CN104399221B - Method for biodegradation of pesticide residual liquid by using edible fungus chaff - Google Patents
Method for biodegradation of pesticide residual liquid by using edible fungus chaff Download PDFInfo
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- CN104399221B CN104399221B CN201410560949.7A CN201410560949A CN104399221B CN 104399221 B CN104399221 B CN 104399221B CN 201410560949 A CN201410560949 A CN 201410560949A CN 104399221 B CN104399221 B CN 104399221B
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- pesticide
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
- A62D3/00—Processes for making harmful chemical substances harmless or less harmful, by effecting a chemical change in the substances
- A62D3/02—Processes for making harmful chemical substances harmless or less harmful, by effecting a chemical change in the substances by biological methods, i.e. processes using enzymes or microorganisms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
- A62D2101/00—Harmful chemical substances made harmless, or less harmful, by effecting chemical change
- A62D2101/04—Pesticides, e.g. insecticides, herbicides, fungicides or nematocides
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
- A62D2203/00—Aspects of processes for making harmful chemical substances harmless, or less harmful, by effecting chemical change in the substances
Abstract
A method for biodegradation of a pesticide residual liquid by using edible fungus chaff comprises the following steps: respectively naturally air-drying the edible fungus chaff, surface soil and straw, and then crushing or chopping; mixing the edible fungus chaff, the surface soil and the straw evenly to obtain a mixed matrix, and adding water to make the water content be 60% of the maximal water-holding capacity; curing the mixed matrix for 10 days at the room temperature; filling the cured mixed matrix into a pesticide degradation reactor; arranging the pesticide degradation reactor near a farmland; and evenly spraying a pesticide on the surface of the pesticide degradation reactor, and making the pesticide biodegraded by the edible fungus chaff in the pesticide degradation reactor. The method has the advantages that the method is simple in process, easy to operate, and high in pesticide degradation effect; the used raw materials of the mixed matrix are rich in sources and low in price; and the method not only reduces the effects of pesticide point source pollution on soil and surface water, but also effectively utilizes waste, protects the ecological environment, is obvious in economic and technical effects, and is applicable to vigorous popularization and application.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to degradation of pesticide technical field, and in particular to a kind of side of utilization edible fungus bran degrading pesticide residual liquid
Method.
Background technology
Improper process due to pesticide in application for a long time, the pesticide stock solution of a large amount of high concentrations is with pesticide dilute
Release, fill to spray appliance, cleaning spray appliance, residues of banned pesticides process etc. during be discharged in soil or water body, due to this
A little processes are typically all concentrated on where the fixation of farmland, thus the multiple pesticide point source emission of high concentration causes earth's surface
The severe contamination of water, subsoil water and soil.
Biological bed technique is a kind of novel agrochemical microbial technology, with low cost, high efficiency, easy operational management
Feature, has come into operation in developed countries such as Sweden at present.In order to prevent or administering the point-source pollution of pesticide, 1993,
Castiillo and Torstensson have invented a kind of simple, easily operated, economic field biological repair system, purpose
It is to collect pesticide sewage and it is degraded, the system is referred to as biological bed.Biological bed be one kind be arranged in farmland but with surrounding
The reactor of soil independence, using soil, straw and turf biological mixed-matrix is constituted, both for degradation of pesticide microorganism life
Long breeding provides control environment, and with good pesticide adsorption, realizes the fast degradation of pesticide.
The ability of biological bed degrading pesticide is mainly determined by biologic packing material mixture.Generally, biologic packing material mixing
Thing is by 50% by straw, turf and topsoil:25%:25% volume mixture is uniformly constituted.Each several part in biologic packing material mixture
Play different effects.Affected by price, at present many researchs concentrate on be easy to get from other, cheap material to be substituting mud
Charcoal.Edible fungus bran refers to organic solid castoff that is remaining and decomposing through microorganism after the various edible fungi of cultivation,
The microbiologic population of various metabolites and substantial amounts wherein containing edible fungi and the mycelium of residual.Along with China
The development of mushroom industry, has every year substantial amounts of edible fungus bran to produce.Calculate by edible fungus biology efficiency average 40%,
National about 45,700,000 tons of edible fungi residue total output in 2008, enormous amount, but environmentally friendly effectively place how is carried out to bacteria residue
Reason. but never it is well solved.Using the technology of edible fungus bran degrading pesticide residual liquid, waste liquid, there is not been reported.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is for above-mentioned existing problems, there is provided one kind utilizes edible fungus bran biodegradation pesticide residual liquid
Method, the method process is simple, easily operated, degradation of pesticide effect is high；The abundant raw material source of mixed-matrix used, price
It is cheap；Impact of the pesticide point-source pollution to soil and surface water is not only reduced, and is effectively utilized garbage, protecting ecology
Environment.
Technical scheme：
A kind of method of utilization edible fungus bran biodegradation pesticide residual liquid, step is as follows：
1) by edible fungus bran natural air drying, granularity is then crushed to for 10-18 mesh；
2) by topsoil natural air drying, granularity is then crushed to for 10-18 mesh；
3) by straw natural air drying, it is then cut into the particle of 1-5cm；
4) by the edible fungus bran after above-mentioned process, topsoil and straw mix homogeneously, mixed-matrix is obtained, measurement is mixed
The maximum water-holding capacity of substrate is closed, it is the 60% of maximum water-holding capacity to add water to make the water content of mixed-matrix；
5) by ripening 10 days at room temperature of the mixed-matrix after above-mentioned adding water, daily moisturizing is keeping mixing during ripening
The humidity of substrate；
6) mixed-matrix after ripening is loaded in the container being made ready beforehand for, forms degradation of pesticide reactor, mixed-matrix
Filler depth is 0.8-1.2 rice, and per hectare farmland needs 1-2 cubic meter mixed-matrix fillers；
7）Degradation of pesticide reactor is arranged near farmland, rain-proof cover is set under open-air condition in case rainfall affects mixed
Soil humidity is closed, mixed-matrix surface lays lawn to reduce moisture evaporation；
8）The waste liquid during applications of pesticide, residual liquid and washing liquid are uniformly sprayed at into degradation of pesticide reactor surface so as to
The degraded of bacterium germ bran biological is eaten in degradation of pesticide reactor.
The edible fungus bran refers to remaining organic solid castoff after the various edible fungi of cultivation.
The topsoil refers to and the deep topsoils of 1-5cm is taken on the soil of farming.
The straw is wheat stalk or corn straw.
The mass percent of edible fungus bran and topsoil is 20-30% in the mixed-matrix, and straw is surplus.
The degradation of pesticide reactor is the container of arbitrary shape, and container bottom and surrounding are sealed, and top is opened wide；Container material
Matter is metal, plastics, timber or cement.
Edible fungus bran of the present invention is all kinds of edible fungis, including can not only substitute turf in mixed-matrix
In play a part of to control humidity, be that the growth of microorganism is carried also as it contains a large amount of celluloses, hemicellulose and lignin
For necessary nutrient substance, and the secretion of microbial pesticide digestive enzyme can be promoted, therefore it is more beneficial for pesticide than turf
Degraded.Straw is particularly important to degradation of pesticide degree and microbial activity, and it also serves as the inoculation source of degradation of pesticide microorganism,
Other nutrition compositions such as the necessary carbon source of growth, nitrogen source can be provided for microorganism, and lignin can be provided and promote microorganism
The secretion of pesticide degradable enzyme.
It is an advantage of the invention that：
The method process is simple, easily operated, degradation of pesticide effect height；The abundant raw material source of mixed-matrix used, valency
Lattice are cheap；Impact of the pesticide point-source pollution to soil and surface water is not only reduced, and is effectively utilized garbage, protection life
State environment, economic and technique effect substantially, is suitable to widely popularize application.
Specific embodiment
The method of the present invention is further illustrated with reference to embodiment.
Embodiment：
A kind of method of utilization edible fungus bran biodegradation pesticide residual liquid, step is as follows：
1) by edible fungus bran natural air drying, it is 10-18 mesh to be then crushed to granularity, and the edible fungus bran refers to cultivation
Train remaining organic solid castoff after various edible fungi；
2) by topsoil natural air drying, it is 10-18 mesh to be then crushed to granularity, and the topsoil refers to the soil in farming
The deep topsoils of 1-5cm are taken on the ground；
3) by wheat stalk natural air drying, it is then cut into the particle of 1-5cm；
4) by the edible fungus bran after above-mentioned process, topsoil and straw mix homogeneously, mixed-matrix, mixed base are obtained
The mass percent of matter is：Edible fungus bran 25%, topsoil 25%, wheat stalk 50%, measure the maximum water holding of mixed-matrix
Amount, it is the 60% of maximum water-holding capacity to add water to make the water content of mixed-matrix；
5) by ripening 10 days at room temperature of the mixed-matrix after above-mentioned adding water, daily moisturizing is keeping mixing during ripening
The humidity of substrate；
6) mixed-matrix after ripening is loaded in the container being made ready beforehand for, forms degradation of pesticide reactor, the pesticide
Degradation reaction device is bulge, and container bottom and surrounding are sealed, and top is opened wide；Container material quality is plastics, mixed-matrix filler
Depth is 0.8 meter, and per hectare farmland loads 1 cubic metre of mixed-matrix filler；
7）Degradation of pesticide reactor is arranged near farmland, rain-proof cover is set under open-air condition in case rainfall affects mixed
Soil humidity is closed, mixed-matrix surface lays lawn to reduce moisture evaporation；
8）The waste liquid during applications of pesticide, residual liquid and washing liquid are uniformly sprayed at into degradation of pesticide reactor surface so as to
The degraded of bacterium germ bran biological is eaten in degradation of pesticide reactor.
Testing result shows：After 28 days, the degradation rate of Bravo is 93.23% in pesticide residual liquid, the degraded of imidacloprid
Rate is 62.61%.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of method of utilization edible fungus bran biodegradation pesticide residual liquid, it is characterised in that:Step is as follows：
1) by edible fungus bran natural air drying, granularity is then crushed to for 10-18 mesh；
2) by topsoil natural air drying, granularity is then crushed to for 10-18 mesh；
3) by straw natural air drying, it is then cut into the particle of 1-5cm；
4) by the edible fungus bran after above-mentioned process, topsoil and straw mix homogeneously, mixed-matrix is obtained, measures mixed-matrix
Maximum water-holding capacity, add water to make the water content of mixed-matrix for the 60% of maximum water-holding capacity；
5) by ripening 10 days at room temperature of the mixed-matrix after above-mentioned adding water, daily moisturizing is keeping mixed-matrix during ripening
Humidity；
6) mixed-matrix after ripening is loaded in the container being made ready beforehand for, forms degradation of pesticide reactor, mixed-matrix filler
Depth is 0.8-1.2 rice, and per hectare farmland needs 1-2 cubic meter mixed-matrix fillers；
7) degradation of pesticide reactor is arranged near farmland, rain-proof cover is set under open-air condition in case rainfall affects mixed base
Lay lawn to reduce moisture evaporation in matter humidity, mixed-matrix surface；
8) waste liquid during applications of pesticide, residual liquid and washing liquid are uniformly sprayed at into degradation of pesticide reactor surface so as in pesticide
The degraded of bacterium germ bran biological is eaten in degradation reaction device；
The edible fungus bran refers to remaining organic solid castoff after the various edible fungi of cultivation；
The topsoil refers to and the deep topsoils of 1-5cm is taken on the soil of farming；
The mass percent of edible fungus bran and topsoil is 20-30% in the mixed-matrix, and straw is surplus；
The degradation of pesticide reactor is the container of arbitrary shape, and container bottom and surrounding are sealed, and top is opened wide；Container material quality is
Metal, plastics, timber or cement；
Containing Bravo and imidacloprid in the pesticide residual liquid.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201410560949.7A CN104399221B (en) | 2014-10-21 | 2014-10-21 | Method for biodegradation of pesticide residual liquid by using edible fungus chaff |
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| CN201410560949.7A CN104399221B (en) | 2014-10-21 | 2014-10-21 | Method for biodegradation of pesticide residual liquid by using edible fungus chaff |
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| CN104399221A CN104399221A (en) | 2015-03-11 |
| CN104399221B true CN104399221B (en) | 2017-05-10 |
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Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106416495A (en) * | 2016-09-04 | 2017-02-22 | 云南省能源研究院有限公司 | Method for effectively removing soil pesticide residues in microenvironment under plateau photovoltaic panel |
| CN110078310B (en) * | 2019-05-27 | 2024-03-05 | 农业农村部环境保护科研监测所 | Pesticide degradation ecological bed and degradation method thereof |
| CN113058991A (en) * | 2021-01-20 | 2021-07-02 | 杨风 | In-situ remediation method for tobacco field organochlorine and organophosphorus pesticide composite contaminated soil |
| CN113578955B (en) * | 2021-07-30 | 2022-05-13 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Method for improving hexachloro-pesticide hexachloro-cyclohexane degradation rate in soil |
| CN113578957B (en) * | 2021-08-02 | 2023-03-31 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Method for improving degradation rate of pyrimethanil serving as bactericide |
| CN114574371B (en) * | 2022-03-22 | 2023-08-15 | 上海市农业科学院 | Method for degrading residual organic chlorine pesticide 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid in straw by utilizing stropharia rugoso-annulata |
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| CN101445405A (en) * | 2008-12-29 | 2009-06-03 | 陕西雅枫菌业科技有限公司 | Compound bio-organic fertilizer and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN103145497A (en) * | 2013-03-06 | 2013-06-12 | 青岛农业大学 | Novel mushroom residue and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) culture medium, and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN103570383A (en) * | 2012-07-27 | 2014-02-12 | 孙悦迎 | Method utilizing waste and bacterium dreg generated during process of producing edible fungi from straw raw materials to produce microorganism organic bacterium fertilizer |
| CN103817147A (en) * | 2014-02-17 | 2014-05-28 | 四川农业大学 | Method utilizing potassium chloride leaching liquor of edible fungus dreg or wine dreg to rinse polluted soil in order to remove cadmium in polluted soil |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2013022585A (en) * | 2011-07-25 | 2013-02-04 | Earth Solution Inc | Method for purifying environmental contamination by organochlorine pesticides |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101445405A (en) * | 2008-12-29 | 2009-06-03 | 陕西雅枫菌业科技有限公司 | Compound bio-organic fertilizer and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN103570383A (en) * | 2012-07-27 | 2014-02-12 | 孙悦迎 | Method utilizing waste and bacterium dreg generated during process of producing edible fungi from straw raw materials to produce microorganism organic bacterium fertilizer |
| CN103145497A (en) * | 2013-03-06 | 2013-06-12 | 青岛农业大学 | Novel mushroom residue and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) culture medium, and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN103817147A (en) * | 2014-02-17 | 2014-05-28 | 四川农业大学 | Method utilizing potassium chloride leaching liquor of edible fungus dreg or wine dreg to rinse polluted soil in order to remove cadmium in polluted soil |
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Address after: 300191 Tianjin city Nankai District Fukang Road No. 31 Patentee after: AGRO-ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION INSTITUTE, MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE Address before: 300191 Tianjin city Nankai District Fukang Road No. 31 Patentee before: Agro-Environmental Protection Institute of Ministry of Agriculture |
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Effective date of registration: 20191030 Address after: 300191 No.31 Fukang Road, Nankai District, Tianjin (Science and Technology Park) Patentee after: Tianjin Dongfang Green Technology Development Co.,Ltd. Address before: 300191 Tianjin city Nankai District Fukang Road No. 31 Patentee before: AGRO-ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION INSTITUTE, MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE |
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