CN104529645A - Mushroom culture medium and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Mushroom culture medium and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN104529645A CN104529645A CN201510002947.0A CN201510002947A CN104529645A CN 104529645 A CN104529645 A CN 104529645A CN 201510002947 A CN201510002947 A CN 201510002947A CN 104529645 A CN104529645 A CN 104529645A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
- C05C3/00—Fertilisers containing other salts of ammonia or ammonia itself, e.g. gas liquor
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
- Y02P20/133—Renewable energy sources, e.g. sunlight
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- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Mushroom Cultivation (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a mushroom culture medium. Each kilogram of the mushroom culture medium comprises 30-50 g of soybean meal, 10-20 g of rapeseed meal, 100-150 g of wheat bran, 10-20 g of corn flour, 5-10 g of fermented silkworm manure, 2-3 g of manganese sulfate, 5-7 g of ammonium sulfate, 1.5-1.7 mg of vitamin B2, 3-5 mg of vitamin B1, 0.5-0.7 mg of triacontanol, 0.5-1 g of sodium humate, and the balance mixed particle sawdust. The mushroom culture medium is scientific and reasonable in formulation and low in cost, all components are cooperative and matched with one another, the nutrient is balanced, and the yield of mushrooms can be improved. The invention further discloses a preparation method of the mushroom culture medium. After all the components are weighed according to the ratio, the corn flour, the vitamin B2 and the vitamin B1 are evenly mixed to obtain pre-mixed materials, and then the pre-mixed materials are evenly mixed with the soybean meal, the rapeseed meal, the wheat bran, the fermented silkworm manure, the manganese sulfate, the ammonium sulfate, the triacontanol, the sodium humate and the particle sawdust. According to the preparation method of the mushroom culture medium, different components are mixed step by step, the process sequence is simple, the operability is high, the evenness of mixing of all components is good, and the method is suitable for industrial production.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of edible fungus culturing matrix, especially relate to a kind of mushroom cultivation substrate and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Mushroom is a kind of important kind in China edible mushrooms, and be also that world eats and medicinal kind in a large number, become the outstanding person in human health care's food, at home and abroad market is in great demand.The country of origin of domestic mushroom in Fujian, Zhejiang one is with, cultivation matrix the most conventional is at present 78 (weed tree sawdusts): 20 (wheat brans): 1 (gypsum): 1 (brown sugar), in this cultivation matrix, nutrient supply level is uneven, mushroom production is low, and containing a large amount of wheat brans, cost is high
Application publication number CN102603403A, the Chinese patent of Shen Qing Publication day 2012.07.25 discloses a kind of mushroom cultivation substrate, be made up of solid substances and water, it is characterized in that each solid substances accounts for the per-cent of solid substances gross weight as follows: hardwood sawdust 78% ~ 82%; Wheat bran 14% ~ 20%; Sucrose 0.8% ~ 1.2%; Terra alba 0.7% ~ 1.2%; Fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate 0.8% ~ 1.5%; Composite fertilizer 0.8% ~ 1.5%; In mushroom cultivation substrate, the content of water accounts for 58% ~ 62% of above-mentioned solid substances gross weight.Wheat bran content in this mushroom cultivation substrate still accounts for 14% ~ 20%, and this directly causes the cost of cultivation matrix higher; In addition, shiitake mushroom hypha is variant to the organic capacity of decomposition of difference at Different growth phases, and organic nitrogen source in this cultivation matrix is single, only has wheat bran, therefore easily causes the utilization ratio of nutrient low, and be unfavorable for the increase of output and the raising of quality.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is that the mushroom cultivation substrate cost in order to solve prior art is higher, nutritional imbalance, and the utilization ratio of nutrient is low, be unfavorable for the problem of the increase of output and the raising of quality, provide a kind of scientific formulation reasonable, cost is low, nutritive equilibrium, can improve the mushroom cultivation substrate of mushroom production.
The invention also discloses a kind of preparation method of mushroom cultivation substrate, this preparation method's processing step is simple, and workable, each component mixing uniformity is good, is applicable to suitability for industrialized production.
To achieve these goals, the present invention is by the following technical solutions:
A kind of mushroom cultivation substrate, contains in every kilogram of described mushroom cultivation substrate: 30 ~ 50g dregs of beans, 10 ~ 20g dish dregs of rice, 100 ~ 150g wheat bran, 10 ~ 20g Semen Maydis powder, 5 ~ 10g ferments silkworm faeces, 2 ~ 3g manganous sulfate, 5 ~ 7g ammonium sulfate, 1.5 ~ 1.7mg Lin Suanna Vitamin B2 Sodium Phosphate, 3 ~ 5mg VITMAIN B1,0.5 ~ 0.7mg triacontanol price quote, 0.5 ~ 1g Sodium salts humic acids, surplus is particle wood chaff.The present invention according to mushroom at the Nutritional selectivity of Different growth phases to cultivation matrix, again according to mushroom growth to the nutrient demand in cultivation matrix, optimize cultivation matrix, the present invention abandons traditional, content and the high wheat bran of cost are as organic nitrogen source, with dregs of beans, the dish dregs of rice, the mixing organic nitrogen source of Semen Maydis powder and fermentation silkworm faeces composition replaces, with dregs of beans, the dish dregs of rice, Semen Maydis powder, wheat bran and fermentation silkworm faeces are as organic nitrogen source, one is that raw material is easy to get, cost is low, two is that mushroom mycelium is variant in the ability of different growing stage decomposing organic matter, and adopt mixing organic nitrogen source that mushroom mycelium can be made to select to decompose the different nitrogen organics that supplies at different growing stage, not only utilization ratio is high, the content of organic nitrogen source in cultivation matrix can be reduced, and the nutritive equilibrium of each growth phase of mushroom can be maintained, be conducive to the increase of output, Semen Maydis powder is simultaneously also as supplying carbon species and energy substance, most importantly, in the present invention, Semen Maydis powder can ensure the stability of Lin Suanna Vitamin B2 Sodium Phosphate and VITMAIN B1 as the carrier of Lin Suanna Vitamin B2 Sodium Phosphate and VITMAIN B1, and make to mix in Lin Suanna Vitamin B2 Sodium Phosphate and the easier cultivation matrix of VITMAIN B1, in addition, inorganic nitrogen-sourced ammonium sulfate is also added in cultivation matrix of the present invention, inorganic nitrogen-sourced ammonium sulfate is not only conducive to field planting and the sprouting of mycelia, improve the speed of growth of mycelia, can also with organic nitrogen source synergy, to ensure in cultivation matrix the supply of nitrogen element balance can, suitably can reduce the content of organic nitrogen source, reduce costs further, the present invention adds manganous sulfate in cultivation matrix, can promote that mushroom mycelium grows, and improve fruiting body yield, and can improve sporophore quality, make mushroom individuality more even, the add-on of manganous sulfate is advisable with 2 ~ 3g/Kg, mushroom its synthesis VitB1 and ability of riboflavin in process of growth can not meet the physiological requirement of mushroom high yield, and therefore the present invention adds Lin Suanna Vitamin B2 Sodium Phosphate and VITMAIN B1 to improve the output of mushroom in cultivation matrix, triacontanol price quote can strengthen the biotransformation rate of mushroom, has the effect of volume increase, Sodium salts humic acids can change the structure of cultivation matrix, and can improve the utilization ratio to nitrogen element, also has the effect of preserve moisture and fertility in addition, adds Sodium salts humic acids and have obvious production-increasing function to mushroom in cultivation matrix, adopt particle wood chaff, between matrix, gap is larger, and good permeability, and the usage quantity that can reduce wheat bran, be conducive to reducing costs.Cultivation medium formula of the present invention is scientific and reasonable, and cost is low, nutritive equilibrium, can improve mushroom production.
As preferably, the particle fineness of described dregs of beans, the dish dregs of rice and fermentation silkworm faeces is 4 ~ 6 orders.The particle fineness of dregs of beans, the dish dregs of rice and fermentation silkworm faeces is for 4 ~ 6 orders are to ensure the physico-chemical structure (degree of packing, retention ability and permeability etc.) of the bacterium rod made by cultivation matrix.
As preferably, the particle diameter of described particle wood chaff is 0.5 ~ 1cm.
As preferably, described particle wood chaff is made up of wooden chaff and Waste compost.Particle wood chaff is made up of wooden chaff and Waste compost, is conducive to reducing costs.
A kind of preparation method of mushroom cultivation substrate, after weighing dregs of beans, the dish dregs of rice, wheat bran, Semen Maydis powder, fermentation silkworm faeces, manganous sulfate, ammonium sulfate, Lin Suanna Vitamin B2 Sodium Phosphate, VITMAIN B1, triacontanol price quote, Sodium salts humic acids and particle wood chaff respectively by said ratio, first Semen Maydis powder is mixed with Lin Suanna Vitamin B2 Sodium Phosphate, VITMAIN B1, obtain Preblend, then Preblend is mixed with dregs of beans, the dish dregs of rice, wheat bran, fermentation silkworm faeces, manganous sulfate, ammonium sulfate, triacontanol price quote, Sodium salts humic acids, particle wood chaff.Preparation method of the present invention is by mixing different components substep to ensure mixing uniformity, and processing step is simple, and workable, each component mixing uniformity is good, can large-scale industrial production.
As preferably, before weighing, dregs of beans, the dish dregs of rice, fermentation silkworm faeces and particle wood chaff are shone 3 ~ 5 days in the sunlight.Shine the effect reaching sterilization and disinfection in the sun.
As preferably, after dregs of beans, the dish dregs of rice and fermentation silkworm faeces shine 3 ~ 5 days in the sunlight, pulverize and cross 4 ~ 6 mesh sieves.
Therefore, the present invention has following beneficial effect:
(1) according to mushroom at Different growth phases to the Nutritional selectivity of cultivation matrix and mushroom growth to the nutrient demand in cultivation matrix, design is optimized to the cultivation matrix of mushroom, scientific formulation is reasonable, cost is low, mutual coordinated between each component, nutritive equilibrium, can improve mushroom production;
(2) preparation method of the present invention is by mixing different components substep to ensure mixing uniformity, and processing step is simple, and workable, each component mixing uniformity is good, is applicable to suitability for industrialized production.
Embodiment
Below by embodiment, the present invention will be further described.
In the present invention, if not refer in particular to, all per-cent is weight unit, and all devices and raw material all can be buied from market or the industry is conventional, and the method in following embodiment, if no special instructions, is this area ordinary method.
Embodiment 1
A kind of mushroom cultivation substrate, contains in every kilogram of described mushroom cultivation substrate: 30g dregs of beans, the 10g dish dregs of rice, 100g wheat bran, 10g Semen Maydis powder, 5g ferments silkworm faeces, 2g manganous sulfate, 5g ammonium sulfate, 1.5mg Lin Suanna Vitamin B2 Sodium Phosphate, 3mg VITMAIN B1,0.5mg triacontanol price quote, 0.5g Sodium salts humic acids, surplus is the particle wood chaff be made up of Waste compost, wherein the particle fineness of dregs of beans, the dish dregs of rice and fermentation silkworm faeces is 4 orders, and the particle diameter of particle wood chaff is 0.5cm.
This mushroom cultivation substrate is obtained by following preparation method: first by dregs of beans, the dish dregs of rice, fermentation silkworm faeces and particle wood chaff shine 3 days in the sunlight, then by dregs of beans, the dish dregs of rice and fermentation silkworm faeces are pulverized and cross 4 mesh sieves, then said ratio weighs dregs of beans respectively, the dish dregs of rice, wheat bran, Semen Maydis powder, fermentation silkworm faeces, manganous sulfate, ammonium sulfate, Lin Suanna Vitamin B2 Sodium Phosphate, VITMAIN B1, triacontanol price quote, Sodium salts humic acids and particle wood chaff after, again by Semen Maydis powder and Lin Suanna Vitamin B2 Sodium Phosphate, VITMAIN B1 mixes, obtain Preblend, finally by Preblend and dregs of beans, the dish dregs of rice, wheat bran, fermentation silkworm faeces, manganous sulfate, ammonium sulfate, triacontanol price quote, Sodium salts humic acids, particle wood chaff mixes.
Embodiment 2
A kind of mushroom cultivation substrate, contains in every kilogram of described mushroom cultivation substrate: 40g dregs of beans, the 15g dish dregs of rice, 120g wheat bran, 15g Semen Maydis powder, 7g ferments silkworm faeces, 2.3g manganous sulfate, 6g ammonium sulfate, 1.6mg Lin Suanna Vitamin B2 Sodium Phosphate, 4mg VITMAIN B1,0.6mg triacontanol price quote, 0.7g Sodium salts humic acids, surplus is the particle wood chaff be made up of Waste compost, wherein the particle fineness of dregs of beans, the dish dregs of rice and fermentation silkworm faeces is 5 orders, and the particle diameter of particle wood chaff is 0.6cm.
This mushroom cultivation substrate is obtained by following preparation method: first by dregs of beans, the dish dregs of rice, fermentation silkworm faeces and particle wood chaff shine 4 days in the sunlight, then by dregs of beans, the dish dregs of rice and fermentation silkworm faeces are pulverized and cross 5 mesh sieves, then said ratio weighs dregs of beans respectively, the dish dregs of rice, wheat bran, Semen Maydis powder, fermentation silkworm faeces, manganous sulfate, ammonium sulfate, Lin Suanna Vitamin B2 Sodium Phosphate, VITMAIN B1, triacontanol price quote, Sodium salts humic acids and particle wood chaff after, again by Semen Maydis powder and Lin Suanna Vitamin B2 Sodium Phosphate, VITMAIN B1 mixes, obtain Preblend, finally by Preblend and dregs of beans, the dish dregs of rice, wheat bran, fermentation silkworm faeces, manganous sulfate, ammonium sulfate, triacontanol price quote, Sodium salts humic acids, particle wood chaff mixes.
Embodiment 3
A kind of mushroom cultivation substrate, contains in every kilogram of described mushroom cultivation substrate: 50g dregs of beans, the 20g dish dregs of rice, 150g wheat bran, 20g Semen Maydis powder, 10g ferments silkworm faeces, 3g manganous sulfate, 7g ammonium sulfate, 1.7mg Lin Suanna Vitamin B2 Sodium Phosphate, 5mg VITMAIN B1,0.7mg triacontanol price quote, 1g Sodium salts humic acids, surplus is the particle wood chaff be made up of Waste compost, wherein the particle fineness of dregs of beans, the dish dregs of rice and fermentation silkworm faeces is 6 orders, and the particle diameter of particle wood chaff is 1cm.
This mushroom cultivation substrate is obtained by following preparation method: first by dregs of beans, the dish dregs of rice, fermentation silkworm faeces and particle wood chaff shine 5 days in the sunlight, then by dregs of beans, the dish dregs of rice and fermentation silkworm faeces are pulverized and cross 6 mesh sieves, then said ratio weighs dregs of beans respectively, the dish dregs of rice, wheat bran, Semen Maydis powder, fermentation silkworm faeces, manganous sulfate, ammonium sulfate, Lin Suanna Vitamin B2 Sodium Phosphate, VITMAIN B1, triacontanol price quote, Sodium salts humic acids and particle wood chaff after, again by Semen Maydis powder and Lin Suanna Vitamin B2 Sodium Phosphate, VITMAIN B1 mixes, obtain Preblend, finally by Preblend and dregs of beans, the dish dregs of rice, wheat bran, fermentation silkworm faeces, manganous sulfate, ammonium sulfate, triacontanol price quote, Sodium salts humic acids, particle wood chaff mixes.
Mushroom cultivation substrate of the present invention and traditional mushroom cultivation substrate 78 (weed tree sawdust): 20 (wheat brans): 1 (gypsum): compared with 1 (brown sugar), cost reduces by more than 20%, mycelia covers with the time advance more than 5 days of bacterium rod, the mushroom production of single bacterium rod improves more than 18%, and biotransformation rate improves more than 12%.As can be seen here, mushroom cultivation substrate scientific formulation of the present invention is reasonable, and cost is low, nutritive equilibrium, can significantly improve mushroom production, has good economic benefit and popularizing application prospect.
Above-described embodiment is one of the present invention preferably scheme, not does any pro forma restriction to the present invention, also has other variant and remodeling under the prerequisite not exceeding the technical scheme described in claim.
Claims (7)
1. a mushroom cultivation substrate, is characterized in that, contains: 30 ~ 50g dregs of beans in every kilogram of described mushroom cultivation substrate, 10 ~ 20g dish dregs of rice, 100 ~ 150g wheat bran, 10 ~ 20g Semen Maydis powder, 5 ~ 10g ferments silkworm faeces, 2 ~ 3g manganous sulfate, 5 ~ 7g ammonium sulfate, 1.5 ~ 1.7mg Lin Suanna Vitamin B2 Sodium Phosphate, 3 ~ 5mg VITMAIN B1,0.5 ~ 0.7mg triacontanol price quote, 0.5 ~ 1g Sodium salts humic acids, surplus is particle wood chaff.
2. mushroom cultivation substrate according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the particle fineness of described dregs of beans, the dish dregs of rice and fermentation silkworm faeces is 4 ~ 6 orders.
3. mushroom cultivation substrate according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the particle diameter of described particle wood chaff is 0.5 ~ 1cm.
4. the mushroom cultivation substrate according to claim 1 or 3, is characterized in that, described particle wood chaff is made up of wooden chaff and Waste compost.
5. the preparation method of a mushroom cultivation substrate as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, concrete steps are: after weighing dregs of beans, the dish dregs of rice, wheat bran, Semen Maydis powder, fermentation silkworm faeces, manganous sulfate, ammonium sulfate, Lin Suanna Vitamin B2 Sodium Phosphate, VITMAIN B1, triacontanol price quote, Sodium salts humic acids and particle wood chaff respectively by said ratio, first Semen Maydis powder is mixed with Lin Suanna Vitamin B2 Sodium Phosphate, VITMAIN B1, obtain Preblend, then Preblend is mixed with dregs of beans, the dish dregs of rice, wheat bran, fermentation silkworm faeces, manganous sulfate, ammonium sulfate, triacontanol price quote, Sodium salts humic acids, particle wood chaff.
6. preparation method according to claim 5, is characterized in that, before weighing, dregs of beans, the dish dregs of rice, fermentation silkworm faeces and particle wood chaff is shone 3 ~ 5 days in the sunlight.
7. preparation method according to claim 6, is characterized in that, after dregs of beans, the dish dregs of rice and fermentation silkworm faeces shine 3 ~ 5 days in the sunlight, pulverizes and crosses 4 ~ 6 mesh sieves.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201510002947.0A CN104529645A (en) | 2015-01-04 | 2015-01-04 | Mushroom culture medium and preparation method thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201510002947.0A CN104529645A (en) | 2015-01-04 | 2015-01-04 | Mushroom culture medium and preparation method thereof |
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| CN104529645A true CN104529645A (en) | 2015-04-22 |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104945118A (en) * | 2015-06-16 | 2015-09-30 | 王金生 | Method for preparing mushroom culture medium |
| CN105110829A (en) * | 2015-09-01 | 2015-12-02 | 广西南宁胜祺安科技开发有限公司 | Mushroom culture substrate and preparation method thereof |
| CN107285866A (en) * | 2017-06-30 | 2017-10-24 | 刘少标 | A kind of mushroom cultivation substrate for adding vetiver |
| CN114262241A (en) * | 2022-01-18 | 2022-04-01 | 平泉市瀑河源食品有限公司 | Nutrient solution for planting shiitake mushrooms and preparation method thereof |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103250559A (en) * | 2013-04-16 | 2013-08-21 | 东至林野生态种植中心 | Cultivation method of Vietnamese sophora root bagged health shitake mushroom |
| CN103497040A (en) * | 2013-08-29 | 2014-01-08 | 合肥市潜溪山庄农业生态园有限公司 | Mushroom cultivation base using attapulgite for adsorption of harmful metal elements and its preparation method |
| CN103864520A (en) * | 2014-03-20 | 2014-06-18 | 泗阳县农业科学研究所 | Pleurotus nebrodensis residue culture base material and preparation method thereof |
-
2015
- 2015-01-04 CN CN201510002947.0A patent/CN104529645A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103250559A (en) * | 2013-04-16 | 2013-08-21 | 东至林野生态种植中心 | Cultivation method of Vietnamese sophora root bagged health shitake mushroom |
| CN103497040A (en) * | 2013-08-29 | 2014-01-08 | 合肥市潜溪山庄农业生态园有限公司 | Mushroom cultivation base using attapulgite for adsorption of harmful metal elements and its preparation method |
| CN103864520A (en) * | 2014-03-20 | 2014-06-18 | 泗阳县农业科学研究所 | Pleurotus nebrodensis residue culture base material and preparation method thereof |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104945118A (en) * | 2015-06-16 | 2015-09-30 | 王金生 | Method for preparing mushroom culture medium |
| CN105110829A (en) * | 2015-09-01 | 2015-12-02 | 广西南宁胜祺安科技开发有限公司 | Mushroom culture substrate and preparation method thereof |
| CN107285866A (en) * | 2017-06-30 | 2017-10-24 | 刘少标 | A kind of mushroom cultivation substrate for adding vetiver |
| CN114262241A (en) * | 2022-01-18 | 2022-04-01 | 平泉市瀑河源食品有限公司 | Nutrient solution for planting shiitake mushrooms and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20150422 |