl3;此外,也可以使用化学式为Ti(OR)q-yXy的卤代醇化钛,其中q是钛的化合价,y是介于1和q-1之间的数字,X是卤素,R是具有1-10个碳原子的烃基。
固体催化剂组分的制备可以按照几种方法进行。
根据这些方法的其中一种,将无水状态下的二氯化镁、钛化合物和电子供体化合物在二氯化镁活化发生的条件下一起研磨。可在80-135℃的温度下用过量的TiCl4一次或多次处理这样得到的产物。此处理之后,用烃类溶剂洗涤,直至氯离子消失。根据另一种方法,通过在无水状态下共研磨氯化镁、钛化合物和电子供体化合物所获得的产物用卤代烃如1,2-二氯乙烷、氯苯、二氯甲烷等进行处理。该处理在40℃至卤化烃沸点的温度下进行1-4个小时。另一种方法包括在约80-120℃以及电子供体化合物存在的条件下,醇化镁或氯醇化镁(具体为根据USP 4,220,554制备的氯醇化物)与过量TiCl4之间的反应。
根据优选的方法,固体催化剂组分可以通过钛化合物与加合物衍生的氯化镁反应而制得,所述钛化合物的化学式为ti(OR)q-yXy,其中q是钛的化合价,y是介于1和q之间的数字,优选TiCl4,所述加合物的化学式为MgCl2·pROH,其中p是0.1-6的数字,优选为2-3.5,且R是具有1-18个碳原子的烃基。加合物可以球形形式适当地通过如下进行制备:将醇与氯化镁在与加合物不混溶的惰性烃存在的条件下进行混合,在加合物的熔化温度(100-130℃)下,在搅拌条件下操作。然后,乳液迅速骤冷,从而使加合物固化为球形颗粒。根据此步骤制备的球形加合物的实施例在USP4,399,054和USP 4,469,648中有所描述。如此获得的加合物可直接与钛化合物发生反应,或者该加合物可预先进行受控热脱醇处理(80-130℃)以获得一种加合物,其中醇的摩尔数通常低于3,优选为0.1-2.5。与钛化合物的反应可通过将加合物(脱醇或此类处理)悬浮在冷的TiCl4(一般为0℃)中进行;将混合物加热至80-135℃并保持在该温度下0.5-2小时。使用TiCl4可以进行一次或多次的处理。电子供体化合物可以以所需的比例在使用TiCl4的处理期间加入。在以下专利中描述了球形催化剂组分的制备方法,例如欧洲专利申请EP-A-395083、EP-A-553805、EP-A-553806、EPA601525以及WO98/44001。
根据上述方法得到的固体催化剂组分显示出一般介于20-500m2/g之间的表面积(B.E.T法),优选在50-400m2/g,且总孔隙率(通过B.E.T法测定)大于0.2cm3/g,优选为0.2-0.6cm3/g。由于孔半径高达孔隙率(Hg法)范围一般介于0.3-1.5cm3/g之间,优选为0.45-1cm3/g。
固体催化剂组分的平均粒度范围为5-120μm,更优选为10-100μm。
如上所述,可以以这些制备方法的任一种原样添加所需电子供体化合物,或可以以另外的方式通过使用适当前体而原位获得所需电子供体化合物,所述适当前体能够通过例如已知的化学反应(例如醚化、烷基化、酯化、酯交换等)在所需电子供体化合物中进行转化。
无论使用哪种制备方法,化学式(I)的电子供体化合物的最终量是,相对于Ti原子,它的摩尔比为0.01-3,优选为0.02-2,更优选为0.3-1.5。
烷基铝(b)优选地选自三烷基铝化合物,例如,三乙基铝、三异丁基铝、三正丁基铝、三正己基铝、三正辛基铝。另外,也可能使用烷基铝卤化物、烷基铝氢化物或烷基铝倍半氯化物,如AlEt2Cl和Al2Et3Cl3,其可能与如上所述的三烷基铝存在于混合物中。
合适的外部电子供体化合物(c)包括硅化合物、醚类、酯类、胺类、杂环化合物以及尤其包括2,2,6,6-四甲基哌啶和酮类。
另一类优选的外部供体化合物是化学式为(R6)a(R7)bSi(OR8)c硅化合物中的一种,其中a和b是0-2的整数,c是1-4的整数,且(a+b+c)总和是4;R6、R7和R8是具有1-18个碳原子且任选地包含杂原子的烷基、环烷基或芳烃基。在聚丁烯-1制备中特别优选的是硅化合物,其中R6和R7中的至少一个选自支链烷基、或具有3-10个碳原子的环烷基,R8为C1-C10烷基,具体的是甲基。这类优选的硅化合物实例是二异丙基二甲氧基硅烷、叔丁基三甲氧基硅烷、叔己基三甲氧基硅烷和二环戊基二甲氧基硅烷。
电子供体化合物(c)的用量使得有机铝化合物与所述的电子供体化合物(iii)的摩尔比介于0.1-500之间,优选为1-300,更优选为3-150。
聚合过程可以根据已知的技术进行,如以惰性烃作为溶剂或稀释剂的淤浆聚合,或以液体丁烯-1作为反应介质的溶液聚合。此外,也可能在一个或多个流化床或机械搅拌床反应器中进行气相聚合过程。在作为反应介质的液体丁烯-1中进行的聚合是高度优选的。
聚合通常在20-120℃的温度下进行,优选为40-90℃。在本体聚合中,操作压力一般介于0.1-6MPa之间,优选为1.0-4MPa。该聚合可以在一个或多个反应器中进行,所述反应器可以在相同或不同反应条件下(如分子量调节剂的浓度、单体浓度、温度、以及压力等)工作。在不同条件下的一个以上反应器中的作业能够制备出在两个反应器中具有不同平均分子量和因此具有任选双峰型的更宽分子量分布(MWD)的聚丁烯。此外,在不同条件下的一个以上反应器中作业具有以下优点:能够适当调整各种聚合步骤,以适当调整最终聚合物的性能。
另外,为了制备尤其适合于聚合步骤的催化剂,可以在预聚合步骤中预聚合所述催化剂。所述预聚合能够一般在低于100℃,优选在20℃-70℃的温度下在液体(淤浆或溶液)或气相中进行。使用少量的单体进行必要时间的预聚合步骤,以获得量为0.5-2000g聚合物/每克固体催化剂组分,优选5-500,更优选10-100g聚合物/每克固体催化剂组分。预聚合中使用的单体可以是丁烯-1和/或另一种含有2-10个碳原子的α-烯烃。优选地,与丙烯进行预聚合。在这种情况下,基于最终聚丁烯-1产物的重量,尤其优选利用获得0.5-20%,优选1-15%的聚丙烯含量所必需的单体量和聚合时间来进行预聚合。虽然就聚合物均匀性而言反应器共混是优选的,但是通过将本发明的聚丁烯-1与所得组合物的0.5-20wt%的丙烯均聚物或共聚物共混也能够获得良好的结果。
本发明的聚丁烯可以使用在所有通常使用聚丁烯的应用领域内。然而,由于它是本领域中的专家所熟知的,且可容易地通过常规试验进行确定,因此还可加入聚合物成分、添加剂(如稳定剂、抗氧化剂、抗腐蚀剂、成核剂、炮制助剂等)以及有机和无机填料,这可以赋予本发明产品以特定性能。
给出以下实例以便更好地说明而不是限制本发明。
如所解释的,催化剂在丙烯的聚合中显示了非常令人感兴趣的性能而且还在丁烯-1的聚合中能够产生高收率和高立体专一性的聚丁烯-1。
给出以下实例以便更好地说明而不是限制本发明。
表征
Ti的测定
固体催化剂组分中Ti含量通过“I.C.P Spectrometer ARL Accuris”的电感耦合等离子体发射光谱进行确定。在“fluxy”铂坩埚上分析称量0.1÷0.3g催化剂以及3g偏硼酸锂/四硼酸锂1/1混合物以制备样品。将坩埚放置在弱本生灯火焰上以进行燃烧步骤,然后加入数滴KI溶液后,插入到特殊装置“Claisse Fluxy”以完全燃烧。用5%v/v的HNO3溶液收集残余物并且通过ICP在368.52nm波长处对钛进行分析。
内部供体含量的测定
固体催化剂化合物中内部供体的含量通过气相色谱分析完成测定。将固体组分溶解在酸性水中。将溶液用乙酸乙酯萃取,加入内标,在气相色谱仪中分析有机相样品以确定起始催化剂化合物中供体存量。
X.I.的测定
将2.5g聚合物和250ml邻二甲苯置于装有冷却器和回流冷凝器的圆底烧瓶中并保持在氮气条件下。将得到的混合物加热至135℃,并持续搅拌约60分钟。最终溶液在连续搅拌的条件下冷却至0℃,然后0℃过滤不溶性聚合物。然后将滤液在140℃的氮气流中蒸发,达到恒重。所述二甲苯可溶馏分的含量用初始2.5g的百分比来表示,然后通过差分,得到X.I.%。
通过
13
C NMR(核磁共振)进行等规指数的测定(mmmm%)
通过以下步骤对二甲苯不溶馏分(如上节“X.I.的测定”所述的那样得到)进行测量:在C2Cl4D2中制备8wt%聚合物溶液和使用装有冷冻探针的BrukerAV-600光谱仪在120℃下记录光谱,所述BrukerAV-600光谱仪在120℃下以傅立叶变换模式在160.91MHz的条件下运行。采用90°脉冲、各脉冲间15秒延迟和复合脉冲去耦(CPD)获得每一个光谱以除去1H-13C耦合。使用9000Hz的光谱窗将约512个瞬态存储在64K数据点中。
根据Carbon-13NMR Spectral Assignment of Five Polyolefins Determined from the ChemicalShift Calculation and the Polymerization Mechanism,T.Asakura and others,Macromolecules1991,24 2334-2340,对支化亚甲基碳区域中的五单元组信号进行分配。
将聚丁烯的等规指数评估为二甲苯不溶馏分中的mmmm五单元组的百分比并通过积分28.15ppm-26.4ppm(Itot)支化亚甲基碳的所有五单元组区域对聚丁烯的等规指数进行计算,在27.7ppm处mmmm峰作为内标。由于13C-13C耦合和mmmr峰,通过在较高场mmmm边带间的光谱线的最小值(约27.5ppm)处切割积分线对mmmm峰(Immmm)进行积分。
mmmm%=100(Immmm)/(Itot)
特性粘度(IV)的测定
在135℃的控制温度下,将称重量的样品溶于四氢萘(THN)中。利用装有乌伯娄德(Ubbelhode)改性毛细管粘度计的Sematech Cinevisco系统(135℃恒温)测定该稀释溶液的流动时间。加入Irganox 1010作为抗氧剂以使分子量的降解现象最小化。通过使用哈金斯方程计算IV并假设哈金斯系数等于0.35。考虑到动能的贡献,对溶剂和溶液的流动时间进行校正。考虑到从常温到135℃时THN的体积变化,对溶液浓度进行评估。
通过差示扫描量热法(DSC)的聚合物结晶度
在Perkin-Elmer DSC-1热量计上通过差示扫描量热法(D.S.C.)对聚合物的熔点(Tm)进行测定,相对于铟的熔点预先进行标定。在每个DSC坩埚中样品的重量保持在6.0±0.5mg。
为了获得型体II的熔点,将加权样品密封至铝锅并以10℃/min的速率加热至180℃。在180℃下将样品保持5分钟以使所有微晶完全熔化,然后冷却至20℃(以10℃/min的速率)。在20℃下放置2分钟后,第二次将样品以10℃/min的速率加热至180℃。在第二次加热运行中,将峰值温度作为型体II的熔化温度。
实施例
球形加合物的制备步骤
根据WO98/44009的实施例2中描述的方法(但是进行了更大规模上的操作)制备初始量的微球状MgCl2·2.8C2H5OH。载体加合物具有约为25微米的P50,和约为56wt%的乙醇含量。
制备固体催化剂组分的一般步骤
在500ml四颈圆底烧瓶中,用氮气吹扫,在0℃下引入250ml的TiCl4。搅拌的同时,加入10g如上所述制备的球形加合物。将烧瓶冷却至0℃,加入指示内电子供体化合物,以此来达到指示摩尔比Mg/ID。将温度升高到指示值并维持指示的钛酸化时间。然后,停止搅拌,让固体产物沉降,虹吸掉上清液。
加入一定量新鲜TiCl4以到达初始液体水平。在指示时间内使温度达到指示温度,并重复虹吸。任选地,应用到第三次钛酸化步骤中。将得到的固体在60℃下用无水己烷(6×100ml)洗涤6次,然后在真空下干燥。
丁烯-1的本体聚合步骤
在70℃下4L的高压釜中充入氮气流,保持1小时,在30℃下将含有3.5mmol的三异丁基铝的12ml无水己烷引入氮气流中。然后,加入1.35kg液体丁烯-1,将温度升高至75℃,并加入氢气(用量如表2所示)。为了引发聚合,注射50ml无水己烷中的催化剂悬浮液,该悬浮液含有3.5mmol的三异丁基铝,6mg固体催化剂组分,和表2中所示类型的外部供体,其量以满足同一表格中所示的Mg/ED。
在75℃下进行2小时的聚合。通过闪蒸出残留的丁烯-1单体,收集聚-丁烯-1聚合物。在70℃下将聚合物在氮气中过夜干燥。具体的聚合条件和结果列于表2中。
实施例1-4和比较实施例C1和C2
使用上述一般方法制备固体催化剂组分。在实施例中,如表1所示,钛酸化条件发生变化。与其它实施例相比,实施例3的固体在90℃下用庚烷洗涤两次,接着在60℃下用己烷洗涤四次。
将获得的固体按照上述步骤进行干燥,并使用上述方法进行表征。该表征的结果如表1所示。
表1.
DEPDA为2,2’-(1,2-亚苯基)二乙酸二乙酯
PDBPB为戊烷-2,4-二基-双(4-苯甲酸丙酯)
TMPDB为5-(叔丁基)-3-甲基-1,2-亚苯基二苯甲酸酯
EEOB为2-(3-乙氧基-3-氧代丙基)苯甲酸乙酯
实施例5-13和比较实施例C3和C4
使用上文给出的一般描述,将上述例举的固体催化剂组分用于1-丁烯的均聚。根据表2中的描述,该聚合条件(氢气和外部供体的量,以及外部供体的类型)发生变化。
使用上文给出的一般步骤对获得的聚合物进行表征。这些表征的结果在表2中给出。
表2.
T为叔己基三甲氧基硅烷
n.d.=未测定
Claims (10)
1.一种在催化剂存在的条件下进行丁烯-1聚合的方法,所述催化剂包括
(a)固体催化剂组分,其包含Mg、Ti和以下化学式(I)中的电子供体化合物
其中,
所述R基团,彼此相同或不同,为C1-C15烃基,所述R1-R2基团,彼此相同或不同,为氢、卤素或C1-C15烃基,任选地含有选自卤素、P、S、N以及Si中的杂原子,n和m是0-3的整数,前提条件是它们中的至少一个不为0;
(b)烷基铝助催化剂和
(c)外部电子供体。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中,R基团选自C1-C5的直链烷基。
3.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中,所述n+m的总和为2。
4.根据权利要求3所述的方法,其中,n和m都为1。
5.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中,R1和R2选自氢和C1-C5烷基。
6.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中,R1和R2不同时为烷基。
7.根据权利要求6所述的方法,其中,R1和R2为氢。
8.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中,所述烷基铝化合物(b)选自所述三烷基铝化合物。
9.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中,所述的外部电子供体选自化学式为(R6)a(R7)bSi(OR8)c的硅化合物,其中,a和b是0-2的整数,c是1-4的整数,所述(a+b+c)总和为4;R6、R7和R8是具有1-18个碳原子且任选地包含杂原子的烷基、环烷基或芳烃基。
10.根据权利要求9所述的方法,其中,R6和R7中的至少一个选自支链烷基或具有3-10个碳原子的环烷基,R8是C1-C10烷基。
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PCT/EP2013/061158 WO2013182474A1 (en) | 2012-06-08 | 2013-05-30 | Catalyst components for the polymerization of butene-1 |
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JP6216634B2 (ja) * | 2013-12-17 | 2017-10-18 | 東邦チタニウム株式会社 | オレフィン類重合用固体触媒成分、オレフィン類重合用触媒及びオレフィン類重合体の製造方法 |
CN103897080B (zh) * | 2014-04-19 | 2016-05-04 | 山东东方宏业化工有限公司 | 高等规聚丁烯的工业化生产方法及实施该方法的装置 |
US9738736B2 (en) * | 2014-08-12 | 2017-08-22 | W. R. Grace & Co.-Conn | Combined internal donor system for Ziegler-Natta polyolefin catalysts and methods of making and using same |
CA3025263C (en) * | 2016-05-23 | 2024-01-09 | W.R. Grace & Co. -Conn. | Non-phthalate donor for polyolefin catalysts |
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US20150141595A1 (en) | 2015-05-21 |
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EP2859026B1 (en) | 2017-06-28 |
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KR20150027138A (ko) | 2015-03-11 |
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