CN104387131A - Method capable of simultaneously accelerating decomposition of Sclerotinia scleotiorum and crop straws - Google Patents
Method capable of simultaneously accelerating decomposition of Sclerotinia scleotiorum and crop straws Download PDFInfo
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- CN104387131A CN104387131A CN201410584279.2A CN201410584279A CN104387131A CN 104387131 A CN104387131 A CN 104387131A CN 201410584279 A CN201410584279 A CN 201410584279A CN 104387131 A CN104387131 A CN 104387131A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method capable of simultaneously accelerating decomposition of Sclerotinia scleotiorum and crop straws. The method comprises the following steps: (1) firstly, applying a spraying type complex fungicide: preparing a spraying type complex fungicide water solution by virtue of the spraying type complex fungicide and water, wherein the 15g of the spraying type complex fungicide is sprayed to each mu (a unit of area) of field, and the ratio of the spraying type complex fungicide to water is 15 grams to 15 liters; spraying oilseed rape straws returning to field with the spraying type complex fungicide water solution when the oilseed rape is harvested; standing for 3-5 days after the oilseed rape straws are sprayed with the spraying type complex fungicide water solution; (2) secondly, applying a compound microbial fertilizer, namely applying the compound microbial fertilizer before the oilseed rape is planted, wherein 10kg of the compound microbial fertilizer is applied to each mu of the field. The method has the advantages that the straws and Sclerotinia scleotiorum can be rapidly decomposed, the time and the labor are saved, the cost is low, soil-borne diseases such as Sclerotinia scleotiorum, clubroot and the like can be prevented, and the crop yield can be increased.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method simultaneously can accelerating rape sclerotium and crop material decomposition.
Background technology
For a long time, China's Rape-seed production straw-returning rate is low, and sclerotium disease is serious; The using of traditional biological bacterial manure (agent) product be one season applied once, due to the impact by applying environment condition, application effect is unstable.In recent years, China's rape entire mechanization progress faster, along with the increase of rape mechanical harvest area, adjoint phenomenon is a large amount of rape straw direct returning to farmland, but produce to land for growing field crops succession crop and bring two major issues, one is rape straw how quick composting, neither stubble young rice seedlings growth after impact, again can Quick for the nutrient demand of rear stubble rice seedling, two is sclerotium in parasitic rape stalk of how degrading, and reduces soil-borne disease-sclerotinia rot of colza to the harm of rape of lower season.So bio-bacterial manure (agent) application technique that field biology in situ transforms, simple and effective is returned crop stocks to the field is the important channel of supported mechanical Rape-seed production reconstruction exhibition.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method simultaneously can accelerating rape sclerotium and crop material decomposition, the method can accelerate rape sclerotium and crop material decomposition.
To achieve these goals, the technical solution used in the present invention is: a kind of method simultaneously can accelerating rape sclerotium and crop material decomposition, is characterized in that it comprises the steps:
1) first time uses and sprays type composite fungus agent:
Be 15 grams/acre by spraying type composite fungus agent consumption, and by spraying type composite fungus agent: water=15 gram: 15 liters, are made into and spray the type composite fungus agent aqueous solution, and this sprays type composite fungus agent bacteria containing amount > 10
11fungal spore/gram; While results rape, the type composite fungus agent aqueous solution is sprayed [at combine harvester or install small spraying device for administration of drugs on gathering and threshing mill to the rape straw in also field, threshing limit, limit sprays " spraying the type composite fungus agent aqueous solution " the rape straw going back field, or sprays " spraying the type composite fungus agent aqueous solution " with motor-driven or hand sprayer]; Spray " spraying the type composite fungus agent aqueous solution " and place 3-5 days afterwards, fungal spore by fast-germination, and can surely be grown effectively on rape stalk and rape sclerotium, thus reaches the object of decomposing rape stalk and rape sclerotium;
Application effect: investigation in 30 days, compare with not spraying compound decomposition microbial agent, rape stalk decomposition rate can improve 23.9%; Sclerotium decomposition rate can improve 38.1%;
2) second time uses composite microbiological fertilizer (composite microbiological fertilizer described in Chinese patent ZL201010130961.6):
Before sowing rape, use composite microbiological fertilizer (ZL201010130961.6), composite microbiological fertilizer (ZL201010130961.6) can be used separately or use [when sowing rape together with (namely mixing with chemical fertilizer and namely execute) after the mixing of other chemical fertilizer, combined drill can be adopted to spread fertilizer over the fields or manually evenly spread fertilizer over the fields before sowing], composite microbiological fertilizer consumption 10 kilograms every mu; This composite microbiological fertilizer bacteria containing amount > 10
9individual/gram, boron-containing quantity 50 gs/kg;
Application effect: investigation in 30 days, compares with Matrix controls, and the crop material of crop rotation [crop material before sowing rape, as: rice straw, maize straw, peanut straw, sesame stalk] decomposition rate improves 14.1%; Apply investigation in 180 days, content of soil available phosphor improves 12.3%, quick-acting Boron contents improves 6.7%, aerobic bacteria sum increases by 15.6%, acid phosphatase, sucrase are lived and urease activity improves 18.7%, 12.4% and 21.6% respectively, rape harvest phase sclerotium disease disease index declines 16.8%, and club root sickness rate declines 14.3%, volume increase 5.4%.
The described preparation spraying type composite fungus agent comprises the steps:
(1) preparation of trichoderma harziarum microbial inoculum:
1. inoculated fungi: be seeded in the enamel tray containing V8+S substratum by trichoderma harziarum thalline, covers clean double-layer sand cloth, 28 DEG C cultivate 5 days, then 35 DEG C air-dry 2 days;
First trichoderma harziarum is mixed with spore suspension, inoculum size is that per kilogram V8+S substratum adds 10 milliliters of spore suspensions, and every milliliter of spore amount is>=5 × 10
4individual;
2. be: Zulkovsky starch 85.0%, glucose 13.5%, white dyes 0.3%, fungal spore 1.2% choose Zulkovsky starch, glucose, white dyes and step 1. postvaccinal trichoderma harziarum fungal spore by weight percentage shared by each component; After fully mixing with dry fungal spore with Zulkovsky starch, glucose and white dyes, cross 100 eye mesh screens, 35 DEG C air-dry 1 day again, obtain trichoderma harziarum microbial inoculum;
(2) preparation of microorganism Aspergillus aculeatus microbial inoculum:
1. inoculated fungi: be seeded in the enamel tray containing V8+S substratum by microorganism Aspergillus aculeatus thalline, covers clean double-layer sand cloth, 28 DEG C cultivate 5 days, then 35 DEG C air-dry 2 days;
First microorganism Aspergillus aculeatus is mixed with spore suspension, inoculum size is that per kilogram V8+S substratum adds 10 milliliters of spore suspensions, and every milliliter of spore amount is>=5 × 10
4individual;
2. be: Zulkovsky starch 85.0%, glucose 13.5%, white dyes 0.3%, fungal spore 1.2% choose Zulkovsky starch, glucose, white dyes and step 1. postvaccinal microorganism Aspergillus aculeatus fungal spore by weight percentage shared by each component; After fully mixing with dry fungal spore with Zulkovsky starch, glucose and white dyes, cross 100 eye mesh screens, 35 DEG C air-dry 1 day again, obtain microorganism Aspergillus aculeatus microbial inoculum;
(3) by trichoderma harziarum microbial inoculum: the mass ratio of microorganism Aspergillus aculeatus microbial inoculum is 1 ~ 2:1, by trichoderma harziarum microbial inoculum and microorganism Aspergillus aculeatus microbial inoculum mixing pack, obtain spraying type composite fungus agent.
By every bag of 15 grams of packing (have 10 grams in 15 grams every bag for trichoderma harziarum microbial inoculum, another 5 grams is microorganism Aspergillus aculeatus microbial inoculum) in step (3), amount of application is 15 grams every mu; Finally every gram is 10 containing fungal spore amount
11individual/gram more than.
Described V8+S substratum is: potato 30wt%, tomato 20wt%, Radix Dauci Sativae 10wt%, onion 10wt%, green pepper 10wt%, celery 5wt%, spinach 5wt%, garlic 5wt%, sucrose 5wt%.
The preparation of above-mentioned V8+S substratum:
1) by weight percentage shared by each component: potato 30%, tomato 20%, Radix Dauci Sativae 10%, onion 10%, green pepper 10%, celery 5%, spinach 5%, garlic 5%, sucrose 5%, potato, tomato, Radix Dauci Sativae, onion, green pepper, celery, spinach, garlic and sucrose is chosen;
2) potato, tomato, Radix Dauci Sativae, onion, green pepper, celery, spinach, garlic are cut into small pieces respectively, and mix, pulverize, add sucrose and mix, obtaining V8+S substratum.
V8 represents 8 kinds of vegetables, and S represents sucrose.
The present invention is with V8+S culture medium culturing and produce a large amount of fungal spore, and Zulkovsky starch is carrier, adsorbing spores; This sprays after type composite fungus agent sprays, and glucose can shorten time that gemma sprouts and accelerate the growth of mycelia, decomposition rape stalk and sclerotium; White dyes can defend sun middle-ultraviolet lamp to the injury of fungal spore and mycelia effectively, and ensure the high bacterium number that continues and extend the microbial survival time, sustainable development on stalk and sclerotium also forms local superiority's monoid.It has resistance to envrionment conditions, living bacteria count high, can preserve for a long time in room temperature, use (spraying) affected by environment little and have certain protection to the injury that ultraviolet brings afterwards, can effectively at the quick decomposition rape stalk of field original position and sclerotium.
The present invention uses " spraying type composite fungus agent ", for first time uses while rape harvest (containing disposable results and swath harvesting, crop material and the rape sclerotium of a large amount of pulverizing are scattering into whole field ground surface); Crop straw and rape sclerotium field original position decomposition can be accelerated, reduce sclerotinia rot of colza to the harm of rape of lower season, improve crop yield.Composite microbiological fertilizer (ZL201010130961.6) is used, for second time is used before during rape seed; Have and meet crop boron nutrition, activating soil phosphorus, accelerate crop straw and rape sclerotium decomposition, improve soil physical chemistry, biological character, soil-borne disease such as control sclerotinia rot of colza, club root etc., improves the effects such as crop yield.Catalogue be accelerate crop straw and rape sclerotium field original position decomposition, soil-borne disease such as control sclerotinia rot of colza, club root etc., and have and meet crop boron nutrition, activating soil phosphorus, improves soil physical chemistry, biological character, improves the effects such as crop yield.
The invention solves 3 hang-ups that current straw-returning is difficult to spread existence: (1) accelerates straw decomposition, solve the problem that straw decomposition is slow, affect farming and sowing; (2) decomposition rape sclerotium, the soil-borne diseases such as control sclerotinia rot of colza, solve the problem that stalk posts disease hazard lower season rape; (3) on cropper, install spraying plant additional and use combined drill, realize agriculture agricultural machinery and merge, field original position is used, and solves results and sows two rush season, labor stringency and the rotten problem of going back field and wasting time and energy of heap.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: adopt administered twice composite fungus agent, composite microbiological fertilizer, realize crop material field biology in situ and transform also field.The decomposition microbial agent that first time uses is for spraying type composite fungus agent; at combine harvester or install small spraying device for administration of drugs on gathering and threshing mill; limit threshing (stalk is pulverized) limit sprays " spraying type composite fungus agent " the rape straw going back field; realize the fusion of agronomy agricultural machinery; stalk and sclerotium can decompositions effectively fast; save time, laborsaving, cost is low, comprehensive benefit is obvious.Second time uses composite microbiological fertilizer, combined drill can be adopted to spread fertilizer over the fields or sow front employing manually evenly to spread fertilizer over the fields before sowing rape; This composite microbiological fertilizer can continue the rape sclerotium of field original position decomposition remnants, and rice straw or other crop material, meet crop boron nutrition simultaneously, activating soil phosphorus, improve soil physical chemistry, biological character, soil-borne disease such as control sclerotinia rot of colza, club root etc., improves the effects such as crop yield.
Embodiment
In following embodiment: described in spray the preparation of type composite fungus agent, comprise the steps:
(1) preparation of trichoderma harziarum microbial inoculum:
1. inoculated fungi: be seeded in the enamel tray containing V8+S substratum by trichoderma harziarum thalline, covers clean double-layer sand cloth, 28 DEG C cultivate 5 days, then 35 DEG C air-dry 2 days;
First trichoderma harziarum is mixed with spore suspension, inoculum size is that per kilogram V8+S substratum adds 10 milliliters of spore suspensions, and every milliliter of spore amount is>=5 × 10
4individual;
2. be: Zulkovsky starch 85.0%, glucose 13.5%, white dyes 0.3%, fungal spore 1.2% choose Zulkovsky starch, glucose, white dyes and step 1. postvaccinal trichoderma harziarum fungal spore by weight percentage shared by each component; After fully mixing with dry fungal spore with Zulkovsky starch, glucose and white dyes, cross 100 eye mesh screens, 35 DEG C air-dry 1 day again, obtain trichoderma harziarum microbial inoculum;
(2) preparation of microorganism Aspergillus aculeatus microbial inoculum:
1. inoculated fungi: be seeded in the enamel tray containing V8+S substratum by microorganism Aspergillus aculeatus thalline, covers clean double-layer sand cloth, 28 DEG C cultivate 5 days, then 35 DEG C air-dry 2 days;
First microorganism Aspergillus aculeatus is mixed with spore suspension, inoculum size is that per kilogram V8+S substratum adds 10 milliliters of spore suspensions, and every milliliter of spore amount is>=5 × 10
4individual;
2. be: Zulkovsky starch 85.0%, glucose 13.5%, white dyes 0.3%, fungal spore 1.2% choose Zulkovsky starch, glucose, white dyes and step 1. postvaccinal microorganism Aspergillus aculeatus fungal spore by weight percentage shared by each component; After fully mixing with dry fungal spore with Zulkovsky starch, glucose and white dyes, cross 100 eye mesh screens, 35 DEG C air-dry 1 day again, obtain microorganism Aspergillus aculeatus microbial inoculum;
(3) by trichoderma harziarum microbial inoculum: the mass ratio of microorganism Aspergillus aculeatus microbial inoculum is 1 ~ 2:1, by trichoderma harziarum microbial inoculum and microorganism Aspergillus aculeatus microbial inoculum mixing pack, obtain spraying type composite fungus agent.
By every bag of 15 grams of packing (have 10 grams in 15 grams every bag for trichoderma harziarum microbial inoculum, another 5 grams is microorganism Aspergillus aculeatus microbial inoculum) in step (3), amount of application is 15 grams every mu; Finally every gram is 10 containing fungal spore amount
11individual/gram more than.
Described V8+S substratum is: potato 30wt%, tomato 20wt%, Radix Dauci Sativae 10wt%, onion 10wt%, green pepper 10wt%, celery 5wt%, spinach 5wt%, garlic 5wt%, sucrose 5wt%.
The preparation of above-mentioned V8+S substratum:
1) by weight percentage shared by each component: potato 30%, tomato 20%, Radix Dauci Sativae 10%, onion 10%, green pepper 10%, celery 5%, spinach 5%, garlic 5%, sucrose 5%, potato, tomato, Radix Dauci Sativae, onion, green pepper, celery, spinach, garlic and sucrose is chosen;
2) potato, tomato, Radix Dauci Sativae, onion, green pepper, celery, spinach, garlic are cut into small pieces respectively, and mix, pulverize, add sucrose and mix, obtaining V8+S substratum.
In following embodiment: the preparation method of described composite microbiological fertilizer (ZL201010130961.6), it comprises the steps:
1) by weight percentage shared by each component be: rape rapeseed cake 40.0 ~ 50.0%, crop tangerine bar 10.0 ~ 20.0%, mycothallus 1.5 ~ 3.0%, microorganism 0.5 ~ 1.0%, water 35.0 ~ 40.0, choose rape rapeseed cake, crop tangerine bar, mycothallus, microorganism and water, for subsequent use;
Rape rapeseed cake, crop tangerine bar, water are fully mixed with mycothallus, stacks and cover plastics film, under 20 ~ 25 DEG C of conditions, carrying out solid fermentation, ferment 8 days, and turning 2 times;
2) ferment after 8 days, add microorganism and again fully mix, stack and cover plastics film, under 25 ~ 28 DEG C of conditions, proceeding solid fermentation, fermenting 2 days, and turning 1 time;
3) normal temperature is air-dry, obtains composite microbiological fertilizer.
Embodiment 1[rape-paddy rice crop rotation (water-drought ring is done)]:
Can accelerate a method for rape sclerotium and crop material decomposition, it comprises the steps: simultaneously
1) first time uses and sprays type composite fungus agent:
Be 15 grams/acre by spraying type composite fungus agent consumption, and by spraying type composite fungus agent: water=15 gram: 15 liters, are made into and spray the type composite fungus agent aqueous solution, and this sprays type composite fungus agent bacteria containing amount > 10
11fungal spore/gram; While results rape, the type composite fungus agent aqueous solution [install spray pesticide device at reaper, threshing limit, limit sprays " spraying the type composite fungus agent aqueous solution " the rape straw going back field] is sprayed to the rape straw going back field; Spray " spraying the type composite fungus agent aqueous solution " and place 3-5 days afterwards, fungal spore by fast-germination, and can surely be grown effectively on rape stalk and rape sclerotium, thus reaches the object of decomposing rape stalk and rape sclerotium; Carry out rice cultivation operation again;
Application effect: investigation in 30 days, compares with not spraying compound decomposition microbial agent, and rape stalk decomposition rate improves 23.9%; Sclerotium decomposition rate improves 38.1%;
2) second time uses composite microbiological fertilizer (composite microbiological fertilizer described in Chinese patent ZL201010130961.6):
Before sowing rape, use composite microbiological fertilizer (ZL201010130961.6), composite microbiological fertilizer (ZL201010130961.6) can be used separately or use [when sowing rape together with (namely mixing with chemical fertilizer and namely execute) after the mixing of other chemical fertilizer, combined drill can be adopted to spread fertilizer over the fields], composite microbiological fertilizer consumption 10 kilograms every mu; This composite microbiological fertilizer bacteria containing amount > 10
9individual/gram, boron-containing quantity 50 gs/kg;
Application effect: investigation in 30 days, compare with Matrix controls, the rice straw decomposition rate of crop rotation improves 14.1%; Apply investigation in 180 days, content of soil available phosphor improves 12.3%, quick-acting Boron contents improves 6.7%, aerobic bacteria sum increases by 15.6%, acid phosphatase, sucrase are lived and urease activity improves 18.7%, 12.4% and 21.6% respectively, rape harvest phase sclerotium disease disease index declines 16.8%, and club root sickness rate declines 14.3%, volume increase 5.4%.
Embodiment 2[Peanut-Oil Rape crop rotation (drought-drought ring is done)]:
Can accelerate a method for rape sclerotium and crop material decomposition, it comprises the steps: simultaneously
1) first time uses and sprays type composite fungus agent:
Be 15 grams/acre by spraying type composite fungus agent consumption, and by spraying type composite fungus agent: water=15 gram: 15 liters, are made into and spray the type composite fungus agent aqueous solution, and this sprays type composite fungus agent bacteria containing amount > 10
11fungal spore/gram; While results rape, the type composite fungus agent aqueous solution is sprayed [at combine harvester or install small spraying device for administration of drugs on gathering and threshing mill to the rape straw in also field, threshing limit, limit sprays " spraying the type composite fungus agent aqueous solution " the rape straw going back field, or sprays " spraying the type composite fungus agent aqueous solution " with motor-driven or hand sprayer]; Spray " spraying the type composite fungus agent aqueous solution " and place 3-5 days afterwards, fungal spore by fast-germination, and can surely be grown effectively on rape stalk and rape sclerotium, thus reaches the object of decomposing rape stalk and rape sclerotium; Carry out peanut again and cultivate operation;
Application effect: investigation in 30 days, compares with not spraying compound decomposition microbial agent, and rape stalk decomposition rate improves 23.9%; Sclerotium decomposition rate improves 38.1%;
2) second time uses composite microbiological fertilizer (composite microbiological fertilizer described in Chinese patent ZL201010130961.6):
Before sowing rape, use composite microbiological fertilizer (ZL201010130961.6), composite microbiological fertilizer (ZL201010130961.6) can be used separately or use [when sowing rape together with (namely mixing with chemical fertilizer and namely execute) after the mixing of other chemical fertilizer, combined drill can be adopted to spread fertilizer over the fields or manually evenly spread fertilizer over the fields before sowing], composite microbiological fertilizer consumption 10 kilograms every mu; This composite microbiological fertilizer bacteria containing amount > 10
9individual/gram, boron-containing quantity 50 gs/kg;
Application effect: investigation in 30 days, compare with Matrix controls, the peanut straw decomposition rate of crop rotation improves 17.2%; Apply investigation in 180 days, content of soil available phosphor improves 11.5%, quick-acting Boron contents improves 6.6%, aerobic bacteria sum increases by 14.3%, acid phosphatase, sucrase are lived and urease activity improves 17.4%, 13.1% and 20.7% respectively, rape harvest phase sclerotium disease disease index declines 13.7%, and club root sickness rate declines 12.3%, volume increase 4.9%.
Embodiment 3[rape-Corn Rotation System (drought-drought ring is done)]:
Can accelerate a method for rape sclerotium and crop material decomposition, it comprises the steps: simultaneously
1) first time uses and sprays type composite fungus agent:
Be 15 grams/acre by spraying type composite fungus agent consumption, and by spraying type composite fungus agent: water=15 gram: 15 liters, are made into and spray the type composite fungus agent aqueous solution, and this sprays type composite fungus agent bacteria containing amount > 10
11fungal spore/gram; While results rape, the type composite fungus agent aqueous solution is sprayed [at combine harvester or install small spraying device for administration of drugs on gathering and threshing mill to the rape straw in also field, threshing limit, limit sprays " spraying the type composite fungus agent aqueous solution " the rape straw going back field, or sprays " spraying the type composite fungus agent aqueous solution " with motor-driven or hand sprayer]; Spray " spraying the type composite fungus agent aqueous solution " and place 3-5 days afterwards, fungal spore by fast-germination, and can surely be grown effectively on rape stalk and rape sclerotium, thus reaches the object of decomposing rape stalk and rape sclerotium; Carry out corn again and cultivate operation;
Application effect: investigation in 30 days, compares with not spraying compound decomposition microbial agent, and rape stalk decomposition rate improves 23.9%; Sclerotium decomposition rate improves 38.1%;
2) second time uses composite microbiological fertilizer (composite microbiological fertilizer described in Chinese patent ZL201010130961.6):
Before sowing rape, use composite microbiological fertilizer (ZL201010130961.6), composite microbiological fertilizer (ZL201010130961.6) can be used separately or use [when sowing rape together with (namely mixing with chemical fertilizer and namely execute) after the mixing of other chemical fertilizer, combined drill can be adopted to spread fertilizer over the fields or manually evenly spread fertilizer over the fields before sowing], composite microbiological fertilizer consumption 10 kilograms every mu; This composite microbiological fertilizer bacteria containing amount > 10
9individual/gram, boron-containing quantity 50 gs/kg;
Application effect: investigation in 30 days, compare with Matrix controls, the maize straw decomposition rate of crop rotation improves 15.3%; Apply investigation in 180 days, content of soil available phosphor improves 12.7%, quick-acting Boron contents improves 6.1%, aerobic bacteria sum increases by 16.7%, acid phosphatase, sucrase are lived and urease activity improves 17.8%, 11.5% and 22.3% respectively, rape harvest phase sclerotium disease disease index declines 10.5%, and club root sickness rate declines 12.7%, volume increase 3.7%.
Embodiment 4[rape-sesame crop rotation (drought-drought ring is done)]:
Can accelerate a method for rape sclerotium and crop material decomposition, it comprises the steps: simultaneously
1) first time uses and sprays type composite fungus agent:
Be 15 grams/acre by spraying type composite fungus agent consumption, and by spraying type composite fungus agent: water=15 gram: 15 liters, are made into and spray the type composite fungus agent aqueous solution, and this sprays type composite fungus agent bacteria containing amount > 10
11fungal spore/gram; While results rape, the type composite fungus agent aqueous solution is sprayed [at combine harvester or install small spraying device for administration of drugs on gathering and threshing mill to the rape straw in also field, threshing limit, limit sprays " spraying the type composite fungus agent aqueous solution " the rape straw going back field, or sprays " spraying the type composite fungus agent aqueous solution " with motor-driven or hand sprayer]; Spray " spraying the type composite fungus agent aqueous solution " and place 3-5 days afterwards, fungal spore by fast-germination, and can surely be grown effectively on rape stalk and rape sclerotium, thus reaches the object of decomposing rape stalk and rape sclerotium; Carry out sesame again and cultivate operation;
Application effect: investigation in 30 days, compares with not spraying compound decomposition microbial agent, and rape stalk decomposition rate improves 23.9%; Sclerotium decomposition rate improves 38.1%;
2) second time uses composite microbiological fertilizer (composite microbiological fertilizer described in Chinese patent ZL201010130961.6):
Before sowing rape, use composite microbiological fertilizer (ZL201010130961.6), composite microbiological fertilizer (ZL201010130961.6) can be used separately or use [when sowing rape together with (namely mixing with chemical fertilizer and namely execute) after the mixing of other chemical fertilizer, combined drill can be adopted to spread fertilizer over the fields or manually evenly spread fertilizer over the fields before sowing], composite microbiological fertilizer consumption 10 kilograms every mu; This composite microbiological fertilizer bacteria containing amount > 10
9individual/gram, boron-containing quantity 50 gs/kg;
Application effect: investigation in 30 days, compare with Matrix controls, the sesame straw decomposition rate of crop rotation improves 10.5%; Apply investigation in 180 days, content of soil available phosphor improves 11.6%, quick-acting Boron contents improves 5.3%, aerobic bacteria sum increases by 14.8%, acid phosphatase, sucrase are lived and urease activity improves 15.7%, 11.9% and 19.5% respectively, rape harvest phase sclerotium disease disease index declines 11.4%, and club root sickness rate declines 9.2%, volume increase 3.1%.
Claims (5)
1. can accelerate a method for rape sclerotium and crop material decomposition simultaneously, it is characterized in that it comprises the steps:
1) first time uses and sprays type composite fungus agent:
Be 15 grams/acre by spraying type composite fungus agent consumption, and by spraying type composite fungus agent: water=15 gram: 15 liters, are made into and spray the type composite fungus agent aqueous solution; While results rape, the type composite fungus agent aqueous solution is sprayed to the rape straw going back field; Rape straw places 3-5 days after spraying the type composite fungus agent aqueous solution;
2) second time uses composite microbiological fertilizer:
Before sowing rape, use composite microbiological fertilizer, composite microbiological fertilizer consumption 10 kilograms every mu.
2. a kind of method simultaneously can accelerating rape sclerotium and crop material decomposition according to claim 1; it is characterized in that; step 1) described in spray for: at combine harvester or install small spraying device for administration of drugs on gathering and threshing mill, the rape straw of threshing limit, limit to also field sprays the type composite fungus agent aqueous solution.
3. a kind of method simultaneously can accelerating rape sclerotium and crop material decomposition according to claim 1, is characterized in that, step 2) described in composite microbiological fertilizer mix by any proportioning with other chemical fertilizer after together with use.
4. a kind of method simultaneously can accelerating rape sclerotium and crop material decomposition according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described in spray type composite fungus agent preparation comprise the steps:
(1) preparation of trichoderma harziarum microbial inoculum:
1. inoculated fungi: be seeded in the enamel tray containing V8+S substratum by trichoderma harziarum thalline, covers clean double-layer sand cloth, 28 DEG C cultivate 5 days, then 35 DEG C air-dry 2 days;
First trichoderma harziarum is mixed with spore suspension, inoculum size is that per kilogram V8+S substratum adds 10 milliliters of spore suspensions, and every milliliter of spore amount is>=5 × 10
4individual;
2. be: Zulkovsky starch 85.0%, glucose 13.5%, white dyes 0.3%, fungal spore 1.2% choose Zulkovsky starch, glucose, white dyes and step 1. postvaccinal trichoderma harziarum fungal spore by weight percentage shared by each component; After fully mixing with dry fungal spore with Zulkovsky starch, glucose and white dyes, cross 100 eye mesh screens, 35 DEG C air-dry 1 day again, obtain trichoderma harziarum microbial inoculum;
(2) preparation of microorganism Aspergillus aculeatus microbial inoculum:
1. inoculated fungi: be seeded in the enamel tray containing V8+S substratum by microorganism Aspergillus aculeatus thalline, covers clean double-layer sand cloth, 28 DEG C cultivate 5 days, then 35 DEG C air-dry 2 days;
First microorganism Aspergillus aculeatus is mixed with spore suspension, inoculum size is that per kilogram V8+S substratum adds 10 milliliters of spore suspensions, and every milliliter of spore amount is>=5 × 10
4individual;
2. be: Zulkovsky starch 85.0%, glucose 13.5%, white dyes 0.3%, fungal spore 1.2% choose Zulkovsky starch, glucose, white dyes and step 1. postvaccinal microorganism Aspergillus aculeatus fungal spore by weight percentage shared by each component; After fully mixing with dry fungal spore with Zulkovsky starch, glucose and white dyes, cross 100 eye mesh screens, 35 DEG C air-dry 1 day again, obtain microorganism Aspergillus aculeatus microbial inoculum;
(3) by trichoderma harziarum microbial inoculum: the mass ratio of microorganism Aspergillus aculeatus microbial inoculum is 1 ~ 2:1, by trichoderma harziarum microbial inoculum and microorganism Aspergillus aculeatus microbial inoculum mixing pack, obtain spraying type composite fungus agent.
5. a kind of method simultaneously can accelerating rape sclerotium and crop material decomposition according to claim 4, is characterized in that, the preparation of described V8+S substratum:
1) by weight percentage shared by each component: potato 30%, tomato 20%, Radix Dauci Sativae 10%, onion 10%, green pepper 10%, celery 5%, spinach 5%, garlic 5%, sucrose 5%, potato, tomato, Radix Dauci Sativae, onion, green pepper, celery, spinach, garlic and sucrose is chosen;
2) potato, tomato, Radix Dauci Sativae, onion, green pepper, celery, spinach, garlic are cut into small pieces respectively, and mix, pulverize, add sucrose and mix, obtaining V8+S substratum.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201410584279.2A CN104387131B (en) | 2014-10-27 | 2014-10-27 | A kind of can accelerate Brassica campestris L sclerotium and the method for crop material decomposition simultaneously |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201410584279.2A CN104387131B (en) | 2014-10-27 | 2014-10-27 | A kind of can accelerate Brassica campestris L sclerotium and the method for crop material decomposition simultaneously |
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| CN104387131B CN104387131B (en) | 2016-08-31 |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106508415A (en) * | 2016-12-29 | 2017-03-22 | 四川省农业科学院植物保护研究所 | Crop rotation cultivation method for efficiently preventing oilseed rape clubroot |
| CN106879273A (en) * | 2017-02-23 | 2017-06-23 | 四川省农业科学院植物保护研究所 | A kind of farmland processing method for preventing and treating clubroot for being suitable to mechanization treatment |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN1309821C (en) * | 2002-12-13 | 2007-04-11 | 杨谦 | Use of microbial pool mainly of trichoderma in straw degradation |
| CN101491180B (en) * | 2009-03-05 | 2011-09-28 | 南京农业大学 | Rice-wheat combined multifunctional one-piece device of harvesting, ditching, covering grass and spraying |
| CN101891509B (en) * | 2010-03-22 | 2012-06-20 | 中国农业科学院油料作物研究所 | Compound microbial fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106508415A (en) * | 2016-12-29 | 2017-03-22 | 四川省农业科学院植物保护研究所 | Crop rotation cultivation method for efficiently preventing oilseed rape clubroot |
| CN106879273A (en) * | 2017-02-23 | 2017-06-23 | 四川省农业科学院植物保护研究所 | A kind of farmland processing method for preventing and treating clubroot for being suitable to mechanization treatment |
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| CN104387131B (en) | 2016-08-31 |
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