CN109020739A - The organic preparation method of vegetable fertilizer and Nutrition Soil - Google Patents
The organic preparation method of vegetable fertilizer and Nutrition Soil Download PDFInfo
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- CN109020739A CN109020739A CN201811258376.7A CN201811258376A CN109020739A CN 109020739 A CN109020739 A CN 109020739A CN 201811258376 A CN201811258376 A CN 201811258376A CN 109020739 A CN109020739 A CN 109020739A
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- Prior art keywords
- nutrition soil
- soil
- filter residue
- plant
- charcoal
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
- A01G24/12—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/28—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing peat, moss or sphagnum
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D9/00—Other inorganic fertilisers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F5/00—Fertilisers from distillery wastes, molasses, vinasses, sugar plant or similar wastes or residues, e.g. from waste originating from industrial processing of raw material of agricultural origin or derived products thereof
- C05F5/002—Solid waste from mechanical processing of material, e.g. seed coats, olive pits, almond shells, fruit residue, rice hulls
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
Abstract
This application discloses plant organic fertilizer preparation method and Nutrition Soil, Nutrition Soil disclosed by the invention includes 1~10 part of plant organic fertilizer, 1~10 part of charcoal, 1~3 part of peat and 1~3 part of river sand.Nutrition Soil provided by the present invention has following effective effect: nutriment A wide selection of colours and designs in Nutrition Soil, rich content is not easy to bond, permeable breathable is good, and can adsorb the heavy metal in ambient enviroment, provides good condition for the sprouting of seed and the growth of plant.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to domestication of plants field more particularly to a kind of organic preparation method of vegetable fertilizer and Nutrition Soils.
Background technique
Soil cultivation is still the cultural method of most crops at present, but soil long-time crop culture can be led
The fertility decline of soil is caused, the decline of soil fertility will lead to the reduction of crop yield, and bring to make up soil fertility
Yield reduce, people improve the fertility of soil further through chemical fertilizer is added to soil, and will lead to soil using chemical fertilizer for a long time
Earth is hardened, while crop seeds are sprouted there is no any usefulness using chemical fertilizer, and when excessive concentration results even in
It is that burn seedlings is dead that seed is sprouted shortly after.Hardened phenomenon, which once occurs, in soil will lead to the reduction of crops emergence rate, emergence speed
The problems such as degree is slow, and the speed of growth is slow after emergence, the phenomenon that in order to prevent soil hardening, people generally will use the excretion of animal
Object or the stalk of crops come as organic fertilizer using, but animal excrements limited source, and there are biggish for storage and transport process
Inconvenience, the stalk of crops needs to be utilized by crops after degrading, but the degradation of agricultural crop straw in the natural environment
Speed be it is very slow, it is lower to the facilitation effect of crop growth.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is in view of the above-mentioned problems, propose a kind of organic preparation method of vegetable fertilizer and Nutrition Soil.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:
A kind of organic preparation method of vegetable fertilizer, includes the following steps:
S1: after clean vegetables and fruits residue is mixed with sterile water, it is placed in fermentation 120h~240h in 25 DEG C~35 DEG C environment;
S2: the mixture after fermentation is filtered, filter residue obtained is dried.
Filter residue obtained is plant organic fertilizer in the present invention.Because vegetables and fruits can be by itself institute during growth and maturity
In the material collection to vegetables and fruits needed, so contain various nutriments needed for plant emergence and growth, this hair in vegetables and fruits residue
Bright using vegetables and fruits residue as raw material, the fiber of vegetables and fruits residue becomes more loose after fermentation, various in vegetables and fruits residue fiber
Nutriment is very easy to enter in environment, and it is a kind of organic fertilizer for being particularly suitable for plant growth that filter residue is made after fermentation, will send out
When filter residue obtained paving after ferment is spread across on agricultural land soil, a thin layer of coating is formed above soil, coating is ventilative
Property is very good with water penetration, and when crop seeds are sowed onto farmland, the loose environment of coating is particularly suitable for crops
Sprout, and crops sprout after in filter residue nutriment abundant for seedling provide the nutriment of abundance.It ferments simultaneously
Fiber in residue after fermentation process, is becoming more degradable than originally, and easy degradation also than stalk is easier to by crops
It absorbs.
It should be noted that the present invention is fermented, vegetables and fruits residue can be anaerobic fermentation, be also possible to aerobic fermentation, can also be with
Be first aerobic fermentation for a period of time, aerobic fermentation carries out anaerobic fermentation again after for a period of time, currently preferred fermentation method is
Aerobic fermentation is first carried out, aerobic fermentation carries out anaerobic fermentation after for a period of time again.
It should be noted that although fruits and vegetables residue is poured directly into soil also and facilitates plant and (be equal to farming in this case
Object) growth, but if fruits and vegetables residue is poured directly into soil, when first fruits and vegetables residue fermentative degradation needs longer
Between, be unfavorable for plant growth, second due to the nutrition content in fruits and vegetables residue be it is very high, can directly lead in the soil
The excessive concentration of nutriment in soil is caused, and excessively high nutrient concentrations are detrimental to plant germination growth in fact, sternly
The phenomenon that even will appear burn seedlings when weight, and after fermentation process, quite a few nutriment comes into fermentation liquid
(about 60% various nutriments can enter in fermentation liquid, and the nutrition content in filter residue is about 30% or so), paving
When being spread across on soil, the nutrient concentrations on soil have become to be particularly suitable for plant seed germination and grown.Simultaneously originally
Plant emergence in case is equal to the sprouting of vegetable seeds.
It needs to be emphasized that rotten fruits and vegetables are also considered fruits and vegetables residue after cutting off rotten position.
The obtained organic fertilizer nutriment type of this method is abundant and content is suitable for, and when paving is spread across in soil, can accelerate farming
The sprouting of species and the growth of plant.
A kind of Nutrition Soil, filter residue, charcoal, peat and river sand.
Further, the Nutrition Soil of suitable for plant growth is further prepared on the basis of organic fertilizer obtained (filter residue).
In this formula, four kinds of filter residue, charcoal, peat and river sand materials have been used.The effect of four kinds of materials is as follows:
Filter residue: contain type nutriment abundant in filter residue, nutrition abundant can be provided for the growth of plant
Substance, simultaneously because the gap in filter residue is relatively large, filter residue has very good gas permeability and water penetration;
Charcoal: the heavy metal in absorption ambient enviroment also has certain suction-operated to germ and toxin etc., rises to soil
To the effect of certain sterilization and improvement, is sprouted for seed and plant strain growth provides a good environment;
Peat: first is that light loose, permeable venting capability is good, and retain water and nutrients ability is strong, and fertility duration is longer;Two
Be it is porous, chronic administration is not hardened, is easily absorbed by plants.It is mixed with other soil, soil can be improved, is increase soil fertility;
Third is that the growth and development of plant can be promoted rich in organic matter, humic acid and a small amount of vitamin, auxin, microelement etc.;
River sand: being not easy to bond, and mainly plays the role of anti-stick to first three mixture.
Above-mentioned four kinds of substances form nutriment A wide selection of colours and designs after combining, and rich content is not easy to bond, permeable
Good air permeability, and the heavy metal in ambient enviroment can be adsorbed, good item is provided for the sprouting of seed and the growth of plant
Part.Nutrition Soil provided by this programme both can be used alone and can also mix with farmland (including mountainous region and other similar places) soil
After use.
Nutriment A wide selection of colours and designs in Nutrition Soil provided by this programme, rich content are not easy to bond, and permeable breathable is good
It is good, and the heavy metal in ambient enviroment can be adsorbed, good condition is provided for the sprouting of seed and the growth of plant.
Optionally, the charcoal is the stalk or bamboo wood chip or shell after carbonization.
Optionally, the filter residue is 1~10 part, and the peat is 1~10 part, and the charcoal is 1~3 part, the river
Sand is 1~3 part.
Optionally, the filter residue is 3 parts, and the peat is 3 parts, and the charcoal is 1 part, and the river sand is 1 part.
Optionally, the filter residue is 5 parts, and the peat is 5 parts, and the charcoal is 2 parts, and the river sand is 1 part.
Optionally, the filter residue is unqualified shape filter residue.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the present invention is supplied to plant organic fertilizer and Nutrition Soil, nutrition provided by the invention
Nutriment A wide selection of colours and designs in soil, rich content are not easy to bond, and permeable breathable is good, and can adsorb in ambient enviroment
Heavy metal provides good condition for the sprouting of seed and the growth of plant.
Specific embodiment:
Below with reference to each embodiment, the present invention will be described in detail.
Embodiment 1: a kind of preparation method of plant organic fertilizer:
It is mixed after apple skin, the leaf of spinach, green vegetable leaf and corn stover after cleaning are cut into small pieces, and apple skin, spinach
The mass ratio of leaf, green vegetable leaf and corn stover is 2:2:2:1;Mixture is mixed with the distilled water of 50 times of quality and is placed on 300L
Closed reaction kettle in fermented (it should be noted that every time fermentation when mixture quality control at 50 kilograms or so),
It is 30 DEG C that the temperature in reaction kettle is kept in fermentation process, and from reaction kettle after maintaining this temperature 180 hours, 180 hours
Discharge port take out fermentation residue, and fermentation residue is filtered, it is small that the filter residue being obtained by filtration is handled to 10 in 40 DEG C of baking oven
When, obtained drying filter residue is plant organic fertilizer.
A kind of embodiment 2: Nutrition Soil
3 parts of filter residue as provided by embodiment 1,3 parts of peat, 1 part of charcoal, river sand is 1 part and matches, wherein filter residue
It is by smashed unqualified shape filter residue, charcoal is the Chinese chestnut shell after carbonization.
A kind of embodiment 3: Nutrition Soil
5 parts of filter residue as provided by embodiment 1,5 parts of peat, 2 parts of charcoal, 1 part of river sand matches, and wherein filter residue is
By smashed unqualified shape filter residue, charcoal is the corn stover after carbonization, and the diameter of charcoal particle is between 1~2cm.
In order to further illustrate the beneficial effect of embodiment 1, embodiment 2 and embodiment 3, the related inspection of further progress
Experiment is surveyed, test experience has carried out 2 altogether, respectively sprouts experiment and growth experiment.
Test experience 1: experiment is sprouted
It is highly 20cm with bottom of which has holes, the plastics circle cup that diameter is 30cm is plantation place, using tomato seeds as examination
It tests seed (used tomato seeds granular size is similar, and plumpness is similar), only places a tomato in each plastics circle cup
Seed, test site are the big Tanaka of vegetables of peasant household of the Zhejiang Province Deqing County new town village Cai Jie, test used soil also
From the vegetables crop field of the peasant household, test environment be it is outdoor, the test time started is on March 12nd, 2017, tests one and is divided into
It is 8 groups, every group is done 100 parallel, each group of statistics statistics of bud ratios and averagely budding time respectively.
First group: control group is put into the loose soil of 1500g in plastics circle cup, tomato seeds is then placed in mud again
Then native surface places it in the draughty outdoor big Tanaka of illumination.
Second group, A group is tested, is put into the loose soil of 1450g in plastics circle cup, is then spilt again in earth surfaces paving
The plant organic fertilizer as provided by embodiment 1 of 50g, after the completion of paving is spilt, by tomato seeds be placed in soil and plant organic fertilizer it
Between, then place it in the draughty outdoor big Tanaka of illumination.
Third group tests B1 group, the Nutrition Soil of the offer of 1500g embodiment 1 is put into plastics circle cup, then again by tomato
Seed is placed in Nutrition Soil surface, then places it in the draughty outdoor big Tanaka of illumination.
4th group, B2 group is tested, the Nutrition Soil that the loose soil of 1000g is provided with 500g embodiment 1 is uniformly mixed,
Then it is placed in again in plastics circle cup, then tomato seeds is placed in the surface of mixed soil, then place it in illumination well-ventilated
Outdoor big Tanaka.
5th group, B3 group is tested, the Nutrition Soil that the loose soil of 750g is provided with 750g embodiment 1 is uniformly mixed,
Then it is placed in again in plastics circle cup, then tomato seeds is placed in the surface of mixed soil, then place it in illumination well-ventilated
Outdoor big Tanaka.
6th group, C1 group is tested, the Nutrition Soil of the offer of 1500g embodiment 2 is put into plastics circle cup, then again by tomato
Seed is placed in Nutrition Soil surface, then places it in the draughty outdoor big Tanaka of illumination.
7th group, C2 group is tested, the Nutrition Soil that the loose soil of 1000g is provided with 500g embodiment 2 is uniformly mixed,
Then it is placed in again in plastics circle cup, then tomato seeds is placed in the surface of mixed soil, then place it in illumination well-ventilated
Outdoor big Tanaka.
8th group, C3 group is tested, the Nutrition Soil that the loose soil of 750g is provided with 750g embodiment 2 is uniformly mixed,
Then it is placed in again in plastics circle cup, then tomato seeds is placed in the surface of mixed soil, then place it in illumination well-ventilated
Outdoor big Tanaka.
The experiment of above-mentioned 8 groups of data is counted, statistical result is as shown in table 1 below
1 bud ratio of table and budding time
Bud ratio (%) | It sprouts in time (day) | |
Control group | 17 | 11 |
Test A group | 35 | 8.4 |
B1 group | 64 | 6 |
B2 group | 55 | 6.4 |
B3 group | 60 | 6.5 |
C1 group | 70 | 6 |
C2 group | 68 | 6.5 |
C3 group | 69 | 6 |
By the Data Data of table 1 it is found that the bud ratio of purely soil is 17%, averagely the budding time is 11 days, and is used
After the plant organic fertilizer for the offer that the present embodiment 1 provides, the germination percentage of seed is improved to 35%, and the averagely budding time foreshortens to
8.4 it;After the Nutrition Soil provided using the embodiment of the present invention 3 and embodiment 2, the germination rate of tomato seeds improve to 55% with
On, the averagely budding time foreshortens to 6~7 days.
Test experience 2: growth experiment
This experiment still selects tomato to test plant, because tomato is both a kind of vegetables, while with fruit tree but also having certain not only
Similarity, plant organic fertilizer and Nutrition Soil provided by the present invention be used for vegetables and fruit tree, so choose
Tomato is as trial crops.It is further to carry out further experiment using the plant after germinateing in test experience 1.
Because different crops (including fruit tree) people's Leaf-feeding insects be it is different, general leaf vegetables, people are edible
Entire plant in addition to root, and for the crop of tomato eggplant etc, what people ate is fruit, so in this experiment
By near measurement tomato root stem is wide and the yield of tamato fruit is come the upgrowth situation of comprehensive judgement tomato plant.It needs
What is illustrated is since the plant quantity variance of control group and each test group is larger, therefore this experiment is wide with the average stem of each group of plant
And the yield of the tamato fruit of average every plant of tomato plant determines to integrate the upgrowth situation of each group of tomato plant, in test
It is picked immediately when tamato fruit reddens, weigh immediately after each tamato fruit picking and records weight.Experimental result is as follows
Shown in table 2.
2 stem of table is wide and fruit yield
Stem is wide (cm) | Fruit yield (Kg) | |
Control group | 4.4 | 4.43 |
Test A group | 5.1 | 6.71 |
B1 group | 4.7 | 4.95 |
B2 group | 6.3 | 6.92 |
B3 group | 6.5 | 7.65 |
C1 group | 5 | 5.01 |
C2 group | 5.9 | 7.3 |
C3 group | 6.7 | 7.5 |
As shown in Table 2, plant organic fertilizer and Nutrition Soil provided by the invention can promote tomato plant itself growth and
Improve the yield of tamato fruit.
The data of consolidated statement 1 and table 2 it is found that Nutrition Soil provided by the invention be used alone when for promote seed sprouting
Highly beneficial, Nutrition Soil provided by the invention is very beneficial for plant growth when being used in combination with common soil.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, not thereby limits scope of patent protection of the invention, all
It is directly or indirectly to be used in other relevant skills with equivalent structure transformation made by description of the invention and embodiment content
Art field similarly includes within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of organic preparation method of vegetable fertilizer, includes the following steps:
S1: after clean vegetables and fruits residue is mixed with sterile water, it is placed in fermentation 120h~240h in 25 DEG C~35 DEG C environment;
S2: the mixture after fermentation is filtered, filter residue obtained is dried.
2. a kind of Nutrition Soil, which is characterized in that including filter residue made from preparation method as described in claim 1, charcoal, peat
And river sand.
3. Nutrition Soil as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that the charcoal is the stalk or bamboo wood chip or fruit after carbonization
Shell.
4. Nutrition Soil as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that the filter residue is 1~10 part, and the peat is 1~10
Part, the charcoal is 1~3 part, and the river sand is 1~3 part.
5. the organic preparation method of vegetable fertilizer as claimed in claim 4 and Nutrition Soil, which is characterized in that the filter residue is 3 parts, institute
Stating peat is 3 parts, and the charcoal is 1 part, and the river sand is 1 part.
6. the organic preparation method of vegetable fertilizer as claimed in claim 4 and Nutrition Soil, which is characterized in that the filter residue is 5 parts, institute
Stating peat is 5 parts, and the charcoal is 2 parts, and the river sand is 1 part.
7. the organic preparation method of vegetable fertilizer as claimed in claim 4 and Nutrition Soil, which is characterized in that the filter residue is unqualified shape
Filter residue.
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Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2000044222A2 (en) * | 1999-01-29 | 2000-08-03 | Laboratorio De Investigaciones Y Diagnosticos Agropecuarios, S.A. De C.V. | Biological control of soil-borne fungal pathogens |
CN104447005A (en) * | 2014-12-04 | 2015-03-25 | 何德 | Lightweight organic nutrient soil and preparation method thereof |
CN104478578A (en) * | 2014-12-04 | 2015-04-01 | 苏州市新巷农艺科技园 | Nutrient soil for seedling culturing of melons and fruits and preparation method thereof |
CN105777421A (en) * | 2016-02-03 | 2016-07-20 | 南宁市品迪生物工程有限公司 | Selenium-rich organic slow-release fertilizer and production method thereof |
-
2018
- 2018-10-26 CN CN201811258376.7A patent/CN109020739A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2000044222A2 (en) * | 1999-01-29 | 2000-08-03 | Laboratorio De Investigaciones Y Diagnosticos Agropecuarios, S.A. De C.V. | Biological control of soil-borne fungal pathogens |
CN104447005A (en) * | 2014-12-04 | 2015-03-25 | 何德 | Lightweight organic nutrient soil and preparation method thereof |
CN104478578A (en) * | 2014-12-04 | 2015-04-01 | 苏州市新巷农艺科技园 | Nutrient soil for seedling culturing of melons and fruits and preparation method thereof |
CN105777421A (en) * | 2016-02-03 | 2016-07-20 | 南宁市品迪生物工程有限公司 | Selenium-rich organic slow-release fertilizer and production method thereof |
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