CN108867668B - Ecological retaining plate structure - Google Patents
Ecological retaining plate structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN108867668B CN108867668B CN201810830384.8A CN201810830384A CN108867668B CN 108867668 B CN108867668 B CN 108867668B CN 201810830384 A CN201810830384 A CN 201810830384A CN 108867668 B CN108867668 B CN 108867668B
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 210000000481 breast Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 210000000038 chest Anatomy 0.000 claims description 33
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011150 reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 17
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 29
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910001294 Reinforcing steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000009417 prefabrication Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035784 germination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011900 installation process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
- E02D17/20—Securing of slopes or inclines
- E02D17/205—Securing of slopes or inclines with modular blocks, e.g. pre-fabricated
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Paleontology (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Pit Excavations, Shoring, Fill Or Stabilisation Of Slopes (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a side slope retaining structure, and discloses an ecological retaining plate structure, which comprises a bottom plate and a top plate which are horizontally arranged, wherein a left side plate and a right side plate are respectively arranged on two sides of the bottom plate and the top plate, the rear ends of the bottom plate and the top plate are parallel and level, and are connected with a large-aperture metal net, the length of the bottom plate is larger than that of the top plate, the front end of the bottom plate extends forwards, a vertical breast plate is arranged at the upper part of the front end of the bottom plate, the top plate, the left side plate, the right side plate, the breast plate and the large-aperture metal net are enclosed to form a box body inner space, the ecological retaining plate structure is of a box-shaped thin-wall structure, a plant growing bag containing planting soil and plant seeds is filled in the box body inner space, the filling height of the plant growing bag is lower than the top end of the breast plate, and the outer diameter of the plant growing bag is larger than the aperture of the large-aperture metal net. The ecological retaining plate structure solves the greening problems of vertical greening and high long-term maintenance cost of the wall surface of the concrete structure formed by the retaining plates, meets the requirements and regulations of loads such as soil pressure borne by the structure, and is simple in construction.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of slope retaining structures, in particular to an ecological retaining plate structure.
Background
The soil-retaining plate is a common structure for supporting and reinforcing filled soil or mountain soil slopes to prevent collapse so as to keep stability, is widely used in railway and highway subgrade engineering, water conservancy, mine sites, house buildings and other slope engineering, and is mostly combined with piles, anchor rods and the like in engineering practice.
The soil-retaining plate is mostly in a reinforced concrete structure, has the characteristics of mature technology, safety, convenience in construction, excellent soil-retaining effect and the like, is most widely applied to projects such as pile plate walls, anchor rod soil-retaining walls and the like, and the structural size and reinforcement of the soil-retaining plate are calculated and determined according to plate span, soil shearing indexes and the like.
However, the existing retaining plate technology mostly adopts on-site prefabrication and hoisting construction, the problem of plate greening is not generally considered, and compared with greening landscapes, the effect is general, and the development concept of environmental protection and environment coordination of modern engineering is not met.
The Chinese patent application (publication date: 10-12 of 2016 and publication number: CN 105993673A) discloses a vertical greening pile plate wall, two slide piles are connected through a vertical retaining plate wall, the vertical retaining plate wall is formed by vertically splicing a plurality of layers of retaining plates, horizontally-oriented flange plates with obtuse angles in longitudinal section are arranged on the vertical retaining plate wall in a layered mode, a plurality of layers of vertical planting grooves are formed by combining the flange plates with the plurality of layers of retaining plates, a reverse filtering layer is filled in a space behind the vertical retaining plate wall above the bottom layer of the flange plates, a plurality of drain holes matched with the planting grooves are formed in the retaining plate at the upper part of each layer of planting grooves, and drain pipes are arranged in the drain holes. The invention makes beneficial attempts to solve the greening problem of retaining walls among piles, and has the main principle that the externally hung plates in obtuse angles are added in a layered manner and combined with the existing retaining plates to form greening grooves, but the biggest problem is that the grooves are limited in soil filling, large root plants cannot be planted, the survival rate is low under the natural environment condition, regular maintenance is needed, the construction process is complex, and popularization and application are not facilitated.
The Chinese patent application (publication date: 9 and 15 and publication number: 201581411U) discloses an oblique insertion type plate wall, which mainly comprises anchor piles, soil retaining plates, flange plates and reinforcing steel members, wherein the oblique insertion type plate wall is composed of a plurality of upright anchor piles, a plurality of oblique insertion type soil retaining plates are uniformly arranged between the anchor piles from bottom to top, planting greening spaces are formed between the upper and lower adjacent soil retaining plates, and embedded reinforcing steel bars in each soil retaining plate are connected with reinforcing steel bars in a pile body of the anchor piles into a whole. The invention also makes better attempts to solve the greening problem of the pile plate wall, the soil retaining plates between piles are inserted obliquely, the soil greening slope is planted by backfilling between the plates, but the biggest problem is that the connection of piles and the plates adopts embedded bars in the piles, the connection process is complicated, the design and construction difficulty is increased, and the popularization and application are limited.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the technology, provides an ecological retaining plate structure, effectively solves the problems of vertical greening and high long-term maintenance cost of a concrete structure wall surface formed by retaining plates, meets the requirements and regulations of loads such as soil pressure borne by the structure, and is simple in construction and convenient to popularize.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the ecological retaining plate structure designed by the invention comprises a bottom plate and a top plate which are horizontally arranged, wherein both sides of the bottom plate and the top plate are respectively provided with a left side plate and a right side plate, and the ecological retaining plate structure is characterized in that: the rear ends of the bottom plate and the top plate are parallel and level and are connected with a large-aperture metal net, so that the plant-growing bag in the box body is prevented from falling in the transportation and installation processes, the requirement that the plant root system in the plant-growing bag grows behind the wall after penetrating through the large-aperture metal net is met, the length of the bottom plate is larger than that of the top plate, the front end of the bottom plate extends forwards, the left side plate and the right side plate are respectively covered on two sides of the extending part of the bottom plate, the vertical chest plate is arranged on the upper part of the front end of the bottom plate, the utility model discloses a plant growth device, including bottom plate, roof, left side board, right side board, chest board and large aperture metal mesh enclose and close and form drawer type ecological retaining plate structure to form box inner space, ecological retaining plate structure is box thin wall structure, box inner space is filled with the plant bag that contains planting soil and plant seeds, the filling height of plant bag is less than the top of chest board, the space more than the chest board top satisfies plant growth needs, the external diameter of plant bag is greater than the aperture of large aperture metal mesh.
Preferably, the rear ends of the bottom plate and the top plate are connected with a back plate, the lower part of the back plate is provided with a horizontal opening with the height of 0.1-0.5 m, a plant growth bag filled in the inner space of the box body is ensured to be in contact with natural soil bodies behind the back plate, the environment condition of plant growth is greatly improved, the horizontal opening of the back plate is provided with a large-aperture metal net, the length of the bottom plate is equal to that of the top plate, the front ends of the bottom plate and the top plate are connected with a breast plate, the bottom plate, the top plate, the left side plate, the right side plate, the breast plate, the back plate and the large-aperture metal net form a staggered plate type ecological retaining plate structure, a plurality of landscape windows are arranged on the upper part of the breast plate in the horizontal direction, the height of the landscape windows is greater than 0.2 m, the filling height of the plant growth bag is lower than the lower edge of the landscape windows, and the space above the lower edge of the landscape windows meets the plant growth requirement.
Preferably, the back plate upper portion outwards extends to the front end of roof, the lower part of chest board inwards extends to the rear end of bottom plate, roof, left side board, right side board, chest board, backplate and large aperture metal mesh form the ecological retaining plate structure of shutter formula, the backplate with form box inner space between the chest board, the cross section of box inner space is a slope passageway, the horizontal opening of backplate with box inner space intercommunication, the view window with box inner space intercommunication, the height of view window is greater than 0.1 meter.
Preferably, the inner space of the box body is provided with a plurality of vertically placed rib plates, and the rib plates divide the inner space of the box body into a plurality of filling bins, so that bending moment born by the structure is uniformly distributed.
Preferably, the large-aperture metal mesh is mounted at the rear ends of the bottom plate and the top plate by drilling and expansion screws.
Preferably, the large-aperture metal mesh is mounted on the horizontal opening of the back plate by drilling and expansion screws.
Preferably, the bottom plate, the top plate, the left side plate, the right side plate and the chest plate which are enclosed to form the inner space of the box body adopt reinforced concrete prefabricated parts, alloy structures or alloy-thin-wall concrete combined structures.
Preferably, the bottom plate, the top plate, the left side plate, the right side plate, the chest plate and the back plate which are enclosed to form the inner space of the box body adopt reinforced concrete prefabricated parts, alloy structures or alloy-thin wall concrete combined structures.
Preferably, a plurality of left side board and right side board at ecological retaining plate structure both ends all articulate on the flange board of anchor stake, pile up on finding the platform, along vertical assembly together form the ecological retaining plate wall of standing or slope certain angle, with the anchor stake forms stake board-like retaining wall integrated configuration jointly or forms stock retaining wall structure with the stock combination, the wall back of ecological retaining plate wall is filled with the backfill, the top of backfill is equipped with the wall top platform that permeable concrete made, wall top platform thickness is 0.2~0.4 meters, ecological retaining plate structure with it has the geotechnical material reverse filter layer to fill up between the backfill, be equipped with the water discharge hole on the finding the platform.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the soil arch effect is effectively formed based on two major soil mechanics principle designs such as soil arch effect (Terzaghi movable door test proves), soil back pressure balance and the like, the height of the horizontal opening at the back part or the lower part of the back plate of the ecological retaining plate structure is 0.1-0.5 m, the soil pressure behind the back plate is mainly borne by the box structure of the ecological retaining plate structure, backfill soil is filled behind the wall surface of the ecological retaining plate, the backfill soil plays a certain back pressure balance role on the soil body at the back part or the horizontal opening of the back plate, and the ecological retaining plate structure can be ensured not to generate diseases such as soil leakage, soil dropping and the like;
2. the horizontal opening at the back or the lower part of the backboard can ensure that the plant-growing bag is bordered by the rear natural soil body, and the plant root system in the plant-growing bag can extend into the natural soil body behind the board, thereby effectively improving the natural growth environment condition of plants, improving the survival rate of plants and solving the greening problem of high long-term maintenance cost;
3. the space above the plant growth bag can be combined with the conditions of climate, rainfall, sunlight, groundwater and the like to carry out plant selection and landscape design;
4. the ecological retaining plate structure is mainly characterized in that a box-shaped structure bears soil pressure load, and the structure size, the combination form, the construction procedures and the like are basically the same as those of a common structure, so that the ecological retaining plate structure is easy to popularize in design and construction;
5. the inside of the box-shaped structure of the ecological retaining plate structure is directly packaged by the plant-growing bags, and the large-aperture metal net is arranged at the back or the horizontal opening of the backboard to prevent the plant-growing bags from falling, so that the construction convenience and the work efficiency are improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a drawer-type structure of an ecological retaining plate structure according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the ecological retaining plate structure A-A section in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the section B-B of the ecological retaining plate structure of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the section C-C of the ecological retaining plate structure of FIG. 1;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a pile-plate type retaining wall combined structure of the ecological retaining plate structure and the anchor piles in FIG. 1;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing a sectional structure D-D of the pile-plate type retaining wall assembly structure of FIG. 5
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of an offset plate structure of the ecological retaining plate structure of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the structure of the section E-E of the ecological retaining plate structure of FIG. 7;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the structure of the section F-F of the ecological retaining plate structure of FIG. 8;
fig. 10 is a schematic structural view of a pile-plate type retaining wall combined structure of the ecological retaining plate structure and the anchor piles in fig. 7;
FIG. 11 is a schematic view showing a sectional structure of the pile-plate type retaining wall combined structure G-G of FIG. 10;
FIG. 12 is a schematic view of the shutter structure of the ecological retaining plate structure of the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a schematic view of the structure of the section of the ecological retaining plate structure H-H of FIG. 12;
FIG. 14 is a schematic view of the structure of the section I-I of the ecological retaining plate structure of FIG. 13;
fig. 15 is a schematic structural view of a pile-plate type retaining wall combined structure of the ecological retaining plate structure and the anchor piles in fig. 12;
FIG. 16 is a schematic view showing a sectional structure of the pile-plate type retaining wall combined structure J-J of FIG. 15;
fig. 17 is a schematic view of soil pressure load of the ecological retaining plate structure of the present invention under the soil arch effect.
The reference numerals of the components in the drawings are as follows:
a bottom plate 1, a top plate 2, a chest plate 3, a back plate 4, a left side plate 5, a right side plate 6, rib plates 7, a large-aperture metal net 8, a landscape window 9, a plant-growing bag 10 plant 11, anchor pile 12, flange 13, find platform 14, discharge hole 15, geotechnique material reverse filter 16, wall top platform 17, backfill 18.
Detailed Description
The invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and to specific examples.
The ecological retaining plate structure of the invention can be divided into three box-shaped structure forms of drawer type, staggered plate type, shutter type and the like, as shown in the drawer type ecological retaining plate structures of figures 1, 2, 3 and 4, the ecological retaining plate structure comprises a bottom plate 1 and a top plate 2 which are horizontally arranged, a left side plate 5 and a right side plate 6 are respectively arranged on two sides of the bottom plate 1 and the top plate 2, the rear ends of the bottom plate 1 and the top plate 2 are flush and connected with a large-aperture metal net 8, the large-aperture metal net 8 is arranged at the rear ends of the bottom plate 1 and the top plate 2 through drilling and expansion bolts, the length of the bottom plate 1 is longer than the length of the top plate 2, the front end of the bottom plate 1 extends forwards, the two sides of the extending part of the bottom plate 1 are respectively covered with the left side plate 5 and the right side plate 6, the upper part of the front end of the bottom plate 1 is provided with a vertical chest plate 3, the bottom plate 1, the top plate 2, the left side plate 5, the right side plate 6, the chest plate 3 and the large-aperture metal net 8 form the drawer type ecological retaining plate structure, and enclose to form the box inner space, the said ecological retaining plate structure is the box thin-wall structure, enclose to form the bottom plate 1, roof 2, left side board 5, right side board 6 and chest plate 3 of the box inner space and adopt the precast reinforced concrete component, the box inner space is filled with and contains the planting bag 10 of planting soil and 11 seeds of plant, the filling height of the planting bag 10 is lower than the top of the chest plate 3, the external diameter of the planting bag 10 is greater than the aperture of the large aperture metal mesh 8, in addition, the box inner space has several vertically placed rib plates 7, the rib plate 7 separates the box inner space into a plurality of filling bins, make the bending moment born by the structure evenly distribute, as shown in figure 5 and figure 6, left side board 5 and right side board 6 of a plurality of ecological retaining plate structure both ends are all hung on the flange 13 of the anchor pile 12, pile up on the leveling platform 14, the vertical ecological retaining plate wall surfaces are assembled together along the vertical direction to form a vertical ecological retaining plate wall surface, a pile plate type retaining wall combined structure is formed together with the anchoring piles 12, so that the ecological retaining plate is layered and greening to form a vertical greening landscape, backfill soil 18 is filled behind the wall of the ecological retaining plate wall surface, a wall top platform 17 made of permeable concrete is arranged at the top end of the backfill soil 18, the thickness of the wall top platform 17 is 0.2-0.4 meter, rainwater infiltration is ensured, the natural growth requirement of plants 11 is met, a geotechnical material inverted filter layer 16 is filled between the ecological retaining plate structure and the backfill soil 18, and a water leakage hole 15 is formed in the water searching platform 14.
As shown in fig. 7, 8 and 9, the staggered plate type ecological retaining plate structure comprises a bottom plate 1 and a top plate 2 which are horizontally arranged, wherein the two sides of the bottom plate 1 and the top plate 2 are respectively provided with a left side plate 5 and a right side plate 6, the rear ends of the bottom plate 1 and the top plate 2 are connected with a back plate 4, the lower part of the back plate 4 is provided with a horizontal opening with the height of 0.1-0.5 m, the horizontal opening of the back plate 4 is provided with a large-aperture metal net 8, the large-aperture metal net 8 is arranged on the horizontal opening of the back plate 4 through drilling and expansion bolts, the length of the bottom plate 1 is equal to the length of the top plate 2, the front ends of the bottom plate 1 and the top plate 2 are connected with a chest plate 3, the bottom plate 1, the top plate 2, the left side plate 5, the right side plate 6, the chest plate 3, the back plate 4 and the large-aperture metal net 8 form the staggered plate type ecological retaining plate structure, and the surrounding the inner space of a box body, the bottom plate 1, the top plate 2, the left side plate 5, the right side plate 6 and the chest plate 3 and the back plate 4 surrounding the inner space of the box body are formed by adopting an alloy structure, the ecological retaining plate structure is a box-shaped thin-wall structure, a planting bag 10 containing planting soil and plant 11 seeds is filled in the inner space of the box body, a plurality of landscape windows 9 are arranged on the upper portion of the chest plate 3 in the horizontal direction, the height of each landscape window 9 is larger than 0.2 m, the filling height of each planting bag 10 is lower than the lower edge of each landscape window 9, the outer diameter of each planting bag 10 is larger than the aperture of a large-aperture metal net 8, in addition, a plurality of rib plates 7 which are vertically arranged are arranged in the inner space of the box body, the rib plates 7 divide the inner space of the box body into a plurality of filling bins, as shown in fig. 10 and 11, the left side plates 5 and the right side plates 6 at the two ends of the plurality of ecological retaining plate structures are all hung on the flange plates 13 of the anchoring piles 12 and are stacked on the leveling platform 14 to be vertically assembled together to form an ecological retaining plate wall surface which is vertical or inclined by a certain angle, the pile plate type retaining wall combined structure is formed together with the anchoring piles 12 or the anchor rod type retaining wall combined structure is formed with the anchor rod, so that the ecological retaining plate is layered and greening to form a vertical greening landscape, backfill soil 18 is filled behind the wall of the ecological retaining plate wall, a wall top platform 17 made of permeable concrete is arranged at the top end of the backfill soil 18, the thickness of the wall top platform 17 is 0.2-0.4 meter, rainwater infiltration is ensured, natural growth requirements of plants 11 are met, a geotechnical material reverse filtering layer 16 is filled between the ecological retaining plate structure and the backfill soil 18, and a water leakage hole 15 is formed in the finding platform 14.
As shown in fig. 12, 13 and 14, the shutter type ecological retaining plate structure comprises a bottom plate 1 and a top plate 2 which are horizontally arranged, wherein a left side plate 5 and a right side plate 6 are respectively arranged at two sides of the bottom plate 1 and the top plate 2, the rear ends of the bottom plate 1 and the top plate 2 are connected with a back plate 4, the lower part of the back plate 4 is provided with a horizontal opening with the height of 0.1-0.5 m, the horizontal opening of the back plate 4 is provided with a large-aperture metal net 8, the large-aperture metal net 8 is arranged on the horizontal opening of the back plate 4 through drilling and expansion screws, the length of the bottom plate 1 is equal to the length of the top plate 2, the front ends of the bottom plate 1 and the top plate 2 are connected with a chest plate 3, the upper part of the back plate 4 outwards extends to the front end of the top plate 2, the lower part of the chest plate 3 inwards extends to the rear end of the bottom plate 1, the top plate 2, the left side plate 5, the right side plate 6, the chest plate 3, the back plate 4 and the large-aperture metal net 8 form the shutter type ecological retaining plate structure, the bottom plate 1, the top plate 2, the left side plate 5, the right side plate 6, the chest plate 3 and the back plate 4 which are enclosed to form the internal space of the box adopt an alloy-thin wall concrete combined structure, the internal space of the box is formed between the back plate 4 and the chest plate 3, the cross section of the internal space of the box is an inclined channel, the internal space of the box is filled with a plant growth bag 10 containing planting soil and plant 11 seeds, a plurality of landscape windows 9 are arranged on the upper part of the chest plate 3 in the horizontal direction, the height of the landscape windows 9 is more than 0.1 meter, the horizontal opening of the back plate 4 is communicated with the internal space of the box, the landscape windows 9 are communicated with the internal space of the box, the filling height of the plant growth bag 10 is lower than the lower edge of the landscape windows 9, the outer diameter of the plant growth bag 10 is more than the aperture of a large aperture metal net 8, in addition, the internal space of the box is provided with a plurality of vertically arranged ribbed plates 7, the ribbed plates 7 divide the internal space of the box into a plurality of filling bins, as shown in fig. 15 and 16, the left side plate 5 and the right side plate 6 at two ends of the ecological retaining plate structures are all hung on the flange plates 13 of the anchor piles 12, stacked on the leveling platform 14, vertically assembled together to form an upright or inclined ecological retaining plate wall surface with a certain angle, and form a pile plate type retaining wall combined structure together with the anchor piles 12 or an anchor rod combined to form an anchor rod retaining wall structure, so that the ecological retaining plate forms a vertical greening landscape by layered greening, the wall of the ecological retaining plate wall surface is filled with backfill soil 18, the top end of the backfill soil 18 is provided with a wall top platform 17 made of permeable concrete, the thickness of the wall top platform 17 is 0.2-0.4 m, rainwater infiltration is ensured, natural growth requirements of plants 11 are met, a geotechnical material reverse filtering layer 16 is filled between the ecological retaining plate structure and the backfill soil 18, and a water leakage hole 15 is formed on the finding platform 14.
In the invention, the plant 11 can be planted by doping seeds in the plant growth bag 10, and the plant 11 is selected from herbaceous plants or vine plants which are good in landscape and suitable for local growth.
The invention has the following design requirements in design:
as shown in fig. 17, the back soil pressure of the back plate 4 is calculated by adopting the rankine soil pressure or coulomb soil pressure theory in principle, and the calculated soil pressure can be properly reduced by considering the soil arch effect of the back two-side anchoring piles 12 when the back plate is used for pile plate walls; in order to realize smooth butt joint with the design and reserve proper plant 11 growth space, the height principle of the single ecological retaining plate is 0.5 m-1.0 m, the plate length is determined by combining the spacing and the section size of the anchoring piles 12 at two sides, and the number of rib plates 7, the plate thickness and the like are determined according to calculation; the ecological retaining plate can adopt a simplified model or finite element software to carry out structural calculation; the plants 11 should be selected in combination with regional climate, sunlight, groundwater, soil type, etc. at the construction site, and landscape design is performed at the same time, and if necessary, landscaping can be achieved by grass and flower co-planting, grass and vine co-planting, etc.
The concrete construction process of the invention is as follows:
1. the manufacturing of the ecological retaining plate structure is completed in a factory or a prefabrication factory on a construction site, so that the prefabrication quality of concrete is improved, and meanwhile, the construction requirement of assembly is met;
2. the periphery of the horizontal opening at the back of the ecological retaining plate structure is provided with expansion screws by adopting drilling holes, and a large-aperture metal net 8 is arranged on the back plate 4 or the back and completely covers the opening at the back plate 4 or the back;
3. the plant-growing bag 10 (comprising planting soil and plant seeds) and the like are directly packaged in the inner cavity below the top of the chest plate 3, so that the inconvenience of constructing the plant-growing bag after hanging the plate on site is avoided;
4. before the ecological retaining plate is hoisted, the construction of the site finding platform 14, the water drain hole 15 and the like is ensured to be finished and the related installation requirements are met, and then the ecological retaining plate is hoisted in sequence to form an upright ecological retaining plate wall surface;
5. the geotechnical material reverse filtering layer 16 should be applied in time, then the backfill 18 and the wall top platform 17 are sequentially applied to the permeable concrete after the plates are sequentially applied, so that a complete ecological system is ensured to be formed, and a good ecological environment is provided for the growth of the plants 11;
6. in order to realize early germination or normal growth of plants 11 in the ecological retaining plate structure, water is sprayed in time for maintenance.
The ecological retaining plate structure is designed based on two major earth mechanics principles such as the earth arch effect (Terzaghi movable door test proves), earth back pressure balance and the like, the height of the horizontal opening at the back of the ecological retaining plate structure or the lower part of the back plate 4 is 0.1-0.5 m, the earth arch effect can be effectively formed, the earth pressure behind the back plate 4 is mainly borne by the box structure of the ecological retaining plate structure, backfill earth 18 is filled behind the wall of the ecological retaining plate wall, the backfill earth 18 plays a certain back pressure balance role on the earth at the back or the horizontal opening of the back plate 4, and diseases such as earth leakage and earth falling can be avoided for the ecological retaining plate structure; the horizontal opening at the back or the lower part of the backboard 4 can ensure that the plant-growing bag 10 is bordered by the rear natural soil body, and the plant root system in the plant-growing bag 10 can extend into the natural soil body behind the backboard, thereby effectively improving the natural growth environment condition of the plant 11, improving the survival rate of the plant 11 and solving the greening problem of high long-term maintenance cost; meanwhile, the space above the plant growth bag 10 can be combined with the conditions of climate, rainfall, sunlight, groundwater and the like to carry out plant selection and landscape design; in addition, the ecological retaining plate structure mainly adopts a box-shaped structure to bear soil pressure load, has basically the same structural size, combination form, construction procedures and the like as the common structure, is easy to popularize in design and construction, adopts the plant-growing bag 10 to directly package the inside, and adopts the large-aperture metal net 8 arranged on the back or the horizontal opening of the backboard 4 to prevent the plant-growing bag 10 from falling, thereby improving the construction convenience and the work efficiency.
Claims (1)
1. The utility model provides an ecological retaining plate structure, includes bottom plate (1) and roof (2) that the level set up, the both sides of bottom plate (1) and roof (2) are equipped with left side board (5) and right side board (6) respectively, its characterized in that: the utility model discloses a plant growth device, including bottom plate (1), roof (2), bottom plate (1), right side board (5), bottom plate (1), bottom plate (2), bottom plate (1) and roof (2), the rear end parallel and level and even have large aperture metal mesh (8), the length of bottom plate (1) is greater than the length of roof (2), the front end of bottom plate (1) stretches out forward, the both sides of bottom plate (1) extension are covered with respectively left side board (5) and right side board (6), the front end upper portion of bottom plate (1) is equipped with perpendicular chest board (3), bottom plate (1), roof (2), left side board (5), right side board (6), chest board (3) and large aperture metal mesh (8) form drawer type ecological retaining plate structure to enclose and form box inside space, ecological retaining plate structure is box thin wall structure, box inside space is filled with plant growth bag (10) that contains planting soil and plant (11) seed, the filling height of plant growth bag (10) is less than the top of chest board (3), the external diameter of plant growth bag (10) is greater than large aperture metal mesh (8), the bottom plate (1) and roof (4) have the length of opening (4) that is the length of roof (4) is equal to that open top plate (4) is opened to the top plate (1), the front ends of the bottom plate (1) and the top plate (2) are connected with a breast board (3), the bottom plate (1), the top plate (2), a left side plate (5), a right side plate (6), the breast board (3), a back plate (4) and a large-aperture metal net (8) form a staggered plate type ecological retaining plate structure, a plurality of landscape windows (9) are arranged on the upper part of the breast board (3) in the horizontal direction, the height of each landscape window (9) is greater than 0.2 m, the filling height of the plant-growing bag (10) is lower than the lower edge of each landscape window (9), the upper part of the back plate (4) extends outwards to the front end of the top plate (2), the lower part of the chest plate (3) inwards extends to the rear end of the bottom plate (1), the top plate (2), the left side plate (5), the right side plate (6), the chest plate (3), the back plate (4) and the large-aperture metal net (8) form a shutter-type ecological retaining plate structure, a box body inner space is formed between the back plate (4) and the chest plate (3), the cross section of the box body inner space is an inclined channel, the horizontal opening of the back plate (4) is communicated with the box body inner space, the landscape window (9) is communicated with the box body inner space, and the height of the landscape window (9) is greater than 0.1 meter;
a plurality of vertically placed rib plates (7) are arranged in the inner space of the box body, and the rib plates (7) divide the inner space of the box body into a plurality of filling bins;
the large-aperture metal net (8) is arranged at the rear ends of the bottom plate (1) and the top plate (2) through drilling and expansion screws;
the large-aperture metal net (8) is arranged on the horizontal opening of the backboard (4) through drilling and expansion bolts;
a bottom plate (1), a top plate (2), a left side plate (5), a right side plate (6) and a chest plate (3) which are enclosed to form the space in the box body adopt reinforced concrete prefabricated parts, alloy structures or alloy-thin wall concrete combined structures;
a bottom plate (1), a top plate (2), a left side plate (5), a right side plate (6), a chest plate (3) and a back plate (4) which are enclosed to form the space in the box body adopt reinforced concrete prefabricated components, alloy structures or alloy-thin wall concrete combined structures;
a plurality of left side board (5) and right side board (6) at ecological retaining plate structure both ends all articulate on flange board (13) of anchor stake (12), pile up on leveling platform (14), along vertical assembly together form vertical or slope certain angle's ecological retaining plate wall, with anchor stake (12) form stake board-like retaining wall integrated configuration jointly or form stock retaining wall structure with the stock combination, the wall back of ecological retaining plate wall is filled with backfill (18), the top of backfill (18) is equipped with wall top platform (17) that permeable concrete was made, wall top platform (17) thickness is 0.2~0.4 meter, ecological retaining plate structure with fill between (18) and be filled with geotechnique material anti-filtration layer (16), be equipped with on leveling platform (14) drainage hole (15).
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| CN201810110059 | 2018-02-08 | ||
| CN2018101100594 | 2018-02-08 |
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| CN110144931A (en) * | 2019-05-28 | 2019-08-20 | 杭州悦为科技有限公司 | A kind of construction method of the board-like Ecological Retaining Wall of novel pile |
| CN114032949A (en) * | 2021-10-26 | 2022-02-11 | 上海勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Ecological pile plate type retaining wall and construction method thereof |
| CN116479826A (en) * | 2023-05-06 | 2023-07-25 | 安徽国基通用技术有限公司 | A block and retaining wall system |
| CN116815785B (en) * | 2023-07-13 | 2025-10-28 | 华北理工大学 | A foundation pit slope support structure |
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