CN104521512A - Soil covering, drought resisting and seedling conserving cultivation method for planting corns among spring bean stubble - Google Patents
Soil covering, drought resisting and seedling conserving cultivation method for planting corns among spring bean stubble Download PDFInfo
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- CN104521512A CN104521512A CN201410822469.3A CN201410822469A CN104521512A CN 104521512 A CN104521512 A CN 104521512A CN 201410822469 A CN201410822469 A CN 201410822469A CN 104521512 A CN104521512 A CN 104521512A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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Abstract
The invention discloses a soil covering, drought resisting and seedling conserving cultivation method for planting corns among spring bean stubble. The method includes the steps of A, removing the stubble, wherein the spring bean stubble is cleaned away, 120 cm wide furrow faces and 40 cm wide furrows are reserved, and 6-7 cm thick narrow rotary pillage or manual stubble removing is performed; B, establishing furrows, wherein the sowing furrows which are about 6 cm deep are transversely established on the furrow faces, and the row space is 40 cm; C, sowing seeds, wherein the seeds are evenly sown in the sowing furrows, and after seedlings are in full stand, the number of the seedlings in each mu of land is about 4500 to 5000 according to final singling; D, performing watering, wherein the sowing furrows are sufficiently watered through bottom water; E, covering the seeds, wherein the seeds are covered with thin soil the instant that there is no open water in the sowing furrows, and the thin soil on the core seeds is about 4 cm thick; F, performing soil covering, wherein the furrow faces are covered with thin soil so that watered soil cannot be seen on the sowing furrows of the furrow faces, and the thin soil on the corn seeds is about 5 cm thick; G, conserving the seedlings, wherein before or after the corn seedlings are in full stand, insects, hares, wild pigeons and the like are prevented from damaging the tender seedlings; H, preserving moisture, wherein after the seeds are sown, the furrow faces are covered with thin soil every other five days by principle, when it is proper to plough soil after raining, the furrow faces are covered with thin soil in time, moisture evaporation is reduced, the furrows faces are covered with thin soil about 4 times to 5 times within 20 days after the seeds are sown, and the furrows faces are covered with the thin soil which is about 0.8 cm thick at each time; I, performing management, wherein daily field management is performed.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the methods of cultivation of corn earthing keeping crop seedling from drought, particularly relate to south China hilly and mountainous land, nonirrigated farmland, Plain, the methods of cultivation of spring soybean stubble maize planting earthing keeping crop seedling from drought.
Background technology
Corn is important cereal crops, and the sowing area of China is only second to paddy rice, wheat comes in third.Corn, by sowing time, can be divided into spring corn, summer corn and autumn corn.China has a large population and ploughs less, and grain-production can study not complete problem.When exploring existing crop allocation, cropping system, raise the multiple-cropping index, expand maize sown area and output, finding suitable crop succession, bringing up stable cropping system is prerequisite, the farming technique of supporting high and stable yields is crucial, walks to meet the new approach of south China development Maize Production.
At present, spring soybean stubble maize planting irrigates the keeping crop seedling from drought methods of cultivation, and concrete grammar comprises the following steps:
1, stubble-cleaning, about mid or late July after soybean listing, cleans out field weeds, mulch film etc., rises stubble and retains the wide furrow face of 120cm and the wide furrow ditch of 40cm afterwards;
2, irrigate, under fine day high temperature and drought, after the field flood irrigation of soybean plate, discharge field internal water accumulation in time;
3, beat cave, furrow face is suitable beats cave, dark about the 7cm in cave, distance between rows and hills 40 × 30cm when ploughing, furrow ditch at interior 53.3 × 30cm, every mu of 4163 caves;
4, sow, select breeding time short can in frost before maturation early-maturing variety, every bunch planting 2, every mu of final singling 4163 strain after neat seedling;
5, lid kind, earthing lid kind, the thick 5-6cm of blinding;
6, seedling-protection, before and after the neat seedling of corn, tender seedling is easily subject to the injury of insect, hare, rock dove etc., will carry out preventing and controlling in time;
7, drought resisting, runs into damage caused by a drought, and irrigate through furrow night keeping crop seedling from drought;
8, manage, carry out intertill and clean tillage, topdress, the field management such as prevention and elimination of disease and pests.
Above-mentioned spring soybean stubble maize planting, adopts the methods of cultivation of irrigating keeping crop seedling from drought, there is following defect:
1, spring soybean stubble maize planting, it is successful for irrigating keeping crop seedling from drought paddy field, and corn per mu yield is at about 500 kilograms.But the economic benefit of paddy planting corn is high less than rice cultivation, the tradition of also producing paddy rice with southern paddy field does not conform to;
2, paddy field spring soybean stubble maize planting, flood irrigation, furrow irrigation drough-relief method cannot be applied in nonirrigated farmland, can not change southern hills mountain region, spring soybean stubble volt in nonirrigated farmland, Plain ploughs the present situation of lying fallow.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is spring soybean stubble maize planting, overcome high temperature on the hot summer days, arid, the weather condition of the easy seed decay and seedling death of corn, strives Qi Miao and saves seedling from damage, provides a kind of corn earthing keeping crop seedling from drought, the methods of cultivation of high and stable yields.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this: a kind of spring soybean stubble maize planting earthing keeping crop seedling from drought methods of cultivation comprise the following steps:
A) stubble-cleaning, about mid or late July, stubble is risen in soybean listing, retains the furrow face that 120cm is wide, the furrow ditch that 40cm is wide, and deeply, soil block fills and leads up furrow ditch through stubble-cleaning wholely, for later earthing keeping crop seedling from drought provides Tu Yuan for shallow rotary tillage or artificial stubble-cleaning 6-7cm;
B) ward off ditch, break furrow face soil block into pieces with hoe, laterally open up seed furrow or release seed furrow, line-spacing 40cm, ditch depth about 6cm with hoe;
C) sow, select breeding time short can in frost before maturation early-maturing variety, broadcast with the even grain of seed furrow; About Qi Miaohou every mu final singling 4500-5000 strain;
D) water, in seed furrow, water vola water, due to high temperature burning sun on the hot summer days, even if soil moisture content is not very arid, also will water end water, guarantee the moisture content needed for emergence of corn growth;
E) lid kind, in seed furrow without open fire in time with fine earth lid kind water conservation, on maize seed, fine earth thickness is about 4cm;
F) earthing, lid strikes soil block further after planting and covers fine earth, and make furrow face tend to smooth, can't see the soil that seed furrow has print wet, after earthing, on maize seed, fine earth thickness is about 5cm;
G) seedling-protection, before and after the neat seedling of corn, tender seedling is easily subject to out the injury of insect, hare, rock dove etc., will carry out preventing and controlling in time;
H) moisturizing, in after planting about 6 days corn neat seedling stages, furrow face covers fine earth keeping crop seedling from drought, and hoe pine breaks thin furrow ditch soil into pieces, prevents soil block from weighing seedling wounded.Cover a fine earth every 5 days furrow faces in principle, become a fine day furrow ditch soil furrow face when ploughing of fitting after rain and cover fine earth in time, reduce water evaporates.In after planting 20 days, furrow face covers fine earth 4-5 time, and each covering fine earth about 0.8cm, realizes earthing keeping crop seedling from drought;
I) manage, carry out topdress, weeding, the field management such as prevention and elimination of disease and pests.
Owing to have employed technique scheme, in hilly and mountainous land, nonirrigated farmland, Plain, after spring soybean stubble corn seeding, dark furrow ditch, soil crushing, covers fine earth, cover a fine earth every 5 days furrow faces in principle, become a fine day soil furrow face when ploughing of fitting after rain and cover fine earth in time, reduce water evaporates.In after planting 20 days, furrow face covers fine earth 4-5 time, realizes earthing keeping crop seedling from drought.Facts have proved, select the early ripening maize that breeding time is short, mid or late July sows neat seedling than the corn high and stable yields sowing neat seedling about early June, because the corn sowed about early June, in nonirrigated farmland, hilly and mountainous land Plain, running into high temperature and drought weather cannot irrigate drought resisting, and often the underproduction is even had no harvest.And mid or late July insemination and emergence corn, adopt the earthing keeping crop seedling from drought methods of cultivation, degree of safety can cross the weather of high temperature and drought, obtain the Rate of climatic guarantee of good harvest more than 80%, corn per mu yield is at about 500 kilograms.Under present invention achieves the weather condition of high temperature and drought on the hot summer days, the cropping system of spring soybean stubble maize planting high and stable yields, change nonirrigated farmland, southern hills upland plain, spring soybean stubble volt ploughs the present situation of leisure, walk to meet the new approach of south China development Maize Production, economic benefit, social benefit and Ecological Effect Yidu are improved.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the invention will be further described.
Embodiment 1:
Spring soybean stubble beats the field of cave maize planting, the earthing keeping crop seedling from drought methods of cultivation:
A) stubble-cleaning, stubble is risen in soybean listing, retains the furrow face that 120cm is wide, the furrow ditch that 40cm is wide, and deeply, soil block fills and leads up furrow ditch through stubble-cleaning wholely, for later earthing keeping crop seedling from drought provides Tu Yuan for shallow rotary tillage or artificial stubble-cleaning 6-7cm;
B) beat cave, break furrow face soil block into pieces with hoe and beat cave, dark about the 6cm in cave, distance between rows and hills 40 × 30cm, furrow ditch at interior 53.3 × 30cm, every mu of 4163 caves;
C) sow, the early ripening maize kind selecting breeding time short, every bunch planting kind 2, every mu of final singling 4163 strain after neat seedling;
D) water, Nei Jiao vola, cave water, guarantees the moisture content needed for emergence of corn growth;
E) lid kind, in cave without open fire in time by fine earth lid kind, thick about the 4cm of blinding;
F) earthing, lid strikes soil block further after planting and covers fine earth, can't see the soil that sowing cave has print wet, thick about the 5cm of fine earth on maize seed after earthing;
G) seedling-protection, before and after the neat seedling of corn, tender seedling is easily subject to out the injury of insect, hare, rock dove etc., will carry out preventing and controlling in time;
H) moisturizing, in after planting about 6 days corn neat seedling stages, furrow face covers fine earth keeping crop seedling from drought, and hoe pine breaks thin furrow ditch soil into pieces, prevents soil block from weighing seedling wounded.Cover a fine earth every 5 days furrow faces in principle, become a fine day furrow ditch soil furrow face when ploughing of fitting after rain and cover fine earth in time, reduce water evaporates.In after planting 20 days, furrow face covers fine earth 4-5 time, and each fine earth about 0.8cm that covers realizes earthing keeping crop seedling from drought;
I) manage, carry out topdress, weeding, the field management such as prevention and elimination of disease and pests.
Embodiment 2:
Wide furrow spring soybean stubble maize planting, the earthing keeping crop seedling from drought methods of cultivation:
A) stubble-cleaning, about mid or late July, stubble is risen in soybean listing, retains the furrow face that 280cm is wide, the furrow ditch that 40cm is wide, and deeply, soil block fills and leads up furrow ditch through stubble-cleaning wholely, for later earthing keeping crop seedling from drought provides Tu Yuan for shallow rotary tillage or artificial stubble-cleaning 6-7cm;
B) ward off ditch, the furrow face that 280cm is wide, the furrow ditch that centre stays 40cm wide, change the furrow face that every furrow 120cm is wide into.Break furrow face soil block into pieces with hoe, laterally ward off seed furrow or release seed furrow, line-spacing 40cm, ditch depth about 6cm with hoe;
C) sow, select breeding time short can in frost before maturation early-maturing variety, broadcast with the even grain of seed furrow, after neat seedling about every mu of final singling 4500-5000 strain;
D) water, in seed furrow, water vola water, due to high temperature burning sun on the hot summer days, even if soil moisture content is not very arid, also will water end water, guarantee the moisture content needed for emergence of corn growth;
E) lid kind, in seed furrow without open fire in time with fine earth lid kind water conservation, on maize seed, fine earth thickness is about 4cm;
F) earthing, lid strikes soil block further after planting and covers fine earth, and make furrow face tend to smooth, can't see the soil that seed furrow has print wet, after earthing, on maize seed, fine earth thickness is about 5cm;
G) seedling-protection, before and after the neat seedling of corn, tender seedling is easily subject to out the injury of insect, hare, rock dove etc., will carry out preventing and controlling in time;
H) moisturizing, in after planting about 6 days corn neat seedling stages, furrow face covers fine earth keeping crop seedling from drought, and hoe pine breaks thin furrow ditch soil into pieces, prevents soil block from weighing seedling wounded.Cover a fine earth every 5 days furrow faces in principle, when becoming a fine day after rain that furrow ditch soil is suitable to be ploughed, furrow face covers fine earth in time, reduces water evaporates.In after planting 20 days, furrow face covers fine earth 4-5 time, and each covering fine earth about 0.8cm, realizes earthing keeping crop seedling from drought;
I) manage, carry out topdress, weeding, the field management such as prevention and elimination of disease and pests.
Claims (1)
1. spring soybean stubble maize planting earthing keeping crop seedling from drought methods of cultivation, is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
A) stubble-cleaning, about mid or late July, stubble is risen in soybean listing, retains the furrow face that 120cm is wide, the furrow ditch that 40cm is wide, and deeply, through stubble-cleaning whole ground, soil block fills and leads up furrow ditch, for earthing provides Tu Yuan for shallow rotary tillage or artificial stubble-cleaning 6-7cm;
B) ward off ditch, while break soil block limit into pieces to ward off ditch, furrow face is laterally warded off seed furrow or is released seed furrow, line-spacing 40cm, ditch depth about 6cm with hoe;
C) sow, broadcast with the even grain of seed furrow, after neat seedling about every mu of final singling 4500-5000 strain;
D) water, in seed furrow, water vola water;
E) lid kind, in seed furrow without open fire in time by fine earth lid kind, thick about the 4cm of fine earth on maize seed;
F) earthing, while break soil block limit into pieces to cover fine earth, accomplishes furrow face seed furrow to be can't see the wet soil of print, thick about the 5cm of fine earth on maize seed;
G) keep a full stand of seedings, before and after the neat seedling of corn, the tender seedlings of injury such as control insect, hare, rock dove;
H) moisturizing, after emergence of corn, covers a fine earth every 5 days furrow faces in principle, after rain, soil furrow face when ploughing of fitting covers fine earth in time, and reduce water evaporates, in after planting 20 days, furrow face covers fine earth 4-5 time, each covering fine earth about 0.8cm, realizes earthing keeping crop seedling from drought;
I) manage, carry out daily field management.
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| CN201410822469.3A CN104521512A (en) | 2014-12-26 | 2014-12-26 | Soil covering, drought resisting and seedling conserving cultivation method for planting corns among spring bean stubble |
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| CN201410822469.3A CN104521512A (en) | 2014-12-26 | 2014-12-26 | Soil covering, drought resisting and seedling conserving cultivation method for planting corns among spring bean stubble |
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Citations (4)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1817084A (en) * | 2006-03-02 | 2006-08-16 | 东北师范大学 | Tillage method for drought-resistant and fertilizer-containing corn |
| CN101911896A (en) * | 2010-07-21 | 2010-12-15 | 辽宁省农业科学院耕作栽培研究所 | Corn near stubble minimal tillage drought resisting planting method |
| CN103404335A (en) * | 2013-07-30 | 2013-11-27 | 甘肃省农业科学院旱地农业研究所 | Method for storing moisture and preventing drought in dry farming spring corn area |
| CN103583180A (en) * | 2013-10-17 | 2014-02-19 | 固镇县淮鸿灰天鹅养殖专业合作社 | Drought resistant cultivation method for corn |
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2014
- 2014-12-26 CN CN201410822469.3A patent/CN104521512A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1817084A (en) * | 2006-03-02 | 2006-08-16 | 东北师范大学 | Tillage method for drought-resistant and fertilizer-containing corn |
| CN101911896A (en) * | 2010-07-21 | 2010-12-15 | 辽宁省农业科学院耕作栽培研究所 | Corn near stubble minimal tillage drought resisting planting method |
| CN103404335A (en) * | 2013-07-30 | 2013-11-27 | 甘肃省农业科学院旱地农业研究所 | Method for storing moisture and preventing drought in dry farming spring corn area |
| CN103583180A (en) * | 2013-10-17 | 2014-02-19 | 固镇县淮鸿灰天鹅养殖专业合作社 | Drought resistant cultivation method for corn |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
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| 河北农业大学科教兴农中心: "早春茄子育苗技术", 《河北太行之路网站HTTP//WWW.THROAD.CN/ART/2011/11/20/ART_248_4573.HTML》 * |
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Application publication date: 20150422 |