CN104432325A - 一种具有降血糖功效的南瓜汁及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种具有降血糖功效的南瓜汁及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种具有降血糖功效的南瓜汁及其制备方法，是由下列重量百分比的原料制成：南瓜粉100-200份，枸杞粉10-20份，玉米须提取物5-6份，猕猴桃粉20-40份，桑葚粉10-50份，番石榴粉5-7份，蜂蜜粉2-8份，柠檬粉10-20份，罗汉果粉6-15份，L-阿拉伯糖6-10份，木糖醇10-30份，水650-750份。本发明的南瓜汁，使用具有降血糖功效的蔬菜水果，果蔬中的降血糖功能因子相互协调；同时果蔬中富含维生素，避免了机体因维生素缺乏引起的并发症。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于果汁饮料制备领域，特别涉及一种具有降血糖功效的南瓜汁及其制备方法。
背景技术
继心脑血管疾病和恶性肿瘤之后，糖尿病已成为危害人类身体健康的第三大疾病。患者出现“三多一少”症状，即多尿、多饮、多食及体重减轻，并出现视力模糊、身体疲乏、精神不振等衰弱症状；糖尿病治疗主要依靠药物、控制饮食、适量运动来控制血糖。糖尿病患者禁忌酒、果汁、甜饮料等含糖量高的饮品，目前市场上的辅助降血糖产品种类繁多，但多为胶囊剂、片剂、口服液等，不能给糖尿病人提供具有降血糖功效安全饮料。
发明内容
本发明的目的是为克服上述现有技术的不足，提供一种含南瓜、枸杞、玉米须、猕猴桃、番石榴、桑葚、柠檬、蜂蜜、罗汉果、L-阿拉伯糖、木糖醇的具有降血糖功效的南瓜汁，为糖尿病患者提供了具有降血糖功效的安全饮品。同时，本发明提供的南瓜汁还具有防治高血压、高血脂、冠心病，稳定情绪、提高免疫力的功效。
为实现上述目的，本发明采用下述技术方案：
一种具有降血糖功效的南瓜汁，是由下列重量百分比的原料制成：南瓜粉100-200份，枸杞粉10-20份，玉米须提取物5-6份，猕猴桃粉20-40份，桑葚粉10-50份，番石榴粉5-7份，蜂蜜粉2-8份，柠檬粉10-20份，罗汉果粉6-15份，L-阿拉伯糖6-10份，木糖醇10-30份，水650-750份。
优选的，所述的南瓜粉、枸杞粉、猕猴桃粉、桑葚粉、番石榴粉、蜂蜜粉、柠檬粉和罗汉果粉的粒度均为150-300目。
上述的具有降血糖功效的南瓜汁的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
1)调和：取南瓜粉100-200份，枸杞粉10-20份，玉米须提取物5-6份，猕猴桃粉20-40份，桑葚粉10-50份，番石榴粉5-7份，蜂蜜粉2-8份，柠檬粉10-20份，罗汉果粉6-15份，L-阿拉伯糖6-10份，木糖醇10-30份，水650-750份，混合均匀，得果蔬粉调和液；
2)过滤：利用带式真空过滤机对果蔬粉调和液进行过滤，真空绝对压力为0.03-0.06MPa，滤带移动速度为2-10m/min，得南瓜汁滤液；该过程中，下料、过滤、洗涤、脱渣、滤布清洗均为连续自动化，生产效率高、运行成本低、节省劳动力。
3)脱气：利用真空脱气罐对南瓜汁滤液进行脱气，脱气温度40-50℃，罐内真空度为60-80kPa，脱气1-5min，得果蔬脱气液；
4)杀菌：将南瓜汁脱气液高温灭菌，即得南瓜汁。
步骤4)中，所述的高温灭菌条件为于120-140℃灭菌20-30s。
本发明的具有降血糖功效的南瓜粉，配方中各原料的药理和药效如下：
南瓜中含有的降糖因子CTY，能促进胰岛素正常分泌；富含的铬是葡萄糖耐量因子(GTF)的活性中心，可刺激葡萄糖的摄入；果胶可延缓肠道对糖和脂质吸收，能减少胃肠道激素“胃抑多肽”的分泌，使餐后血糖及血液胰岛素水平下降。
枸杞子性平、味甘，其活性成分枸杞多糖，能提高血清胰岛素水平，并有修复受损胰岛素细胞和促进细胞再生的功能。同时枸杞还具有降低血压、降胆固醇、防治动脉硬化等作用；含有的胡萝卜素、维生素及钙、铁、镁、锌等微量元素，能为人体提供多种营养物质。
玉米须中的多糖能促进肝糖原的合成，加快糖异生，对糖代谢器官损伤有修复作用；玉米须皂苷也具有较好的降糖活性，其含有的铬是耐糖因子的组成部分；黄酮类物质能减少自由的产生并清除，具有很好的抗氧化能力，可以防治糖尿病发症。
猕猴桃营养丰富，蛋白水解酶有促进肠道蠕动，帮助排便的作用；血清促进素、天然肌醇有稳定情绪、释放压力，使人走出情绪低谷的功效。此外，猕猴桃还对高血压、高血脂、冠心病等有辅助治疗作用，并能阻断致癌物质N-亚硝基吗啉在人体内的合成，预防多种癌症。因此，猕猴桃不仅能有效降低糖尿病人血糖值，对糖尿病人并发症也具有防治作用。
桑葚中的生物碱能同小肠中的麦芽糖酶、蔗糖酶和乳糖酶等二糖酶结合，阻碍二糖与α-糖苷酶的结合，从而能够明显抑制饭后血糖的升高；同时，由于二糖未被分解和吸收，不会回到血液中，有利于减少胰脏β-细胞疲惫。桑葚中含丰富的维生素、胡萝卜素，还含有亚油酸、硬脂酸、油酸等，可防止人体动脉硬化，骨骼关节硬化，促进新陈代谢，促进血红细胞的生长，防止白细胞减少，对治疗糖尿病、高血压、高血脂等病症具有辅助功效；并且对神经衰弱，内热消渴，耳聋眼花，血虚便秘有良好疗效。
番石榴富含维生素C及锌、铬、硒、钒等微量元素，维生素C具有还原作用，锌是Cu-Zn-SOD的组成成分，硒是谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶的重要成分，它们具有清除自由基的作用，可保护胰岛细胞避免氧化损伤，使其分泌细胞维持胰岛素的活性。同时，锌参与胰岛素的合成与讲解，可维持胰岛素的活性，并具有胰岛素样作用。铬可以降低空腹和餐后胰岛素水平，预防胰岛素抵抗。番石榴还能够软化血管、降低血脂、降低胆固醇，所含蛋白质、脂肪、维生素及矿物质能有效补充糖尿病人因代谢失衡引起的营养缺失，避免营养因子缺失引起的疾病，改善身体素质。
蜂蜜的降血糖功效早在汉代圣医张仲景《金匮要略》中就有记载。近代研究表明，蜂蜜中的“多肽-p”与胰岛素有同样的药用功效；并且蜂蜜中的营养成分对肝脏有很好的保护和营养作用，从而促进肝脏在糖代谢中发挥维持血糖正常水平的作用。
柠檬性平，味酸、甘，富含大量维生素C及丰富的有机酸和黄酮类物质，具有降血糖、降血压，增强免疫力的功效。
罗汉果中皂苷能减弱四氧嘧啶对胰岛β细胞的损伤或改善受损细胞的功能，并且能促进胰岛素的分泌；同时罗汉果皂苷还能降低血清中游离脂肪酸，并减轻糖尿病发展进程中的氧化应激反应，减轻血管内皮损伤，减少糖尿病肾病的发生。此外，罗汉果中的甜味素比蔗糖甜300倍，但不产生热量，是代替糖尿病患者的甜味食品或调味剂。
枸杞能够修复受损胰岛素细胞，罗汉果能减少β细胞的损伤，南瓜促进胰岛素的分泌，具有协调效应；蜂蜜“多肽-p”与胰岛素有相同作用，提高了胰岛素水平；玉米须促进糖原的合成，桑葚生物碱能与二糖结合；对血糖的降低起到了双管齐下的作用，能够有效降低血糖。另外，猕猴桃丰富的营养成分，能防治糖尿病并发症。因此，各种成分的配伍起到标本兼治的作用。
本发明的降血糖南瓜汁，使用具有降血糖功效的蔬菜水果，果蔬中的降血糖功能因子相互协调；同时果蔬中富含维生素，避免了机体因维生素缺乏引起的并发症。另外，本发明的具有降血糖的南瓜汁有浓郁的南瓜清香和水果香气，酸甜可口，是适合糖尿病人的安全果蔬饮料。
本发明由于采取以上技术方案，其具有以下优点：
1.本发明的降血糖南瓜汁，使用具有降血糖功效的蔬菜水果，果蔬中的降血糖功能因子相互协调；同时果蔬中富含维生素，避免了机体因维生素缺乏引起的并发症。
2.本发明的具有降血糖的南瓜汁有浓郁的南瓜清香和水果香气，酸甜可口，是适合糖尿病人的安全果蔬饮料。
具体实施方式
以下通过实施例的方式进一步说明本发明，但并不因此将本发明限制在所述的实施例范围之中。下列实施例中未注明具体条件的实验方法，按照常规的方法和条件进行选择。
实施例1制备具有降血糖功效的南瓜汁
配方1为：南瓜粉100克，枸杞粉10克，玉米须提取物5克，猕猴桃粉40克，桑葚粉30克，番石榴粉5克，蜂蜜粉2克，柠檬粉10克，罗汉果粉6克，L-阿拉伯糖6克，木糖醇20克，水746克。
(1)调和：按配方1准确称取各原料组分后，混合均匀，制得果蔬粉调和液。
(2)过滤：利用带式真空过滤机对果蔬粉调和液进行过滤，真空绝对压力为0.05MPa，滤带移动速度为8m/min，得南瓜汁滤液；下料、过滤、洗涤、脱渣、滤布清洗均为连续自动化，生产效率高、运行成本低、节省劳动力。
(3)脱气：利用真空脱气罐对南瓜汁滤液进行脱气，脱气温度45℃，罐内真空度为70kPa，脱气3min，得果蔬脱气液；
(4)杀菌：脱气后的南瓜汁加热至120℃灭菌25s。
每次100-120mL，每日三次，直接饮用。
实施例2制备具有降血糖功效的南瓜汁
配方2为：南瓜粉150克，枸杞粉20克，玉米须提取物6克，猕猴桃粉40克，桑葚粉50克，番石榴粉6克，蜂蜜粉4克，柠檬粉20克，罗汉果粉7克，L-阿拉伯糖6克，木糖醇30克，水657克。
(1)调和：按配方2准确称取各原料组分后，混合均匀，制得果蔬粉调和液。
(2)过滤：利用带式真空过滤机对果蔬粉调和液进行过滤，真空绝对压力为0.03MPa，滤带移动速度为2m/min，得南瓜汁滤液；
(3)脱气：利用真空脱气罐对南瓜汁滤液进行脱气，脱气温度40℃，罐内真空度为60kPa，脱气1min，得果蔬脱气液；
(4)杀菌：脱气后的南瓜汁加热至140℃灭菌40s。
每次100-120mL，每日三次，直接饮用。
实施例3制备具有降血糖功效的南瓜汁
配方为：南瓜粉200克，枸杞粉10克，玉米须提取物6克，猕猴桃粉20克，桑葚粉10克，番石榴粉7克，蜂蜜粉8克，柠檬粉20克，罗汉果粉15克，L-阿拉伯糖10克，木糖醇10克，水710克
(1)调和：按配方3准确称取各原料组分后，混合均匀，制得果蔬粉调和液。
(2)过滤：利用带式真空过滤机对果蔬粉调和液进行过滤，真空绝对压力为0.06MPa，滤带移动速度为10m/min，得南瓜汁滤液；下料、过滤、洗涤、脱渣、滤布清洗均为连续自动化，生产效率高、运行成本低、节省劳动力。
(3)脱气：利用真空脱气罐对南瓜汁滤液进行脱气，脱气温度50℃，罐内真空度为80kPa，脱气5min，得果蔬脱气液。
(4)杀菌：脱气后的南瓜汁加热至130℃灭菌35s。
每次100-120mL，每日三次，直接饮用。
病例资料：
临床应用126例，女性58例，男性52例，平均年龄57岁，病程3-21年，伴有多食易渴、口渴多饮、倦怠乏力、视力模糊、脚趾溃烂等并发症，原治疗方案不变。
治疗方法：冲服实施例1的药物，每日一次，每次一剂(实施例1给出的剂量即为一剂的量)，两周为一疗程。
疗效评价：
显效：空腹血糖及餐后2小时血糖下降至正常范围；或空腹血糖及餐后2小时血糖值下降超过治疗前的40％，糖化血红蛋白值下降至正常，或下降超过治疗前的30％。
有效：空腹血糖及餐后2小时糖下降超过治疗前的20％，但未达到显效标准，糖化血红蛋白值下降超过治疗前的10％，但未达到显效标准。
无效：临床症状、体征均无明显改善，甚或加重，症候积分减少不足30％；空腹血糖及餐后2小时血糖无下降，或下降未达到有效标准，糖化血红蛋白值无下降，或下降未达到有效标准。
治疗结果：126例糖尿病患者，显效5例，有效68例，无效53例，总有效率58％。均未发现毒副作用，患者易接受。
临床典型病例：
病例1：张某某，女，45岁，公务员，患糖尿病5年，伴有慢性萎缩性胃炎，症状表现为失眠多梦，腰酸背痛，头晕目眩，服用实施例1的具有降血糖功效的南瓜汁，服用两周后，空腹血糖6.7mmol/L，餐后血糖为11.6mmol/L，其他症状得到有效缓解。
病例2：
刘某，男，53岁，公司职员，患糖尿病15年，面色焦黄，口苦耳鸣，出虚汗；平时注射30个单位的胰岛素。服用实施例1的具有降血糖功效的南瓜汁，服用两周后，症状有所缓解，胰岛素注射量减少到26个单位。
病例3：
王某某，男，65岁，退休工人，患糖尿病8年，通过服用格列吡嗪，平时空腹血糖8.1mmol/L,餐后血糖为12.6mmol/L；严重失眠，心慌气短，抑郁易怒。服用实施例1的具有降血糖功效的南瓜汁，服用两周后，失眠、心慌易怒等并发症有明显好转。
表1具有降血糖功效的南瓜汁感官评价表
注：感官评价为10人小组评定结果
上述虽然对本发明的具体实施方式进行了描述，但并非对本发明保护范围的限制，所属领域技术人员应该明白，在本发明的技术方案的基础上，本领域技术人员不需要付出创造性劳动即可做出的各种修改或变形仍在本发明的保护范围以内。
Claims (6)
1.一种具有降血糖功效的南瓜汁，其特征在于，是由下列重量百分比的原料制成：南瓜粉100-200份，枸杞粉10-20份，玉米须提取物5-6份，猕猴桃粉20-40份，桑葚粉10-50份，番石榴粉5-7份，蜂蜜粉2-8份，柠檬粉10-20份，罗汉果粉6-15份，L-阿拉伯糖6-10份，木糖醇10-30份，水650-750份。
2.如权利要求1所述的具有降血糖功效的南瓜汁，其特征在于，所述的南瓜粉、枸杞粉、猕猴桃粉、桑葚粉、番石榴粉、蜂蜜粉、柠檬粉和罗汉果粉的粒度均为150-300目。
3.一种具有降血糖功效的南瓜汁制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
1)调和：取南瓜粉100-200份，枸杞粉10-20份，玉米须提取物5-6份，猕猴桃粉20-40份，桑葚粉10-50份，番石榴粉5-7份，蜂蜜粉2-8份，柠檬粉10-20份，罗汉果粉6-15份，L-阿拉伯糖6-10份，木糖醇10-30份，水650-750份，混合均匀，得果蔬粉调和液；
2)过滤：利用带式真空过滤机对果蔬粉调和液进行过滤，真空绝对压力为0.03-0.06MPa，滤带移动速度为2-10m/min，得南瓜汁滤液；
3)脱气：利用真空脱气罐对南瓜汁滤液进行脱气，脱气温度40-50℃，罐内真空度为60-80kPa，脱气1-5min，得果蔬脱气液；
4)杀菌：将南瓜汁脱气液高温灭菌，即得南瓜汁。
4.如权利要求3所述的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤4)中，所述的高温灭菌条件为于120-180℃灭菌80-120s。
5.权利要求1或2所述的具有降血糖功效的南瓜汁在制备治疗高血糖的功能饮料中的应用。
6.权利要求1或2所述的具有降血糖功效的南瓜汁在制备治疗高血压、高血脂或冠心病的功能饮料中的应用。
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