CN104465542A - 具有模塑通孔的叠层封装结构 - Google Patents

具有模塑通孔的叠层封装结构 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104465542A
CN104465542A CN201410341681.8A CN201410341681A CN104465542A CN 104465542 A CN104465542 A CN 104465542A CN 201410341681 A CN201410341681 A CN 201410341681A CN 104465542 A CN104465542 A CN 104465542A
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Prior art keywords
moulding compound
connector
packaging part
srs
multiple connector
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CN201410341681.8A
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CN104465542B (zh
Inventor
游明志
李福仁
林柏尧
刘国全
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Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Co TSMC Ltd
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Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Co TSMC Ltd
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    • H01L23/3107—Encapsulations, e.g. encapsulating layers, coatings, e.g. for protection characterised by the arrangement or shape the device being completely enclosed
    • H01L23/3121—Encapsulations, e.g. encapsulating layers, coatings, e.g. for protection characterised by the arrangement or shape the device being completely enclosed a substrate forming part of the encapsulation
    • H01L23/3128—Encapsulations, e.g. encapsulating layers, coatings, e.g. for protection characterised by the arrangement or shape the device being completely enclosed a substrate forming part of the encapsulation the substrate having spherical bumps for external connection
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Abstract

本文公开了一种器件，包括：具有第一侧的第一封装件，第一侧具有设置在其上的多个连接件；以及通过连接件安装在第一封装件上的第二封装件。模塑料设置在第一封装件的第一侧上以及第一封装件和第二封装件之间。多个应力消除结构(SRS)设置在模塑料中，多个SRS中的每个均包括位于模塑料中并且与多个连接件中的每个都间隔开的不含金属的腔。本发明涉及一种具有模塑通孔的叠层封装结构。

Description

具有模塑通孔的叠层封装结构
技术领域
本发明涉及一种具有模塑通孔的叠层封装结构。
背景技术
半导体器件用于各种电子应用中，诸如个人电脑、手机、数码相机和其他电子设备。通常，通过在半导体衬底上方循序地沉积绝缘或介电层、导电层和半导体材料层，然后使用光刻图案化各种材料层以在其上形成电路部件和元件来制造半导体器件。
通过不断地减小最小部件尺寸以允许更多的部件集成到给定区域中，半导体工业不断地改进各种电子部件(例如，晶体管、二极管、电阻器、电容器等)的集成密度。在一些情况下，这些较小的电子部件也需要比以前的封装件利用更小的面积的更小的封装件。
由于叠层封装(PoP)技术具有允许在较小的整体封装件内更密集的集成集成电路的能力，因此叠层封装技术正变得越来越流行。在诸如智能手机的许多先进的手持设备中采用PoP技术。虽然PoP技术已允许较小的封装件轮廓，但是总厚度的减小当前仍受到接合点高度和邻近的接合点之间的距离(称为间距)的限制。通过在第二封装件上堆叠具有一个或多个管芯的封装件或衬底，并以导电互连件连接封装件来形成PoP器件。
发明内容
针对现有技术中存在的问题，根据本发明的一个方面，提供了一种器件，包括：衬底，具有第一侧，在所述第一侧上设置有多个连接件和管芯；模塑料，设置在所述第一侧上并且围绕所述多个连接件中的每个；以及应力消除结构(SRS)，设置在所述模塑料中，所述SRS包括位于所述模塑料中并且与所述多个连接件中的每个分隔开的腔。
在上述器件中，还包括：位于所述模塑料中的多个连接件开口，所述多个连接件中的每个均设置在所述多个连接件开口的相应的一个中，其中，所述SRS与所述多个连接件开口分隔开。
在上述器件中，所述SRS设置在所述多个连接件和所述管芯之间。
在上述器件中，所述SRS具有圆锥形形状。
在上述器件中，所述管芯设置在所述多个连接件的中心区域中，并且所述SRS设置为邻近所述多个连接件的内部拐角区域。
在上述器件中，还包括：安装在所述衬底上方的封装件，所述模塑料设置在所述衬底和所述封装件之间，其中，所述多个连接件中的每个均在所述衬底和所述封装件之间延伸。
根据本发明的另一方面，还提供了一种器件，包括：第一封装件，具有第一侧，在所述第一侧上设置有多个连接件；第二封装件，通过所述连接件安装在所述第一封装件上；模塑料，设置在所述第一封装件的第一侧上和所述第一封装件与所述第二封装件之间；以及多个应力消除结构(SRS)，设置在所述模塑料中，所述多个SRS中的每个均包括位于所述模塑料中并且与所述多个连接件中的每个都间隔开的不含金属的腔。
在上述器件中，还包括：安装至所述第一封装件的第一侧的管芯，所述多个连接件设置在所述管芯周围，所述多个SRS中的每个位于所述多个连接件中的一个或多个与所述管芯之间。
在上述器件中，还包括：位于所述模塑料中的多个连接件开口，所述多个连接件中的每个均设置在所述多个连接件开口的相应的一个中，其中，所述多个SRS中的每个均与所述多个连接件开口分隔开。
在上述器件中，其中，所述多个SRS中的每个均具有与所述多个连接件开口中的一个相同的形状。
在上述器件中，其中，所述多个SRS的至少一个具有圆锥形形状。
在上述器件中，所述多个SRS中的每个均与所述多个连接件开口中的每个间隔开至少30μm。
在上述器件中，所述多个SRS的总表面积为所述模塑料的表面积的约0.01％和约15％之间。
根据本发明的又一方面，还提供了一种形成器件的方法，包括：在所述第一封装件的第一侧和所述第一封装件的第一侧上的多个连接件中的每个的周围形成模塑料；以及在所述模塑料中形成多个应力消除结构(SRS)，所述多个SRS中的每个均包括位于所述模塑料中并且与所述多个连接件中的每个间隔开的不含金属的腔。
在上述方法中，还包括：将管芯安装至所述第一封装件的第一侧，其中，形成所述模塑料包括在所述管芯周围形成模塑料。
在上述方法中，所述多个连接件设置在所述管芯周围，并且所述多个SRS中的每个均形成为邻近所述多个连接件的内部拐角区域以及形成在所述多个连接件的内部拐角区域与所述管芯之间。
在上述方法中，还包括：在所述模塑料中形成多个连接件开口，所述多个连接件中的每个均设置在所述多个连接件开口的相应的一个中，其中，所述多个SRS中的每个均与所述多个连接件开口分隔开。
在上述方法中，形成所述多个SRS和形成所述多个连接件开口包括去除所述模塑料的一部分。
在上述方法中，去除所述模塑料的一部分包括通过激光烧蚀去除所述模塑料的所述一部分。
在上述方法中，所述多个SRS中的每个均形成为具有包括正方形、圆形、椭圆形、矩形、环形、三角形、菱形或不规则多边形的形状。
附图说明
为了更全面地理解本发明及其优势，现将结合附图所进行的以下描述作为参考，其中：
图1A和图1B是根据实施例示出具有模塑的应力消除结构的封装件的示意图；
图2至图9示出了根据实施例的在形成具有模塑的应力消除结构的叠层封装结构中的中间步骤的截面图；
图10是根据实施例示出模塑的应力消除结构的结构的截面图；
图11A至图11F示出了根据各个实施例的模塑的应力消除结构的布局；以及
图12是根据实施例示出形成具有模塑的应力消除结构的叠层封装结构的方法的流程图。
除非另有说明，否则不同图中的相应标号和字符通常指的是相应的部件。绘制的图只用于说明实施例的相关方面，并且无需按比例绘制。
具体实施方式
下面详细地讨论了本发明的各实施例的制造和使用。然而，应该理解，本发明提供了许多可以在各种具体环境中实现的可应用的概念。所讨论的具体实施例仅仅说明了制造和使用本发明的具体方式，而不用于限制本发明的范围。应该注意，为了简化的目的，在每个后续的附图中并不包括全部的元件标号。相反，与每个附图的描述最相关的元件标号包括在每个附图中。
图1A和图1B分别是根据本发明的实施例的具有模塑料106的封装件100的透视图和顶视图，模塑料106具有形成在其中的应力消除结构(SRS)110。封装件100具有衬底112，衬底112的一侧上具有模塑料106。模塑料106具有连接件开口104，连接件102设置在每个连接件开口104中。管芯108安装在衬底112中并且镶嵌或以其他方式设置在模塑料106中。在实施例中，管芯108位于模塑料106的中心区域中。模塑料106也具有靠近连接件102的阵列的内部拐角(interior corner)的一个或多个SRS110。SRS110是模塑料106内的腔。
模塑料106、衬底112和管芯108中的每个可以具有不同的热膨胀系数(CTE)。在应用模塑料106之后的封装件100的热处理可以引起不同的元件在热处理的加热的条件下以不同的速率膨胀(expand)，从而可能会引起模塑料106形成裂缝。已经观察到应力引起的破裂在连接件102的阵列的内部拐角区最严重，连接件102的阵列的内部拐角区域在图1B中被识别为应力区域114。热应力趋于在应力区域114中引起破裂，尤其是在邻近的连接件开口104之间。模塑料106中的裂缝可以从模塑料106的顶面延伸至衬底112，从而使衬底112的表面上的迹线暴露并可能破裂。靠近应力区域114生成的SRS110消除模塑料106中的应力，从而减少模塑料106的破裂。
图2是根据实施例示出用于封装件100的衬底112的截面图。衬底112可以包括一个或多个衬底层202，衬底层202具有一个或多个导电元件206和一个或多个焊盘(land)204。虽然附图中示出了单个衬底112，但可以可选择地在包括多个衬底112的工件(未示出)上加工若干个衬底112，并且在随后的工艺步骤中可以分割工件。
导电元件206是连接焊盘204的金属通孔、迹线或其他导电部件。在实施例中，衬底112包括具有一个或多个焊盘204的一个或多个重分布层(RDL)(诸如介电层)，焊盘204可以通过导电元件206进行电连接。在其他实施例中，衬底112是PCB、载具或其他结构。
图3是根据一些实施例示出在衬底112上安装管芯108的截面图。一个或多个管芯108可以安装在焊盘204上。虽然为了清楚的目的仅示出了单个管芯108的安装，但可以将任意数量的管芯108安装至焊盘204。在一些实施例中，管芯108通过球栅阵列中的焊球302、通过表面安装技术、引脚网格阵列、引线互连件、导电粘合剂、插座或其他合适的技术安装至焊盘204。
图4是根据实施例示出在衬底112的顶部上形成连接件102的截面图。在这样的实施例中，连接件102是形成在焊盘204上的焊球。在其他实施例中，连接件102是接触柱(studs)、柱形件、凸块或其他导电部件。
图5是在连接件102上方形成的模塑料106的截面图。在实施例中，模塑料106是非导电材料，诸如环氧化物、树脂或可模塑聚合物等。在这样的实施例中，应用的模塑料106基本上是液态的(诸如以环氧化物或树脂的形式)，然后通过化学反应进行固化。在其他实施例中，模塑料106是应用为液体、胶体或可延展固体的紫外(UV)固化或热固化的聚合物。在另一个实施例中，模塑料106是无粘性干膜层。
在一个实施例中，提供模具，并且在应用和固化期间，模具保持并使模塑料106成形。例如，模具可以具有当应用时用于保持模塑料106材料的边界或其他部件。模具可以包括离型膜以帮助从模塑料106上分离模具。例如，在模塑料106是环氧化物或树脂的实施例中，离型膜用于防止模塑料106材料粘附至模具表面。
在实施例中，形成覆盖连接件102的模塑料106，并且管芯108具有暴露的顶面。在另一实施例中，模塑料106覆盖管芯108，并且在另一实施例中，在形成模塑料之后，通过模塑料106的表面暴露连接件102。
图6是根据实施例示出模塑料106的图案化的截面图。可以去除模塑料106的一部分以形成SRS110开口，在实施例中，SRS110开口是空的或不包括金属部件或连接件102。此外，从连接件102上方和周围去除模塑料106以形成连接件开口104。在实施例中，SRS110从模塑料106的顶面延伸穿过模塑料106。在这样的实施例中，每个SRS110均延伸至衬底112。在另一实施例中，SRS110部分地延伸穿过模塑料106，其中，部分模塑料106形成SRS110的最低表面或底面，使得部分模塑料106设置在SRS和衬底112之间。
在实施例中，通过激光烧蚀去除模塑料106以形成连接件开口104和SRS110。在这样的实施例中，激光用于通过烧除或烧蚀模塑料106来形成连接件开口104和SRS110。通过激光的功率、激光移动的速度或其他工艺因数来控制开口的深度。例如，激光的切割光束可以具有小于期望的连接件开口尺寸的宽度，并且激光可以通过在模塑料中切割通路来形成开口。由于模塑料比预期的连接件开口104的其他部分薄，因此激光在连接件102的中心部分上方以第一、较快的速度移动。激光可以在连接件102的边缘处以第二、较慢的速度移动，在连接件102的边缘处去除的模塑料的量较大，并且需要通过激光进行更深地切割以实现期望的深度。
在其他实施例中，图案化模塑料106，例如，通过蚀刻模塑料、通过在模塑料106是液态形式时模制模塑料106来成形、通过研磨或钻削或通过其他合适的工艺。
在实施例中，可以使用与形成连接件开口104相同的工艺形成SRS。因此，可以使用激光烧蚀形成SRS110。在另一个实施例中，在形成连接件开口104之前或之后，单独地形成SRS110。在这样的实施例中，可以使用与形成连接件开口104不同的技术形成SRS110。例如，在模制模塑料106期间形成连接件开口104，并且随后使用激光烧蚀形成SRS110。
在实施例中，连接件开口104和SRS110是圆形的并且形成为具有斜边，从而产生圆锥形形状。然而，连接件开口104和SRS110中的每个可以均具有非圆锥形形状。例如，连接件开口104可以形成为与连接件102的形状共形。在这样的实例中，可以在正方形或基本上正方形的连接件开口中设置正方形连接件。在实例中，SRS110可以是椭圆形的、不规则矩形或任何其他形状。此外，虽然单个SRS110示出为靠近连接件102的组设置，但是在实施例中，使用多个SRS110以有效地减小模塑料106中的应变。
图7是示出将封装连接件702应用至衬底112的截面图。在衬底112的底侧的焊盘204上形成一个或多个封装连接件702，从而产生配置为安装至另一个板、封装件、载具或PCB等的器件。在实施例中，封装连接件702是焊球。在其他实施例中，封装连接件702是凸块、接触柱、柱形件、焊盘网格阵列(LGA)元件、引脚或其他导电部件。
图8和图9是根据实施例示出将第二封装件802应用至封装件100的截面图。例如，第二封装件802具有衬底808，诸如中介板、封装衬底、另一个管芯或载具等，衬底808具有通过安装件806(诸如粘合剂、底部填充物、焊球网格等)的方式安装在其上的一个或多个管芯804。一个或多个封装安装件812沿着第二封装件802的底面设置。在实施例中，衬底808具有设置在诸如电介质、氧化物、树脂、PCB或其他电绝缘材料的绝缘层808中的一个或多个导电元件810。导电元件810设置在绝缘层808中并且将封装安装件812电连接至管芯804。
通过将连接件102与封装安装件812接触来使第二封装件802安装在封装件100上。在实施例中，连接件102和封装安装件812是焊球，并且通过回流焊球以形成接合点902来将第二封装件802安装至封装件100。在另一个实施例中，封装安装件802是接触柱、凸块或柱形件等，并且通过将封装连接件812焊接至封装件100，来将第二封装件802接合至封装件100。在又一个实施例中，第二封装件802通过焊盘网格阵列和焊盘、通过引脚和插座或通过其他导电结构连接至封装件100。
图10是根据实施例示出SRS110的结构的截面图。在实施例中，模塑料106位于诸如聚合物、氧化物或氮化物等的饰面层(finishing layer)1004上，并且具有介于约120μm和约140μm之间的厚度。饰面层1004位于诸如钝化层等的保护层1002上。
连接件开口104的底部宽度1008约等于或大于连接件102的宽度1006。在一些实施例中，SRS110具有与连接件开口104大约相同的尺寸或相同的形状。在实施例中，连接件宽度1006介于约170μm和约230μm之间，连接件开口底部宽度1008和SRS底部宽度介于约190μm和约250μm之间，并且连接件开口顶部宽度1010和SRS顶部宽度1016介于约370μm和约430μm之间。
SRS110与连接件开口104间隔开，从而使得在模塑料106表面形成期间的激光的布局中的任何未对准或误差均考虑在内。此外，SRS110与连接件开口104的间隔给连接件开口104周围的模塑料106提供了更高的强度。通过模塑料106的厚度、连接件开口104的间距、形成封装件100的结构的CTE确定SRS110的尺寸和间隔。具体地，SRS110与连接件开口104间隔开至少30μm的分隔距离。
在衬底112上提供模塑料106以部分防止衬底112的翘曲。SRS110的总表面积为模塑料106的表面积的约0.01％和约15％之间。在这样的实施例中，通过节约的用来形成SRS110的模塑料106的面积来确定SRS110的表面积。此外，每个SRS110的体积介于约8×10-6mm3和约5mm3之间。限制SRS110的体积和总表面积以防止模塑料106变弱并保持衬底支撑模塑料106。
图11A、图11B和图11C示出了涉及连接件102的阵列的SRS110布置的实施例的顶视图。如图11A所示，在实施例中，单个SRS110设置在管芯108(例如，参见图1A至图1B、图3至图9)和连接件102之间的连接件102阵列的内部拐角区域中，SRS110的尺寸或宽度小于连接件开口104的尺寸或宽度。在这样的实施例中，SRS110可以具有与连接件开口104相同的形状。
图11B示出了在管芯108(例如，参见图1A至图1B、图3至图9)和连接件102之间的连接件102阵列的内部拐角区域中设置的多个SRS110的实施例。示出的SRS110的尺寸或宽度小于连接件开口104的尺寸或宽度小于，但是可以使用其他尺寸和形状。图11C示出了在连接件102的阵列的内部拐角区域中和连接件102之间均设置的一个或多个SRS110的实施例。
图11D、图11E和图11F示出了根据实施例的SRS110的不同形状的顶视图。如图11D所示，在实施例中，SRS110可以具有设置在其中的两个以上的连接件102，SRS110的壁与连接件102分隔开并且两个连接件102之间的模塑料106中具有间隙或空间。图11E示出了SRS110是设置在管芯108(例如，参见图1A至图1B、图3至图9)和连接件102之间的连接件102的阵列的内部拐角区域中的部分环形的实施例。图11F示出了设置在管芯108(例如，参见图1A至图1B、图3至图9)和连接件102之间的连接件102的阵列的内部拐角区域中的角形的SRS110的实施例。应该注意，尽管本文中示出了具有部分环形或角形的SRS110的实施例，但是SRS110的形状可以是圆形、椭圆形、矩形、环形、三角形、菱形或其他规则或不规则的形状。
图12是根据实施例示出形成具有SRS的叠层封装结构的方法1200的流程图。在框1202中，提供了衬底，并且在框1204中，将一个或多个管芯附接至衬底。在框1206中，在衬底上形成连接件，并且在框1208中，应用模塑料。在框1210中，形成模塑料的表面，暴露出连接件并且形成一个或多个SRS。在框1212中，在管芯的相对侧的衬底上形成一个或多个安装件。在框1214中，将第二封装件应用至封装件并且第二封装件位于模塑料上方。
因此，根据实施例的一种器件包括：具有第一侧的衬底，其中，第一侧具有设置在其上的多个连接件和管芯；以及设置在第一侧上并且围绕多个连接件中的每个的模塑料。应力消除结构(SRS)设置在模塑料中，SRS包括位于模塑料中的与多个连接件中的每个分隔开的腔。
根据另一个实施例的一种器件包括：具有第一侧的第一封装件，其中，第一侧具有设置在其上的多个连接件；以及通过连接件安装在第一封装件上的第二封装件。模塑料设置在第一封装件的第一侧上以及第一封装件和第二封装件之间。多个应力消除结构(SRS)设置在模塑料中，多个SRS中的每个均包括位于模塑料中并且与多个连接件中的每个间隔开的不含金属的腔。
根据实施例的一种方法包括：在第一封装件的第一侧上以及第一封装件的第一侧上的多个连接件中的每个的周围均形成模塑料，以及在模塑料中形成多个应力消除结构(SRS)，多个SRS中的每个均包括位于模塑料中并且与多个连接件中的每个间隔开的不含金属的腔。
尽管已经详细地描述了本发明的实施例及其优势，但应该理解，可以在不背离由所附权利要求限定的本发明的精神和范围的情况下，做出各种改变，替换和更改。例如，本领域普通技术人员将容易地理解，本文描述的许多特征、功能、工艺和材料可以在本发明的范围内作出变化。而并且，本申请的范围并不旨在限于说明书中描述的工艺、机器、制造、物质组成、工具、方法和步骤的特定实施例。作为本领域普通技术人员将容易从本发明的公开内容理解，根据本发明，可以利用现有的或今后开发的执行与本文所述相应实施例基本相同的功能或获得基本相同结果的工艺、机器、制造、物质组成、工具、方法或步骤。因此，所附权利要求旨在将这样的工艺、机器、制造、物质组成、工具、方法或步骤包括在它们的范围内。

Claims (10)

1.一种器件，包括：
衬底，具有第一侧，在所述第一侧上设置有多个连接件和管芯；
模塑料，设置在所述第一侧上并且围绕所述多个连接件中的每个；以及
应力消除结构(SRS)，设置在所述模塑料中，所述SRS包括位于所述模塑料中并且与所述多个连接件中的每个分隔开的腔。
2.根据权利要求1所述的器件，还包括：位于所述模塑料中的多个连接件开口，所述多个连接件中的每个均设置在所述多个连接件开口的相应的一个中，其中，所述SRS与所述多个连接件开口分隔开。
3.根据权利要求1所述的器件，其中，所述SRS设置在所述多个连接件和所述管芯之间。
4.根据权利要求1所述的器件，其中，所述SRS具有圆锥形形状。
5.根据权利要求1所述的器件，其中，所述管芯设置在所述多个连接件的中心区域中，并且所述SRS设置为邻近所述多个连接件的内部拐角区域。
6.根据权利要求1所述的器件，还包括：安装在所述衬底上方的封装件，所述模塑料设置在所述衬底和所述封装件之间，其中，所述多个连接件中的每个均在所述衬底和所述封装件之间延伸。
7.一种器件，包括：
第一封装件，具有第一侧，在所述第一侧上设置有多个连接件；
第二封装件，通过所述连接件安装在所述第一封装件上；
模塑料，设置在所述第一封装件的第一侧上和所述第一封装件与所述第二封装件之间；以及
多个应力消除结构(SRS)，设置在所述模塑料中，所述多个SRS中的每个均包括位于所述模塑料中并且与所述多个连接件中的每个都间隔开的不含金属的腔。
8.根据权利要求7所述的器件，还包括：安装至所述第一封装件的第一侧的管芯，所述多个连接件设置在所述管芯周围，所述多个SRS中的每个位于所述多个连接件中的一个或多个与所述管芯之间。
9.根据权利要求7所述的器件，还包括：位于所述模塑料中的多个连接件开口，所述多个连接件中的每个均设置在所述多个连接件开口的相应的一个中，其中，所述多个SRS中的每个均与所述多个连接件开口分隔开。
10.一种形成器件的方法，包括：
在所述第一封装件的第一侧和所述第一封装件的第一侧上的多个连接件中的每个的周围形成模塑料；以及
在所述模塑料中形成多个应力消除结构(SRS)，所述多个SRS中的每个均包括位于所述模塑料中并且与所述多个连接件中的每个间隔开的不含金属的腔。
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