CN104521710A - Crop cultivation managing method for efficient resource utilization in stony desertification mountainous area - Google Patents
Crop cultivation managing method for efficient resource utilization in stony desertification mountainous area Download PDFInfo
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- CN104521710A CN104521710A CN201410787937.8A CN201410787937A CN104521710A CN 104521710 A CN104521710 A CN 104521710A CN 201410787937 A CN201410787937 A CN 201410787937A CN 104521710 A CN104521710 A CN 104521710A
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- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- soilless culture
- runoff
- stony desertification
- terraced fields
- trough
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
- A01G31/02—Special apparatus therefor
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/28—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture specially adapted for farming
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
Abstract
The invention discloses a crop cultivation managing method for efficient resource utilization in a stony desertification mountainous area. A man-made soilless cultivation terrace is laid on a slope of a mountain in the stony desertification mountainous area, and a water circulation system is arranged below the man-made soilless cultivation terrace. The man-made soilless cultivation terrace is ingeniously designed and manufactured according to the terrain of the mountain and mainly composed of multiple soilless cultivation troughs which are connected in sequence, the soilless cultivation troughs are fixed to the slope of the mountain through metal anchor rods installed in advance or connection lines of the soilless cultivation troughs and filled with a matrix and fertilizer, and the plants are planted in the soilless cultivation troughs. The water circulation system is mainly composed of iron gauze, a runoff grit chamber, a runoff settling pond and a water tank and used for collecting, processing and recycling runoff water and natural rainwater and used for fertilizer application and pesticide application in cooperation. The crop cultivation managing method is scientific, reasonable, simple, practical, the devices can be recycled for many years after one-time investment, the space, light, temperature and water resources in the stony desertification mountainous area can be utilized to the maximum extent for soilless cultivation, and the method plays an important role in agricultural production or cliff landscape construction in stony area.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to stony desertification restoration of the ecosystem and soilless culture field, particularly relate to a kind of stony desertification mountain resource efficiency utilization Crop Planting Management Agriculture Expert method.
Background technology
At present, the research carrying out soilless culture in stony desertification mountain area concentrates on the plantation stem of noble dendrobium and flowers and plants, and is plant when not changing the gradient." a kind of method of planting dendrobium candidum on stony desertification soil " (number of patent application 201310056112.4 of the inventions such as the Luo Yibo of Hunan, Xinning County dry measure used in former times plantation Science and Technology Development Co., Ltd., publication date is on August 27th, 2014), dendrobium candidum seedling is planted in tor liver moss clump, first seedling root is encased with liver moss at the tor without liver moss, with water conservation adhesive, seedlings root is attached on crag together together with liver moss again, or fill out at low-lying place put stone, cultivation matrix transplants seedling again.The method is simple, but on abrupt slope during long-term cropping, the daily management of crop is comparatively difficult." a kind of environment protection ecologic reconstruction restorative procedure " (number of patent application 201310515571.4 of Xue Dekui, publication date is on January 15th, 2014), first the anchor metal of fixation and the flexible fibrous web of soil and slope protection effect be installed and spray ground floor soil moved in improve the original on domatic, then rigidity anti-corrosion wire netting spray second layer soil moved in improve the original is again installed thereon, continue spray nutrition fertilizer, spray plant seed, fixing environmental protection host material and Material of preserving soil moisture are installed again, newly-established vegetable layer gross thickness is made to reach 10-20 centimetre, finally reinforce setting nails make newly-established vegetable layer be firmly combined in domatic on, construct complete vegetation ecological system.Utilize the method kind grass to be feasible, but during long-term cropping, the resource such as space and illumination on abrupt slope cannot be made full use of, cannot daily managing and protecting be carried out.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of scientific and reasonable, simple and practical, the stony desertification mountain resource efficiency utilization Crop Planting Management Agriculture Expert method that can be recycled, carries out soilless culture open a kind of new Crop Planting Management Agriculture Expert method at utmost utilizing the space in stony desertification mountain area and light temperature resource.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention is by the following technical solutions: stony desertification mountain resource efficiency utilization Crop Planting Management Agriculture Expert method, artificial soilless culture terraced fields are laid on stony desertification massif slope, water circulation system is set below the artificial soilless culture terraced fields at the foot of the hill; Artificial soilless culture terraced fields, primarily of multiple Soilless culture trough composition connected in turn; There is connecting hole at the upper and lower two ends of Soilless culture trough, perforation is left in the outside of corner, bottom surface, connect multiple Soilless culture trough by chain in turn by connecting hole, by metal wire from up and down and left and right both direction through the perforation of each Soilless culture trough the anchor metal being fixed on installation in advance or its line; The frame of Soilless culture trough is plastics or metal structure, and the central channel of Soilless culture trough is foaming structure, and osculum is established in central channel bottom surface; Soilless culture trough entirety is in tri-prismoid, and its outerplanar, upper plane and bottom surface are rectangle, and two sides are triangle; Fill out in Soilless culture trough and put matrix, fertilizer long-term cropping.
The artificial soilless culture terraced fields of parallel laid multiple row on massif slope, stony desertification mountain area, often arrange about 1 meter, artificial soilless culture terraced fields interval; On Soilless culture trough, plane length is 1.5-2 rice, and width is 0.5-1 rice.
Water circulation system forms primarily of wire netting, runoff sand basin, runoff depositing reservoir and water tank, wire netting, runoff sand basin, runoff depositing reservoir is set gradually from top to bottom, the location construction water tank that side is more smooth and mix and blend pond below artificial soilless culture terraced fields; After the water of runoff depositing reservoir and water tank flows to mix and blend pond, add fertilizer and agricultural chemicals, the aqueous solution is evacuated to mountain top again by the water pipe laid above soilless culture terraced fields and shower nozzle with water pump, sprays on crop.
Difficult problem is repaired for current stony desertification mountain bridge, inventor suits measures to local conditions to establish a kind of stony desertification mountain resource efficiency utilization Crop Planting Management Agriculture Expert method, artificial soilless culture terraced fields are laid on massif slope, stony desertification mountain area, water circulation system is set below the artificial soilless culture terraced fields at the foot of the hill.Wherein, artificial soilless culture terraced fields system designs and produces dexterously according to its landform and forms, primarily of multiple Soilless culture trough composition connected in turn, each Soilless culture trough is laid on stony desertification mountain area by the anchor metal installed in advance or its line, fills out and put matrix, fertilizer long-term cropping in Soilless culture trough.Water circulation system, then primarily of wire netting, runoff sand basin, runoff depositing reservoir and water tank composition, processes for collecting and recycles runoff water, natural rainfall, and compounding application fertilizer, agricultural chemicals.Crop Planting Management Agriculture Expert methodological science provided by the invention is reasonable, simple and practical, one-time investment can recycle for many years, the space in stony desertification mountain area and light warm water resource can be at utmost utilized to carry out soilless culture, for mountain areas agricultural production or cliff landscape construction play a significant role.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is artificial soilless culture terraced fields of the present invention and water circulation system (overlooking) using state schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 is artificial soilless culture terraced fields (longitudinal cross-section) using state schematic diagram in Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of Soilless culture trough in Fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is the syndeton schematic diagram in Fig. 1 between Soilless culture trough.
In figure: 1 anchor metal, 2 metal wires, 3 Soilless culture troughs, 4 chains, 5 connecting holes, 6 perforation, 7 osculums, 8 wire nettings, 9 runoff sand basins, 10 runoff depositing reservoirs, 11 water tanks, 12 mix and blend ponds, 13 water pumps, 14 water pipes.
Embodiment
As shown in Figures 1 to 4, stony desertification mountain resource efficiency utilization Crop Planting Management Agriculture Expert method of the present invention, key is the artificial soilless culture terraced fields of parallel laid multiple row on massif slope, stony desertification mountain area, often arranges about 1 meter, artificial soilless culture terraced fields interval; Below the artificial soilless culture terraced fields at the foot of the hill, water circulation system is set.
Wherein, artificial soilless culture terraced fields, form primarily of multiple Soilless culture trough 3 connected in turn; There is connecting hole 5 at the upper and lower two ends of Soilless culture trough, perforation 6 is left in the outside of corner, bottom surface, connect multiple Soilless culture trough by chain 4 in turn by connecting hole 5, by metal wire 2 from up and down and left and right both direction through the perforation 6 of each Soilless culture trough the anchor metal 1 being fixed on installation in advance or its line; The frame of Soilless culture trough is plastics or metal structure, and the central channel of Soilless culture trough is foaming structure, and osculum 7 is established in central channel bottom surface; Soilless culture trough entirety is in tri-prismoid, and its outerplanar, upper plane and bottom surface are rectangle, and two sides are triangle; Fill out in Soilless culture trough and put matrix, fertilizer long-term cropping.
Water circulation system forms primarily of wire netting, runoff sand basin, runoff depositing reservoir and water tank, wire netting 8, runoff sand basin 9, runoff depositing reservoir 10 is set gradually from top to bottom, the location construction water tank 11 that side is more smooth and mix and blend pond 12 below artificial soilless culture terraced fields; After the water of runoff depositing reservoir and water tank flows to mix and blend pond, add fertilizer and agricultural chemicals, the aqueous solution is evacuated to mountain top again by the water pipe 14 laid above soilless culture terraced fields and shower nozzle with water pump 13, sprays on crop.
Operation principle
Anchor metal plays the effect of being fixed on rock, and chain and metal wire play and be connected each Soilless culture trough and make it be connected and be fixed on anchor metal or its line, conveniently install and use; Soilless culture trough makes primarily of lighter foamed material, thus load onto matrix and after planting upper crop gross weight little, therefore without the need to each cultivating groove is individually fixed on anchor metal; The central channel of foam and mesostroma thereof can use for many years, and also replaceable rear continuation uses, and does not need the frame structure changing soilless culture terraced fields, easy to use; On Soilless culture trough, plane keeps level, can make full use of the resources such as the light warm water gas heat of precipitous tor and carry out soilless culture; About 1 meter of wide passage is stayed to be used as the passageway of farming operation between each row soilless culture terraced fields; Wire netting can stop that stalk, matrix, gravelstone are first-class and enter runoff sand basin, and runoff sand basin can make sediment deposition.
Install and use process
From the hilltop to the foot of the hill every several meters of borings, vertically insert anchor metal, cement injection is fixed, and installs another row anchor metal equally at 1.5-2 rice, right side, in advance leveling two row anchor metals position and between region; The gradient up and down according to two row anchor metals has Soilless culture trough made to order, plane length on central channel (i.e. the spacing of two row anchor metals) is made to be 1.5-2 rice, width is 0.5-1 rice, and ensure that the upper plane of Soilless culture trough is horizontal, stay about 1 meter of wide position between two row soilless culture terraced fields; The perforation of the both sides, Soilless culture trough top of top is fixed on anchor metal, multiple Soilless culture trough is linked together by the chain between the connecting hole of upper and lower two ends, metal wire through the perforation outside soilless culture groove bottom corner, from up and down and the left and right both direction anchor metal that is fixed on installation in advance or its line; Fill out in Soilless culture trough and put matrix, fertilizer long-term cropping; Passage reserved between two row soilless culture terraced fields is utilized to can be used as the passageway of farming operation.Water circulation system is set below the artificial soilless culture terraced fields at the foot of the hill, below artificial soilless culture terraced fields, sets gradually wire netting, runoff sand basin, runoff depositing reservoir from top to bottom, the location construction water tank that side is more smooth and mix and blend pond; After the water of runoff depositing reservoir and water tank flows to mix and blend pond, add fertilizer and agricultural chemicals, the aqueous solution is evacuated to mountain top again by the water pipe laid above soilless culture terraced fields and shower nozzle with water pump, sprays on crop.
Application example
In the severe stony desertification mountain area of the northwestward, Guangxi, have a precipitous tor, the first half gradient of massif is 45 degree, and the latter half is 30 degree.From the hilltop to the foot of the hill every 3 meters of borings (comprising the corner of slope change), insert anchor metal, cement injection is fixed, same on right side 1.5 meters another row anchor metal is installed everywhere, (the Soilless culture trough side of upper half way up the mountain is equilateral right angled triangle to two kinds of Soilless culture troughs customized, the Soilless culture trough side of lower half way up the mountain is inequilateral right angled triangle, lower interior angle is 60 degree, upper interior angle is 30 degree, upper plane length is 1.5 meters, width is 0.5 meter), the position of 0.8 meter wide is stayed between two row soilless culture terraced fields, the perforation of the Soilless culture trough both sides of top is fixed on anchor metal, multiple Soilless culture trough is linked together by chain, metal wire is fixed from upper and lower and left and right both direction by the perforation outside the corner, bottom surface of Soilless culture trough, metal wire two ends are fixed on the anchor metal or its line installed in advance, fill out in Soilless culture trough and put matrix, fertilizer long-term cropping, below the artificial soilless culture terraced fields at the foot of the hill, water circulation system is set, wire netting is set gradually from top to bottom below artificial soilless culture terraced fields, runoff sand basin, runoff depositing reservoir, the location construction water tank that side is more smooth and mix and blend pond, after the water of runoff depositing reservoir and water tank flows to mix and blend pond, add fertilizer and agricultural chemicals, the aqueous solution is evacuated to mountain top again by the water pipe laid above soilless culture terraced fields and shower nozzle with water pump, sprays on crop.
Claims (3)
1. a stony desertification mountain resource efficiency utilization Crop Planting Management Agriculture Expert method, is characterized in that: on stony desertification massif slope, lay artificial soilless culture terraced fields, below the artificial soilless culture terraced fields at the foot of the hill, arrange water circulation system; Described artificial soilless culture terraced fields, primarily of multiple Soilless culture trough composition connected in turn; There is connecting hole at the upper and lower two ends of Soilless culture trough, perforation is left in the outside of corner, bottom surface, connect multiple Soilless culture trough by chain in turn by connecting hole, by metal wire from up and down and left and right both direction through the perforation of each Soilless culture trough the anchor metal being fixed on installation in advance or its line; The frame of Soilless culture trough is plastics or metal structure, and the central channel of Soilless culture trough is foaming structure, and osculum is established in central channel bottom surface; Soilless culture trough entirety is in tri-prismoid, and its outerplanar, upper plane and bottom surface are rectangle, and two sides are triangle; Fill out in Soilless culture trough and put matrix, fertilizer long-term cropping.
2. stony desertification mountain resource efficiency utilization Crop Planting Management Agriculture Expert method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the artificial soilless culture terraced fields of parallel laid multiple row on massif slope, stony desertification mountain area, often arrange about 1 meter, artificial soilless culture terraced fields interval; On described Soilless culture trough, plane length is 1.5-2 rice, and width is 0.5-1 rice.
3. stony desertification mountain resource efficiency utilization Crop Planting Management Agriculture Expert method according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: described water circulation system forms primarily of wire netting, runoff sand basin, runoff depositing reservoir and water tank, wire netting, runoff sand basin, runoff depositing reservoir is set gradually from top to bottom, the location construction water tank that side is more smooth and mix and blend pond below artificial soilless culture terraced fields; After the water of runoff depositing reservoir and water tank flows to mix and blend pond, add fertilizer and agricultural chemicals, the aqueous solution is evacuated to mountain top again by the water pipe laid above soilless culture terraced fields and shower nozzle with water pump, sprays on crop.
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Citations (10)
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CN1570292A (en) * | 2003-07-15 | 2005-01-26 | 中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所 | Surface afforestation method for anchor spraying construction slopes |
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CN2825747Y (en) * | 2005-08-24 | 2006-10-11 | 中国水电顾问集团华东勘测设计研究院 | Vegetation planting trough for slope ecology management |
CN101818499A (en) * | 2010-03-05 | 2010-09-01 | 深圳市如茵生态环境建设有限公司 | Revegetation system on steep rocky slopes and implementing method thereof |
CN101831914A (en) * | 2010-04-23 | 2010-09-15 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Method for protecting and greening rocky side slope |
CN202035361U (en) * | 2011-02-28 | 2011-11-16 | 湖北鄂蔬农业科技有限公司 | Portable soilless culture tank of mountain vegetables capable of slope movement |
CN202890135U (en) * | 2012-09-26 | 2013-04-24 | 路域生态工程有限公司 | Connected planting slot device |
CN203040337U (en) * | 2012-11-10 | 2013-07-10 | 湖南壹叶都市农业发展有限公司 | Slope type plant planting device |
CN203226104U (en) * | 2013-05-16 | 2013-10-09 | 北京绿之源生态科技有限公司 | Slope vegetation maintenance water saving system |
CN203514396U (en) * | 2013-10-22 | 2014-04-02 | 浙江省风景园林设计院有限公司 | Slope rainwater collecting and recycling system |
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2014
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Patent Citations (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN1570292A (en) * | 2003-07-15 | 2005-01-26 | 中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所 | Surface afforestation method for anchor spraying construction slopes |
JP2005325661A (en) * | 2004-05-12 | 2005-11-24 | Landscape Tamaki:Kk | Slope weed preventive appliance and slope greening method |
CN2825747Y (en) * | 2005-08-24 | 2006-10-11 | 中国水电顾问集团华东勘测设计研究院 | Vegetation planting trough for slope ecology management |
CN101818499A (en) * | 2010-03-05 | 2010-09-01 | 深圳市如茵生态环境建设有限公司 | Revegetation system on steep rocky slopes and implementing method thereof |
CN101831914A (en) * | 2010-04-23 | 2010-09-15 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Method for protecting and greening rocky side slope |
CN202035361U (en) * | 2011-02-28 | 2011-11-16 | 湖北鄂蔬农业科技有限公司 | Portable soilless culture tank of mountain vegetables capable of slope movement |
CN202890135U (en) * | 2012-09-26 | 2013-04-24 | 路域生态工程有限公司 | Connected planting slot device |
CN203040337U (en) * | 2012-11-10 | 2013-07-10 | 湖南壹叶都市农业发展有限公司 | Slope type plant planting device |
CN203226104U (en) * | 2013-05-16 | 2013-10-09 | 北京绿之源生态科技有限公司 | Slope vegetation maintenance water saving system |
CN203514396U (en) * | 2013-10-22 | 2014-04-02 | 浙江省风景园林设计院有限公司 | Slope rainwater collecting and recycling system |
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Application publication date: 20150422 |