CN1570292A - Surface afforestation method for anchor spraying construction slopes - Google Patents
Surface afforestation method for anchor spraying construction slopes Download PDFInfo
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- CN1570292A CN1570292A CNA031464580A CN03146458A CN1570292A CN 1570292 A CN1570292 A CN 1570292A CN A031464580 A CNA031464580 A CN A031464580A CN 03146458 A CN03146458 A CN 03146458A CN 1570292 A CN1570292 A CN 1570292A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/22—Improving land use; Improving water use or availability; Controlling erosion
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/40—Afforestation or reforestation
Abstract
This invention is one kind of anchor spurts the structure side slope surface afforestation method, including following step: To side slope carries on according to the design excavates, build anchor rod (or anchor cable) and side slope freeing port; In the top of slope and the base of slope fixed turfing tube, and side slope the freeing port and the turfing tube oral area will wrap; Lays down the steel after the excavating slope face (or iron) the silk screen, the shotcrete, except freeing port and turfing tube oral area package material; And fixedly afforests the trough or the suspension type afforestation trough in side slope the superficial establishment;In the turfing tube, afforests the trough, in the suspension type afforestation trough cooperation type afforestation trough adds the nutrition earth, plants the plant or the grass which prearranges plant, and the pouring sails upstream; Will concern the ground water, in the surface water or top of slope water tank Shui Yinzhi will afforest the trough, the suspension type afforestation trough or sitting afforests the trough. This invention not only can cause the anchor to spurt the afforestation which the structure side slope the surface obtains arrives very much, but also cannot harm the anchor to spurt the structure the quality, causes reinforcement function which its maintenance should have.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method for greening side slope, relate in particular to a kind of anchor spray structure side slope surface greening method.
Background technology
The excavation of side slope and reinforcing are a kind of geotechnical engineerings that forms for certain engineering construction purpose (for example build power station, surface mining, build railway or highway etc.).Because the sloping body of side slope is made of the rock mass or the soil body, and geotechnical body not only has very complicated material composition and physico-mechanical properties, but also is in equally among very complicated seepage field, the stress field environment.When carrying out hand excavation, rainfall (particularly heavy rain), human-generated explosives or earthquake takes place, the degree of stability of side slope will descend to some extent.Unstability will take place in sloping under certain condition body, and may cause landslide disaster.
Be the generation that prevents to come down, engineers often needs to take various suitable reinforcement measures according to actual conditions when carrying out the side slope design, sprays structure, draining, cuts slope etc. as antislide pile, anchor beam, anchor.In various slope reinforcement measures, anchor spray structure (by a kind of reinforcement measure using and form of uniting of anchor pole or anchor cable, linked network, sprayed mortar etc.) is because of having preferably consolidation effect and both economically obtaining quite general application.
Though anchor spray structure makes the side slope of excavation obtain reinforcing, cause the lifeless grey of a slice because of not even a blade of grass grows on the sprayed mortar surface.According to the viewpoint of sustainable development and environmental protection, continue to adopt this anchor spray structure to come reinforcing side slope, just must solve the ecological disruption problem that it causes well.Obviously, one of best solution is afforested the sprayed mortar surface exactly.Up to now, seldom about anchor spray structure side slope surface research of afforesting and the paper of being delivered.Below will introduce 3 kinds of relevant existing greening methods.
(1) soil layer greening quilt
One deck nutrition soil is clipped in two has just constituted the greening quilt that accompanies the soil layer band between the braiding nets well in advance, be i.e. soil layer greening quilt.When side slope need be afforested, make soil layer greening quilt by dimensional requirement earlier, and previously selected grass seeds in soil layer, planting, move to rolling the scene then to.From top to bottom the soil layer greening is laid on the side slope face that needs greening, waters water after fixing and get final product.
For height with the gradient is all little and domatic more smooth side slope, it is a good greening technique that soil layer is afforested.But this greening technique also is not suitable for adopting anchor to spray the side slope of structural strengthening, the reasons are as follows accordingly:
(a) the soil layer greening is not suitable for steeper anchor spray structure side slope.After being absorbed water by interior soil particle, the soil layer greening can around it, form the part Free water.The lubrication of Free water progressively moves down part soil particle and nutrition under action of gravity, the result makes greening be occurred withered and yellow or sparse phenomenon by the grass on top because of the deficiency of moisture, soil or nutrition.When side slope was steep, gravity was bigger to the moving influence of water, soil and nutriment.
(b) the soil layer greening is not suitable for domatic irregular anchor spray structure side slope.Owing to the ability that is not had to support oneself of soil layer greening quilt own, require side slope face to be afforested comparatively smooth, and anchor spray the domatic smooth inadequately of structure side slope, unless the more funds of cost are done meticulousr construction, be bound to like this and will raise the cost.
(c) floristics of suitable soil layer greening quilt is more single.Soil layer greening quilt generally only is fit to the very little and elongated straw or like vegetable of plantation, and greening vine plants commonly used such as very difficult suitable Boston ivy.
(2) prefabricated section greening side slope technology
This technology utilization does not have the characteristics of husky coarse porous concrete, macromolecular material such as admixture part acidic polymer and polypropylene fiber therein, and it is prefabricated into piece, mixed materials such as filling peat, seed, slow release fertilizer, water-loss reducer in the building block hole simultaneously, and with the top layer of string oversite concrete.Behind the environment that creates suitable plant growing, the germination growth can form the plant quilt.
From on-the-spot afforestation effect, the slope height and the gradient that can utilize prefabricated section to reinforce are all less, and domatic also need comparatively smooth.So this greening technique can not be moved to simply on the anchor spray structure side slope surface.In addition, prefabricated section greening side slope technology can only be suitable for planting the less straw or like vegetable of plant.
(3) green shotcrete layer
This greening technique or in concrete grout, add pigment, or add at the sprayed mortar laminar surface and to smear green mortar.In fact this can not reach greening truly, because the green of green that plant presented and pigment difference to some extent after all.In addition, when arrive autumn, green concrete or green mortar will seem very inharmonious under the contrast of natural environment around.
Can find that by above analysis and a large amount of investigation the method that really is used for the surface greening of anchor spray structure side slope is still unresolved so far.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to still unresolved good greening problem in the side slope of anchor spray structural strengthening, a greening method easy to implement and comparatively economic that has proposed to constitute by multiple greening installation.This greening method not only makes anchor spray structure side slope surface well be afforested, and sprays the quality of structure and the stability of side slope because plant of being planted and anchor spray structure are separated and can have influence on anchor.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of anchor spray structure side slope surface greening method comprises following key step:
(1) according to design side slope is excavated, laid anchor pole (or anchor cable) and slope drainage hole;
(2) wrap up at Po Ding and the fixing grass planting pipe in the end, slope, and with the oral area of slope drainage hole and grass planting pipe;
(3) domatic laying steel wire or the wire gauze behind excavation, sprayed mortar is removed the lapping of drain hole and grass planting spout part then;
(4) on the side slope surface, be provided with and fix greening basin or hanging greening groove;
(5) also holder formula greening groove is set on the step of side slope or the trail of constructing;
(6) in grass planting pipe, greening basin, hanging greening groove and seat formula greening groove, fill out nutrition soil, plant or grass seeds that plantation is predetermined, and water water;
(7) relevant underground water or surface water are caused greening basin, hanging greening groove or seat formula greening groove.
Be inserted with fiber bundle in the drain hole and extend to outside the drain hole.The grass planting pipe that is fixed in the top, slope is for there being end grass planting pipe.The grass planting pipe that is fixed in the end, slope is for having end grass planting pipe or not having end grass planting pipe.The tubular container of end grass planting pipe for the bottom lock that is made by resistant material arranged, and the diameter of container finish is big and be horn-like; The bottom open tubular container of grass planting pipe of the no end for being made by resistant material, the diameter of container finish is big and be horn-like.
The basin that by side slope configuration of surface design of greening basin for being made by resistant material, container has an oral area that is open upwards, and plays the rear wall of fixation and the braced wing that is used for fixing and supports the greening basin that stretches out to left and right and below along rear wall; The groove shape container of hanging greening groove for being made by resistant material, upper and lower and the left and right side of container rear wall has being used for fixing of stretching out and supports the braced wing of greening groove, has a plurality of perpendicular to cell body and be used to improve the support bar or the gripper shoe of greening groove intensity in the container; The flat-bottom slot shape container of seat formula greening groove for being made by resistant material has a plurality of perpendicular to cell body and be used to improve the diaphragm of greening groove intensity in the container.A plurality of steel (or iron) aperture that pass that are embedded in the shotcrete layer that make are arranged on the braced wing of greening basin and hanging greening groove.The diaphragm of seat formula greening groove is a hollow, and the part of hollow is positioned at the latter half of diaphragm, so that trough inner water divides and the exchange of nutrition.On the rear wall of greening basin, hanging greening groove and seat formula greening groove, can reserve the hole that aperture, slope drainage hole can be inserted rear wall.
For the greening basin that closes on drain hole, hanging greening groove or seat formula greening groove, it directly can be fixed on the drain hole aperture under, also the aperture of drain hole directly can be inserted in it from the hole that greening basin, hanging greening groove or seat formula are afforested on the groove rear wall, make fiber bundle in order and imbed greening basin, hanging greening groove or seat formula greening groove in nutrition soil in so that the water in the sloping body is introduced greening basin, hanging greening groove or seat formula greening groove; For afforesting groove away from the greening basin of drain hole, hanging greening groove or seat formula, drain hole and need the greening basin of water, hanging greening groove or seat formula greening groove between lay the fiber aqueduct so that the water in the sloping body is caused greening basin, hanging greening groove or seat formula greening groove.
The flexible aqueduct of fiber aqueduct for being made by resistant material, the fiber bundle of being made up of many long fibres is equipped with in inside, and an end is connected with the water receiving horn mouth, and the other end is a delivery port; The water receiving horn mouth of fiber aqueduct is positioned at the below in slope drainage hole, delivery port be positioned at need the greening of water basin, seat formula greening groove or hanging greening groove directly over, mid portion covers it fully with mortar.The long fibre of forming fiber bundle in the fiber aqueduct can adopt diameter to be about elongated nylon yarn about φ 0.5mm.
Anchor spray structure side slope surface greening method also is included in the step that the water tank that is used to supply water is installed at the side slope top.The box-shaped container of water tank for making by resistant material, tank top is useful on removes sedimentary pouring mouth, pouring flap and leaking hole in the water tank, the upper lateral part of water tank has a water inlet, and the water tank side lower part has a plurality of delivery ports, can arrange on the water tank that adds a water display unit.The top of water tank is recessed, and leaking hole is positioned at the recess of described tank top; The bottom of water tank tilts to the direction of delivery port, and the position of delivery port then is in a minimum side; Be connected with in one section at the delivery port place and fill in fibre pipe; Be connected with on the water inlet of water tank and lead to water inlet pipe at a distance.The one section flexible pipe that between delivery port and interior plug fibre pipe, is provided with.
What add that the water display unit can be arranged on a corner of water tank adds the water indicator.Add the water indicator and comprise float that is arranged in the described water tank and the last fixed electrode that links to each other with float, go up traveling electrode, play fixed electrode and following traveling electrode, and add water indicator lamp, the indicator lamp of cutting off the water, power supply and switch outside the described water tank.Float descends with the decline of water level in the described water tank, contact with following fixed electrode until the following traveling electrode that links to each other with float, following fixed electrode, down traveling electrode and battery, add water indicator lamp and switch and formed connection circuit after, add the unlatching of water indicator lamp.Along with the rising of water level, the last traveling electrode that links to each other with float contacts with last fixed electrode, last fixed electrode, go up traveling electrode and battery, after cut off the water indicator lamp and switch formed connection circuit, the indicator lamp of cutting off the water unlatching.
Add the water level indicating arm that the water display unit also can be arranged on a corner of water tank.The water level indicating arm comprises float that is arranged in the described water tank and the slide bar that links to each other with float, colored indication cap and is fixed on the outer motionless bar of water tank.Described water level indicating arm need be installed in sighting condition position preferably, so that the water filling car driver observes the height that (estimating or utilize telescope) judges water level in the water tank according to the lifting of slide bar.Fluctuation in stage in the described water tank makes float drive the slide bar lifting, and the eye-catching colour indication cap of top end of sliding rod will be with together lifting of slide bar.Be marked with the mark that is easy to discern with being fixed on water tank top and the motionless bar parallel with slide bar, then can by colour indicate on cap and the motionless bar isolabeling not to recently indicating the water level in the water tank.When sighting condition is relatively poor, can strengthen the height of slide bar and motionless bar simultaneously.
A special greening method that The present invention be directed to common anchor spray structure side slope and propose has following obvious advantage with respect to other greening side slope measures:
(1) existence of every greening installation is sprayed structure (being anchor pole or anchor cable, sprayed mortar etc.) to anchor and the slope ground body does not cause damage basically among the present invention, so that can quality and the slope stability that anchor sprays structure not had a negative impact.Afforest basin, seat formula greening groove, hanging greening groove among the present invention, have nutrition soil, plant in the container such as end grass planting pipe spray structure with anchor and the slope ground body isolated, can prevent oozy some the material damage anchor spray structure of plant and nutrition soil like this, prevent that also plant root growth from may cause the cracking of anchor spray structure or slope ground body.Do not have the end and make wherein nutrition soil and root system of plant have influence on the following geotechnical body of body though there is end grass planting Guan Yin, can not spray structure and slope stability has a negative impact anchor owing to grass planting pipe of the no end only is set on the area milder before the toe.Because the underground water in the sloping body flows through near no end grass planting pipe, can not only not absorb the secreted hazardous substances that goes out of certain underground water and plant and will be sprayed structure from side slope and anchor yet by the underflow band so there is plant in the end grass planting pipe.Certainly, also can change grass planting pipe of the no end end of into grass planting pipe in case of necessity.
(2) the every greening work among the present invention generally all is to carry out on the basis that anchor spray structure construction is finished substantially, and does not need to add any because of greening but diminish the additive of anchor spray structure in sprayed mortar.Thus, the field conduct of this special greening method can not have a negative impact to the construction and the operation of slope project basically.
(3) anchor spray structure side slope surface greening method will be referred to different shape difference, the different container of volume, afforests groove, hanging greening groove, end grass planting pipe, grass planting pipe of the no end etc. are arranged as greening basin, seat formula.Owing to can in these containers, plant various suitable local growing plants (as flower, grass, rattan, even small shrub etc.), so that can make the script sprayed mortar surface that not even a blade of grass grows also can present vivifying view according to design.
(4) in the more area of rainwater, the required moisture of greening installation implants mainly reaches the water of being drawn from side slope inside by slope drainage hole or fiber aqueduct from rainfall.Considering that fiber bundle is led oozes drain hole and fiber aqueduct and can not lose draining or water guide function because silt particle stops up, so that afforests water and can realize long-term automatic supply.In area short of rain, except that can continuing to utilize the inner water of discharging of rainfall and side slope, also can consider to adopt with the oral area design of container less, spread gravel on the surface of nutrition soil, in nutrition soil, add water-loss reducer, various anti-arid measures such as drought-resistant plant that plantation is fit to local growth.
(5) described greening basin, seat formula greening groove, hanging greening groove, end grass planting pipe, grass planting pipe of the no end and all available corrosion resistant plastics manufacturing of fiber aqueduct are arranged, have cheap, not fragile, be easy to advantage such as construction.Considering when carrying out anchor spray structure construction on than the gradient slope face all needs scaffold, so that can set up scaffold specially for the construction of slope greening.Can say for certain, utilize this technology to realize that the cost to the surface greening of anchor spray structure side slope is lower.
(6) the most of greening installations among the present invention all have the advantage that is easy to protect.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the principle and the implementation method schematic diagram of anchor spray structure side slope surface greening method;
Fig. 2 is the greening basin structural representation that is used for the surface greening of anchor spray structure side slope;
Fig. 3 is the seat formula greening groove structural representation that is used for the surface greening of anchor spray structure side slope;
Fig. 4 is the hanging greening groove structural representation that is used for the surface greening of anchor spray structure side slope;
Fig. 5 is fiber aqueduct structure and the application process schematic diagram that is used for diversion;
Fig. 6 is that the water tank basic structure that is positioned at the top, slope reaches and fiber aqueduct method of attachment schematic diagram;
Fig. 7 adds water indicator basic structure schematic diagram for what whether the indication water tank needed to continue to add water;
Fig. 8 is the water level indicating arm basic structure schematic diagram of water level height in the indication water tank.
The specific embodiment
At first as shown in Figure 1, carry out the excavation construction of side slope 3, adopt anchor spray structure (being the associating of sprayed mortar 2, anchor pole or anchor cable 7 etc.) to reinforce then, and lay fiber bundle and lead and ooze drain hole 4 etc. according to design.Before construction sprayed mortar 2, should reserve the position of end grass planting pipe 1 and no end grass planting pipe 17 by the Greening Design scheme, then by digging shallow bore hole and the method that adds mortar fixedly grass planting pipe 1 and 17 body.For preventing that sprayed mortar 2 from stopping up grass planting pipe 1 and 17, can wrap up their oral area.Leading the aperture of oozing drain hole 4 for fiber bundle also should adopt above-mentioned packaging method to handle.After the construction of finishing sprayed mortar 2, select reasonable time to remove the lapping that is wrapped in end grass planting pipe 1 and grass planting pipe 17 oral areas of the no end.Then, in grass planting pipe 1 and 17, fill out nutrition soil, previously selected plant 5 or vegetable seeds in the plantation, it is just passable to water water.The grass planting pipe of the no end at toe place is tried not too near by gutter 18, in order to avoid the mortar or the concrete guard wall 19 in gutter damaged to some extent.Equally, remove and be wrapped in fiber bundle and lead the lapping that oozes on drain hole 4 oral areas, and each root fiber that will stretch out from the aperture is made in order.When the construction of anchor spray structure was divided into each section, corresponding greening installation also can carry out section construction, and can be utilized as anchor spray structure construction and the scaffold set up.
Fiber bundle is led and is oozed drain hole 4 and have two kinds for the mode that the greening basin supplies water: the first, and drain hole is directly over greening basin 6, and the water of discharge directly splashes into greening basin 6; The second, drain hole is directly from afforesting the nutrition soil in the preformed hole insertion basin on basin 8 rear walls.By the greening scheme that designs in advance, the drain hole 4 that select location is suitable also thereunder fixes greening basin 6.The greening basin 8 that the rear portion is with holes is aimed at the aperture of a certain drain hole, is fixed in corresponding position, and the fiber bundle dish at place, drain hole aperture is beneficial to moisture moving in nutrition soil in nutrition soil 9.
For the ease of installing, greening basin shown in Figure 2 has half rounding frustum shapes of containers 20, and has left and right and the lower support wing (being respectively 21 among Fig. 2,22 and 23).Why taking to be the shape of half rounding frustum, is in order to make the greening basin can be adjacent to the surface of sprayed mortar, to allow the greening basin bigger volume be arranged to hold enough nutrition soil again.As for the left and right and lower support wing of greening basin, to its objective is in order making to add the mortar smeared and can tightly be fixed on the surface of sprayed mortar, and to make it enough support forces afforesting basin.In case of necessity, also can utilize steel (or iron) silk that is embedded in the shotcrete layer and the aperture 24 on the braced wing will afforests basin and tie down, and cover braced wing so that play the effect of reinforcement connection and anti-corrosion with mortar.
When carrying out, generally all can be provided with step that is beneficial to stability of slope or the trail of being convenient to construct etc. by certain altitude than the anchor of high slope spray structure construction.After finishing anchor spray structure construction, can on these horizontal trails, carry out a construction of formula greening groove 10.Seat formula greening groove 10 can be formed by plastics or concrete for making, and is fixed in by mortar or concrete 13 on the horizontal trail of anchor spray structure side slope.The length of seat formula greening groove not only depends on the variation of horizontal trail length and direction, but also needs to consider convenience that makings, installation etc. are constructed and can not be oversize.As shown in Figure 3, in order to guarantee the intensity of strip cell body, in groove, be provided with the diaphragm 11 of a hollow at a certain distance.The profile of diaphragm is identical with the shape of side section in the cell body, and the part 12 of its hollow is usually located at its latter half, is beneficial to the exchange of trough inner water branch and nutrition.
If anchor spray structure side slope surface does not exist horizontal trail or limited amount, then can select hanging greening groove 15 for use.Certainly, in the Greening Design of an anchor spray body structure surface, can use a formula greening groove 10 and a hanging greening groove 15 simultaneously.Because the cell body of hanging greening groove 15 generally can be very not long, so can adapt to rough sprayed mortar surface well.For improving the intensity of hanging greening groove 15 itself, support cell body with support bar or gripper shoe 14 every a segment distance.One section hanging greening groove making in advance is close on the sprayed mortar surface that is wiped with mortar, to be embedded in steel (or iron) silk in the shotcrete layer then and pass aperture 24 on the upper and lower, left and right braced wing (being respectively 25 among Fig. 4,23,21 and 22) of greening groove respectively, and fasten.For further fixing hanging greening groove and protecting steel (or iron) silk, can spread mortar again on the surface of each braced wing not by corrosion.In addition, if used the bigger hanging greening groove 15 of volume, also can add below the groove and smear mortar or concrete 16 further supports cell body in greening.
As shown in Figure 5, after container construction that greening basin 6 and 8, seat formula greening groove 10, hanging greening groove 15 etc. are used for serike finishes, can cause the greening point that needs water with the water that fiber aqueduct 28 is discharged slope drainage hole 4.The length of fiber aqueduct 28 and route will be decided by the position and the domatic form of greening point and drain hole 4, and a side that is used for water receiving is connected with a water receiving horn mouth 27, and directly over a side of water outlet is positioned at that greening puts.Generally install according to the following steps and anchoring fiber aqueduct 28: at first, make the fiber aqueduct 28 that is of convenient length, and connect water receiving horn mouth 27; Then, with steel (or iron) silk and the mortar 30 that are embedded in the shotcrete layer 2 route of fiber aqueduct by design fixed, wherein water receiving horn mouth 27 be positioned at drain hole 4 apertures under, and the delivery port 29 of fiber aqueduct 28 just in time be positioned at greening point directly over.Be further protection and anchoring fiber aqueduct 28, available mortar 30 covers it fully.
As shown in Figure 6, when the water of discharging by rainfall and slope drainage hole in the arid area still is not enough to kind of living plant, can consider a water tank to be set on the top, slope.For fixing and protection water tank, can build a protection seat 31 by laying bricks or stones at preposition, its specification should be according to the bottom of water tank and the size of sidewall 42.In order to prevent corrosion, can consider to adopt plastics or reinforced concrete to make water tank.For compiling rainwater, reduce evaporation and preventing that foreign matter from entering water tank, the surface of water tank top board 38 is slightly recessed to the centre, and at recess a scupper 39 is arranged.The water tank top board is provided with pouring mouth 41 and the corresponding lid 40 that is used for the scavenger precipitation thing.In order to make full use of the water in the water tank when the insufficient water sources, the bottom of water tank should be slightly tilts to the direction of delivery port 32, and the position of delivery port 32 then is in a minimum side.Cause unnecessary waste for preventing that current in the water tank from getting too soon, can consider to connect plug fibre pipe 35 in a section, so that make " flowing water " become " dripping " at delivery port 32 places.Obviously, the height of water level in kind, tight ness rating and the water tank of the internal diameter of delivery port 32 speed of dripping and interior plug fibre pipe 35, length, interior plug fiber etc. all has relation.For plug fibre pipe 35 in the condition of not wasting water can be changed easily, one section flexible pipe 33 and one section hard tube 34 of setting between the delivery port 32 of water tank and interior plug fibre pipe 35.Can not be wasted for each is dripped, the horn mouth 27 of interior plug fibre pipe 35 and fiber aqueduct is nested together (for the purpose of clear, Fig. 6 only draw one of them), and it be fastened with nylon rope 36 with nylon jacket 37.Except adopting manual type to come feed tank to add the water, can also use special water filling car.In order to make the water filling car driver understand the water level situation that is positioned at sloping top upper water box, developed two kinds of devices that are used for indicating whether need continue to add water specially: a kind of is that the mode of utilizing float 51 to connect circuit in the lifting that adds the water process indicates whether need continue to add water, promptly adds water indicator (seeing Fig. 7 a-Fig. 7 c); Another kind of then be to utilize the lifting of float 51 in adding the water process to drive the height that the slide bar 67 lead to outside the water tank is indicated water level in the water tank, i.e. water level indicating arm (see figure 8).For ease of concrete application, now do some simple introductions respectively.
When concrete the application, the mechanical part that adds the water indicator can be installed in a corner of water tank, and it be fixed on the water tank bottom plate 58 by the fixing hole on the base 57 56.Shown in Fig. 7 a, float 51 is in the chamber of being made up of sleeve 45 and base 57, and chamber is separated by median septum 52, only leaves the vertical slit in a place 47 so that door the moving up and down of font frame.Chamber is logical by the intercommunicating pore 59 and the water in the water tank of sleeve 45 downsides.Float 51 can drive the door font frame 50 that is attached thereto, last traveling electrode 48, upper spring and spring storehouse 49, following traveling electrode 54, lower spring and spring storehouse 53, and vertical slit 47 moves up and down in the buoyancy lower edge can to make a font frame 50.Fig. 7 b and Fig. 7 c have provided circuit diagram and the hand-held display that adds the water indicator respectively.Along with the decline gradually of water level in the water tank, float 51 also descends thereupon and the following traveling electrode 54 that finally causes linking to each other with float contacts with following fixed electrode 55.With electrode contact 61 respectively with following fixed electrode 55 with after following traveling electrode 54 is connected, following fixed electrode 55, traveling electrode 54 has formed a circuit with battery 63, green light 62 (promptly adding the water indicator lamp) and switch 65 in the hand-held display down.After opening switch 65, this circuit is switched on and makes green light 62 to brighten, i.e. expression need add water.Along with the rising of water level, the last traveling electrode 48 that links to each other with float 51 contacts with last fixed electrode 46.Electrode contact 61 and last fixed electrode 46 with after last traveling electrode 48 is connected, last fixed electrode 46, is gone up traveling electrode 48 and formed a circuit with battery 63, red light 64 (indicator lamp of promptly cutting off the water) and switch 65 in the hand-held display.After opening switch 65, this circuit is switched on and makes red light 64 to brighten, and represents that promptly the water in the water tank is full.Thus, the water inlet pipe 44 that is connected on the lead 60 that links to each other with four electrodes 61 and the water tank inlet 43 can be extended to the roadside, and the water filling car driver is carrying hand-held display and just can finish and add the water task.
If use the water level indicating arm to indicate the interior water level height of water tank, then need it is installed in sighting condition position preferably, so that the water filling car driver observes the height that (estimating or utilize telescope) judges water level in the water tank according to the lifting of slide bar.As shown in Figure 8, the installation steps of water level indicating arm are: with fixedly screw or Luo bar 71 are fixed on sleeve pipe base 74 on the water tank bottom plate 58; Sleeve pipe 73 is put into water tank from the hole that water tank top board 38 is reserved, and with the aligned in position of sleeve pipe base; After float 51, slide bar 67, soft dirt-proof boot 69, colored indication cap 66, motionless bar 68 connected with fixed cap 72, float 51 is put into sleeve pipe 73; With fixedly screw or Luo bar 71 are fixed on fixed cap 72 on the water tank top board 38.When adding water in the feed tank, water enters sleeve pipe 73 by intercommunicating pore 59.The rising of water level makes float 51 drive slide bar 67 along chute 70 risings in the sleeve pipe 73, and the eye-catching colour indication cap 66 in slide bar 67 tops will be with together lifting of slide bar 67.Be inserted on the fixed cap and the motionless bar 68 parallel with slide bar 67 on put on the mark that is easy to discern, then can by colour indicate mark on cap 66 and the motionless bar 68 to recently indicating the water level in the water tank.When sighting condition is relatively poor, can strengthen the height of slide bar 67 and motionless bar 68 simultaneously.
Claims (10)
1, a kind of anchor spray structure side slope surface greening method comprises following key step:
According to design side slope is excavated, laid anchor pole (or anchor cable) and slope drainage hole;
At Po Ding and the fixing grass planting pipe in the end, slope, and the oral area of slope drainage hole and grass planting pipe wrapped up;
Domatic laying steel (or iron) silk screen behind excavation, sprayed mortar is removed the lapping of drain hole and grass planting spout part then;
On the side slope surface, be provided with and fixing greening basin or hanging greening groove;
On the step of side slope or the trail of constructing, be provided with and holder formula greening groove;
In grass planting pipe, greening basin, hanging greening groove and seat formula greening groove, fill out nutrition soil, plant or grass seeds that plantation is predetermined, and water water;
Relevant underground water or surface water are caused greening basin, hanging greening groove or seat formula greening groove.
2, anchor as claimed in claim 1 spray structure side slope surface greening method is characterized in that: be inserted with fiber bundle in the described slope drainage hole and extend to outside the drain hole.
3, anchor spray structure side slope surface greening method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the described grass planting pipe on top, slope that is fixed in is for there being end grass planting pipe; The described grass planting pipe at the end, slope that is fixed in is for having end grass planting pipe or not having end grass planting pipe; The described tubular container that end grass planting pipe is arranged for the bottom lock that is made by resistant material, the diameter of container finish is big and be horn-like; The bottom open tubular container of grass planting pipe of the described no end for being made by resistant material, the container finish diameter is big and be horn-like.
4, anchor spray structure side slope surface greening method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the basin of described greening basin for being made and designing by the side slope configuration of surface by resistant material, container has an oral area that is open upwards, and plays the rear wall of fixation and the braced wing that is used for fixing and supports the greening basin that stretches out to left and right and below along rear wall; The groove shape container of described hanging greening groove for being made by resistant material, upper and lower and the left and right side of container rear wall has being used for fixing of stretching out and supports the braced wing of greening groove, has a plurality of perpendicular to cell body and be used to improve the support bar or the gripper shoe of greening groove intensity in the container; The flat-bottom slot shape container of described seat formula greening groove for being made by resistant material has a plurality of perpendicular to cell body and be used to improve the diaphragm of greening groove intensity in the container.
5, anchor spray structure side slope surface greening method as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that: a plurality of apertures that are used to fasten are arranged on the braced wing of described greening basin and hanging greening groove; The diaphragm of described seat formula greening groove is a hollow, and the part of hollow is positioned at the latter half of diaphragm, so that trough inner water divides and the exchange of nutrition; The hole that the drain hole oral area can be inserted rear wall can be reserved in described greening basin, hanging greening groove and seat formula greening groove rear portion.
6, as claim 1,2,4 or 5 described anchor spray structure side slope surface greening methods, it is characterized in that: for the greening basin that closes on drain hole, hanging greening groove or seat formula greening groove, it directly can be fixed on the drain hole aperture under, also the aperture of drain hole directly can be inserted in it from the hole that greening basin, hanging greening groove or seat formula are afforested on the groove rear wall, make fiber bundle in order and imbed greening basin, hanging greening groove or seat formula greening groove in nutrition soil in so that the water in the sloping body is introduced greening basin, hanging greening groove or seat formula greening groove; For afforesting groove away from the greening basin of drain hole, hanging greening groove or seat formula, drain hole and need the greening basin of water, hanging greening groove or seat formula greening groove between lay the fiber aqueduct so that the water in the sloping body is caused greening basin, hanging greening groove or seat formula greening groove.
7, anchor spray structure side slope surface greening method as claimed in claim 6, it is characterized in that: the flexible aqueduct of described fiber aqueduct for being made by resistant material, the fiber bundle of being made up of many long fibres is equipped with in inside, one end is connected with the water receiving horn mouth, and the other end is a delivery port; The water receiving horn mouth of fiber aqueduct is positioned at the below in slope drainage hole, delivery port be positioned at need the greening of water basin, seat formula greening groove or hanging greening groove directly over, mid portion covers it fully with mortar.
8, anchor spray structure side slope surface greening method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: described anchor spray structure side slope surface greening method also is included in the step that the water tank that is used to supply water is installed at the side slope top.
9, anchor spray structure side slope surface greening method as claimed in claim 8, it is characterized in that: the box-shaped container of described water tank for making by resistant material, tank top is useful on removes sedimentary pouring mouth, pouring flap and scupper in the water tank, the upper lateral part of water tank has a water inlet, the water tank side lower part has a plurality of delivery ports, can be provided with one on the water tank and add the water display unit; The top board of described water tank is recessed, and described scupper is positioned at the recess of described water tank top board; The base plate of described water tank tilts to the direction of delivery port, and the position of described delivery port then is in a minimum side of water tank bottom plate; Be connected with in one section at described delivery port place and fill in fibre pipe; Be connected with on the water inlet of described water tank and lead to water inlet pipe at a distance.
10, anchor spray structure side slope surface greening method as claimed in claim 9, it is characterized in that: described add the water display unit can be a kind of be arranged on a corner of water tank add the water indicator, add the water indicator comprise be arranged on float in the described water tank and the last fixed electrode that is attached thereto, go up traveling electrode, fixed electrode and following traveling electrode down, and add water indicator lamp, the indicator lamp of cutting off the water, power supply and switch outside the described water tank; Float descends with the decline of water level in the described water tank, contact until the following traveling electrode that links to each other with float and play fixed electrode, following fixed electrode, down traveling electrode and battery, add water indicator lamp and switch and formed connection circuit after, add the unlatching of water indicator lamp; Along with the rising of water level, the last traveling electrode that links to each other with float will contact with last fixed electrode, last fixed electrode, go up traveling electrode and battery, after cut off the water indicator lamp and switch formed connection circuit, the indicator lamp of cutting off the water unlatching.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB031464580A CN1259486C (en) | 2003-07-15 | 2003-07-15 | Surface afforestation method for anchor spraying construction slopes |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB031464580A CN1259486C (en) | 2003-07-15 | 2003-07-15 | Surface afforestation method for anchor spraying construction slopes |
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| CN1570292A true CN1570292A (en) | 2005-01-26 |
| CN1259486C CN1259486C (en) | 2006-06-14 |
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| CNB031464580A Expired - Fee Related CN1259486C (en) | 2003-07-15 | 2003-07-15 | Surface afforestation method for anchor spraying construction slopes |
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| CN100453739C (en) * | 2006-12-18 | 2009-01-21 | 国家环境保护总局华南环境科学研究所 | Method for slope protecting natural simulating ecological constitution and taking account of surface source pollution control |
| CN101831914A (en) * | 2010-04-23 | 2010-09-15 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Method for protecting and greening rocky side slope |
| CN102373692A (en) * | 2011-11-25 | 2012-03-14 | 中国科学院水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所 | Box body lining type mudslide discharging and guiding groove and application and construction method thereof |
| CN103074900A (en) * | 2013-01-07 | 2013-05-01 | 岭南园林股份有限公司 | Ecological restoration method for rocky slope |
| CN103270903A (en) * | 2013-06-07 | 2013-09-04 | 安徽省水利水电勘测设计院 | Ecological planting device |
| CN104452779A (en) * | 2013-09-17 | 2015-03-25 | 中国二十冶集团有限公司 | Slope greening beautifying device and slope greening beautifying method |
| CN104521710A (en) * | 2014-12-17 | 2015-04-22 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所 | Crop cultivation managing method for efficient resource utilization in stony desertification mountainous area |
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| CN105178337A (en) * | 2015-08-20 | 2015-12-23 | 三峡大学 | Side slope ecological protection method combining vegetation nursery grooves with hung-net spray-seeding |
| CN105684698A (en) * | 2016-01-28 | 2016-06-22 | 朱天龙 | Petroleum development well site road greening method |
| CN106818413A (en) * | 2016-12-23 | 2017-06-13 | 西北农林科技大学 | A kind of method of utilization slope underground water irrigated crop |
| CN108243932A (en) * | 2018-03-21 | 2018-07-06 | 合肥雪立歆农业科技有限公司 | A kind of Chinese herbaceous peony and the slope planting technique method of black eye flower |
| CN108755716A (en) * | 2018-07-03 | 2018-11-06 | 东北大学 | A kind of integrated protection administering method of aqueous eugeogenous rock matter bedding rock sloper |
| CN109258322A (en) * | 2018-08-20 | 2019-01-25 | 中国水利水电第十四工程局有限公司 | A kind of interim multiple green construction method of slope plant grass |
| CN109257995A (en) * | 2018-12-03 | 2019-01-25 | 淄博清大粉体材料工程有限公司 | A kind of greening vegetation method of palisades |
| WO2020010529A1 (en) * | 2018-07-09 | 2020-01-16 | 重庆大学产业技术研究院 | Integrated reinforcement method for green ecological slope |
| CN112359849A (en) * | 2020-09-17 | 2021-02-12 | 安徽林海园林绿化股份有限公司 | Ecological restoration method for mine side slope |
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| CN100453739C (en) * | 2006-12-18 | 2009-01-21 | 国家环境保护总局华南环境科学研究所 | Method for slope protecting natural simulating ecological constitution and taking account of surface source pollution control |
| CN101831914A (en) * | 2010-04-23 | 2010-09-15 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Method for protecting and greening rocky side slope |
| CN102373692A (en) * | 2011-11-25 | 2012-03-14 | 中国科学院水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所 | Box body lining type mudslide discharging and guiding groove and application and construction method thereof |
| CN103074900A (en) * | 2013-01-07 | 2013-05-01 | 岭南园林股份有限公司 | Ecological restoration method for rocky slope |
| CN103270903A (en) * | 2013-06-07 | 2013-09-04 | 安徽省水利水电勘测设计院 | Ecological planting device |
| CN104452779B (en) * | 2013-09-17 | 2016-08-17 | 中国二十冶集团有限公司 | A kind of Slope greening beautifying apparatus and beautification method |
| CN104452779A (en) * | 2013-09-17 | 2015-03-25 | 中国二十冶集团有限公司 | Slope greening beautifying device and slope greening beautifying method |
| CN104521710A (en) * | 2014-12-17 | 2015-04-22 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所 | Crop cultivation managing method for efficient resource utilization in stony desertification mountainous area |
| CN104770270A (en) * | 2015-04-17 | 2015-07-15 | 三峡大学 | Shrub planting method in slope protection and seedling protecting cover thereof |
| CN105178337A (en) * | 2015-08-20 | 2015-12-23 | 三峡大学 | Side slope ecological protection method combining vegetation nursery grooves with hung-net spray-seeding |
| CN105684698A (en) * | 2016-01-28 | 2016-06-22 | 朱天龙 | Petroleum development well site road greening method |
| CN106818413A (en) * | 2016-12-23 | 2017-06-13 | 西北农林科技大学 | A kind of method of utilization slope underground water irrigated crop |
| CN108243932A (en) * | 2018-03-21 | 2018-07-06 | 合肥雪立歆农业科技有限公司 | A kind of Chinese herbaceous peony and the slope planting technique method of black eye flower |
| CN108755716A (en) * | 2018-07-03 | 2018-11-06 | 东北大学 | A kind of integrated protection administering method of aqueous eugeogenous rock matter bedding rock sloper |
| WO2020010529A1 (en) * | 2018-07-09 | 2020-01-16 | 重庆大学产业技术研究院 | Integrated reinforcement method for green ecological slope |
| CN109258322A (en) * | 2018-08-20 | 2019-01-25 | 中国水利水电第十四工程局有限公司 | A kind of interim multiple green construction method of slope plant grass |
| CN109257995A (en) * | 2018-12-03 | 2019-01-25 | 淄博清大粉体材料工程有限公司 | A kind of greening vegetation method of palisades |
| CN112359849A (en) * | 2020-09-17 | 2021-02-12 | 安徽林海园林绿化股份有限公司 | Ecological restoration method for mine side slope |
| CN114197498A (en) * | 2021-12-27 | 2022-03-18 | 中国长江三峡集团有限公司 | Prefabricated assembly type highway soil slope reinforcing structure and construction method thereof |
| CN114868499A (en) * | 2022-06-16 | 2022-08-09 | 湖北省鄂东南基础工程有限公司 | Mining area side slope three-dimensional greening ecological restoration device and method thereof |
| CN114868499B (en) * | 2022-06-16 | 2023-07-28 | 湖北省鄂东南基础工程有限公司 | Mining area side slope three-dimensional greening ecological restoration device and method thereof |
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Owner name: BEIJING SHUNTIAN LUSEBIANPO TECHNOLOGY CO., LTD. Free format text: FORMER OWNER: INST OF GEOLOGY AND GEOPHYSICS, CHINESE ACADEMY OF SCIENCES Effective date: 20081107 |
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Effective date of registration: 20081107 Address after: No. 4, unit 1, lotus garden, No. 204, Beijing, Haidian District Patentee after: BEIJING SHUNTIAN GREEN SIDE SLOPE TECHNOLOGY CO., LTD. Address before: Beijing City, Qi Jia Huo Zi Chinese Science Institute of Geology and Geophysics Patentee before: Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences |
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