CN104305207B - 一种中药复合酵素的配方及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种中药复合酵素的配方及其制备方法,该配方按照重量份的原料包括:复合分解酵素1-5份、纳豆10-50份、人参萃取物10-50份、黄芪萃取物50-100份、苦瓜20-70份、沙棘50-120份、樱桃50-120份、草莓50-120份、荔枝50-120份、木瓜50-120份、秋葵50-120份。称取新鲜、饱满、无质变、6-7分熟的沙棘、苦瓜、樱桃、草莓、荔枝、木瓜、秋葵,洗净灭菌、去皮去核、切成小块,放入发酵罐内;在发酵罐中加入纳豆、人参萃取物、黄芪萃取物、复合分解酵素,加入纯水与蜂蜜;发酵罐发酵7-14天后;将发酵液过滤,将滤液再次过滤,二次过滤后得到中药复合酵素。本发明操作简便,能保留各种组分的有效成分,适合2型糖尿病患者日常饮用,辅助改善血糖,易于大规模生产。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种中药,具体是一种中药复合酵素的配方及其制备方法。
背景技术
酵素就是酶,是一种由氨基酸组成的具有特殊生物活性的物质,它存在于所有活的动植物体内,是维持机体正常功能,消化食物,修复组织等生命活动的一种必需物质。
在生物体中,酵素协助生物体分解各种物质,进行新陈代谢。无论动物植物,只要有生命在就一定会有酵素的存在。生物体内物质的合成、分解、运输、排出、以及提供能量、维持最基本的生命活动都与酵素有着密切关联。如果没有酵素的存在,生物就不能成活,身体中酵素的多寡与其运作情形,与生命体的青春、健康、疾病、老化息息相关。人体内酵素储存量和能量成正比,人体内酵素越多,种类越丰富、越完整,人的抗病能力就越强,其生命就越健康。
正常情况下,人体内的酵素是足够维持生命代谢平衡的。但是在一些异常的生活方式下,比如摄入的营养过于丰富,就会导致酵素相对不足;长时间的缺少运动或置于强辐射下,会导致酵素的活性下降。酵素的相对或绝对不足,就不能促进体内相应的化学变化将多余的营养成分或代谢垃圾排除体外,这可能是现代人疾病多发的根本原因。
而2型糖尿病的产生,很有可能是由于人体内环境改变,引起机体的免疫损伤,空腔脏器的黏膜屏障受损,导致溶菌酶及吞噬细胞异常活跃,细胞线粒体结构异常,致使能量利用异常,器官、组织、细胞等糖利用出现异常,最终导致糖尿病。
当血液中的葡萄糖与胰岛素结合,变成能量因子后,再通过细胞中的线粒体成分转化,才能被脏器的每个细胞吸收利用。线粒体是真核生物进行氧化代谢的部位,是糖类、脂肪和氨基酸最终氧化释放能量的场所。这个过程离不开单胺氧化酶、腺苷酸激酶、细胞色素氧化酶、还原型辅酶Ⅰ和乙酰辅酶A、NADH-泛醌还原酶等各种酶的参与。因此活性酶对于改善粘膜免疫以及修复线粒体功能,具有非常重要价值,对于防治2型糖尿病有很重要作用。
酶的种类很多,大约有5000多种。按照其来源可分为天然食物酶、身体内消化酶、新陈代谢酶、含酶食品;其中可以通过食用补充的酵素达2000多种。
所以在维持良好的工作生活方式的同时,适当的针对性摄入补充酵素,对人体改善症状,防治疾病都有巨大的帮助。目前,在欧美地区、日本和我国台湾地区,酵素养生运用非常广泛,是老百姓日常生活的重要组成部分。他们的方式除了新鲜水果蔬菜外,酵素食品也是较多选择之一。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种中药复合酵素的配方及其制备方法。本发明以多种中药及新鲜水果经发酵而成,能最大限度地保留其中的营养成分,并能有效改善人体菌群失调,调整消化道G细胞和S细胞比例,改善胰岛素分泌,从而起到改善2型糖尿病患者血糖、改善其生活质量的效果,以解决上述背景技术中提出的问题。
为实现上述目的,本发明提供如下技术方案:
一种中药复合酵素的配方,按照重量份的原料包括:复合分解酵素1-5份、纳豆10-50份、人参萃取物10-50份、黄芪萃取物50-100份、苦瓜20-70份、沙棘50-120份、樱桃50-120份、草莓50-120份、荔枝50-120份、木瓜50-120份、秋葵50-120份。
作为本发明进一步的方案:所述中药复合酵素的配方,按照重量份的原料包括:复合分解酵素1-3份、纳豆30-50份、人参萃取物10-30份、黄芪萃取物50-70份、苦瓜10-30份、沙棘90-120份、樱桃90-120份、草莓90-120份、荔枝90-120份、木瓜90-120份、秋葵90-120份。
作为本发明进一步的方案:所述中药复合酵素的配方,按照重量份的原料包括:复合分解酵素1份、纳豆30份、人参萃取物10份、黄芪萃取物60份、苦瓜30份、沙棘100份、樱桃100份、草莓100份、荔枝100份、木瓜100份、秋葵100份。
作为本发明进一步的方案:复合分解酵素为反复培养后的酵素原液,包括脂解酵素、蛋白酵素、植物超氧化酶、纤维蛋白分解酵素、淀粉酵素与多肽分解酵素。
所述中药复合酵素的制备方法,具体步骤包括:
1)称取新鲜、饱满、无质变、6-7分熟的沙棘、苦瓜、樱桃、草莓、荔枝、木瓜、秋葵,洗净灭菌后,在洁净条件下去皮去核,切成小块,放入发酵罐内;
2)在发酵罐中加入纳豆、人参萃取物、黄芪萃取物、复合分解酵素,再加入纯水且纯水没过原料,加入蜂蜜,蜂蜜加入量是纯水质量的20-50%,容器内不可装满,预留1/3空间;
3)将发酵罐置于30-35℃下发酵7-14天;
4)发酵结束,将发酵液过滤,过滤筛目数为20-32目,收集滤液;滤液再次过滤,过滤筛目数为80-100目,二次过滤后所得滤液即为中药复合酵素。
本发明中各原料药理:
纳豆不仅能减缓小肠对糖份的吸收,而且还能防止食后血糖迅速上升。纳豆中含有氨基酸诱导体的有效成份能使小肠中的α-葡萄糖苷酶的活力下降,从而使人体食入的淀粉和蔗糖由消化酶生成的单糖减少,所以只能吸收单糖的小肠无法快速吸收糖份,从而起到防治尿病的作用。人参能增加大脑对葡萄糖的摄取,同时减少乳酸、丙酮酸和乳酸/丙酮酸的比值,并可使葡萄糖的利用从无氧代谢途径转变为有氧代谢,增加机体对葡萄糖的利用度。沙棘中富含100多种人体生命所需活性物质和营养物质,能影响机体糖代谢水平,明显缓解症状,同时可以改善血液中血脂TC、TG、LDL—C、HDLmC的含量及比例,增强机体免疫能力,从而减少糖尿病并发症的发生。黄芪含多糖、黄酮、甙等多种化学成分,同时富含钙、镁、磷、铁及Sc、cr等常量及微量元素。对糖尿病从血糖、胰岛素的释放,免疫功能的调节,并发症的治疗等诸多方面起到协同的治疗作用。苦瓜可刺激活性β细胞分泌胰岛素、类胰岛素,促进肝糖元合成、激活胰岛β细胞、增加胰岛素的释放、增加肌肉GLUT4转运蛋白含量和肝脏与肌肉中葡萄糖的利用,降低肝糖酶如己糖激酶、葡萄糖激酶、磷酸果糖激酶和基底葡萄糖-6-磷酸酶的活性,抑制小肠上皮刷状边缘葡萄糖,进而降低血糖浓度,且降糖作用缓慢持久、毒副作用小。秋葵含有高量的粘液,粘液中含有丰富的可溶性膳食纤维,如果胶、阿拉伯胶、羧甲基纤维素等,可阻止肠道碳水化合物的消化,进而降低葡萄糖的吸收,推测可降低饭后血糖。黄秋葵籽含有约大量人体所需的必需胺基酸和不饱和脂肪酸,研究证实秋葵籽及荚皮均有抑制α-glucosidasec和α-amylase的能力,可延缓碳水化合物的消化,帮助饭后血糖的控制。樱桃全身皆可入药,鲜果具有发汗、益气、祛风、透疹的功效,适用于四肢麻木和风湿性腰腿病的食疗。樱桃性热,味甘,具有益气、健脾、和胃、祛风湿的功效。草莓性味甘、凉,入脾、胃、肺经,有润肺生津,健脾和胃,利尿消肿,解热祛暑之功,适用于肺热咳嗽,食欲不振,小便短少,暑热烦渴等。草莓中丰富的维生素C除了可以预防坏血病以外,对动脉硬化、冠心病、心绞痛、脑溢血、高血压、高血脂等,都有积极的预防作用。草莓中含有的果胶及纤维素,可促进胃肠蠕动,改善便秘,预防痔疮、肠癌的发生。草莓中含有的胺类物质,对白血病,再生障碍性贫血有一定疗效。荔枝味甘、酸、性温,入心、脾、肝经;果肉具有补脾益肝、理气补血、温中止痛、补心安神的功效;核具有理气、散结、止痛的功效;可止呃逆,止腹泻,是顽固性呃逆及五更泻者的食疗佳品,同时有补脑健身,开胃益脾,有促进食欲之功效。木瓜用于风湿痹痛、筋脉拘挛、脚气肿痛。木瓜有较好的舒筋活络作用,且能化湿,为治风湿痹痛所常用,筋脉拘挛者尤为要药。木瓜还用于吐泻转筋。
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果是:本发明操作简便,能较大程度保留各种组分的有效成分,口感清新,能改善患者血糖和糖化血红蛋白,适合2型糖尿病患者日常饮用,可以起到辅助改善血糖的功能,易于大规模生产。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例1
本发明实施例中,称取新鲜、饱满、无质变的苦瓜180g、沙棘600g、樱桃600g、草莓600g、荔枝600g、木瓜600g、秋葵600g,洗净后,在洁净条件下去皮去核,切成小块,放入发酵罐内。在发酵罐内加入纳豆180g、人参萃取物60g、黄芪萃取物360g、复合分解酵素60g,加入4L纯水,1kg蜂蜜,设置发酵温度32℃,发酵10天后,将发酵液过24目筛,再过80目筛,所得滤液40℃以下保存,即得本发明。
实施例2
本发明实施例中,一种中药复合酵素,称取新鲜、饱满、无质变的苦瓜120g、沙棘300g、樱桃300g、草莓300g、荔枝300g、木瓜300g、秋葵300g,洗净后,在洁净条件下去皮去核,切成小块,放入发酵罐内。在发酵罐内加入复合分解酵素18g、纳豆60g、人参萃取物180g、黄芪萃取物150g,加入3L纯水,0.6kg蜂蜜,设置发酵温度30℃,发酵14天后,将发酵液过20目筛,再过80目筛,所得滤液40℃以下保存,即得本发明。
实施例3
本发明实施例中,一种中药复合酵素,称取新鲜、饱满、无质变的苦瓜420g、沙棘720g、樱桃720g、草莓720g、荔枝720g、木瓜720g、秋葵720g,洗净后,在洁净条件下去皮去核,切成小块,放入发酵罐内。在发酵罐内加入复合分解酵素30g、纳豆300g、人参萃取物300g、黄芪萃取物600g,加入8L纯水,4kg蜂蜜,设置发酵温度35℃,发酵7天后,将发酵液过32目筛,再过100目筛,所得滤液40℃以下保存,即得本发明。
临床数据分析:
本组病例共60例,全部来源于上海世道中医门诊部。将60例2型糖尿病患者随机分为治疗组和对照组。治疗组30例,其中男19例,女11例,平均年龄45.25±7.36岁,平均病程2.26±1.13年;对照组30例,其中男17例,女13例,平均年龄44.79±9.35岁,平均病程2.56±1.39年。两组病例的性别、年龄、病程分布比较,经统计学处理差异无显著性(P>0.05)具有可比性。
糖尿病诊断标准:按照1999年WHO糖尿病专家咨询委员会正式公布的糖尿病诊断标准,凡具有糖尿病症状(有多尿、烦渴及无法用其他理由解释的体重减轻),并符合下列条件之一者,即可诊断为糖尿病。(1)空腹血糖(FPG)≥7.0mmol/L(126mg/dl);(2)随机血糖≥11.1mmol/L(200mg/dl);(3)口服糖耐量试验(OGTT,75g葡萄糖)中2小时血糖≥11.1mmol/L(200mg/dl)。
治疗组分为三组,分别按上述实施例1-3所述方法制得三种中药复合酵素,每次取20ml,温水冲服,每日1~3次,饭前服用;对照组给予拜糖平50mg,每日3次,餐时口服。疗程12周。治疗期间,治疗组及对照组均不再使用任何具有降糖作用的中西药物。两组自观察之日起,保持既往饮食及生活习惯不变。
治疗前后分别检测空腹血糖(FPG)、2餐后2小时血糖(P2hPG)、糖基化血红蛋白(HbA1C)。
统计方法采用统计软件SPSSll.0进行统计分析。计量资料均采用x±s方法记录,计量资料治疗前后及组间对照采用t检验;等级资料治疗前后对照采用非参数检验中的Ridit检验,两组治疗有效率采用卡方检验。
表1治疗组、对照组治疗前后FPG、P2hPG、HbA1C比较(X±S)
上表数据显示:治疗组在治疗后空腹血糖、餐后2小时血糖及糖化血红蛋白均比治疗前有所改善,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。
治疗组显效7例(23.33%),有效12例(40.00%),无效11例(36.67%),总有效率63.33%。上述实验结果表明,应用本发明中制备方法制备的中药复合酵素能改善患者血糖和糖化血红蛋白,适合2型糖尿病患者日常饮用,可以起到辅助改善血糖的功能。
对于本领域技术人员而言,显然本发明不限于上述示范性实施例的细节,而且在不背离本发明的精神或基本特征的情况下,能够以其他的具体形式实现本发明。因此,无论从哪一点来看,均应将实施例看作是示范性的,而且是非限制性的,本发明的范围由所附权利要求而不是上述说明限定,因此旨在将落在权利要求的等同要件的含义和范围内的所有变化囊括在本发明内。
此外,应当理解,虽然本说明书按照实施方式加以描述,但并非每个实施方式仅包含一个独立的技术方案,说明书的这种叙述方式仅仅是为清楚起见,本领域技术人员应当将说明书作为一个整体,各实施例中的技术方案也可以经适当组合,形成本领域技术人员可以理解的其他实施方式。
Claims (2)
1.一种中药复合酵素,其特征在于,按照重量份的原料包括:复合分解酵素1-5份、纳豆10-50份、人参萃取物10-50份、黄芪萃取物50-100份、苦瓜20-70份、沙棘50-120份、樱桃50-120份、草莓50-120份、荔枝50-120份、木瓜50-120份、秋葵50-120份,所述复合分解酵素为反复培养后的酵素原液,包括脂解酵素、蛋白酵素、植物超氧化酶、纤维蛋白分解酵素、淀粉酵素与多肽分解酵素;
具体步骤包括:
1)称取新鲜、饱满、无质变、6-7分熟的沙棘、苦瓜、樱桃、草莓、荔枝、木瓜、秋葵,洗净灭菌后,去皮去核,切成小块,放入发酵罐内;
2)在发酵罐中加入纳豆、人参萃取物、黄芪萃取物、复合分解酵素,再加入纯水且纯水没过原料,加入蜂蜜,蜂蜜加入量是纯水质量的20-50%,容器内预留1/3空间;
3)将发酵罐置于30-35℃下发酵7-14天;
4)发酵结束,将发酵液过滤,过滤筛目数为20-32目,收集滤液;滤液再次过滤,过滤筛目数为80-100目,二次过滤后所得滤液即为中药复合酵素。
2.根据权利要1所述的中药复合酵素,其特征在于,按照重量份的原料包括:复合分解酵素1份、纳豆30份、人参萃取物10份、黄芪萃取物60份、苦瓜30份、沙棘100份、樱桃100份、草莓100份、荔枝100份、木瓜100份、秋葵100份。
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