CN104383296B - 一种用于治疗干眼症的中药组合物及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种用于治疗干眼症的中药组合物及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种用于治疗干眼症的中药组合物,它是由以下重量配比的物质组成:生地黄10-20份,当归5-15份,枸杞子10-20份,沙参15-25份,白芍5-15份,石斛10-20份,黄精15-25份,牡丹皮5-15份,菊花5-15份,黄芪15-25份和甘草3-9份。本发明的目的是提供一种安全有效治愈干眼症的中药组合物,另一目的是提供上述中药的制备方法,该方法操作简单,易于实施,能有效提取且最大保留了中草药中的活性成份。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及药品、保健品领域,具体涉及一种用于治疗干眼症的中药组合物及其制备方法。
背景技术
干眼症,又称角结膜干燥或泪液功能不全综合征,是指泪液质和量异常或动力学异常导致的泪膜稳定性下降,并伴有眼部不适,导致眼表组织病变为特征的疾病总称,是目前最常见的眼科疾病之一。该病以中老年人多见,并严重影响患者的生活质量。随着人类生活节奏的加快,气候干燥、空气污染、人口老龄化等问题日益严重,高科技产品的普及和隐形眼镜的广泛应用,干眼症的发病率在眼科门诊的患病人群中逐年上升,并有逐渐年轻化的趋势。
现代医学认为足够质量的泪液、正常成分的泪膜和规则的眨眼是构成湿润眼表的先决条件,从而维持正常的视觉功能,使眼表免于干燥。泪膜和眼表组织构成了一个复杂和稳定的系统,如果被眼表炎症、性激素失衡和神经机能障碍等多种因素破坏将导致干眼症的发生。现代医学治疗方法较多,主要采用人工泪液、抗炎及免疫制剂等,局部治疗的方法虽能在一定程度上减轻患者的主观症状,但是作用时间不长,一旦停药容易复发,很难从根本上解决问题。有些人工泪液因含防腐剂、稳定剂和其他添加剂,患者长期使用会造成眼表的损害。
干眼症的治疗目前多采用局部治疗的方法,而局部治疗作用时间短,很难从根本上解决问题,又局部用药中常含有防腐剂等添加剂,长期使用会造成眼表的损害。不利于疾病控制。
祖国医学认为,干眼症病机关键在肝肾不足、津液亏虚、目窍失养。《素问·宣明五气论》曰:“五脏化液,肝为泪”。泪由肝精肝血所化,肝开窍于目,泪从目出,泪液的生成与排泄与肝脏有密切关系。《素问·逆调论》曰:“肾者水藏,主津液”。肾主水,肾脏对体内水液的代谢与分布起着重要作用。外感疫邪停留或余邪未尽,日久伤阴耗血,致肝血不足,肾精亏虚,目失濡养;劳瞻竭视、过虑多思、房劳太过均可致肝肾亏虚,精血暗耗,目失濡泽;或劳作太过,体虚气衰,气机衰惫,肝肾之阴精亏虚,不能敷布精微,充泽五脏,上荣于目而致目失濡养。故本病治宜滋补肝肾,生津明目。
生地黄:味甘 、苦,性寒 ,入心经、肝经、肾经,具有清热凉血,养阴生津的作用,主要用于热入营血,舌绛烦渴,斑疹吐衄,阴虚内热,骨蒸劳热,津伤口渴,内热消渴,肠燥便秘等症。
当归:味甘 、辛,性温 ,入肝经、心经、脾经,有补血调经,活血止痛,润肠通便的功效,应用于血虚诸证,血虚血瘀,月经不调,经闭,痛经,虚寒性腹痛,跌打损伤,痈疽疮疡,风寒痹痛,血虚肠燥便秘等症。
枸杞子:味甘,性平,归肝经、肾经,具有滋补肝肾,益精明目的作用,用于精血不足所致的视力减退,内障目昏,头晕目眩,腰膝酸软,遗精滑泄,耳聋,牙齿松动,须发早白,失眠多梦,以及肝肾阴虚,潮热盗汗,消渴等症。枸杞子对免疫有促进作用,并具有免疫调节作用,还具有抗衰老、抗突变、抗肿瘤、降血脂、保肝及抗脂肪肝、降血糖、降血压作用。
沙参:味甘,性微寒,入肺经、胃经,有养阴清肺,益胃生津,补气,化痰的功效,主要用于阴虚肺燥有热之干痰少,咳血或咽干喑哑等症,亦用于胃阴虚有热之口燥咽干,大便秘结,舌红少津及饥不欲食,呕吐等症。
白芍:味苦 、酸,性微寒 ,归肝经、脾经,有养血敛阴,柔肝止痛,平肝抑扬的作用,应用于肝血亏虚,月经不调,肝脾不和,胸胁脘腹疼痛,四肢拘挛疼痛,肝阳上亢,头痛眩晕等症。
石斛:味甘,性微寒,入胃经、肾经,具有益胃生津,滋阴清热的作用,主治热病伤津,烦渴,舌干苔黑之证,亦适用于肾阴亏虚之目睛不明,筋骨萎软及阴虚火旺,骨蒸劳热等症。石斛有一定镇痛解热作用,石斛水煎对晶状体中的异化变化有阻止及纠正作用,对半乳糖性白内障不仅有延缓作用,而且有一定的治疗作用。
黄精:味甘,性平,归脾经、肺经、肾经,有补气养阴,健脾,润肺,益肾之功效,主要用于阴虚肺燥,干嗽少痰,肺肾阴虚,劳嗽久咳等症,主治脾胃气虚,倦怠乏力,食欲不振,亦用于肾经亏虚,内热消渴等症。黄精能提高机体免疫功能和促进DNA、RNA及蛋白质的合成,有增加冠脉流量及降压作用,并能降血脂及减轻冠状动脉粥样硬化程度,对肾上腺素引起的血糖过高呈显著抑制作用,对多种致病性真菌以及伤寒杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌也有抑制作用。
牡丹皮:味 、辛,性微寒 ,入心经、肝经、肾经,具有清热凉血,活血祛痰作用,应用于温毒发斑,血热吐衄 ,温病伤阴,阴虚发热,夜热早凉,无汗骨蒸,血滞经闭,痛经,跌打伤痛,痈肿疮毒等症。
菊花:味辛、甘、苦,性微寒 ,归肺经、肝经,有疏散风热,平抑肝阳,清肝明目,清热解毒之功,常治风热感冒,或温病初起,温邪犯肺,发热,头痛,咳嗽等症,亦治肝阳眩晕,肝风实证,肝经风热或肝阳上攻所致目赤昏花,亦应用于疮痈肿毒。菊花降压、缩短凝血时间、解热、抗炎、镇惊作用,对金黄色葡萄球菌、多种致病性杆菌及皮肤真菌均有一定抗菌作用。
黄芪:味甘,性温,入脾、肺经,有补益脾土,升举阳气、固表止汗,托疮生肌等功效,主要用于脾肺气虚所致之乏力食少便溏,心悸气短,中气下陷之脏器下垂,气不摄血之崩漏便血,久泻脱肛;表虚不固之自汗盗汗,气血不足等症,黄芪使心脏收缩能力增强,能改善全身的血液循环,能扩张冠状动脉、肾血管及拳参末梢血管、使皮肤血液循环旺盛;能提高机体的非特异免疫力,有保肝和降低血糖的作用,对葡萄球菌、血溶性链球菌、肺炎双球菌、痢疾杆菌等有抑制作用。
甘草:味甘,性平,归心经、肺经、脾经、胃经,具有补脾益气,祛痰止咳,缓急止痛,清热解毒,调和诸药的作用,主治伤寒耗伤心气之心悸,脉结代,脾气虚,咳喘,脘腹、四肢孪急疼痛,热毒疮疡,咽喉肿痛,药食中毒等症,亦能调和诸药。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种安全有效治愈干眼症的中药组合物。
本发明的另一目的是提供上述中药的制备方法,该方法操作简单,易于实施,能有效提取且最大保留了中草药中的活性成份。
为了达到上述目的,本发明有如下技术方案:
本发明的一种用于治疗干眼症的中药组合物,它是由以下重量配比的物质组成:生地黄10-20份,当归5-15份,枸杞子10-20份,沙参15-25份,白芍5-15份,石斛10-20份,黄精15-25份,牡丹皮5-15份,菊花5-15份,黄芪15-25份和甘草3-9份。
进一步地,包括生地黄15份,当归10份,枸杞子15份,沙参20份,白芍10份,石斛15份,黄精20份,牡丹皮10份,菊花10份,黄芪20份和甘草6份。
一种用于治疗干眼症的中药组合物的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
1)将生地黄、当归、枸杞子、沙参、白芍、石斛、黄精、牡丹皮、菊花、黄芪和甘草,分别粉碎成粗粉,按照上述重量份混合,加水煎煮两次,第一次加10倍量水,煎煮两小时,滤过;第二次加8倍量水,煎煮两小时,滤过;合并滤液,减压浓缩除去水,获得干膏,粉碎成细粉;
2)将所得细粉和灭菌冷开水按质量配比2:1比例连续均匀喷洒加入搅拌混合机中混合均匀,形成半湿润状具有一定粘性的混合物;
3)以上所得混合物经炼药机器挤、压、搓更加均匀混合,并经炼药机器压板、螺旋推进器挤压混合物料,并经顺条装置切制成粒状小丸,进一步搓、挤形成均匀一致,软硬适宜,密度适宜的球状小丸;
4)将所得球状小丸置于干燥箱中烘干,温度控制在40℃~50℃,使其含水量不超过8%,即可。
进一步地,可以在步骤2)得的活性组分与药特制剂常用辅料混合,制备成泡腾片或颗粒剂。
由于采取了以上技术方案,本发明的有益效果:
干眼症以眼部干涩、有异物感、烧灼感、瘙痒、畏光、视物模糊、视疲劳为主要临床表现。由于患病部位的特殊性,故干眼症给患者日常生活带来了较大不便。在治疗干眼症的过程中,以补养肝肾为主,使肝气调和,肝血、肾精充足,则泪液生化有源。故本发明提供了一种治疗干眼症的中药组合物,众多药物通过配伍共同发挥作用,该中药组合物又可以根据干眼症患者的个体差异、病程等加减用量,在改善患者主观症状及增加泪液分泌等方面具有较好的疗效。中药丸剂,尤其是水丸,作用缓和持久,可掩盖药物不良气味,又节省药材,便于服用与携带,工艺条件要求不苛刻,适用于多种疾病。
具体实施方式
以下通过具体实施方式的描述对本发明作进一步说明,但这并非是对本发明的限制,本领域技术人员根据本发明的基本思想,可以做出各种修改或改进,但是只要不脱离本发明的基本思想,均在本发明的范围之内。
实施例1
生地黄15g、当归10g、枸杞子15g、沙参20g、白芍10g、石斛15g、黄精20g、牡丹皮10g、菊花10g、黄芪20g和甘草6g分别粉碎成粗粉,混合,加水煎煮两次,第一次加10倍量水,煎煮两小时,滤过;第二次加8倍量水,煎煮两小时,滤过;合并滤液,减压浓缩除去水,获得干膏,粉碎成细粉,将所得细粉和灭菌冷开水按质量配比2:1比例连续均匀喷洒加入搅拌混合机中混合均匀,形成半湿润状具有一定粘性的混合物,再将所得混合物经炼药机器挤、压、搓更加均匀混合,并经炼药机器压板、螺旋推进器挤压混合物料,并经顺条装置切制成粒状,进一步搓、挤形成均匀一致,软硬适宜,密度适宜的球状小丸,将所得球状小丸置于干燥箱中烘干,温度控制在40℃~50℃,使其含水量不超过8%,即可。
实施例2
生地黄10g、当归5g、枸杞子10g、沙参15g、白芍5g、石斛10g、黄精15g、牡丹皮5g、菊花5g、黄芪15g和甘草3g分别粉碎成粗粉,混合,加水煎煮两次,第一次加10倍量水,煎煮两小时,滤过;第二次加8倍量水,煎煮两小时,滤过;合并滤液,减压浓缩除去水,获得干膏,粉碎成细粉,将所得细粉和灭菌冷开水按质量配比2:1比例连续均匀喷洒加入搅拌混合机中混合均匀,形成半湿润状具有一定粘性的混合物,再将所得混合物经炼药机器挤、压、搓更加均匀混合,并经炼药机器压板、螺旋推进器挤压混合物料,并经顺条装置切制成粒状,进一步搓、挤形成均匀一致,软硬适宜,密度适宜的球状小丸,将所得球状小丸置于干燥箱中烘干,温度控制在40℃~50℃,使其含水量不超过8%,即可。
实施例3
生地黄20g、当归15g、枸杞子20g、沙参25g、白芍15g、石斛20g、黄精25g、牡丹皮15g、菊花15g、黄芪25g和甘草9g分别粉碎成粗粉,混合,加水煎煮两次,第一次加10倍量水,煎煮两小时,滤过;第二次加8倍量水,煎煮两小时,滤过;合并滤液,减压浓缩除去水,获得干膏,粉碎成细粉,将所得细粉和灭菌冷开水按质量配比2:1比例连续均匀喷洒加入搅拌混合机中混合均匀,形成半湿润状具有一定粘性的混合物,再将所得混合物经炼药机器挤、压、搓更加均匀混合,并经炼药机器压板、螺旋推进器挤压混合物料,并经顺条装置切制成粒状,进一步搓、挤形成均匀一致,软硬适宜,密度适宜的球状小丸,将所得球状小丸置于干燥箱中烘干,温度控制在40℃~50℃,使其含水量不超过8%,即可。
临床实验例1
患者来自于2009年12月至2014年2月,共180例,其中,男67例、女113例;年龄19~72岁之间,病程2月~3年。共为三组,分别为治疗组60例,对照1组60例和对照2组60例。
诊断标准参照国家中医药管理局颁布的《中医病症诊断疗效标准》。临床表现为眼睛干涩、磨痛、畏光,可伴有口鼻干燥;目珠干燥失却莹润光泽,白睛微红,黑睛生翳,眵多黏稠;泪液分泌试验,多次Schirmer法少于10min/5min角膜荧光素染色试验阳性。中医诊断根据上述临床表现及兼有头晕耳鸣、盗汗、口干、腰膝酸软、舌红少苔、脉细数,辩为肝肾阴虚型干眼症。
治疗方法
治疗组:内服养阴润目丸,方剂组成为:生地黄、当归、枸杞子、沙参、白芍、石斛、黄精、牡丹皮、菊花、黄芪和甘草。10g/次,2次/日,30日为1个疗程。
对照1组:羟糖甘滴眼液(泪然滴眼液)点眼,1~2滴/次,3次/日,30日为1个疗程。
对照2组:内服杞菊地黄丸,方剂组成为:熟地、山萸肉、丹皮、泽泻、山药、茯苓、枸杞、菊花。10g/次,2次/日,30日为1个疗程。
疗效判定:
治愈 :症状消失,角膜染色消退,Schirmer试验多次测定大于10min/5min ;好转 :症状体征部分改善,角膜染色减少,Schirmer试验多次测定泪液分泌量有所增加;未愈 :诊疗前后无变化。
结果
经过1个疗程或30天后,三组疗效见表1。
表1临床疗效比较
组别 | 例数 | 治愈 | 好转 | 未愈 | 治愈率(%) | 总有效率(%) |
治疗组 | 60 | 10 | 39 | 11 | 16.67 | 81.67 |
对照1组 | 60 | 4 | 29 | 27 | 6.67 | 55.00 |
对照2组 | 60 | 7 | 34 | 19 | 11.67 | 68.33 |
从表1可以看出,采用本发明的中药组合物在治疗干眼症方面具有显著的疗效。
显然,本发明的上述实施例仅仅是为清楚地说明本发明所作的举例,而并非是对本发明的实施方式的限定。对于所属领域的普通技术人员来说,在上述说明的基础上还可以做出其它不同形式的变化或变动。这里无法对所有的实施方式予以穷举。凡是属于本发明的技术方案所引伸出的显而易见的变化或变动仍处于本发明的保护范围之列。
Claims (4)
1.一种用于治疗肝肾阴虚型干眼症的中药组合物,其特征在于,它是由以下重量配比的物质组成:生地黄10-20份,当归5-15份,枸杞子10-20份,沙参15-25份,白芍5-15份,石斛10-20份,黄精15-25份,牡丹皮5-15份,菊花5-15份,黄芪15-25份和甘草3-9份。
2.如权利要求1所述的一种用于治疗肝肾阴虚型干眼症的中药组合物,其特征在于,生地黄15份,当归10份,枸杞子15份,沙参20份,白芍10份,石斛15份,黄精20份,牡丹皮10份,菊花10份,黄芪20份和甘草6份。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的一种用于治疗肝肾阴虚型干眼症的中药组合物的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
1)将生地黄、当归、枸杞子、沙参、白芍、石斛、黄精、牡丹皮、菊花、黄芪和甘草,分别粉碎成粗粉,按照上述重量份混合,加水煎煮两次,第一次加10倍量水,煎煮两小时,滤过;第二次加8倍量水,煎煮两小时,滤过;合并滤液,减压浓缩除去水,获得干膏,粉碎成细粉;
2)将所得细粉和灭菌冷开水按质量配比2:1比例连续均匀喷洒加入搅拌混合机中混合均匀,形成半湿润状具有一定粘性的混合物;
3)以上所得混合物经炼药机器挤、压、搓更加均匀混合,并经炼药机器压板、螺旋推进器挤压混合物料,并经顺条装置切制成粒状小丸,进一步搓、挤形成均匀一致,软硬适宜,密度适宜的球状小丸;
4)将所得球状小丸置于干燥箱中烘干,温度控制在40℃~50℃,使其含水量不超过8%,即可。
4.如权利要求3所述的一种用于治疗肝肾阴虚型干眼症的中药组合物的制备方法,其特征在于,将步骤2)获得的混合物与药物制剂常用辅料混合,制备成泡腾片或颗粒剂。
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