CN104447005A - Lightweight organic nutrient soil and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Lightweight organic nutrient soil and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN104447005A CN104447005A CN201410735123.XA CN201410735123A CN104447005A CN 104447005 A CN104447005 A CN 104447005A CN 201410735123 A CN201410735123 A CN 201410735123A CN 104447005 A CN104447005 A CN 104447005A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F5/00—Fertilisers from distillery wastes, molasses, vinasses, sugar plant or similar wastes or residues, e.g. from waste originating from industrial processing of raw material of agricultural origin or derived products thereof
- C05F5/002—Solid waste from mechanical processing of material, e.g. seed coats, olive pits, almond shells, fruit residue, rice hulls
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/30—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing synthetic organic compounds
- A01G24/35—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing synthetic organic compounds containing water-absorbing polymers
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- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses lightweight organic nutrient soil which comprises the following formula raw materials in percentage by weight: 70-80 percent of semi-fermentation plant straws or residues, 10-20 percent of bentonite, 3-8 percent of carbonized rice husk ash, 1-3 percent of organic fertilizer and 2-4 percent of expanded perlite. The lightweight organic nutrient soil prepared by adopting the raw materials is light in weight and meets the building load-carrying requirement, mixed soil is not needed, the plant quality is improved, and batch production is promoted. Correspondingly, the invention also provides a method for preparing the lightweight organic nutrient soil. The steps are simple, the operation is convenient, and large-scale production can be realized.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to plant nutrition soil, particularly a kind of lightweight organic nutrient soil and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Organotrophy seedling medium or cultivation matrix are own through being widely used in afforestation, botanical seedling culturing, booth vegetable, soilless culture etc.Particularly along with the quickening of Development of China's Urbanization, the raising of people's living standard and quality of life, the fast development that roof garden, balcony-garden are built, to both meeting building bearing burden requirement, indispensable plant growth environment can be met again, can also the demand of high-quality lightweight organic nutrient soil of merchandized handling increasing, and market potential is very huge.
But, in actual application, still there is some problems and shortcoming.When organotrophy seedling medium or cultivation matrix use, except nursery directly uses, the overwhelming majority still needs to mix soil cultivation separately.Especially in the shrub plantation, potted plant melon and solanaceous vegetables plantation of Urban Roof Garden and Garden virescence, there is the difficulty that fetches earth, mix native ratio difficulty and control, cause cultivating soil to kick the beam or overweight, even the quality of cultivating soil is unsecured.When not mixing soil cultivation shrub, potted plant melon and solanaceous vegetables, plant fixing difficulty, later stage not drought-enduring, easy lodging etc. problems.Mix native ratio excessive, do not have again the object of lightweight, the quality mixing soil more directly affects quality and the quality of plant.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of weight little, meet building bearing burden requirement, without the need to mix soil, improve plant quality, be conducive to produce in batches lightweight organic nutrient soil.Correspondingly, the preparation method of above-mentioned Light nutritional soil is additionally provided.
For achieving the above object, according to an aspect of the present invention, provide a kind of lightweight organic nutrient soil, its composition of raw materials by weight percentage comprises: half fermenting plant stalk or residue 70 ~ 80%, wilkinite 10 ~ 20%, charing rice husk ash 3 ~ 8%, fertilizer 1 ~ 3%, pearlstone 2 ~ 4%.Half fermenting plant stalk or residue light weight can improve the ventilation property of Nutrition Soil, can provide organotrophy, provide good condition for plant takes root; Wilkinite has stronger water absorbability and swelling property, can keep moisture and nutrient, is conducive to plant root and absorbs nutrition, also have plasticity-and cohesiveness; Pearlstone has lightweight, porous, water-fast and anticorrosion properties, and have additional nutrients soil pores degree, is convenient to root system of plant and absorbs oxygen; Charing rice husk ash has that venting capability is good, the feature of light weight, water holding, fertilizer conservation, and is conducive to microbial activities, strengthens biological property.Thus, adopt the lightweight organic nutrient soil weight prepared of above-mentioned raw materials little, meet building bearing burden requirement, without the need to mixing soil, improving plant quality, being conducive to batch production.
In some embodiments, lightweight organic nutrient soil composition of raw materials is by weight percentage: straw or residue 75%, wilkinite 15%, charing rice husk ash 5%, fertilizer 2%, pearlstone 3%.Thus, the lightweight organic nutrient soil prepared according to above-mentioned formula has good ventilation property, nutrient preserving capability, Lightness, and plant fixing is easy, resistant to lodging.
In some embodiments, lightweight organic nutrient soil moisture content is less than 25%, and unit weight is less than 350 grams per liters, and total amount of organic is greater than 50%, and pH value is 6.5 ~ 7.5.Thus, These parameters can be used as the Testing index of lightweight organic nutrient soil finished product, is conducive to commercialization and large-scale production.
In some embodiments, half fermenting plant stalk or residue are straw or the residue products through heap fermentation, and the rotten degree of fermentation is that the moisture content of 40 ~ 60%, half fermenting plant stalk or residue is less than 30%.Thus, the straw after fermentation or residue can provide organotrophy for plant, and it is for not exclusively to become thoroughly decomposed, and can be plant and provide the condition of taking root, and improve Nutrition Soil sedimentation.Moisture content is less, meets Nutrition Soil lightweight condition.
In some embodiments, bentonitic fineness is 20 orders, and moisture content is less than 10%.Thus, wilkinite 20 order fineness, makes Nutrition Soil have good plasticity-and cohesiveness, has good maintenance moisture and nutrient ability.Moisture content is less, meets Nutrition Soil lightweight condition.
In some embodiments, the fineness of pearlstone is 40 orders, and moisture content is less than 1%.Thus, pearlstone 40 order fineness, can be uniformly distributed, make Nutrition Soil have good thermal insulation property in Nutrition Soil.Moisture content is less, meets Nutrition Soil lightweight condition.
In some embodiments, the moisture content carbonizing rice husk ash is less than 1%.Thus, charing rice husk ash moisture content is less, meets Nutrition Soil lightweight condition.
In some embodiments, fertilizer is vegetalitas fertilizer.Thus, plant organic fertilizer can provide multiple organotrophy and inorganic nutrients for plant, and relative animal excrement fertilizer has more light weight and the feature of heavy metal free pollution.
Correspondingly, present invention also offers a kind of preparation method of lightweight nutrition organophilic clay, comprise the following steps:
By straw or residue heap fermentation after 10 ~ 15 days high-temperature sterilization obtain straw or the residue of half fermentation, after fermentation, rotten degree is 40 ~ 60%;
Pearlstone is crushed to 40 orders, bentonite in powder is broken to 20 orders;
By half fermenting plant stalk by weight percentage or residue 70 ~ 80%, wilkinite 10 ~ 20%, charing rice husk ash 3 ~ 8%, fertilizer 1 ~ 3%, pearlstone 2 ~ 4% mix and blend 1 ~ 3 minute, obtain lightweight organic nutrient soil.
Thus, the step of above-mentioned preparation lightweight organic nutrient soil is simple, easy to operate, can realize producing in enormous quantities.
In some embodiments, when half fermenting plant stalk or residue, wilkinite, charing rice husk ash, fertilizer, pearlstone mix and blend, employing capacity is the rotary mixer of 5 cubic metres, and churning time is 1.5 minutes.Thus, the rotary mixer of 5 cubic metres stirs and each raw material within 1.5 minutes, can be made fully to mix.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is: the lightweight organic nutrient soil weight adopting the raw material such as half fermenting plant stalk or residue, wilkinite, charing rice husk ash, fertilizer, expanded pearlite to prepare in proportion is little, meet building bearing burden requirement, without the need to mixing soil, improving plant quality, being conducive to batch production.Lightweight organic nutrient soil index of the present invention can be used as the Testing index of lightweight organic nutrient soil finished product, is conducive to commercialization and large-scale production.The step of preparation lightweight organic nutrient soil is simple, easy to operate, can realize producing in enormous quantities.
Embodiment
The present invention is further detailed explanation below.
Lightweight organic nutrient soil of the present invention, its composition of raw materials by weight percentage comprises: half fermenting plant stalk or residue 70 ~ 80%, wilkinite 10 ~ 20%, charing rice husk ash 3 ~ 8%, fertilizer 1 ~ 3%, pearlstone 2 ~ 4%.
Preferably, its composition of raw materials is by weight percentage: half fermenting plant stalk or residue 75%, wilkinite 15%, charing rice husk ash 5%, fertilizer 2%, pearlstone 3%.
The test rating of lightweight organic nutrient soil: moisture (fresh base) content is less than 25%, and unit weight is less than 350 grams per liters, and total amount of organic is greater than 50%, and pH value is 6.5 ~ 7.5.
Half fermenting plant stalk or residue are straw or residue through the product of heap fermentation and high-temperature sterilization, and the rotten degree of fermentation is that the moisture content of 40 ~ 60%, half fermenting plant stalk or residue is less than 30%.Straw or residue can be the grain class tangerine bar powder such as corn, paddy rice, wheat, or useless bacterium bag, coconut palm slag, bagasse, the peat composed of rotten mosses.
Fertilizer is vegetalitas fertilizer, is namely made up of vegetable raw material fully fermentings such as plant straw.Vegetalitas fertilizer can provide multiple organotrophy and inorganic nutrients for plant, and relative animal excrement fertilizer has more light weight and the feature of heavy metal free pollution.
Bentonitic fineness is 20 orders, and moisture content is less than 10%.The fineness of pearlstone is 40 orders, and moisture content is less than 1%.The moisture content of charing rice husk ash is less than 1%.Fertilizer is plant organic fertilizer.Wilkinite, charing rice husk ash, fertilizer and pearlstone all buy acquisition.
The preparation method of above-mentioned lightweight nutrition organophilic clay, comprises the following steps:
S1, by straw or residue heap fermentation after 10 ~ 15 days high-temperature sterilization obtain half fermenting plant stalk or residue, the rotten degree of fermentation is 40 ~ 60%;
S2, pearlstone is crushed to 40 orders, bentonite in powder is broken to 20 orders;
S3, by half fermenting plant stalk by weight percentage or residue 70 ~ 80%, wilkinite 10 ~ 20%, charing rice husk ash 3 ~ 8%, fertilizer 1 ~ 3%, pearlstone 2 ~ 4% mix and blend 1 ~ 3 minute, obtain lightweight organic nutrient soil.
When half fermenting plant stalk or residue, wilkinite, charing rice husk ash, fertilizer, pearlstone mix and blend, capacity preferably can be adopted to be the rotary mixer of 5 cubic metres, and churning time is 1.5 minutes.
The present invention is explained further below by way of specific embodiment.
Embodiment 1
The composition of raw materials of lightweight organic nutrient soil is: half fermenting plant stalk or residue 70%, wilkinite 20%, charing rice husk ash 7%, fertilizer 1%, pearlstone 2%.Wherein, the moisture content of half fermenting plant stalk or residue is less than 30%, and bentonitic moisture content is less than 10%, and the moisture content of pearlstone is less than 1%, and the moisture content of charing rice husk ash is less than 1%.
The preparation process of the Light nutritional soil of the present embodiment is as follows:
S1, by straw or residue heap fermentation after 10 days high-temperature sterilization obtain half fermenting plant stalk or residue, the rotten degree of fermentation is 40%;
S2, pearlstone is crushed to 40 orders, bentonite in powder is broken to 20 orders;
S3, half fermenting plant stalk or residue, wilkinite, charing rice husk ash, fertilizer, pearlstone are mixed in proportion and stir 1 minute in the rotary mixer of 5 cubic metres, obtain lightweight organic nutrient soil.
Lightweight organic nutrient soil prepared by the present embodiment all meets test rating: moisture (fresh base) content is less than 25%, and unit weight is less than 350 grams per liters, and total amount of organic is greater than 50%, and pH value is 6.5 ~ 7.5.
Embodiment 2
The composition of raw materials of lightweight organic nutrient soil is: half fermenting plant stalk or residue 72%, wilkinite 16%, charing rice husk ash 8%, fertilizer 1.5%, pearlstone 2.5%.Wherein, the moisture content of half fermenting plant stalk or residue is less than 30%, and bentonitic moisture content is less than 10%, and the moisture content of pearlstone is less than 1%, and the moisture content of charing rice husk ash is less than 1%.
The preparation process of the Light nutritional soil of the present embodiment is as follows:
S1, by straw or residue heap fermentation after 11 days high-temperature sterilization obtain half fermenting plant stalk or residue, the rotten degree of fermentation is 45%;
S2, pearlstone is crushed to 40 orders, bentonite in powder is broken to 20 orders;
S3, half fermenting plant stalk or residue, wilkinite, charing rice husk ash, fertilizer, pearlstone are mixed in proportion and stir 2 minutes in the rotary mixer of 5 cubic metres, obtain lightweight organic nutrient soil.
Lightweight organic nutrient soil prepared by the present embodiment all meets test rating: moisture (fresh base) content is less than 25%, and unit weight is less than 350 grams per liters, and total amount of organic is greater than 50%, and pH value is 6.5 ~ 7.5.
Embodiment 3
The composition of raw materials of lightweight organic nutrient soil is: half fermenting plant stalk or residue 75%, wilkinite 15%, charing rice husk ash 5%, fertilizer 2%, pearlstone 3%.Wherein, the moisture content of half fermenting plant stalk or residue is less than 30%, and bentonitic moisture content is less than 10%, and the moisture content of pearlstone is less than 1%, and the moisture content of charing rice husk ash is less than 1%.
The preparation process of the Light nutritional soil of the present embodiment is as follows:
S1, by straw or residue heap fermentation after 13 days high-temperature sterilization obtain half fermenting plant stalk or residue, the rotten degree of fermentation is 50%;
S2, pearlstone is crushed to 40 orders, bentonite in powder is broken to 20 orders;
S3, half fermenting plant stalk or residue, wilkinite, charing rice husk ash, fertilizer, pearlstone are mixed in proportion and stir 1.5 minutes in the rotary mixer of 5 cubic metres, obtain lightweight organic nutrient soil.
Lightweight organic nutrient soil prepared by the present embodiment all meets test rating: moisture (fresh base) content is less than 25%, and unit weight is less than 350 grams per liters, and total amount of organic is greater than 50%, and pH value is 6.5 ~ 7.5.
Embodiment 4
The composition of raw materials of lightweight organic nutrient soil is: half fermenting plant stalk or residue 77%, wilkinite 11%, charing rice husk ash 6%, fertilizer 2.5%, pearlstone 3.5%.Wherein, the moisture content of half fermenting plant stalk or residue is less than 30%, and bentonitic moisture content is less than 10%, and the moisture content of pearlstone is less than 1%, and the moisture content of charing rice husk ash is less than 1%.
The preparation process of the Light nutritional soil of the present embodiment is as follows:
S1, by straw or residue heap fermentation after 14 days high-temperature sterilization obtain half fermenting plant stalk or residue, the rotten degree of fermentation is 55%;
S2, pearlstone is crushed to 40 orders, bentonite in powder is broken to 20 orders;
S3, half fermenting plant stalk or residue, wilkinite, charing rice husk ash, fertilizer, pearlstone are mixed in proportion and stir 2.5 minutes in the rotary mixer of 5 cubic metres, obtain lightweight organic nutrient soil.
Lightweight organic nutrient soil prepared by the present embodiment all meets test rating: moisture (fresh base) content is less than 25%, and unit weight is less than 350 grams per liters, and total amount of organic is greater than 50%, and pH value is 6.5 ~ 7.5.
Embodiment 5
The composition of raw materials of lightweight organic nutrient soil is: half fermenting plant stalk or residue 80%, wilkinite 10%, charing rice husk ash 3%, fertilizer 3%, pearlstone 4%.Wherein, the moisture content of half fermenting plant stalk or residue is less than 30%, and bentonitic moisture content is less than 10%, and the moisture content of pearlstone is less than 1%, and the moisture content of charing rice husk ash is less than 1%.
The preparation process of the Light nutritional soil of the present embodiment is as follows:
S1, by acquisition half fermenting plant stalk or residue heap fermentation high-temperature sterilization after 15 days, the rotten degree of fermentation is 60%;
S2, pearlstone is crushed to 40 orders, bentonite in powder is broken to 20 orders;
S3, half fermenting plant stalk or residue, wilkinite, charing rice husk ash, fertilizer, pearlstone are mixed in proportion and stir 3 minutes in the rotary mixer of 5 cubic metres, obtain lightweight organic nutrient soil.
Lightweight organic nutrient soil prepared by the present embodiment all meets test rating: moisture (fresh base) content is less than 25%, and unit weight is less than 350 grams per liters, and total amount of organic is greater than 50%, and pH value is 6.5 ~ 7.5.
Above-described is only some embodiments of the present invention.For the person of ordinary skill of the art, without departing from the concept of the premise of the invention, can also make some distortion and improvement, these all belong to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. lightweight organic nutrient soil, is characterized in that, its composition of raw materials by weight percentage comprises: half fermenting plant stalk or residue 70 ~ 80%, wilkinite 10 ~ 20%, charing rice husk ash 3 ~ 8%, fertilizer 1 ~ 3%, pearlstone 2 ~ 4%.
2. lightweight organic nutrient soil according to claim 1, is characterized in that, its composition of raw materials is by weight percentage: straw or residue 75%, wilkinite 15%, charing rice husk ash 5%, fertilizer 2%, pearlstone 3%.
3. lightweight organic nutrient soil according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, its moisture content is less than 25%, and unit weight is less than 350 grams per liters, and total amount of organic is greater than 50%, and pH value is 6.5 ~ 7.5.
4. lightweight organic nutrient soil according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, described half fermenting plant stalk or residue are straw or the residue products through heap fermentation, and the rotten degree of fermentation is 40 ~ 60%, and the moisture content of described half fermenting plant stalk or residue is less than 30%.
5. lightweight organic nutrient soil according to claim 3, is characterized in that, described bentonitic fineness is 20 orders, and moisture content is less than 10%.
6. lightweight organic nutrient soil according to claim 3, is characterized in that, the fineness of described pearlstone is 40 orders, and moisture content is less than 1%.
7. lightweight organic nutrient soil according to claim 3, is characterized in that, the moisture content of described charing rice husk ash is less than 1%.
8. lightweight organic nutrient soil according to claim 3, is characterized in that, described fertilizer is vegetalitas fertilizer.
9. the preparation method of lightweight nutrition organophilic clay, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
The straw of high-temperature sterilization acquisition half fermentation after 10 ~ 15 days by straw or residue heap fermentation or residue, the rotten degree of fermentation is 40 ~ 60%;
Pearlstone is crushed to 40 orders, bentonite in powder is broken to 20 orders;
By half fermenting plant stalk by weight percentage or residue 70 ~ 80%, wilkinite 10 ~ 20%, charing rice husk ash 3 ~ 8%, fertilizer 1 ~ 3%, pearlstone 2 ~ 4% mix and blend 1 ~ 3 minute, obtain lightweight organic nutrient soil.
10. the preparation method of lightweight nutrition organophilic clay according to claim 9, it is characterized in that, when described half fermenting plant stalk or residue, wilkinite, charing rice husk ash, fertilizer, pearlstone mix and blend, employing capacity is the rotary mixer of 5 cubic metres, and churning time is 1.5 minutes.
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Cited By (7)
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CN104945131A (en) * | 2015-06-23 | 2015-09-30 | 山东省农业科学院 | Roof ecological greening nutrient soil and preparing method thereof |
CN105037054A (en) * | 2015-07-27 | 2015-11-11 | 蒋文兰 | Production method for water hyacinth carbonization nutrient soil |
CN105648999A (en) * | 2015-12-31 | 2016-06-08 | 王嘉勇 | Straw blanket and manufacturing method and application thereof |
CN105830797A (en) * | 2016-04-06 | 2016-08-10 | 郎溪县宏业粮油种植家庭农场 | Seedling culture soil of rice having brain strengthening and refreshing effects and preparation method of seedling culture soil |
CN105993891A (en) * | 2016-06-07 | 2016-10-12 | 顾建中 | Light and simple seedling method for wideleaf osbeckia roots |
CN107801599A (en) * | 2017-10-20 | 2018-03-16 | 成都先先先生物科技有限公司 | It is a kind of suitable for culture matrix of potato soilless culture and preparation method thereof |
CN109020739A (en) * | 2018-10-26 | 2018-12-18 | 杭州中非生物科技有限公司 | The organic preparation method of vegetable fertilizer and Nutrition Soil |
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CN109020739A (en) * | 2018-10-26 | 2018-12-18 | 杭州中非生物科技有限公司 | The organic preparation method of vegetable fertilizer and Nutrition Soil |
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