A kind of prevention and controls of Fructus Pruni pseudocerasi nutritional deficiency disease yellows
Technical field
The prevention and controls of a kind of Fructus Pruni pseudocerasi nutritional deficiency disease yellows, belongs to fruit and vegerable technical field of cultivation.
Background technology
Fructus Pruni pseudocerasi be northern China deciduous fruit tree relaying cherry after fruit maturation fruit tree species the earliest.Chinese medicine and pharmacy is thought, Fructus Pruni pseudocerasi has QI invigorating in tune, the function of wind-damp dispelling.
The cardinal symptom of Fructus Pruni pseudocerasi nutritional deficiency disease yellows is yellowing leaf or blade is reticulate pattern yellow, initial stage mesophyll chlorosis before this turns yellow, yellowing increases the weight of subsequently, young sprout tender leaf is entirely in yellow-white, and the Lao Ye of bottom occurs that yellow, blade edge start to produce the speckle of the shrivelled shape of brown, blade is downright bad gradually, severe patient blade is shrivelled to come off, tip buds die, causes that whole strain fruit tree is dead.
The reason of Fructus Pruni pseudocerasi generation yellows due in cherry tree body the element such as iron deficiency, magnesium, zinc, manganese cause, tracing it to its cause, it is low to be because these elements effectiveness in soil, low in the internal mobility of cherry tree.The reason of cherry tree nutritional deficiency mainly has following several: soil is containing saline and alkaline many, and in alkaline soils, PH is too high, makes the cycling of elements such as ferrum, magnesium, zinc, manganese become inactive elemental, it is impossible to be directly absorbed and used by plants, and forms nutritional deficiency disease chlorosis;The soil organism is too low, and soil with organic matter content is low, and the effectiveness of element declines, it is impossible to utilized by Root Absorption;Soil Phosphorus, violent, zinc element too high levels, irrational fertilising, cause the antagonism of some element;Soil property and pouring water, soil glue weight, impeded drainage orchard nutritional deficiency disease morbidity generally heavier, pour water many, it is easy to cause root system to be in the state of anoxia, affect the root system absorption to various elements, cause nutritional deficiency chlorosis symptom.
Fructus Pruni pseudocerasi is planted family, an aspect of the simply planting fruit trees of applying fertilizers scientifically, and the plantation knowledge enriched constantly, improve field management ability, it is provided that the water of sufficient balance, fertilizer, medicine supply are only the basic guarantee reaching high yield, high-quality conscientiously.
Summary of the invention
It is a kind of simple that the present invention overcomes the deficiency that prior art exists, technical problem to be solved to be to provide, and with low cost, cure rate is high, by strengthening the method that the method for Fructus Pruni pseudocerasi balance fertilizing prevents Fructus Pruni pseudocerasi nutritional deficiency disease yellows.
For solving above-mentioned technical problem, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is: the prevention and controls of a kind of Fructus Pruni pseudocerasi nutritional deficiency disease yellows, according to the processing maturation period of Fructus Pruni pseudocerasi, cherry tree is applied different fertilizer.
Detailed process includes following method:
(1) early September to 9 the end of month, cherry tree root is applied the sheep stool become thoroughly decomposed, organic-inorganic complex fertilizer and biological organic fertilizer, the ratio of the sheep stool wherein become thoroughly decomposed, organic-inorganic complex fertilizer and biological organic fertilizer is 20-40:2.5-3.5:1, applies fertilizer by the total amount of every strain 23.5-44.5kg;Preferably will apply after the mixing of three kinds of fertilizer in wide 40-50cm, the ring-type of deep 40-50cm or strip ditch during fertilising;
(2) before Second Year germination in spring, cherry tree root applying carbamide or the night soil become thoroughly decomposed, wherein preferred dose, the applied amount of carbamide is 0.25-0.5kg/ strain, and the applied amount of the night soil become thoroughly decomposed is 4-5kg/ strain;Ring-type or the method for radial ditch spread, the same step of ditch depth (1) can be adopted;
(3) after fallen flowers in spring, cherry tree root is applied organic-inorganic complex fertilizer, filling a small amount of water the mixture to the micro-fertilizer of foliage-spray potassium dihydrogen phosphate or amino acids and potassium dihydrogen phosphate after fertilising, wherein the applied amount of organic-inorganic complex fertilizer is 0.5-1kg/ strain;The concentration of potassium dihydrogen phosphate is 0.2-0.3wt%, sprays 1-2 time;
(4) after Fructus Pruni pseudocerasi is gathered, to the urea liquid that leaf surface spraying concentration is 0.2-0.3% or, and root is applied to become thoroughly decomposed cake fertilizer and organic-inorganic compound mixed fertilizer, the applied amount of the cake fertilizer that becomes thoroughly decomposed is 5-6kg/ strain, and the applied amount of organic-inorganic complex fertilizer is 1-2kg/ strain;Ring-type or radial ditch spread, ditch depth 30-40cm is adopted during fertilising.
During control dressing furrow, note trying not to injure root system.
The method of the present invention is not necessarily limited to above-mentioned sequence of steps, for instance if starting to adopt this law is in the early spring, then can from step (2), according to (2), (3), (4), (1) order carry out periodically applying fertilizer.By that analogy, then according to practical situation, using step (3) or (4) as initial fertilising step it is also possible that.
The organic-inorganic complex fertilizer (fruit tree is special) of present invention employing and biological organic fertilizer are all purchased from Jiangsu Yonglu Fertilizer Co., Ltd..Amino Acid Chelated Mineral Fertilizer used is the LF-001 type of Nationwide Agricultural Technology Promotion Service Center's exploitation.
The organic-inorganic complex fertilizer that Jiangsu Yonglu Fertilizer Co., Ltd. produces, is formed by rapeseed cake fermentation, processes through special technical matters, containing aminoacid 8-10%, has the following characteristics that utilization rate of fertilizer is high, and fertilizer efficiency is strong;Can improve and improve crop quality, the mouthfeel of improvement agricultural product;Improvement and vegetable soil;Free amino acid can direct utilization absorbed by crops, organic nutrient degradation time is long, and leaching runs off few, it is possible to the whole growth cycle crop provides balanced nutrition to crop;Save human and material resources, high financial profit.
The biological organic fertilizer that Jiangsu Yonglu Fertilizer Co., Ltd. produces, the growth of soil-borne disease pathogenic microorganism in obstacle soil can be suppressed, be conducive to the recovery of beneficial microbe colony in soil, the nutritional condition of crop is improved by the vital movement of microorganism, growth activity material is provided for plant, improving the drought-resistant ability of plant, the nitrogen in fertilizer can improve the deliverability coordinating soil nitrogen nutrient.
Compared with prior art the invention have the advantages that.
Cherry tree is applied different fertilizer according to the processing maturation period of Fructus Pruni pseudocerasi by the present invention, strengthens the balance fertilizing of Fructus Pruni pseudocerasi, thus reaching the prevention effect of Fructus Pruni pseudocerasi nutritional deficiency disease yellows, method is simple, low price.
According to inventor's years of researches and practical experience, Fructus Pruni pseudocerasi nutritional deficiency disease yellows premorbid, fertilising can prevent the appearance of Fructus Pruni pseudocerasi nutritional deficiency disease yellows in the present inventive method, and the Fructus Pruni pseudocerasi of morbidity applies fertilizer in the present inventive method, the effective percentage 100% for the treatment of Fructus Pruni pseudocerasi nutritional deficiency disease yellows, cure rate about 95%.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the invention will be further described.
Embodiment 1
The prevention and controls of a kind of Fructus Pruni pseudocerasi nutritional deficiency disease yellows, carries out periodically fertilising in accordance with the following steps:
(1) early September to 9 the end of month, the sheep stool 20kg that will become thoroughly decomposed, after organic-inorganic complex fertilizer 2.5kg and biological organic fertilizer 1kg mixing, applies fertilizer to around cherry tree root;
(2), before Second Year germination in spring, cherry tree root is applied carbamide 0.25kg/ strain;
(3), after fallen flowers in spring, cherry tree root is applied organic-inorganic complex fertilizer 0.5kg/ strain, after fertilising, fills a small amount of water, and to the potassium dihydrogen phosphate that leaf surface spraying concentration is 0.2wt% 1 time;
(4), after Fructus Pruni pseudocerasi is gathered, it is the urea liquid of 0.2wt% to leaf surface spraying concentration, and root is applied to become thoroughly decomposed cake fertilizer 6kg/ strain and organic-inorganic compound mixed fertilizer 1kg/ strain.
Embodiment 2
The prevention and controls of a kind of Fructus Pruni pseudocerasi nutritional deficiency disease yellows, carries out periodically fertilising in accordance with the following steps:
(1) early September to 9 the end of month, the sheep stool 40kg that will become thoroughly decomposed, after organic-inorganic complex fertilizer 3.5kg and biological organic fertilizer 1kg mixing, applies fertilizer to around cherry tree root;
(2), before Second Year germination in spring, cherry tree root is applied the night soil 5kg/ strain become thoroughly decomposed;
(3) after fallen flowers in spring, cherry tree root is applied organic-inorganic complex fertilizer, after fertilising, fills a small amount of water, and be mixed in the solution that concentration is 0.3wt% after the micro-fertilizer of 0.2wt% amino acids foliage-spray 2 times, spray and be spaced apart 7 days;
(4), after Fructus Pruni pseudocerasi is gathered, it is the Freamine Ⅲ of 0.3wt% to leaf surface spraying concentration, and root is applied to become thoroughly decomposed cake fertilizer 5kg/ strain and organic-inorganic compound mixed fertilizer 2kg/ strain.
Embodiment 3
The prevention and controls of a kind of Fructus Pruni pseudocerasi nutritional deficiency disease yellows, carries out periodically fertilising in accordance with the following steps:
(1) early September to 9 the end of month, to the annular groove digging wide 40cm, deep 50cm around cherry tree root, the sheep stool 33kg that will become thoroughly decomposed, uniformly spread fertilizer over the fields in annular groove after organic-inorganic complex fertilizer 3kg and biological organic fertilizer 1kg mixing, then earthing landfill;
(2), before Second Year germination in spring, cherry tree root is applied carbamide 0.3kg/ strain;
(3) after fallen flowers in spring, cherry tree root is applied organic-inorganic complex fertilizer 0.7kg/ strain, after fertilising, fills a small amount of water, and to the potassium dihydrogen phosphate that leaf surface spraying concentration is 0.2wt% 2 times, spray and be spaced apart 8 days;
(4), after Fructus Pruni pseudocerasi is gathered, it is the urea liquid of 0.3wt% to leaf surface spraying concentration, and root is applied to become thoroughly decomposed cake fertilizer 5.5kg/ strain and organic-inorganic compound mixed fertilizer 1.5kg/ strain.
Embodiment 4
The prevention and controls of a kind of Fructus Pruni pseudocerasi nutritional deficiency disease yellows, carries out periodically fertilising in accordance with the following steps:
(1) early September to 9 the end of month, to the strip ditch digging wide 45cm, deep 45cm around cherry tree root, the sheep stool 35kg that will become thoroughly decomposed, uniformly spread fertilizer over the fields in strip ditch after organic-inorganic complex fertilizer 2.9kg and biological organic fertilizer 1kg mixing, then earthing landfill;
(2), before Second Year germination in spring, cherry tree root is applied the night soil 4.2kg/ strain become thoroughly decomposed;
(3) after fallen flowers in spring, cherry tree root is applied organic-inorganic complex fertilizer 0.7kg/ strain, fill a small amount of water after fertilising, and be 0.3wt% potassium dihydrogen phosphate is mixed into 0.2wt% amino acids micro-fertilizer blade face is sprayed 2 times in concentration, spray and be spaced apart 10 days;
(4), after Fructus Pruni pseudocerasi is gathered, it is the Freamine Ⅲ of 0.3wt% to leaf surface spraying concentration, and root is applied to become thoroughly decomposed cake fertilizer 5.2kg/ strain and organic-inorganic compound mixed fertilizer 1.6kg/ strain.
Embodiment 5
The prevention and controls of a kind of Fructus Pruni pseudocerasi nutritional deficiency disease yellows, carries out periodically fertilising in accordance with the following steps:
(1) early September to 9 the end of month, the sheep stool 27kg that will become thoroughly decomposed, after organic-inorganic complex fertilizer 3.5kg and biological organic fertilizer 1kg mixing, applies fertilizer to around cherry tree root;
(2), before Second Year germination in spring, cherry tree root is applied carbamide 0.4kg/ strain;
(3), after fallen flowers in spring, cherry tree root is applied organic-inorganic complex fertilizer 0.8kg/ strain, after fertilising, fills a small amount of water, and to the potassium dihydrogen phosphate that leaf surface spraying concentration is 0.3wt% 1 time;
(4), after Fructus Pruni pseudocerasi is gathered, it is the Freamine Ⅲ of 0.2wt% to leaf surface spraying concentration, and root is applied to become thoroughly decomposed cake fertilizer 5.5kg/ strain and organic-inorganic compound mixed fertilizer 1.3kg/ strain.
Embodiment 6
The prevention and controls of a kind of Fructus Pruni pseudocerasi nutritional deficiency disease yellows, carries out periodically fertilising in accordance with the following steps:
(1) early September to 9 the end of month, the sheep stool 30kg that will become thoroughly decomposed, after organic-inorganic complex fertilizer 3.2kg and biological organic fertilizer 1kg mixing, applies fertilizer to around cherry tree root;
(2), before Second Year germination in spring, cherry tree root is applied carbamide 0.4kg/ strain;
(3), after fallen flowers in spring, cherry tree root is applied organic-inorganic complex fertilizer 0.7kg/ strain, after fertilising, fills a small amount of water, and to the potassium dihydrogen phosphate that leaf surface spraying concentration is 0.2wt% 1 time;
(4), after Fructus Pruni pseudocerasi is gathered, it is the urea liquid of 0.2wt% to leaf surface spraying concentration, and root is applied to become thoroughly decomposed cake fertilizer 5.3kg/ strain and organic-inorganic compound mixed fertilizer 2kg/ strain;Around root, dig out the annular groove of deep 30cm, uniformly imbed in annular groove after will become thoroughly decomposed cake fertilizer and organic-inorganic compound mixed fertilizer mixing.
Concrete case
JIUYUE in 2011 in JIUYUE, 2014, the test through 3 years in Nan Fanzhenshi village, Jiangxian County, Shanxi Province, the method adopting the present invention in 3 years carries out the Fructus Pruni pseudocerasi applied fertilizer, and cherry tree healthy before test is without suffering from nutritional deficiency disease yellows in 3 years, and prevention Fructus Pruni pseudocerasi nutritional deficiency disease yellows effective percentage has reached 100%;Morbidity before test, and in process of the test, the cherry tree of other non-initial subjects suffers from nutritional deficiency disease yellows, adopts this method to carry out fertilising treatment, cure rate has reached 95% through statistics.
Visible, the method for the present invention is highly effective for the preventing and treating of Fructus Pruni pseudocerasi nutritional deficiency disease yellows.
The present invention can summarizing without prejudice to the spirit of the present invention or the concrete form of principal character with other.Therefore, no matter from which point, the embodiment above of the present invention all can only think that the description of the invention can not limit invention, claims indicate the scope of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not pointed out in above-mentioned explanation, therefore, any change in the implication suitable with claims of the present invention and scope, all it is considered as being included in the scope of claims.