CN104255308A - Method for grafting other species on stiff branch of tree - Google Patents
Method for grafting other species on stiff branch of tree Download PDFInfo
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- CN104255308A CN104255308A CN201410451045.0A CN201410451045A CN104255308A CN 104255308 A CN104255308 A CN 104255308A CN 201410451045 A CN201410451045 A CN 201410451045A CN 104255308 A CN104255308 A CN 104255308A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/30—Grafting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G3/00—Cutting implements specially adapted for horticultural purposes; Delimbing standing trees
- A01G2003/005—Removing buds
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- Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for grafting other species on a stiff branch of a tree. The method aims to solve the problems that in the prior art, after grafting, branch rotten disease is prone to occurring to a trunk and a backbone branch, a shoot is prone to being blown and broken by wind at the very year of grafting, shaping difficulty is large and pruning workload is large in one to three years after the grafting, and manpower is wasted for removing a large number of main branches and the backbone branches. The method comprises the four steps of (a) selection and remaining of a stock, (b) handling of the stock, (c) selection and manufacturing of a cion and (d) grafting.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of grafting trees technical field, especially a kind of method of other kinds of trees stiff wood grafting.
Background technology
In order to adapt to market to the demand of fruit, the demand meeting landscaping, technical staff usually can by grafting mutual between the trees of different cultivars of the same race (strain).Campaign, fruit tree stiff wood grafting changed the method for employing wide in variety " cortex grafting " in the past, namely according to tree-like, select to retain the main I and II skeleton branch keeping tree management, retract to proper site, in the kind that the grafting of retraction place is changed, other skeleton branch, side shoot are removed from base portion.The deficiency of " cortex grafting " has 4 points: 1 is eliminate a large amount of side shoot from trunk, skeleton branch, tree body forms multiple wound simultaneously, causes tree vigo(u)r weak, easily limb rot occurs.2 be that same grafting part cross section is comparatively large, though the multiple scion of grafting, the situation of the callus body that grafting interruption-forming one is overall is few, and the kind grafting of replacing then shoot is easily broken by wind, and result rear load-bearing is indifferent easily by backfin.3 is that the upper grafting part of a strain tree is few, and high yield tree crown is formed slowly, and same grafting part scion is many, a scion has 2 ~ 3 buds, and after grafting, 1 ~ 3 year shaping difficulty is large, pruning workload is large.4 be remove, clear up a large amount of major branch, skeleton branch, need at substantial manpower.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of method of other kinds of trees stiff wood grafting, to solve in prior art after grafting, easily there is limb rot in trunk, skeleton branch, grafting then shoot is easily broken by wind, after grafting, 1 ~ 3 year large pruning workload of shaping difficulty is large, removes the problem of a large amount of major branch skeleton branch labor intensive of cleaning.
In order to solve the problem, the invention provides following technical scheme.
A kind of method of other kinds of trees stiff wood grafting comprises the steps.
Selecting and remain of a stock.
To the trees of programmed replacement kind, on each bough at interval of 30 ~ 50 ㎝ select and remain 1 branch age 1 year ~ 2 years, diameter 1cm ~ 2 ㎝ sprig cooked stock, wipe out not other sprigs of position of selecting and remain from base portion.
The process of b stock.
Under sprig of selecting and remain is tilted to apart from raw limb 10cm ~ 15cm place, cut " ellipse " face, in " ellipse " face, back sweep cuts a clip downwards, the described clip degree of depth 2 ~ 2.5 ㎝.
Choosing and making of c scion.
Choose the scion only retaining 1 effective bud, above bud, 1 ~ 1.2 ㎝ place is horizontal cuts, below bud, 4.5 ~ 5 ㎝ places are horizontal cuts, and make a scion section, below bud, 1 ~ 1.5cm place cuts an inclined-plane, clip extends to medulla, scion is rotated 180 °, below bud, 1 ~ 1.5cm place cuts an inclined-plane again, and clip extends to medulla, namely one " wedge shape " is formed, each face length 2 ~ 2.5 ㎝ of wedge shape.
D grafting.
Scion inserted in stock clip, scion and stock side form layer and align, and 2 ~ 3 ㎜ are exposed in scion " wedge shape " face, and cover with the plastic foil position colligation that grafting mouth, stock " ellipse " clip and scion to be showed money or valuables one carries unintentionally immediately, whole grafting work completes immediately.
After 2 ~ 3 years stocks grow up to, on branch, the limb of above-described method after growing up to carries out new grafting
For preventing scattering and disappearing of scion moisture after grafting, in described " choosing and making of c scion " step scion section cut " wedge shape " front, under top to bud, the part of 1.5cm covers with wax liquid.Wax liquid joins the commercial wax after for thawing or the special wax liquid through configuration, and compound method is: commercial wax: lard: the ratio Hybrid Heating of rosin=1:0.4:0.1 is to 105-115 DEG C.
The grafting time of the seeds of first Post flowering exhibition leaf is selected in bud and expands or inflorescence exposes and carries out to initial bloom stage, and the grafting time of the seeds that bloom after first opening up leaf, is selected in leaf stretching period and carries out.
When trees are ornamental tree species trees, nursery stock, before grafting, bed is changed to the ornamental tree species trees of sowing and breeding, nursery stock, field planting seeding row spacing 1m × 1m; Main head is cut off when stock reaches 1 ~ 2 ㎝ apart from 2.8 ~ 3m place, earth's surface rugosity; Select and remain 3 ~ 4 side shoots be evenly distributed within the scope of 20 ㎝ below main head, remaining side shoot is all erased from base portion; Grafting is carried out when side shoot rugosity reaches 1 ~ 2 ㎝.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is: compare " cortex grafting " stiff wood grafting and change the grafting on bough of kind of technology, sprig is selected to do stock grafting, sprig has more vigorous vitality than bough, the grafting mouth of sprig is less than bough, easily forms overall callus graft survival rate and improves 15% ~ 20%.Because remaining elite tree shape, after grafting, high yield tree crown can be formed fast, achieve the target of " grafting in a year, have product, 3 years high yields for 2 years ".
The branch diameter that during grafting, needs are cut out is less, with one, shrub and hedge trimmer can be completed the operation of links, with " " compare, grafting operation intensity significantly reduces cortex grafting.The kind changed is distributed in suitable position when grafting, and grafting part only has a newborn branch, compared with having the branch of multiple new life, prunes after significantly reducing grafting in 1 ~ 2 year with " cortex grafting " grafting part, management workload.
Grafting on bough, easily limb rot occurs, time serious, the incidence of disease is up to more than 60%.With sprig grafting, limb rot can be prevented to occur, and the incidence of disease is lower than 5%.
The present invention is applicable to the lignified fruit tree stiff wood grafting of the annotinous branch medullas such as pears, apple, apricot, Lee, jujube and changes kind.Be applicable to the lignified fruit trees of annotinous branch medulla such as pears, apple, apricot, Lee, jujube and build garden with stock, after within 2 ~ 3 years, stock grows up on branch with stiff wood grafting cultivated species.
The present invention is also applicable to do stock grafting pumila, common elm, garden hat elm, vertical elm etc. with American elm and views and admires elm, does stock grafting Chinese pagoda tree, golden branch Chinese scholar tree, make the engrafting and cultivating of the ornamental tree species trees such as stock grafting safflower Chinese scholartree, nursery stock with locust tree with Chinese scholar tree.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that stock of the present invention shears schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 is that schematic diagram is sheared in scion.
Fig. 3 be stock and scion in conjunction with schematic diagram.
Reference numeral: the scion section that the scion section that the brill that the brill that brill is wooden, B cuts " ellipse " face wood before 1 stock, 2 scion, A prune, C prune is wooden, D prunes front end scion section, E completes first time pruning, F prune after revolving turnback again.
Embodiment
embodiment 1.
Campaign pears, apple, apricot, Lee, jujube " sprig simple bud stiff wood grafting changes kind of a technology ".
1. grafting time: pears, apricot, Japanese plum expand at bud, inflorescence exposes and carries out to initial bloom stage, and apple carries out to initial bloom stage at leaf stretching period, and jujube carried out to leaf stretching period in the budding period.Grafting time inclined morning, resin does not start flowing, and stock and scion are not easily healed; Grafting time is partially late, blooms a large amount of consume tree and to recuperate point, affects the growth surviving and survive rear shoot.
2. the selecting and remain of " sprig " stock: to the fruit tree of programmed replacement kind, when keeping elite tree shape and tree management is substantially constant, according to elite tree hat and branch spatial distribution, the sprig that each bough is selected and remain 1 year branch age at interval of 40 ㎝ is cooked stock, wipes out not other sprigs of position of selecting and remain from base portion.The sprig length doing stock of selecting and remain is 10 ㎝, diameter 1.5 ㎝." sprig " and conventional cortex grafting method be elected to be stock skeleton branch--bough is compared, the vitality of sprig is vigorous, and graft survival rate is high.
3. cut " sprig " stock: use shrub and hedge trimmer sprig foremost, be tilted to down and cut one " ellipse " face.Dark 2.25 ㎝ clips are cut downwards as grafting mouth, this clip and " ellipse " face keeping parallelism at " ellipse " face back sweep.Two clips can form the callus covering wound, not easily limb rot occur.
4. make " simple bud " scion: the scion choosing a reservation effective bud.With shrub and hedge trimmer, above bud, 1.1 ㎝ places are horizontal cuts, and below bud, 4.75 ㎝ places are horizontal cuts, and makes a scion section.With shrub and hedge trimmer, 1.4 ㎝ places below bud cut to declivity, and clip lower end reaches medulla deeply; Scion rotates 180 °, and with shrub and hedge trimmer, 1.4 ㎝ places below bud cut to declivity, and clip lower end reaches medulla deeply, is formed one " wedge shape ", each face length 2.25 ㎝ of wedge shape.Simple bud scion grafting, the scion retaining 2 ~ 3 buds with conventional cortex grafting is compared, and pruning workload after grafting survival in the first two years will significantly reduce.。
5. grafting: scion inserted in stock clip, scion and stock side form layer and align, and scion shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally 2.5 ㎜, tight with the plastic film strip position colligation that grafting mouth and scion to be showed money or valuables one carries unintentionally immediately.Use above method stock and scion Callus formation firmly, compare, not easily windbreak occurs with conventional cortex grafting, result consequence gravity is strong, not easily splitting phenomena occurs.
6. pair scion is done and is reduced the process of moisture loss: in arid area, early spring drought, evaporation discharge is large, the fugitive dehydration of scion divides and the vigor that loses one's life.
The scion exposed after grafting is reserved bud winding with mulch film by 6.1 wraps up tight, reduces scion moisture loss, improves graft survival rate.
6.2 before grafting, and the epimere of the scion length of tape bud sheared is inverted fast quickly dipped wax, and dipping in the wax degree of depth is 1 ㎝ below bud.The scion of dipping in Lasaxing Oilfield is loaded black plastic bag and takes grafting scene to, the scion of dipping in Lasaxing Oilfield the same day was finished the same day.Wax liquid making method is: commercial wax 100g, lard 40g, rosin 10g put into container and be heated to 110 DEG C, wherein lard is refine the lard removed slag, refining process is by lard heating and melting, and use gauze or the macroscopic particle of filter screen filtering, lard heating-up temperature is at 90 DEG C.
7. on the tree body of pair programmed replacement kind, all sprig stocks selected and remain adopt said method to carry out grafting, complete the grafting work that whole strain tree changes kind.
embodiment 2.
Campaign pears, apple, apricot, Lee, jujube " sprig simple bud stiff wood grafting changes kind of a technology ".
1. grafting time: pears, apricot, Japanese plum expand at bud, inflorescence exposes and carries out to initial bloom stage, and apple carries out to initial bloom stage at leaf stretching period, and jujube carried out to leaf stretching period in the budding period.Grafting time inclined morning, resin does not start flowing, and stock and scion are not easily healed; Grafting time is partially late, blooms a large amount of consume tree and to recuperate point, affects the growth surviving and survive rear shoot.
2. the selecting and remain of " sprig " stock: to the fruit tree of programmed replacement kind, when keeping elite tree shape and tree management is substantially constant, according to elite tree hat and branch spatial distribution, the sprig that each bough is selected and remain 1 year branch age at interval of 40 ㎝ is cooked stock, wipes out not other sprigs of position of selecting and remain from base portion.The sprig length doing stock of selecting and remain is 10 ㎝, diameter 1.5 ㎝." sprig " and conventional cortex grafting method be elected to be stock skeleton branch--bough is compared, the vitality of sprig is vigorous, and graft survival rate is high.
3. cut " sprig " stock: use shrub and hedge trimmer sprig foremost, be tilted to down and cut one " ellipse " face.Dark 2.25 ㎝ clips are cut downwards as grafting mouth, this clip and " ellipse " face keeping parallelism at " ellipse " face back sweep.Two clips can form the callus covering wound, not easily limb rot occur.
4. make " simple bud " scion: the scion choosing a reservation effective bud.With shrub and hedge trimmer, above bud, 1.1 ㎝ places are horizontal cuts, and below bud, 4.75 ㎝ places are horizontal cuts, and makes a scion section.With shrub and hedge trimmer, 1.4 ㎝ places below bud cut to declivity, and clip lower end reaches medulla deeply; Scion rotates 180 °, and with shrub and hedge trimmer, 1.4 ㎝ places below bud cut to declivity, and clip lower end reaches medulla deeply, is formed one " wedge shape ", each face length 2.25 ㎝ of wedge shape.Simple bud scion grafting, the scion retaining 2 ~ 3 buds with conventional cortex grafting is compared, and pruning workload after grafting survival in the first two years will significantly reduce.。
5. grafting: scion inserted in stock clip, scion and stock side form layer and align, and scion shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally 2.5 ㎜, tight with the plastic film strip position colligation that grafting mouth and scion to be showed money or valuables one carries unintentionally immediately.Use above method stock and scion Callus formation firmly, compare, not easily windbreak occurs with conventional cortex grafting, result consequence gravity is strong, not easily splitting phenomena occurs.
6. pair scion is done and is reduced the process of moisture loss: in arid area, early spring drought, evaporation discharge is large, the fugitive dehydration of scion divides and the vigor that loses one's life.
The scion exposed after grafting is reserved bud winding with mulch film by 6.1 wraps up tight, reduces scion moisture loss, improves graft survival rate.
6.2 before grafting, and the epimere of the scion length of tape bud sheared is inverted fast quickly dipped wax, and dipping in the wax degree of depth is 1 ㎝ below bud.The scion of dipping in Lasaxing Oilfield is loaded black plastic bag and takes grafting scene to, the scion of dipping in Lasaxing Oilfield the same day was finished the same day.Wax liquid is regular industrial paraffin.
7. on the tree body of pair programmed replacement kind, all sprig stocks selected and remain adopt said method to carry out grafting, complete the grafting work that whole strain tree changes kind.
embodiment 3.
Campaign pears, apple, apricot, Lee, jujube " sprig simple bud stiff wood grafting changes kind of a technology ".
1. grafting time: pears, apricot, Japanese plum expand at bud, inflorescence exposes and carries out to initial bloom stage, and apple carries out to initial bloom stage at leaf stretching period, and jujube carried out to leaf stretching period in the budding period.Grafting time inclined morning, resin does not start flowing, and stock and scion are not easily healed; Grafting time is partially late, blooms a large amount of consume tree and to recuperate point, affects the growth surviving and survive rear shoot.
2. the selecting and remain of " sprig " stock: to the fruit tree of programmed replacement kind, when keeping elite tree shape and tree management is substantially constant, according to elite tree hat and branch spatial distribution, the sprig that each bough is selected and remain 1 year branch age at interval of 40 ㎝ is cooked stock, wipes out not other sprigs of position of selecting and remain from base portion.The sprig length doing stock of selecting and remain is 10 ㎝, diameter 1.5 ㎝." sprig " and conventional cortex grafting method be elected to be stock skeleton branch--bough is compared, the vitality of sprig is vigorous, and graft survival rate is high.
3. cut " sprig " stock: use shrub and hedge trimmer sprig foremost, be tilted to down and cut one " ellipse " face.Dark 2.25 ㎝ clips are cut downwards as grafting mouth, this clip and " ellipse " face keeping parallelism at " ellipse " face back sweep.Two clips can form the callus covering wound, not easily limb rot occur.
4. make " simple bud " scion: the scion choosing a reservation effective bud.With shrub and hedge trimmer, above bud, 1.1 ㎝ places are horizontal cuts, and below bud, 4.75 ㎝ places are horizontal cuts, and makes a scion section.With shrub and hedge trimmer, 1.4 ㎝ places below bud cut to declivity, and clip lower end reaches medulla deeply; Scion rotates 180 °, and with shrub and hedge trimmer, 1.4 ㎝ places below bud cut to declivity, and clip lower end reaches medulla deeply, is formed one " wedge shape ", each face length 2.25 ㎝ of wedge shape.Simple bud scion grafting, the scion retaining 2 ~ 3 buds with conventional cortex grafting is compared, and pruning workload after grafting survival in the first two years will significantly reduce.。
5. grafting: scion inserted in stock clip, scion and stock side form layer and align, and scion shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally 2.5 ㎜, tight with the plastic film strip position colligation that grafting mouth and scion to be showed money or valuables one carries unintentionally immediately.Use above method stock and scion Callus formation firmly, compare, not easily windbreak occurs with conventional cortex grafting, result consequence gravity is strong, not easily splitting phenomena occurs.
6. pair scion is done and is reduced the process of moisture loss: in arid area, early spring drought, evaporation discharge is large, the fugitive dehydration of scion divides and the vigor that loses one's life.
The scion exposed after grafting is reserved bud winding with mulch film by 6.1 wraps up tight, reduces scion moisture loss, improves graft survival rate.
6.2 before grafting, and the epimere of the scion length of tape bud sheared is inverted fast quickly dipped wax, and dipping in the wax degree of depth is 1 ㎝ below bud.The scion of dipping in Lasaxing Oilfield is loaded black plastic bag and takes grafting scene to, the scion of dipping in Lasaxing Oilfield the same day was finished the same day.Wax liquid making method is: commercial wax 200g, lard 80g, rosin 20g put into container and be heated to 110 DEG C, wherein lard is refine the lard removed slag, refining process is by lard heating and melting, and use gauze or the macroscopic particle of filter screen filtering, lard heating-up temperature is at 105 DEG C.
7. on the tree body of pair programmed replacement kind, all sprig stocks selected and remain adopt said method to carry out grafting, complete the grafting work that whole strain tree changes kind.
embodiment 4.
Campaign pears, apple, apricot, Lee, jujube " sprig simple bud stiff wood grafting changes kind of a technology ".
1. grafting time: pears, apricot, Japanese plum expand at bud, inflorescence exposes and carries out to initial bloom stage, and apple carries out to initial bloom stage at leaf stretching period, and jujube carried out to leaf stretching period in the budding period.Grafting time inclined morning, resin does not start flowing, and stock and scion are not easily healed; Grafting time is partially late, blooms a large amount of consume tree and to recuperate point, affects the growth surviving and survive rear shoot.
2. the selecting and remain of " sprig " stock: to the fruit tree of programmed replacement kind, when keeping elite tree shape and tree management is substantially constant, according to elite tree hat and branch spatial distribution, the sprig that each bough is selected and remain 1 year branch age at interval of 30 ㎝ is cooked stock, wipes out not other sprigs of position of selecting and remain from base portion.The sprig length doing stock of selecting and remain is 5 ㎝, diameter 1 ㎝." sprig " and conventional cortex grafting method be elected to be stock skeleton branch--bough is compared, the vitality of sprig is vigorous, and graft survival rate is high.
3. cut " sprig " stock: use shrub and hedge trimmer sprig foremost, be tilted to down and cut one " ellipse " face.Dark 2 ㎝ clips are cut downwards as grafting mouth, this clip and " ellipse " face keeping parallelism at " ellipse " face back sweep.Two clips can form the callus covering wound, not easily limb rot occur.
4. make " simple bud " scion: the scion choosing a reservation effective bud.With shrub and hedge trimmer, above bud, 1 ㎝ place is horizontal cuts, and below bud, 4.5 ㎝ places are horizontal cuts, and makes a scion section.With shrub and hedge trimmer, 1.2 ㎝ places below bud cut to declivity, and clip lower end reaches medulla deeply; Scion rotates 180 °, and with shrub and hedge trimmer, 1.2 ㎝ places below bud cut to declivity, and clip lower end reaches medulla deeply, is formed one " wedge shape ", each face length 2 ㎝ of wedge shape, smoothly.Simple bud scion grafting, the scion retaining 2 ~ 3 buds with conventional cortex grafting is compared, and pruning workload after grafting survival in the first two years will significantly reduce.
5. grafting: scion inserted in stock clip, scion and stock side form layer and align, and scion shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally 2 ㎜, tight with the plastic film strip position colligation that grafting mouth and scion to be showed money or valuables one carries unintentionally immediately.Use above method stock and scion Callus formation firmly, compare, not easily windbreak occurs with conventional cortex grafting, result consequence gravity is strong, not easily splitting phenomena occurs.
6. pair scion is done and is reduced the process of moisture loss: in arid area, early spring drought, evaporation discharge is large, the fugitive dehydration of scion divides and the vigor that loses one's life.
The scion exposed after grafting is reserved bud winding with mulch film by 6.1 wraps up tight, reduces scion moisture loss, improves graft survival rate.
6.2 before grafting, and the epimere of the scion length of tape bud sheared is inverted fast quickly dipped wax, and dipping in the wax degree of depth is 1 ㎝ below bud.The scion of dipping in Lasaxing Oilfield is loaded black plastic bag and takes grafting scene to, the scion of dipping in Lasaxing Oilfield the same day was finished the same day.Wax liquid making method is: commercial wax 100g, lard 40g, rosin 10g put into container and be heated to 110 DEG C, wherein lard is refine the lard removed slag, refining process is by lard heating and melting, and use gauze or the macroscopic particle of filter screen filtering, lard heating-up temperature is at 100 DEG C.
7. on the tree body of pair programmed replacement kind, all sprig stocks selected and remain adopt said method to carry out grafting, complete the grafting work that whole strain tree changes kind.
embodiment 5.
Campaign pears, apple, apricot, Lee, jujube " sprig simple bud stiff wood grafting changes kind of a technology ".
1. grafting time: pears, apricot, Japanese plum expand at bud, inflorescence exposes and carries out to initial bloom stage, and apple carries out to initial bloom stage at leaf stretching period, and jujube carried out to leaf stretching period in the budding period.Grafting time inclined morning, resin does not start flowing, and stock and scion are not easily healed; Grafting time is partially late, blooms a large amount of consume tree and to recuperate point, affects the growth surviving and survive rear shoot.
2. the selecting and remain of " sprig " stock: to the fruit tree of programmed replacement kind, when keeping elite tree shape and tree management is substantially constant, according to elite tree hat and branch spatial distribution, the sprig that each bough is selected and remain 2 years branch age at interval of 50 ㎝ is cooked stock, wipes out not other sprigs of position of selecting and remain from base portion.The sprig length doing stock of selecting and remain is 15 ㎝, diameter 2 ㎝." sprig " and conventional cortex grafting method be elected to be stock skeleton branch--bough is compared, the vitality of sprig is vigorous, and graft survival rate is high.
3. cut " sprig " stock: use shrub and hedge trimmer sprig foremost, be tilted to down and cut one " ellipse " face.Dark 2.5 ㎝ clips are cut downwards as grafting mouth, this clip and " ellipse " face keeping parallelism at " ellipse " face back sweep.Two clips can form the callus covering wound, not easily limb rot occur.
4. make " simple bud " scion: the scion choosing a reservation effective bud.With shrub and hedge trimmer, above bud, 1.2 ㎝ places are horizontal cuts, and below bud, 5 ㎝ places are horizontal cuts, and makes a scion section.With shrub and hedge trimmer, 1.5 ㎝ places below bud cut to declivity, and clip lower end reaches medulla deeply; Scion rotates 180 °, and with shrub and hedge trimmer, 1.5 ㎝ places below bud cut to declivity, and clip lower end reaches medulla deeply, is formed one " wedge shape ", each face length 2.5 ㎝ of wedge shape, smoothly.Simple bud scion grafting, the scion retaining 2 ~ 3 buds with conventional cortex grafting is compared, and pruning workload after grafting survival in the first two years will significantly reduce.。
5. grafting: scion inserted in stock clip, scion and stock side form layer and align, and scion shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally 3 ㎜, tight with the plastic film strip position colligation that grafting mouth and scion to be showed money or valuables one carries unintentionally immediately.Use above method stock and scion Callus formation firmly, compare, not easily windbreak occurs with conventional cortex grafting, result consequence gravity is strong, not easily splitting phenomena occurs.
6. on the tree body of pair programmed replacement kind, all sprig stocks selected and remain adopt said method to carry out grafting, complete the grafting work that whole strain tree changes kind.
embodiment 6.
American elm does stock grafting pumila, common elm, garden hat elm, vertical elm etc. and views and admires elm, does stock grafting Chinese pagoda tree, golden branch Chinese scholar tree, make the engrafting and cultivating of the ornamental tree species trees such as stock grafting safflower Chinese scholartree, nursery stock with locust tree with Chinese scholar tree.
1. stock is cultivated: change bed, field planting seeding row spacing 1m × 1m to the American elm of sowing and breeding, Chinese scholar tree, locust tree.Strengthen clay fertilizer water management and the extermination of disease and insect pest, cultivation tree vigo(u)r stalwartness, form lead to straight stock.Cut off main head when stock reaches 2 ㎝ apart from 2.8m place, earth's surface rugosity, inspire branch.Select and remain 4 side shoots be evenly distributed within the scope of 20 ㎝ under main head, remaining side shoot is all erased from base portion.Grafting is carried out when side shoot rugosity reaches 2 ㎝.Touch disconnected kind in greening process, need the elm of secondary grafting fancy breed, Chinese scholartree, strengthen management, inspire shoot.4 side shoots be evenly distributed within the scope of 20 ㎝ under former grafting part of selecting and remain, remaining side shoot is all erased from base portion.Grafting is carried out when side shoot rugosity reaches 2 ㎝.
2. grafting time: elm is separated to leaf stretching period American elm " elm money " and carries out, and Chinese scholartree carries out to leaf stretching period in Chinese scholar tree, locust tree rudiment.
3. cut " sprig " stock: with embodiment 1.
4. make " simple bud " scion: with embodiment 1.
5. grafting: with embodiment 1.
6. the process reducing moisture loss is done in pair scion: with embodiment 1.
7. pair all side shoots selected and remain adopt said method to carry out grafting, complete the grafting work of whole strain tree.
embodiment 7.
American elm does stock grafting pumila, common elm, garden hat elm, vertical elm etc. and views and admires elm, does stock grafting Chinese pagoda tree, golden branch Chinese scholar tree, make the engrafting and cultivating of the ornamental tree species trees such as stock grafting safflower Chinese scholartree, nursery stock with locust tree with Chinese scholar tree.
1. stock is cultivated: change bed, field planting seeding row spacing 1m × 1m to the American elm of sowing and breeding, Chinese scholar tree, locust tree.Strengthen clay fertilizer water management and the extermination of disease and insect pest, cultivation tree vigo(u)r stalwartness, form lead to straight stock.Cut off main head when stock reaches 2 ㎝ apart from 2.9m place, earth's surface rugosity, inspire branch.Select and remain 3 side shoots be evenly distributed within the scope of 20 ㎝ under main head, remaining side shoot is all erased from base portion.Grafting is carried out when side shoot rugosity reaches 1 ㎝.Touch disconnected kind in greening process, need the elm of secondary grafting fancy breed, Chinese scholartree, strengthen management, inspire shoot.3 side shoots be evenly distributed within the scope of 20 ㎝ under former grafting part of selecting and remain, remaining side shoot is all erased from base portion.Grafting is carried out when side shoot rugosity reaches 1 ㎝,
2. grafting time: elm is separated to leaf stretching period American elm " elm money " and carries out, and Chinese scholartree carries out to leaf stretching period in Chinese scholar tree, locust tree rudiment.
3. cut " sprig " stock: with embodiment 2.
4. make " simple bud " scion: with embodiment 2.
5. grafting: with embodiment 2.
6. the process reducing moisture loss is done in pair scion: with embodiment 2.
7. pair all side shoots selected and remain adopt said method to carry out grafting, complete the grafting work of whole strain tree.
embodiment 8.
American elm does stock grafting pumila, common elm, garden hat elm, vertical elm etc. and views and admires elm, does stock grafting Chinese pagoda tree, golden branch Chinese scholar tree, make the engrafting and cultivating of the ornamental tree species trees such as stock grafting safflower Chinese scholartree, nursery stock with locust tree with Chinese scholar tree.
1. stock is cultivated: change bed, field planting seeding row spacing 1m × 1m to the American elm of sowing and breeding, Chinese scholar tree, locust tree.Strengthen clay fertilizer water management and the extermination of disease and insect pest, cultivation tree vigo(u)r stalwartness, form lead to straight stock.Cut off main head when stock reaches 2 ㎝ apart from 3m place, earth's surface rugosity, inspire branch.Select and remain 4 side shoots be evenly distributed within the scope of 20 ㎝ under main head, remaining side shoot is all erased from base portion.Grafting is carried out when side shoot rugosity reaches 1.5 ㎝.Touch disconnected kind in greening process, need the elm of secondary grafting fancy breed, Chinese scholartree, strengthen management, inspire shoot.4 side shoots be evenly distributed within the scope of 20 ㎝ under former grafting part of selecting and remain, remaining side shoot is all erased from base portion.Grafting is carried out when side shoot rugosity reaches 1.5 ㎝,
2. grafting time: elm is separated to leaf stretching period American elm " elm money " and carries out, and Chinese scholartree carries out to leaf stretching period in Chinese scholar tree, locust tree rudiment.
3. cut " sprig " stock: with embodiment 3.
4. make " simple bud " scion: with embodiment 3.
5. grafting: with embodiment 3.
6. the process reducing moisture loss is done in pair scion: with embodiment 3.
7. pair all side shoots selected and remain adopt said method to carry out grafting, complete the grafting work of whole strain tree.
embodiment 9.
American elm does stock grafting pumila, common elm, garden hat elm, vertical elm etc. and views and admires elm, does stock grafting Chinese pagoda tree, golden branch Chinese scholar tree, make the engrafting and cultivating of the ornamental tree species trees such as stock grafting safflower Chinese scholartree, nursery stock with locust tree with Chinese scholar tree.
1. stock is cultivated: change bed, field planting seeding row spacing 1m × 1m to the American elm of sowing and breeding, Chinese scholar tree, locust tree.Strengthen clay fertilizer water management and the extermination of disease and insect pest, cultivation tree vigo(u)r stalwartness, form lead to straight stock.Cut off main head when stock reaches 2 ㎝ apart from 2.9m place, earth's surface rugosity, inspire branch.Select and remain 3 side shoots be evenly distributed within the scope of 20 ㎝ under main head, remaining side shoot is all erased from base portion.Grafting is carried out when side shoot rugosity reaches 1.5 ㎝.Touch disconnected kind in greening process, need the elm of secondary grafting fancy breed, Chinese scholartree, strengthen management, inspire shoot.3 side shoots be evenly distributed within the scope of 20 ㎝ under former grafting part of selecting and remain, remaining side shoot is all erased from base portion.Grafting is carried out when side shoot rugosity reaches 1.5 ㎝.
2. grafting time: elm is separated to leaf stretching period American elm " elm money " and carries out, and Chinese scholartree carries out to leaf stretching period in Chinese scholar tree, locust tree rudiment.
3. cut " sprig " stock: with embodiment 4.
4. make " simple bud " scion: with embodiment 4.
5. grafting: with embodiment 4.
6. the process reducing moisture loss is done in pair scion: with embodiment 4.
7. pair all side shoots selected and remain adopt said method to carry out grafting, complete the grafting work of whole strain tree.
embodiment 10.
American elm does stock grafting pumila, common elm, garden hat elm, vertical elm etc. and views and admires elm, does stock grafting Chinese pagoda tree, golden branch Chinese scholar tree, make the engrafting and cultivating of the ornamental tree species trees such as stock grafting safflower Chinese scholartree, nursery stock with locust tree with Chinese scholar tree.
1. stock is cultivated: change bed, field planting seeding row spacing 1m × 1m to the American elm of sowing and breeding, Chinese scholar tree, locust tree.Strengthen clay fertilizer water management and the extermination of disease and insect pest, cultivation tree vigo(u)r stalwartness, form lead to straight stock.Stock apart from 3m place, earth's surface rugosity reach 2 ㎝ left time cut off main head, inspire branch.Select and remain 3 side shoots be evenly distributed within the scope of 20 ㎝ under main head, remaining side shoot is all erased from base portion.Grafting is carried out when side shoot rugosity reaches 2 ㎝.Touch disconnected kind in greening process, need the elm of secondary grafting fancy breed, Chinese scholartree, strengthen management, inspire shoot.3 side shoots be evenly distributed within the scope of 20 ㎝ below former grafting part of selecting and remain, remaining side shoot is all erased from base portion.Grafting is carried out when side shoot rugosity reaches 2 ㎝,
2. grafting time: elm is separated to leaf stretching period American elm " elm money " and carries out, and Chinese scholartree carries out to leaf stretching period in Chinese scholar tree, locust tree rudiment.
3. cut " sprig " stock: with embodiment 5.
4. make " simple bud " scion: with embodiment 5.
5. grafting: with embodiment 5.
6. pair all side shoots selected and remain adopt said method to carry out grafting, complete the grafting work of whole strain tree.
embodiment 11.
Apple, apricot, Lee, jujube stock build garden, after within 2 years, stock grows up on branch again to carry out stiff wood grafting.
1. stock is cultivated: in In China West Arid Land, Fruit Trees Development many places are in the location of land occupation condition difference, and soil is barren, saline and alkaline heavier.Stock builds garden, stock strong adaptability, and planting survival rate is high, and growing way comparatively finished product Miao Jian garden is good.Strengthen clay fertilizer water management, pruning and the extermination of disease and insect pest, make stock in 2 years, form tree vigo(u)r stalwartness, reasonable, that rugosity the reaches 1 ㎝ basis of side shoot distribution is tree-like.
2. grafting time: with embodiment 1.
3. the selecting and remain of " sprig " stock: the production that tree-like and plan adopts according to stock is tree-like, the suitable side shoot in trunk of selecting and remain, 5 spatial distribution positions makes stock, wipes out not at other side shoots of position of selecting and remain from base portion.The side shoot selected and remain, apart from base portion 10 ㎝ place diameter 2 ㎝.
4. cut " sprig " stock: with embodiment 1.
5. make " simple bud " scion: with embodiment 1.
6. grafting: with embodiment 1.
7. the process reducing moisture loss is done in pair scion: with embodiment 1.
8. full garden grafting: adopt said method to carry out grafting to stock trunk and all side shoots selected and remain, complete the grafting work of whole strain tree.Whole stock in garden, adopts said method to carry out grafting, completes the grafting work in full garden.
embodiment 12.
Apple, apricot, Lee, jujube stock build garden, after within 3 years, stock grows up on branch again to carry out stiff wood grafting.
1. stock is cultivated: in In China West Arid Land, Fruit Trees Development many places are in the location of land occupation condition difference, and soil is barren, saline and alkaline heavier.Stock builds garden, stock strong adaptability, and planting survival rate is high, and growing way comparatively finished product Miao Jian garden is good.Strengthen clay fertilizer water management, pruning and the extermination of disease and insect pest, make stock in 3 years, form tree vigo(u)r stalwartness, reasonable, that rugosity the reaches 2 ㎝ basis of side shoot distribution is tree-like.
2. grafting time: with embodiment 1.
3. the selecting and remain of " sprig " stock: the production that tree-like and plan adopts according to stock is tree-like, the suitable side shoot in trunk of selecting and remain, 3 spatial distribution positions makes stock, wipes out not at other side shoots of position of selecting and remain from base portion.The side shoot selected and remain, apart from base portion 10 ㎝ place diameter 1 ㎝.
4. cut " sprig " stock: with embodiment 1.
5. make " simple bud " scion: with embodiment 1.
6. grafting: with embodiment 1.
7. the process reducing moisture loss is done in pair scion: with embodiment 1.
8. full garden grafting: adopt said method to carry out grafting to stock trunk and all side shoots selected and remain, complete the grafting work of whole strain tree.Whole stock in garden, adopts said method to carry out grafting, completes the grafting work in full garden.
embodiment 13.
Apple, apricot, Lee, jujube stock build garden, after within 2 years, stock grows up on branch again to carry out stiff wood grafting.
1. stock is cultivated: in In China West Arid Land, Fruit Trees Development many places are in the location of land occupation condition difference, and soil is barren, saline and alkaline heavier.Stock builds garden, stock strong adaptability, and planting survival rate is high, and growing way comparatively finished product Miao Jian garden is good.Strengthen clay fertilizer water management, pruning and the extermination of disease and insect pest, make stock in 3 years, form tree vigo(u)r stalwartness, reasonable, that rugosity the reaches 2 ㎝ basis of side shoot distribution is tree-like.
2. grafting time: with embodiment 1.
3. the selecting and remain of " sprig " stock: the production that tree-like and plan adopts according to stock is tree-like, the suitable side shoot in trunk of selecting and remain, 5 spatial distribution positions makes stock, wipes out not at other side shoots of position of selecting and remain from base portion.The side shoot selected and remain, apart from base portion 10 ㎝ place diameter 2 ㎝.
4. cut " sprig " stock: with embodiment 1.
5. make " simple bud " scion: with embodiment 1.
6. grafting: with embodiment 1.
7. the process reducing moisture loss is done in pair scion: with embodiment 1.
8. full garden grafting: adopt said method to carry out grafting to stock trunk and all side shoots selected and remain, complete the grafting work of whole strain tree.Whole stock in garden, adopts said method to carry out grafting, completes the grafting work in full garden.
Claims (7)
1. a method for other kinds of trees stiff wood grafting, is characterized in that: comprise the steps:
Selecting and remain of a stock: to the trees of programmed replacement kind, on each bough at interval of 30 ~ 50 ㎝ select and remain 1 branch age 1 year ~ 2 years, diameter 1cm ~ 2 ㎝ sprig cooked stock, wipes out not other sprigs of position of selecting and remain from base portion;
The process of b stock: cut " ellipse " face under sprig of selecting and remain is tilted to apart from raw limb 10cm ~ 15cm place, back sweep cuts a clip downwards in " ellipse " face, the described clip degree of depth 2 ~ 2.5 ㎝;
Choosing and making of c scion: choose the scion only retaining 1 effective bud, above bud, 1 ~ 1.2 ㎝ place is horizontal cuts, below bud, 4.5 ~ 5 ㎝ places are horizontal cuts, and make a scion section, below bud, 1 ~ 1.5cm place cuts an inclined-plane, clip extends to medulla, scion is rotated 180 °, below bud, 1 ~ 1.5cm place cuts an inclined-plane again, and clip extends to medulla, namely one " wedge shape " is formed, each face length 2 ~ 2.5 ㎝ of wedge shape;
D grafting: scion is inserted in stock clip, scion and stock side form layer and align, 2 ~ 3 ㎜ are exposed in scion " wedge shape " face, and cover with the plastic foil position colligation that grafting mouth, stock " ellipse " clip and scion to be showed money or valuables one carries unintentionally immediately, whole grafting work completes immediately.
2. the method for a kind of other kinds of trees stiff wood grafting according to claim 1, is characterized in that: after 2 ~ 3 years stocks grow up on branch so that the limb of the method described in claim 1 after growing up to carry out new grafting.
3. the method for a kind of other kinds of trees stiff wood grafting according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: for preventing scattering and disappearing of scion moisture after grafting, in described " choosing and making of c scion " step scion section cut " wedge shape " front, under top to bud, the part of 1.5cm covers with wax liquid.
4. the method for a kind of other kinds of trees stiff wood grafting according to claim 3, is characterized in that: described wax liquid making method is: commercial wax: lard: the ratio Hybrid Heating of rosin=1:0.4:0.1 is to 105-115 DEG C.
5. the method for a kind of other kinds of trees stiff wood grafting according to claim 3, is characterized in that: described wax liquid joins the commercial wax after for thawing.
6. the method for a kind of other kinds of trees stiff wood grafting according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the grafting time of the seeds of first Post flowering exhibition leaf is selected in bud and expands or inflorescence exposes to initial bloom stage and carries out, first open up the grafting time of the seeds that to bloom after leaf, be selected in leaf stretching period and carry out.
7. the method for a kind of other kinds of trees stiff wood grafting according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: when described trees are ornamental tree species trees, nursery stock, before grafting, bed is changed to the ornamental tree species trees of sowing and breeding, nursery stock, field planting seeding row spacing 1m × 1m; Main head is cut off when stock reaches 1 ~ 2 ㎝ apart from 2.8 ~ 3m place, earth's surface rugosity; Select and remain 3 ~ 4 side shoots be evenly distributed within the scope of 20 ㎝ below main head, remaining side shoot is all erased from base portion; Grafting is carried out when side shoot rugosity reaches 1 ~ 2 ㎝.
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| CN105557318A (en) * | 2015-12-15 | 2016-05-11 | 河北省林业科学研究院 | Grafting method for apple tree |
| CN107517746A (en) * | 2017-10-20 | 2017-12-29 | 太湖县香茗山生态果品科技园有限公司 | The high-survival rate grafting of jujube tree |
| CN110754235A (en) * | 2019-10-30 | 2020-02-07 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 | High-position grafting and cultivating method for passion flower in field |
| CN114271116A (en) * | 2021-06-09 | 2022-04-05 | 河北农业大学 | Grafting device for hard branch cutting and ventral grafting |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105557318A (en) * | 2015-12-15 | 2016-05-11 | 河北省林业科学研究院 | Grafting method for apple tree |
| CN107517746A (en) * | 2017-10-20 | 2017-12-29 | 太湖县香茗山生态果品科技园有限公司 | The high-survival rate grafting of jujube tree |
| CN110754235A (en) * | 2019-10-30 | 2020-02-07 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 | High-position grafting and cultivating method for passion flower in field |
| CN114271116A (en) * | 2021-06-09 | 2022-04-05 | 河北农业大学 | Grafting device for hard branch cutting and ventral grafting |
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