CN109315237B - Method for greening high and steep rocky slope of mine - Google Patents
Method for greening high and steep rocky slope of mine Download PDFInfo
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- CN109315237B CN109315237B CN201811326808.3A CN201811326808A CN109315237B CN 109315237 B CN109315237 B CN 109315237B CN 201811326808 A CN201811326808 A CN 201811326808A CN 109315237 B CN109315237 B CN 109315237B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000004746 geotextile Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000003621 irrigation water Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000219098 Parthenocissus Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009194 climbing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011150 reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009991 scouring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G25/00—Watering gardens, fields, sports grounds or the like
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/02—Receptacles, e.g. flower-pots or boxes; Glasses for cultivating flowers
- A01G9/022—Pots for vertical horticulture
- A01G9/025—Containers and elements for greening walls
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
- Pit Excavations, Shoring, Fill Or Stabilisation Of Slopes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for greening a high and steep rocky slope of a mine, which comprises the following steps: putting the side slope into a slope according to the stable slope angle; the method comprises the following steps that a slope top is excavated to form a slope top intercepting ditch, a slope toe is excavated to form a slope drainage ditch, a slope surface is excavated to form a slope planting groove, the upper end and the lower end of the slope surface planting groove are respectively connected with the slope top intercepting ditch and the slope toe drainage ditch, an inserting groove is formed in the slope surface planting groove, the slope surface drainage ditch is excavated on the slope surface, an overflow port is formed in the slope top intercepting ditch, the upper end of the slope surface drainage ditch is connected with the overflow port, and the lower end of the slope surface drainage ditch is connected with the slope toe drainage; inserting prefabricated partition boards into the slots of the slope planting grooves respectively to form soil containing grooves between the upper surfaces of the prefabricated partition boards and the slope planting grooves; filling planting soil in each soil containing groove; planting various vegetations on the planting soil in the soil containing grooves. The invention reduces the construction difficulty and the construction cost, solves the problem of natural irrigation of vegetation on the slope surface, and simultaneously reduces the influence of load, rainwater and irrigation water on the stability of the slope.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of slope ecological restoration, in particular to a method for greening a mine high and steep rocky slope.
Background
Along with the adjustment of the structure of Chinese economy in the direction from the heavy quantity to the quality improvement quantity, the traditional method for recovering and greening the mine site full-mesh woollen and brownish woollen and brownish can be achieved by innovating and improving a greening scheme according to local conditions.
For a hard geological rock slope, the greening method of the slope mainly comprises two methods: one of the methods is to plant plants only on a slope or under the slope (such as Chinese patent CN104196040B), the slope is only covered by the random growth of climbing plants at the foot of the slope, the time is long, and the effect is not ideal; the other method is that a flower bed is arranged on the slope surface of the side slope, the flower bed is fixed on the slope surface through anchor pulling or cast-in-place and the like, soil is filled in the flower bed (such as Chinese patents CN1570292, CN204305674U, CN207392215U and the like), the construction difficulty is high, the construction cost is high, in addition, the load of the flower bed is concentrated and falls on the slope surface of the side slope, and in addition, rainwater and irrigation water of the flower bed flow down along the slope surface in disorder and overflow, the influence on the stability of the side slope is great.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a method for greening a high and steep rock slope of a mine, which is used for reducing the construction difficulty and the construction cost, solving the problem of natural irrigation of vegetation on the slope surface and simultaneously reducing the influence of load, rainwater and irrigation water on the stability of the slope.
The invention provides a method for greening a mine high and steep rocky side slope, which comprises the following steps:
step S1: putting the side slope into a slope according to the stable slope angle;
step S2: excavating a slope top intercepting drain along the slope top of the side slope, excavating a slope toe drainage ditch along the slope toe of the side slope, excavating a plurality of rows of slope planting grooves on the slope surface between the slope top intercepting drain and the slope toe drainage ditch, wherein the upper end and the lower end of each slope planting groove are respectively connected with the slope top intercepting drain and the slope toe drainage ditch, slots are formed in the slope planting grooves at certain intervals, the outer ends of the slots extend upwards in an inclined manner along the direction away from the side slope, a plurality of rows of slope drainage ditches are excavated on the slope surface between the slope top intercepting drain and the slope toe drainage ditch, overflow ports are formed in the slope top intercepting drain corresponding to the slope drainage ditches, the upper ends of the slope drainage ditches are connected with the overflow ports, and the lower ends of the slope drainage ditches are connected with the slope toe drainage ditches;
step S3: inserting prefabricated partition plates into the slots of the slope planting grooves respectively, wherein the inner ends of the prefabricated partition plates abut against the bottoms of the slope planting grooves, and the prefabricated partition plates are transversely partitioned in the slope planting grooves, so that soil containing grooves are formed between the upper surfaces of the prefabricated partition plates and the slope planting grooves;
step S4: filling planting soil in each soil containing groove, wherein the planting soil filled in the soil containing groove at the top end of the slope planting groove seals the joint of the slope top intercepting drain and the slope planting groove;
step S5: and planting various vegetations on the planting soil in each soil containing groove.
Firstly, a slope planting groove is excavated on the slope, and a row of soil containing grooves are formed on the slope in a mode of installing prefabricated partition plates in the slope planting groove, compared with the traditional mode of directly pouring flower stands on the slope or fixing the flower stands on the slope through anchor rods, the method is more convenient to construct and lower in construction cost, the slope planting grooves are vertically arranged, the load is dispersedly transferred into a slope body from top to bottom through the prefabricated partition plates, the whole stress condition is good, and the influence of the additional load of the flower stands and the planting soil on the slope stability is reduced; secondly, during raining, the rainwater on the mountain flows into the top of the slope intercepting ditch, flow into the domatic escape canal from the overflow mouth of top of the slope intercepting ditch again, row to the toe escape canal of the slope is arranged to the rethread domatic escape canal, can prevent like this that the rainwater from causing the erodeing to domatic, the influence of rainwater to side slope stability has been reduced, and simultaneously, top of the slope intercepting ditch can also be impounded, water in the top of the slope intercepting ditch oozes from the top down along the domatic escape canal, the natural irrigation problem of domatic upward vegetation has been solved, the vegetation survival rate is higher, irrigate the orderly seepage flow of water top-down, can not influence the rock mass at other positions of side slope, it is.
Further, the step a1 is further included between the step S3 and the step S4: and laying geotextile in the soil containing groove. Through laying geotechnological cloth in flourishing soil box, can prevent that the planting soil in the flourishing soil box from the gap loss between prefabricated baffle and the domatic planting groove.
Further, the step B1 is further included between the step S2 and the step S3: and plastic drainage plates are laid along the slope planting grooves and attached to the bottoms of the slope planting grooves. The plastic drainage plate has the effect of guiding seepage water, and the plastic drainage plate is laid at the tank bottom of the slope planting tank, so that the seepage effect of irrigation water can be improved, even if planting soil close to a toe can be well irrigated, and compared with the traditional seepage pipe and the irrigation mode of drip irrigation pipes, the cost of the plastic drainage plate is lower, and the construction is also more convenient.
Further, in the step S1, when the slope is high, the slope is set to be a stepped slope.
Further, in the step S2, the slope planting troughs are arranged in parallel at a distance of 5m to 10 m.
Further, in the step S3, the inclination angle α of the prefabricated partition board is between 10 ° and 45 °.
Further, the vegetation planted in step S5 is creeper.
Further, in step S4, the planting soil is filled by throwing with a guide pipe or spraying with a high pressure machine from top to bottom.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly described below. Throughout the drawings, similar devices or portions are generally identified by similar reference numerals. In the drawings, the various devices or portions are not necessarily drawn to scale.
FIG. 1 is a top view of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view A-A of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view B-B of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a soil accommodating tank according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the installation of a prefabricated partition panel according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In the drawings, 1 denotes a side slope; 2 represents a slope top intercepting ditch; 21 denotes an overflow port; 3 represents a toe drain ditch; 4, a slope planting groove; 41 denotes a slot; 5, slope drainage ditches; 6 denotes a prefabricated partition; 7 represents planting soil; 8 denotes vegetation; 9 represents a geotextile; and 10, a plastic drain board.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following examples are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly, and therefore are only examples, and the protection scope of the patent is not limited thereby.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, embodiment 1 of the present invention provides a method for greening a high and steep rocky slope of a mine, including the following steps:
step S1: the side slope 1 is set to be slope according to a stable slope angle, and when the side slope 1 is higher, the side slope 1 adopts step-by-step multi-level slope setting;
step S2: excavating a slope top intercepting ditch 2 along the top of the side slope 1, excavating a slope toe drainage ditch 3 along the toe of the side slope 1, excavating a plurality of rows of slope planting grooves 4 on the slope surface between the slope top intercepting ditch 2 and the toe drainage ditch 3, arranging the slope planting grooves 4 in parallel at a distance of 5m-10m, respectively connecting the upper end and the lower end of each slope planting groove 4 to the slope top intercepting ditch 2 and the toe drainage ditch 3, arranging slots 41 (or reserving ridges) in the slope planting grooves 4 at a certain distance, wherein the depth of the slot (ridge) is not less than 50mm), extending the outer ends of the slots 41 in an upward inclined manner along the direction far away from the side slope 1, excavating a plurality of rows of slope drainage ditches 5 on the slope surface between the slope top intercepting ditch 2 and the toe drainage ditch 3, arranging overflow ports 21 on the slope top intercepting ditch 2 corresponding to the slope drainage ditches 5, connecting the upper ends of the slope drainage ditches 5 with the overflow ports 21, connecting the lower ends of the slope drainage ditches 5 to the slope drainage ditches 3, when the side slope 1 adopts step-by-step and multi-level slope setting, the slope planting troughs 4 and the slope drainage ditches 5 can be arranged in steps according to actual conditions;
step S3: inserting prefabricated partition boards 6 into the slots 41 of the slope planting grooves 4 respectively (the material and the prefabricated size of the prefabricated partition boards 6 can be set according to actual conditions, the material of the prefabricated partition boards 6 in the scheme is C30 reinforced concrete, 1 layer of ribs are distributed by phi 12 grids, the distance is 100mm, the board size is 600mm multiplied by 900mm multiplied by 50mm), the inner ends of the prefabricated partition boards 6 are abutted against the groove bottoms of the slope planting grooves 4, the prefabricated partition boards 6 are transversely arranged in the slope planting grooves 4, soil containing grooves are formed between the upper surfaces of the prefabricated partition boards 6 and the slope planting grooves 4, the inclination angles alpha of the prefabricated partition boards 6 are between 10 degrees and 45 degrees (including 10 degrees and 45 degrees), and the stress condition of the prefabricated partition boards 6 is optimal when the inclination angles alpha are 45 degrees;
step S4: the planting soil 7 is filled in each soil containing groove, the joint of the slope top intercepting drain 2 and the slope planting groove 4 is sealed by the planting soil 7 filled in the soil containing groove at the top end of the slope planting groove 4, the planting soil 7 is filled in a mode of throwing and filling by using a guide pipe or spraying and filling by using a high-pressure machine from top to bottom, the filling of the planting soil 7 is very convenient, and the soil filling efficiency is very high;
step S5: various vegetations 8 are planted on the planting soil 7 in each soil containing groove, and the vegetations 8 are preferably vines.
According to the method, the slope planting grooves 4 are excavated on the slope, and the prefabricated partition plates 6 are installed in the slope planting grooves 4 to form a row of soil containing grooves on the slope, so that compared with the traditional mode that flower beds are directly poured on the slope or the flower beds are fixed on the slope through anchor rods, the method is more convenient to construct and lower in construction cost, the slope planting grooves 4 are vertically arranged, the load is dispersedly transferred into a slope body from top to bottom through the prefabricated partition plates 6, the overall stress condition is good, and the influence of the load added by the flower beds and the planting soil 7 on the stability of the slope 1 is reduced; secondly, when raining, the rainwater on the mountain flows into the slope top intercepting drain 2, then flows into the slope drainage ditch 5 from the overflow port 21 of the slope top intercepting drain 2, and then is discharged to the slope foot drainage ditch 3 through the slope drainage ditch 5, so that the rainwater can be prevented from scouring the slope, the influence of the rainwater on the stability of the side slope 1 is reduced, meanwhile, the slope top intercepting drain 2 can also store water, the water in the slope top intercepting drain 2 seeps downwards along the slope drainage ditch 5 from top to bottom, the natural irrigation problem of vegetation 8 on the slope is solved, the survival rate of the vegetation 8 is higher, if in a dry season, the irrigation water can be supplemented into the slope top intercepting drain 2 through a water pump, so as to ensure the irrigation water, the irrigation water seeps from top to bottom orderly, rock masses at other parts of the side slope 1 cannot be influenced, and the stability of the side slope 1 is more favorable.
Mine rock matter side slope 1 is big all high again steeply, and traditional domatic afforestation is simple and the measure is single, and the scheme of above-mentioned side slope 1 afforestation has perfectly solved traditional side slope 1 afforestation singleness, and the vegetation lacks water, the survival rate is low, and the construction degree of difficulty is big, and the load is uneven, and to the great scheduling problem of side slope 1 stability influence, consequently, this scheme effect is better, and economic benefits is higher, also influences littleer to side slope 1's stability. The scheme can be comprehensively implemented by combining various slope management modes, is suitable for various slope type slopes and has wide application range.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the embodiment 2 of the present invention provides a method for greening a high and steep rock slope 1 of a mine, which has the substantially same steps as those of the embodiment 1, except that the steps a1 are further included between the step S3 and the step S4: and the geotextile 9 is laid in the soil containing groove. Through laying geotechnological cloth 9 in flourishing soil box, can prevent to contain the interior planting soil 7 of soil box from the gap loss between prefabricated baffle 6 and the domatic planting groove 4.
Example 3
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, embodiment 3 of the present invention provides a method for greening a high and steep rock slope of a mine, which has substantially the same steps as embodiment 1, except that a step B1 is further included between step S2 and step S3: and plastic drainage plates 10 are laid along the slope planting grooves 4, and the plastic drainage plates 10 are attached to the bottoms of the slope planting grooves 4. The plastic drainage plate 10 has the function of guiding seepage water, and the plastic drainage plate 10 is laid at the tank bottom of the slope planting tank 4, so that the seepage effect of irrigation water can be improved, even if the planting soil 7 close to the toe can be well irrigated, and compared with the traditional seepage pipe and irrigation mode of drip irrigation pipes, the cost of the plastic drainage plate 10 is lower, and the construction is more convenient.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and they should be construed as being included in the following claims and description.
Claims (8)
1. A greening method for a mine high and steep rocky side slope is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step S1: putting the side slope into a slope according to the stable slope angle;
step S2: excavating a slope top intercepting drain along the slope top of the side slope, excavating a slope toe drainage ditch along the slope toe of the side slope, excavating a plurality of rows of slope planting grooves on the slope surface between the slope top intercepting drain and the slope toe drainage ditch, wherein the upper end and the lower end of each slope planting groove are respectively connected with the slope top intercepting drain and the slope toe drainage ditch, slots are formed in the slope planting grooves at certain intervals, the outer ends of the slots extend upwards in an inclined manner along the direction away from the side slope, a plurality of rows of slope drainage ditches are excavated on the slope surface between the slope top intercepting drain and the slope toe drainage ditch, overflow ports are formed in the slope top intercepting drain corresponding to the slope drainage ditches, the upper ends of the slope drainage ditches are connected with the overflow ports, and the lower ends of the slope drainage ditches are connected with the slope toe drainage ditches;
step S3: inserting prefabricated partition plates into the slots of the slope planting grooves respectively, wherein the inner ends of the prefabricated partition plates abut against the bottoms of the slope planting grooves, and the prefabricated partition plates are transversely partitioned in the slope planting grooves, so that soil containing grooves are formed between the upper surfaces of the prefabricated partition plates and the slope planting grooves;
step S4: filling planting soil in each soil containing groove, wherein the planting soil filled in the soil containing groove at the top end of the slope planting groove seals the joint of the slope top intercepting drain and the slope planting groove;
step S5: and planting various vegetations on the planting soil in each soil containing groove.
2. The method for greening the high and steep rocky side slope of the mine according to claim 1, wherein between the step S3 and the step S4, the method further comprises the step a 1: and laying geotextile in the soil containing groove.
3. The method for greening the high and steep rocky side slope of the mine according to claim 1 or 2, wherein between the step S2 and the step S3, the method further comprises the step B1: and plastic drainage plates are laid along the slope planting grooves and attached to the bottoms of the slope planting grooves.
4. The method for greening mine high-steepness rocky side slopes according to claim 1, wherein in the step S1, when the slopes are high, the slopes are set to be in a stepped and multistage manner.
5. The method for greening mine high steep rocky side slopes according to claim 1, wherein in step S2, the slope planting grooves are arranged in parallel at a pitch of 5m to 10 m.
6. The method for greening high and steep rocky side slopes of mines according to claim 1, wherein the inclination angle α of the prefabricated partition board is between 10 ° and 45 °.
7. The method for greening high cliff side slopes of mines according to claim 1, wherein the vegetation planted in step S5 is vines.
8. The method for greening mine high and steep rocky side slopes according to claim 1, wherein in step S4, the planting soil is filled in a manner of being dumped or sprayed by a high-pressure machine from top to bottom.
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| CN201811326808.3A CN109315237B (en) | 2018-11-08 | 2018-11-08 | Method for greening high and steep rocky slope of mine |
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| CN201811326808.3A CN109315237B (en) | 2018-11-08 | 2018-11-08 | Method for greening high and steep rocky slope of mine |
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| CN109315237B true CN109315237B (en) | 2020-10-09 |
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| CN110121971A (en) * | 2019-04-24 | 2019-08-16 | 广西博世科环保科技股份有限公司 | A kind of method of metal mine acidity discarded ground ecological recovery |
| CN114342700B (en) * | 2022-03-18 | 2022-07-15 | 北京高能时代环境技术股份有限公司 | Greening device and method for high and steep rock slope based on cement blanket |
| CN116289394B (en) * | 2023-02-13 | 2024-03-19 | 交通运输部科学研究院 | Road cutting side slope water storage type ecological drainage ditch and paving method |
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| JP3201663B2 (en) * | 1992-10-16 | 2001-08-27 | 岡部株式会社 | Shelves for planting on legal frameworks and planting shelves |
| DE9414702U1 (en) * | 1994-09-10 | 1996-01-18 | Becker, Klaus, Dr., 50389 Wesseling | Covering element for a building wall |
| CN101818499B (en) * | 2010-03-05 | 2013-10-30 | 深圳市如茵生态环境建设有限公司 | Revegetation system on steep rocky slopes and implementing method thereof |
| CN206646526U (en) * | 2016-11-10 | 2017-11-17 | 交通运输部科学研究院 | Side-slope greening and protection monomer convex precast concrete |
| CN206736931U (en) * | 2017-02-09 | 2017-12-12 | 四川交投建设工程股份有限公司 | Highway Lithological Slope liana ecological safeguard structure |
| CN106638634A (en) * | 2017-02-09 | 2017-05-10 | 杭州江润科技有限公司 | Road rock slope vine ecological protection structure and construction method |
| CN207419377U (en) * | 2017-10-16 | 2018-05-29 | 辽宁日升水利工程有限公司 | A kind of water conservancy ecosystem bank protection |
| CN208023507U (en) * | 2018-04-03 | 2018-10-30 | 湖北省汉江河道管理局 | A kind of protective slope structure of Novel water conservancy construction |
| CN108755708B (en) * | 2018-05-07 | 2020-06-02 | 安徽省公路桥梁工程有限公司 | Soft rock slope ecological protection construction method |
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