CN104521649A - Paddy rice no-tillage direct-sowing method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a paddy rice no-tillage direct-sowing method characterized in comprising the steps of (1) weeding, (2) seed treatment, (3) sowing, (4) secondary weeding, (5) fertilizing, and (6) secondary sowing. With the method, soil organism growth and development are promoted, soil biodiversity is enriched, chemical fertilizer use is reduced, farmland non-point source pollution is reduced, labor and effort are saved, agricultural planting efficiency is improved, and paddy rice quality is improved.

Description

A kind of free-plowing and directly-seeding method

Technical field

What the present invention relates to is a kind of method of agricultural plantation technology field, a kind of specifically free-plowing and directly-seeding method.

Technical background

The key problem of China's anthropogenic soil sustainable use is the exhaustion of the soil organic matter and the deterioration of quality, and this directly causes the decline of soil function.The soil organic matter is the basic substance of soil system, affect the physics of soil, chemical property, and provided C, N source control microbial activity is provided, thus play an important role in soil fertility, the productivity of good soil physics, chemistry and biology character and soil all with the content of the soil organic matter and characteristic closely related.Due to organic matter deficiency, the conversion and cycle of various nutriment and availability are low, and soil ecosystem is unbalance, soil fertility declines.Thus China's grain-production is all mainly by using chemical fertilizer in a large number to support.Excessive fertilization, not only causes the wasting of resources, reduces rice quality, and creates a large amount of pollution of area source.

Paddy rice is one of topmost cereal crops of south China, is also important pollution of area source source.How to improve traditional paddy rice planting method, while the original output of maintenance, increase soil fertility, reduce the usage amount of chemical fertilizer, become problem in the urgent need to address.In this case, propose new requirement to rice cultivating technique, system technology has been difficult to the development adapting to new situations.

Summary of the invention

For the problems referred to above, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of free-plowing and directly-seeding method, adopt the method to promote that soil organisms grows, enrich Soil Biodiversity, reduce chemical fertilizer application, alleviate agricultural non-point pollution, and save labor, improve agricultural planting efficiency, improve rice quality.

For solving the problems of the technologies described above, technical scheme provided by the invention is such: this free-plowing and directly-seeding method, comprises the steps: successively

(1) weeding: before Winter Solstice, first spray herbicide weeding, allows surface, soil naturally freeze, freezes loose ground top layer; Spray herbicide weeding again before and after the 2nd year Ching Ming Festival, allows grass after death, and pouring keeps field moistening, allows the weeds do not germinateed regenerate; Spray herbicide weeding again before and after the Beginning of summer, weeding is after 9 days, and after death, pouring soil 8-10 days, allows soil deliquescing to grass;

(2) breeding: seed-grain is immersed in limewash 10-12 hour and picks up vernalization, then mix the seed-grain of germination with root-inducing powder, such seed is taken root soon, shady and cool place's airing 2-4 hour;

(3) sow: before mid or late October paddy rice harvesting about 2 weeks, by artificial for seed uniform broadcasting in rice field, density is every mu of rice field 3kg seed, and before broadcasting sowing, attention maintenance face, field is moistening; If face, field is dry, must pours water in rice field, then water be bled off, within second day, sow again;

(4) secondary weeding: use weed killer herbicide weeding in 2 to 3 days after broadcasting sowing, when rice shoot grows to 3 to 4 ages, put the water of dry Tanaka, weed a garden with weed killer herbicide, impose azophoska in after weeding 3 to 4 days, with closing the weeds regeneration of germinateing at anti-end;

(5) apply fertilizer: at early and middle ten days in December, execute superphosphate 30-35 kilogram for every mu; After the beginning of spring, every mu imposes urea 3-5 kilogram; Foliage-spray 0.3% borax soln 2 times; Second Year is to late April, and in 2-3 week before rice growing, be sprayed onto on rice plant with paraquat, make it stop growing and become withered and yellow death gradually, namely the residual body of paddy rice has covered earth's surface as organic matter;

(6) secondary sowing: in late May or rice growing season early June, after being soaked seed by seed-grain, be in strip and broadcast sowing Chinese milk vetch Tanaka, line-spacing, distance, the density of every nest grain seed rice general rice growing is routinely carried out; Carry out sowing or using artificial seeding with special sower.

Further, the weed killer herbicide described in step (1) is Glufosinate.

The present invention is covered by the permanent living beings on earth's surface, can water conservation, reduces water and soil loss; Increase soil organic matter content, promote that soil organisms grows, enrich Soil Biodiversity; Amount of application of nitrogen fertilizer more than 30% can be reduced than general planting, reduce widespread pollution from the overuse of fertilizers and pesticides in rural area; Reduce the labour of farming simultaneously, improve economic results in society.

Specific embodiment

Below in conjunction with embodiment; claim of the present invention is described in further detail; but do not form any limitation of the invention, the amendment of any limited number of time made within the scope of the claims in the present invention, still within claims of the present invention.

Embodiment 1

A kind of free-plowing and directly-seeding method provided by the invention, comprises the steps: successively

(1) weeding: before Winter Solstice, first spray herbicide weeding, allows surface, soil naturally freeze, freezes loose ground top layer; Spray herbicide weeding again before and after the 2nd year Ching Ming Festival, allows grass after death, and pouring keeps field moistening, allows the weeds do not germinateed regenerate; Spray herbicide weeding again before and after the Beginning of summer, weeding is after 9 days, and after death, 10 days, pouring soil, allows soil deliquescing to grass;

(2) breeding: seed-grain is immersed in limewash 12 hours and picks up vernalization, then mix the seed-grain of germination with root-inducing powder, such seed is taken root soon, shady and cool place's airing 4 hours;

(3) sow: before mid or late October paddy rice harvesting about 2 weeks, by artificial for seed uniform broadcasting in rice field, density is every mu of rice field 3kg seed, and before broadcasting sowing, attention maintenance face, field is moistening; If face, field is dry, must pours water in rice field, then water be bled off, within second day, sow again;

(4) secondary weeding: use weed killer herbicide weeding in 2 to 3 days after broadcasting sowing, when rice shoot grows to 3 to 4 ages, put the water of dry Tanaka, weed a garden with weed killer herbicide, impose azophoska in after weeding 3 to 4 days, with closing the weeds regeneration of germinateing at anti-end;

(5) apply fertilizer: at early and middle ten days in December, execute superphosphate 35 kilograms for every mu; After the beginning of spring, every mu imposes 5 kilograms, urea; Foliage-spray 0.3% borax soln 2 times; Second Year is to late April, and before rice growing 3 weeks, be sprayed onto on rice plant with paraquat, make it stop growing and become withered and yellow death gradually, namely the residual body of paddy rice covered earth's surface as organic matter;

(6) secondary sowing: in late May or rice growing season early June, after being soaked seed by seed-grain, be in strip and broadcast sowing Chinese milk vetch Tanaka, line-spacing, distance, the density of every nest grain seed rice general rice growing is routinely carried out; Carry out sowing or using artificial seeding with special sower.

Embodiment 2

A kind of free-plowing and directly-seeding method provided by the invention, comprises the steps: successively

(1) weeding: before Winter Solstice, first spray herbicide weeding, allows surface, soil naturally freeze, freezes loose ground top layer; Spray herbicide weeding again before and after the 2nd year Ching Ming Festival, allows grass after death, and pouring keeps field moistening, allows the weeds do not germinateed regenerate; Spray herbicide weeding again before and after the Beginning of summer, weeding is after 9 days, and after death, 8 days, pouring soil, allows soil deliquescing to grass;

(2) breeding: seed-grain is immersed in limewash 10 hours and picks up vernalization, then mix the seed-grain of germination with root-inducing powder, such seed is taken root soon, shady and cool place's airing 2 hours;

(3) sow: before mid or late October paddy rice harvesting about 2 weeks, by artificial for seed uniform broadcasting in rice field, density is every mu of rice field 3kg seed, and before broadcasting sowing, attention maintenance face, field is moistening; If face, field is dry, must pours water in rice field, then water be bled off, within second day, sow again;

(4) secondary weeding: use weed killer herbicide weeding in 2 to 3 days after broadcasting sowing, when rice shoot grows to 3 to 4 ages, put the water of dry Tanaka, weed a garden with weed killer herbicide, impose azophoska in after weeding 3 to 4 days, with closing the weeds regeneration of germinateing at anti-end;

(5) apply fertilizer: at early and middle ten days in December, execute superphosphate 30 kilograms for every mu; After the beginning of spring, every mu imposes 3 kilograms, urea; Foliage-spray 0.3% borax soln 2 times; Second Year is to late April, and before rice growing 2 weeks, be sprayed onto on rice plant with paraquat, make it stop growing and become withered and yellow death gradually, namely the residual body of paddy rice covered earth's surface as organic matter;

(6) secondary sowing: in late May or rice growing season early June, after being soaked seed by seed-grain, be in strip and broadcast sowing Chinese milk vetch Tanaka, line-spacing, distance, the density of every nest grain seed rice general rice growing is routinely carried out; Carry out sowing or using artificial seeding with special sower.

Claims (2)

1. a free-plowing and directly-seeding method, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:

(1) weeding: before Winter Solstice, first spray herbicide weeding, allows surface, soil naturally freeze, freezes loose ground top layer; Spray herbicide weeding again before and after the 2nd year Ching Ming Festival, allows grass after death, and pouring keeps field moistening, allows the weeds do not germinateed regenerate; Spray herbicide weeding again before and after the Beginning of summer, weeding is after 9 days, and after death, pouring soil 8-10 days, allows soil deliquescing to grass;

(2) breeding: seed-grain is immersed in limewash 10-12 hour and picks up vernalization, then mix the seed-grain of germination with root-inducing powder, such seed is taken root soon, shady and cool place's airing 2-4 hour;

(3) sow: before mid or late October paddy rice harvesting about 2 weeks, by artificial for seed uniform broadcasting in rice field, density is every mu of rice field 3kg seed, and before broadcasting sowing, attention maintenance face, field is moistening; If face, field is dry, must pours water in rice field, then water be bled off, within second day, sow again;

(4) secondary weeding: use weed killer herbicide weeding in 2 to 3 days after broadcasting sowing, when rice shoot grows to 3 to 4 ages, put the water of dry Tanaka, weed a garden with weed killer herbicide, impose azophoska in after weeding 3 to 4 days, with closing the weeds regeneration of germinateing at anti-end;

(5) apply fertilizer: at early and middle ten days in December, execute superphosphate 30-35 kilogram for every mu; After the beginning of spring, every mu imposes urea 3-5 kilogram; Foliage-spray 0.3% borax soln 2 times; Second Year is to late April, and in 2-3 week before rice growing, be sprayed onto on rice plant with paraquat, make it stop growing and become withered and yellow death gradually, namely the residual body of paddy rice has covered earth's surface as organic matter;

(6) secondary sowing: in late May or rice growing season early June, after being soaked seed by seed-grain, be in strip and broadcast sowing Chinese milk vetch Tanaka, line-spacing, distance, the density of every nest grain seed rice general rice growing is routinely carried out; Carry out sowing or using artificial seeding with special sower.

2. free-plowing and directly-seeding method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the weed killer herbicide described in step (1) is Glufosinate.