CN109757284A - A kind of breeding method piercing rattan green pepper less - Google Patents
A kind of breeding method piercing rattan green pepper less Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN109757284A CN109757284A CN201910217460.2A CN201910217460A CN109757284A CN 109757284 A CN109757284 A CN 109757284A CN 201910217460 A CN201910217460 A CN 201910217460A CN 109757284 A CN109757284 A CN 109757284A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- green pepper
- rattan green
- stock
- scion
- less
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 235000008534 Capsicum annuum var annuum Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 73
- 240000008384 Capsicum annuum var. annuum Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 73
- 241000345998 Calamus manan Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 71
- 235000012950 rattan cane Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 71
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 15
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 claims description 14
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000003020 moisturizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000003971 tillage Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000005842 Thiophanate-methyl Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- QGHREAKMXXNCOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiophanate-methyl Chemical compound COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC QGHREAKMXXNCOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000524057 Acacia fleckii Species 0.000 abstract description 3
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 244000089698 Zanthoxylum simulans Species 0.000 description 7
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 6
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003205 fragrance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 4
- 208000037805 labour Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 239000002362 mulch Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 3
- 244000082204 Phyllostachys viridis Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 244000294617 Zanthoxylum alatum Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000004417 Zanthoxylum alatum Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000050 nutritive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009333 weeding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019634 flavors Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 206010013911 Dysgeusia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000949456 Zanthoxylum Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000032846 Zanthoxylum bungeanum Species 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013409 condiments Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007850 degeneration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- LPUQAYUQRXPFSQ-DFWYDOINSA-M monosodium L-glutamate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C(=O)[C@@H](N)CCC(O)=O LPUQAYUQRXPFSQ-DFWYDOINSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 235000013923 monosodium glutamate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004223 monosodium glutamate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012549 training Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000003934 vacuole Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000000341 volatile oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004018 waxing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000029663 wound healing Effects 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of breeding methods for piercing rattan green pepper less.Method includes the following steps: (1) stock is cultivated；(2) stock is handled；(3) scion selects；(4) scion is handled；(5) it grafts；(6) final-period management；(7) multi-generation grafting.Engrafting method provided by the invention, by more than three generations grafting, few thorn rattan green pepper that character is stable, yielding ability is good, resistance is strong, quality is good can be cultivated, compared with traditional rattan green pepper (seedling), branch thorn few 80% or more is pierced wide small by 30%, thorn length is small by 35%, rachis thorn and blade thorn few 100%, therefore, rachis and blade are stingless.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to breed of crop technical fields, and in particular to a kind of breeding method for piercing rattan green pepper less.
Background technique
Four fructus zanthoxyli cultivation histories are long, quality is superior, widely used, and fruit is with beautiful in colour, oil more big, fragrance is dense
Strongly fragrant, limp and numb peculiar flavour palatable, that numb taste is pure enjoy great prestige be both at home and abroad Sichuan cuisine soul.The existing Chinese prickly ash master cultivated extensively in Sichuan
There are Chinese prickly ash (Zanthoxylum bungeanum Maxim.) series, also known as " pericarpium zanthoxyli bungeani ", such as " Hanyuan Chinese prickly ash ", " Lingshan
The excellent variety such as right way green pepper ", " Mao County Chinese prickly ash "；Zanthoxylum armatum (Zanthoxylum armatum DC.) series, it is also known as " green
Chinese prickly ash ", such as " Jinyang pericarpium zanthoxyli schinifolii ", " Pengxi pericarpium zanthoxyli schinifolii ", " rattan green pepper " kind.
Currently, about 5,000,000 mu of four fructus zanthoxyli cultivated area, wherein about 2,200,000 mu of pericarpium zanthoxyli bungeani cultivated area, pericarpium zanthoxyli schinifolii is planted
About 2,800,000 mu of area of training produces about 8.36 ten thousand tons of dry green pepper per year, and comprehensive about 62.7 hundred million yuan of annual value of production, be the first in the nation position, Chinese prickly ash industry
It has become our province Rural economy in the mountain area new growth point and helps agriculture to increase income, the breach assaulted fortified position of shaking off poverty.
Rattan green pepper is Rutaceae Zanthoxylum perennial evergreen shrub plant, belongs to pericarpium zanthoxyli schinifolii (Zanthoxylum armatum
DC. a cultivar) has stem, the how sharp thorn of branches and leaves, and fruit particle is big, and oil vacuole is prominent, and aromatic flavour, aftertaste is not bitter,
The features such as oil yield is high is the specialty economies woods tree species for integrating fragrance, condiment, oil plant, medicinal etc..Sichuan is the weight of rattan green pepper
Producing region is wanted, extensively, the ground such as Meishan, Leshan, Mianyang, Suining, Guangan, Nanchong, Yaan, Chengdu are distributed for cultivation.
Chinese prickly ash belongs to labor-intensive production, and because of the dense prickle of trunk, branch and blade, picking fruit is difficult, needs
A large amount of labours, it is time-consuming, also, Pericarpium Zanthoxyli fruit is because of its special oily packet protrusion, will cause after destruction pericarp color it is dimmed,
Fragrance is thin out, and quality reduces.Though the mechanically or chemically side of picked by hand can be still replaced without one kind at present by testing for many years
Method.
And though rattan green pepper trunk, branches and leaves prickle are less than pericarpium zanthoxyli bungeani, prickle is big, prickle is long, leads to that fruit harvesting is difficult, picking
The problems such as at high cost, still protrudes.
Summary of the invention
For above-mentioned deficiency in the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of breeding method for piercing rattan green pepper less, can effectively solve
The problem that rattan green pepper thorn is more, picking is at high cost, disease and insect resistance is poor.
To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problems is:
A kind of breeding method piercing rattan green pepper less, comprising the following steps:
(1) stock is cultivated
Selection the age of tree 10 years or more pericarpium zanthoxyli schinifoliis or rattan green pepper are collected seed, and are then broadcast early September~mid-October
Kind into the soil after sterile-processed, then cladding thickness is the fine earth of 1~2cm, then spill with a thickness of 1 on fine earth upper berth~
The straw of 2cm, watering, after growth of seedling is greater than 60cm to height, secateurs cutting strunk, to nursery stock continued growth, by 2~3 times
Cutting strunk, seedling height control is in 60cm, until seedling base diameter grows to and can be used as stock greater than 0.6cm；
(2) stock is handled
The cutting strunk at stock trunk from the ground 16~20cm, and erase the prickle on trunk, then trunk from the ground 8~
It at 10cm, selects trunk even surface side, to cut downwards, formation length is the smooth ramp of 4~6cm, makes the micro- exposing wood of trunk
Matter portion, then in smooth ramp bottom, retain length for 0.8~1.0cm and cut bark；
(3) scion selects
Choose the age of tree 6 years or more, high-quality, pure rattan green pepper annotinous branch contains 4~6 buds including terminal bud
Young sprout then the petiole of scion, top are cut off, sparse spinule of erasing as scion, and moisturizing of spraying water is stored in 0~5 DEG C
Be protected from light place；
(4) scion is handled
In scion middle and lower part, selection one is smoothly located, the smooth ramp that cutting formation length is 4~6cm, and in fringe bar base portion
Side, reserves a bud, micro- exposing xylem, then at its back side according to 45 ° of one short faces of beveling；
(5) it grafts
Mid-November to during late December, fringe bar is inserted into stock incision, the bark of reservation wraps up scion upwards
Bottom is bundled after making the two forming layer alignment；
(6) final-period management
After the completion of grafting, final-period management is carried out to grafting, cultivation obtains the first generation and pierces rattan green pepper less；
(7) multi-generation grafting
It by step (1)~(6) method, is pierced in rattan green pepper less from the first generation, annotinous branch conduct the in selection age of tree 2 years or more
Scion, and grafted to stock, it cultivates the second generation and pierces rattan green pepper less；The process for piercing rattan green pepper less according still further to the cultivation second generation continues
Engrafting and cultivating is carried out, finally cultivates and obtains few thorn rattan green pepper.
Further, the detailed process disinfected in step (1) are as follows: by Soil tillage 20cm or more, then smooth field
Then ground is sealed 5~7 days with 70% thiophanate-methyl, 800~1000 times of liquid sprinklings with plastic film covering.
It further, prior to seeding further include that seedbed processing, detailed process are carried out to the soil after disinfection in step (1)
Are as follows: according to slope aspect, arrangement forms wide 80~100cm, the seedbed of high 10~15cm, 20~30cm of furrow width between seedbed, and deep 10
~15cm.
Further, in step (2) moisturizing detailed process are as follows: by scion be packed into plastic crate in, then spray clear water, and
Moisturizing is covered with wet towel.
Further, when being bundled in step (5), it should be avoided and bundle the bud that fringe bar base portion side reserves to interior.
Further, step (6) middle and later periods management include heat and moisture preserving, temperature control, except sprout, flower thinning, pinching, nursery stock move
Branch, and conventional prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control process are determined in cultivation, shaping.
Further, the few thorn rattan green pepper finally obtained in step (7) is that the third generation pierces rattan green pepper less.
The invention has the benefit that
1, engrafting method provided by the invention, scion needs not move through waxing processing and the storage of long-time frozen storehouse, fringe bar are adopted
It after collection, is quickly impregnated using clear water, is covered with two layers of wet towel, be immediately available for grafting, saved labour cost.
2, engrafting method provided by the invention cultivates that character is stable, yielding ability is good, degeneration-resistant by more than three generations grafting
Property the third generation strong, that quality is good pierce rattan green pepper less, compared with traditional rattan green pepper (seedling), branch thorn few 80% or more, thorn width is small
30%, thorn length is small by 35%, and rachis thorn and blade thorn few 100%, therefore, rachis and blade are stingless.Picking fruit efficiency can mention
It is high by 30% or more, it is calculated according to picking 1.5~2.0 yuan/jin of price, picking cost per jin reduces 0.45 yuan~0.60 yuan.
3, engrafting method provided by the invention is first covered one layer of mulch, is then taken out, and in plastics using plastic canopy
It covers two layers of sunshade net on film, carries out heat and moisture preserving processing, wound healing is fast, easy to operate, has broken winter and cannot carry out
The conventional method of grafting.
4, the present invention forms it into a set of new few thorn rattan green pepper breeding method, survives by studying each step
For rate 95% or more, transplanting survival rate reaches 98% or more, and blossoms and bears fruit morning, enters high yield as early as possible, and yield is also improved.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the young sprout upgrowth situation of grafting；
Fig. 2 is growth result after field planting.
Specific embodiment
A specific embodiment of the invention is described below, in order to facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art this hair
It is bright, it should be apparent that the present invention is not limited to the ranges of specific embodiment, for those skilled in the art,
As long as various change is in the spirit and scope of the present invention that the attached claims limit and determine, these variations are aobvious and easy
See, all are using the innovation and creation of present inventive concept in the column of protection.
Embodiment 1
A kind of breeding method piercing rattan green pepper less, comprising the following steps:
(1) stock is cultivated
A, choose the age of tree 10 years or more, robust growth, no disease and pests harm, and the pericarpium zanthoxyli schinifolii or rattan green pepper conduct seed collecting mother that yield is high
Tree, after manually harvesting seed, dries in the shade and takes its seed, is impregnated 5~8 days with clear water, promotes rudiment；
B, by Soil tillage 20cm or more, then smooth location carries out soil with 70% thiophanate-methyl, 800 times of liquid sprinklings
Earth disinfection, then with plastic film covering sealing 5~7 days；
C, the soil after disinfection is arranged according to slope aspect, forms width 80cm, the seedbed of high 10cm, the length in seedbed according to
Depending on landform, furrow width 20cm, deep 10cm between seedbed are conducive to tending management and draining；
D, it is sowed in early September~mid-October, sows 40kg per acre, after sowing, covering thickness 1cm's is thin
Then soil spreads the straw of thick 1cm on fine earth, be conducive to fine earth surface heat preservation moisturizing, then water, finally with the arch of high 60cm
The covering of canopy film, is opened after coming up；
E, it after growth of seedling to 10cm, is classified, is transplanted in the plastic nutritional cup of 15 × 15cm according to height of seedling,
Nutrition cup is placed on the seedbed of wide 120cm with fine earth covering root then according to height of seedling size；
F, it except primary grass, pours within 3 days a water within 15 days, after seedling growth to 80cm, with secateurs cutting strunk, promotes nursery stock trunk thick
It is strong.Reinforce fertilizing management and the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control simultaneously, grows to 0.6cm or more to nursery stock base diameter, can be grafted；
(2) scion selects
A, selecting the age of tree is 6 years or more, and robust growth, sprout are full, no disease and pests harm, degree of lignification is high, internode is short
Shoot apex young sprout (including terminal bud) is used as scion, cuttings length 12cm by rattan green pepper select tree annotinous branch, and base diameter is
0.4cm contains 4~6 buds (including terminal bud), cuts off blade, fringe bar marshalling is quickly impregnated using clear water, is subsequently placed in
It on wet towel, and is packed into 595mm × 410mm × 325mm plastic crate, finally covers one layer on plastic crate surface again
Wet towel, is convenient for moisturizing and transport；
B, the petiole of fringe bar, top are cut off, sparse spinule of erasing is classified, often according to fringe bar base diameter size
50 plants of bundlings are packed into plastic crate, and sprinkling clear water is primary, is then blocked with wet towel, are put in 5 DEG C of shady places and are saved；
(3) stock is handled
The cutting strunk at stock trunk from the ground 16cm, and the prickle on trunk is erased, then at trunk from the ground 8cm,
It selects trunk even surface side, to cut downwards, formation length is the smooth ramp of 4cm, makes the micro- exposing xylem of trunk, then flat
Slideway bottom retains length for 0.8cm and is cut bark；
(4) scion is handled
Fringe bar lower cut-out is cut off, reservation cuttings length is 10cm, is contained 4~5 buds (including terminal bud), under selecting in fringe bar
Portion one smoothly locates, the smooth ramp that cutting formation length is 4cm, and in fringe bar base portion side, reserves a bud, micro- exposing is wooden
Portion, then at its back side according to 45 ° of one short faces of beveling；
(5) it grafts
Mid-November to during late December, stock incision is inserted into the scion handled well, meanwhile, stock incision
The bark of reservation wraps up scion bottom upwards, both makes forming layer alignment, and finally with long 30cm, the film band of wide 1.5cm is tightened,
When binding, the bud of fringe bar base portion side is reserved, is convenient for normal growth；
(6) heat and moisture preserving；
By the nutritive cup seedlings after grafting, it is put into wide 3.2m, growth in the plastic canopy of high 2.5m first covers one layer of mulch,
It is taken after 20 days, and covers two layers of sunshade net on a plastic film, to prevent frost；
(7) temperature controls
Plastic canopy temperature is controlled at 5 DEG C, when temperature of shed is more than 20 DEG C or more, need to be raised film, aeration-cooling；
(8) it removes and sprouts
After the bud in grafting fringe bar is sprouted, to remove extra sprout tillers on stock in time, such as find that scion is dead, sprout
Bud can retain a part, so that the later period carries out reconfiguration；
(9) flower thinning
After the sprouting of grafting young sprout, if there is female flower to erase early；
(10) pinching
When the terminal bud young sprout of grafting grows 30cm, timely pinching；
(11) nursery stock transplanting
When grafting side shoot young sprout grows to 5~10cm, can be out of the garden, transplanting to field；
(12) staking
When seedling growth is to 30~40cm, with bamboo pole staking, then nursery stock is fixed with plastic ties；
(13) grafting membrane is removed
After nursery stock transplanting 40~50 days, grafting membrane is scratched with knife；
(14) branch is determined in shaping
It as 20~30cm of collateral generation, carries out shaping and determines branch, retain 3~4 side shoots, remove extra young sprout, choosing is strong to go
It is weak, in conjunction with collateral generation direction, drawing branch is carried out with plastic ties；
(15) after seedling planting 60 days, the stock trunk of graft union or more is cut off with secateurs；
(16) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control is carried out according to a conventional method, finally reinforces water and fertilizer management, and timely tillage and weeding promotes young sprout raw
It is long, it can cultivate to obtain the first generation and pierce rattan green pepper less；
(17) it according to step (1)~(16) process, is pierced in rattan green pepper less from from the first generation, one in selection the age of tree 2 years or more
Year life branch is grafted as scion to stock, is cultivated the second generation and is pierced rattan green pepper less；Rattan is pierced less according still further to the second generation is cultivated
The process of green pepper continues engrafting and cultivating, and finally cultivation obtains the third generation and pierces rattan green pepper (as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2) less.
Embodiment 2
A kind of breeding method piercing rattan green pepper less, comprising the following steps:
(1) stock is cultivated
A, choose the age of tree 10 years or more, robust growth, no disease and pests harm, and the pericarpium zanthoxyli schinifolii or rattan green pepper conduct seed collecting mother that yield is high
Tree, after manually harvesting seed, dries in the shade and takes its seed, is impregnated 5~8 days with clear water, promotes rudiment；
B, by Soil tillage 20cm or more, then smooth location carries out soil with 70% thiophanate-methyl, 1000 times of liquid sprinklings
Earth disinfection, then with plastic film covering sealing 5~7 days；
C, the soil after disinfection is arranged according to slope aspect, forms width 100cm, the seedbed of high 15cm, the length in seedbed
Depending on landform, furrow width 30cm, deep 15cm between seedbed are conducive to tending management and draining；
D, it is sowed in early September~mid-October, sows 45kg per acre, after sowing, covering thickness 2cm's is thin
Then soil spreads the straw of thick 2cm on fine earth, be conducive to fine earth surface heat preservation moisturizing, then water, finally with the arch of high 80cm
The covering of canopy film, is opened after coming up；
E, it after growth of seedling to 10cm, is classified, is transplanted in the plastic nutritional cup of 15 × 15cm according to height of seedling,
Nutrition cup is placed on the seedbed of wide 130cm with fine earth covering root then according to height of seedling size；
F, it except primary grass, pours within 3 days a water within 15 days, after seedling growth to 80cm, with secateurs cutting strunk, promotes nursery stock trunk thick
It is strong.Reinforce fertilizing management and the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control simultaneously, grows to 0.6cm or more to nursery stock base diameter, can be grafted；
(2) scion selects
A, it selects the age of tree 6 years or more, robust growth, sprout be full, no disease and pests harm, the rattan that degree of lignification is high, internode is short
Shoot apex young sprout (including terminal bud) is used as scion, cuttings length 15cm by green pepper select tree annotinous branch, and base diameter is
0.8cm contains 4~6 buds (including terminal bud), cuts off blade, fringe bar marshalling is quickly impregnated using clear water, is subsequently placed in
It on wet towel, and is packed into 595mm × 410mm × 325mm plastic crate, finally covers one layer on plastic crate surface again
Wet towel, is convenient for moisturizing and transport；
B, the petiole of fringe bar, top are cut off, sparse spinule of erasing is classified, often according to fringe bar base diameter size
50 plants of bundlings are packed into plastic crate, and sprinkling clear water is primary, is then blocked with wet towel, are put in 5 DEG C of shady places and are saved；
(3) stock is handled
The cutting strunk at stock trunk from the ground 20cm, and the prickle on trunk is erased, then at trunk from the ground 10cm,
It selects trunk even surface side, to cut downwards, formation length is the smooth ramp of 6cm, makes the micro- exposing xylem of trunk, then flat
Slideway bottom retains length for 1.0cm and is cut bark；
(4) scion is handled
Fringe bar lower cut-out is cut off, reservation cuttings length is 12cm, is contained 4~5 buds (including terminal bud), under selecting in fringe bar
Portion one smoothly locates, the smooth ramp that cutting formation length is 6cm, and in fringe bar base portion side, reserves a bud, micro- exposing is wooden
Portion, then at its back side according to 45 ° of one short faces of beveling；
(5) it grafts
Mid-November to during late December, stock incision is inserted into the scion handled well, meanwhile, stock incision
The bark of reservation wraps up scion bottom upwards, both makes forming layer alignment, and finally with long 30cm, the film band of wide 1.5cm is tightened,
When binding, the bud of fringe bar base portion side is reserved, is convenient for normal growth；
(6) heat and moisture preserving；
By the nutritive cup seedlings after grafting, it is put into wide 3.5m, growth in the plastic canopy of high 3.0m first covers one layer of mulch,
It is taken after 20 days, and covers two layers of sunshade net on a plastic film, to prevent frost；
(7) temperature controls
Plastic canopy temperature is controlled at 20 DEG C, when temperature of shed is more than 20 DEG C or more, need to be raised film, aeration-cooling；
(8) it removes and sprouts
After the bud in grafting fringe bar is sprouted, to remove extra sprout tillers on stock in time, such as find that scion is dead, sprout
Bud can retain a part, so that the later period carries out reconfiguration；
(9) flower thinning
After the sprouting of grafting young sprout, if there is female flower to erase early；
(10) pinching
When the terminal bud young sprout of grafting grows 30cm, timely pinching；
(11) nursery stock transplanting
When grafting side shoot young sprout grows to 5~10cm, can be out of the garden, transplanting to field；
(12) staking
When seedling growth is to 30~40cm, with bamboo pole staking, then nursery stock is fixed with plastic ties；
(13) grafting membrane is removed
After nursery stock transplanting 40~50 days, grafting membrane is scratched with knife；
(14) branch is determined in shaping
It as 20~30cm of collateral generation, carries out shaping and determines branch, retain 3~4 side shoots, remove extra young sprout, choosing is strong to go
It is weak, in conjunction with collateral generation direction, drawing branch is carried out with plastic ties；
(15) after seedling planting 60 days, the stock trunk of graft union or more is cut off with secateurs；
(16) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control is carried out according to a conventional method, finally reinforces water and fertilizer management, and timely tillage and weeding promotes young sprout raw
It is long, it can cultivate to obtain the first generation and pierce rattan green pepper less；
(17) it according to step (1)~(16) process, is pierced in rattan green pepper less from from the first generation, one in selection the age of tree 2 years or more
Year life branch is grafted as scion to stock, is cultivated the second generation and is pierced rattan green pepper less；Rattan is pierced less according still further to the second generation is cultivated
The process of green pepper continues engrafting and cultivating, and finally cultivation obtains the third generation and pierces rattan green pepper less.
Embodiment 3
A kind of breeding method piercing rattan green pepper less, comprising the following steps:
(1) stock is cultivated
A, choose the age of tree 10 years or more, robust growth, no disease and pests harm, and the pericarpium zanthoxyli schinifolii or rattan green pepper conduct seed collecting mother that yield is high
Tree, after manually harvesting seed, dries in the shade and takes its seed, is impregnated 5~8 days with clear water, promotes rudiment；
B, by Soil tillage 20cm or more, then smooth location carries out soil with 70% thiophanate-methyl, 900 times of liquid sprinklings
Earth disinfection, then with plastic film covering sealing 5~7 days；
C, the soil after disinfection is arranged according to slope aspect, forms width 90cm, the seedbed of high 12cm, the length in seedbed according to
Depending on landform, furrow width 28cm, deep 12cm between seedbed are conducive to tending management and draining；
D, it is sowed in early September~mid-October, sows 43kg per acre, after sowing, covering thickness 1cm's is thin
Then soil spreads the straw of thick 1cm on fine earth, be conducive to fine earth surface heat preservation moisturizing, then water, finally with the arch of high 65cm
The covering of canopy film, is opened after coming up；
E, it after growth of seedling to 10cm, is classified, is transplanted in the plastic nutritional cup of 15 × 15cm according to height of seedling,
Nutrition cup is placed on the seedbed of wide 120cm with fine earth covering root then according to height of seedling size；
F, it except primary grass, pours within 3 days a water within 15 days, after seedling growth to 80cm, with secateurs cutting strunk, promotes nursery stock trunk thick
It is strong.Reinforce fertilizing management and the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control simultaneously, grows to 0.6cm or more to nursery stock base diameter, can be grafted；
(2) scion selects
A, it selects the age of tree 6 years or more, robust growth, sprout be full, no disease and pests harm, the rattan that degree of lignification is high, internode is short
Shoot apex young sprout (including terminal bud) is used as scion, cuttings length 13cm by green pepper select tree annotinous branch, and base diameter is
0.5cm contains 4~6 buds (including terminal bud), cuts off blade, fringe bar marshalling is quickly impregnated using clear water, is subsequently placed in
It on wet towel, and is packed into 595mm × 410mm × 325mm plastic crate, finally covers one layer on plastic crate surface again
Wet towel, is convenient for moisturizing and transport；
B, the petiole of fringe bar, top are cut off, sparse spinule of erasing is classified, often according to fringe bar base diameter size
50 plants of bundlings are packed into plastic crate, and sprinkling clear water is primary, is then blocked with wet towel, are put in 5 DEG C of shady places and are saved；
(3) stock is handled
The cutting strunk at stock trunk from the ground 18cm, and the prickle on trunk is erased, then at trunk from the ground 9cm,
It selects trunk even surface side, to cut downwards, formation length is the smooth ramp of 5cm, makes the micro- exposing xylem of trunk, then flat
Slideway bottom retains length for 0.9cm and is cut bark；
(4) scion is handled
Fringe bar lower cut-out is cut off, reservation cuttings length is 10cm, is contained 4~5 buds (including terminal bud), under selecting in fringe bar
Portion one smoothly locates, the smooth ramp that cutting formation length is 5cm, and in fringe bar base portion side, reserves a bud, micro- exposing is wooden
Portion, then at its back side according to 45 ° of one short faces of beveling；
(5) it grafts
Mid-November to during late December, stock incision is inserted into the scion handled well, meanwhile, stock incision
The bark of reservation wraps up scion bottom upwards, both makes forming layer alignment, and finally with long 30cm, the film band of wide 1.5cm is tightened,
When binding, the bud of fringe bar base portion side is reserved, is convenient for normal growth；
(6) heat and moisture preserving；
By the nutritive cup seedlings after grafting, it is put into wide 3.2~3.5m, growth in the plastic canopy of high 2.5~3.0m first covers
It is taken after one layer of mulch, 20 days, and covers two layers of sunshade net on a plastic film, to prevent frost；
(7) temperature controls
Plastic canopy temperature is controlled at 10 DEG C, when temperature of shed is more than 20 DEG C or more, need to be raised film, aeration-cooling；
(8) it removes and sprouts
After the bud in grafting fringe bar is sprouted, to remove extra sprout tillers on stock in time, such as find that scion is dead, sprout
Bud can retain a part, so that the later period carries out reconfiguration；
(9) flower thinning
After the sprouting of grafting young sprout, if there is female flower to erase early；
(10) pinching
When the terminal bud young sprout of grafting grows 30cm, timely pinching；
(11) nursery stock transplanting
When grafting side shoot young sprout grows to 5~10cm, can be out of the garden, transplanting to field；
(12) staking
When seedling growth is to 30~40cm, with bamboo pole staking, then nursery stock is fixed with plastic ties；
(13) grafting membrane is removed
After nursery stock transplanting 40~50 days, grafting membrane is scratched with knife；
(14) branch is determined in shaping
It as 20~30cm of collateral generation, carries out shaping and determines branch, retain 3~4 side shoots, remove extra young sprout, choosing is strong to go
It is weak, in conjunction with collateral generation direction, drawing branch is carried out with plastic ties；
(15) after seedling planting 60 days, the stock trunk of graft union or more is cut off with secateurs；
(16) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control is carried out according to a conventional method, finally reinforces water and fertilizer management, and timely tillage and weeding promotes young sprout raw
It is long, it can cultivate to obtain the first generation and pierce rattan green pepper less；
(17) it according to step (1)~(16) process, is pierced in rattan green pepper less from from the first generation, one in selection the age of tree 2 years or more
Year life branch is grafted as scion to stock, is cultivated the second generation and is pierced rattan green pepper less；Rattan is pierced less according still further to the second generation is cultivated
The process of green pepper continues engrafting and cultivating, and finally cultivation obtains the third generation and pierces rattan green pepper less.
Few thorn rattan green pepper that the present invention cultivates, compared with traditional rattan green pepper (seedling), this pierces rattan green pepper trunk, branch thorn less
Rare and short, thorn few 80% or more, thorn is wide small by 30%, and thorn length is small by 35%, and thorn spacing is big, rachis thorn and blade thorn few 100%, fiber crops
Monosodium glutamate, volatile oil are high, and fragrance is good.Therefore, thorn rattan green pepper can not only improve picking fruit efficiency less, reduce labour cost, increase agriculture
Family income, and the yield and quality of rattan green pepper can be improved, promote the sustainable development of rattan green pepper industry.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of breeding method for piercing rattan green pepper less, which comprises the following steps:
(1) stock is cultivated
The pericarpium zanthoxyli schinifolii or rattan green pepper for choosing the age of tree 10 years or more are collected seed, then sowed early September~mid-October to
In soil after sterile-processed, then cladding thickness is the fine earth of 1~2cm, then spills on fine earth upper berth with a thickness of 1~2cm's
Straw, watering, after growth of seedling is greater than 60cm to height, secateurs cutting strunk, to nursery stock continued growth, by 2~3 cutting strunks,
Seedling height control is in 60cm, until seedling base diameter grows to and can be used as stock greater than 0.6cm；
(2) stock is handled
The cutting strunk at stock trunk from the ground 16~20cm, and erase the prickle on trunk, then in trunk 8~10cm from the ground
Place selects trunk even surface side, to cut downwards, and formation length is the smooth ramp of 4~6cm, makes the micro- exposing xylem of trunk,
Again in smooth ramp bottom, retains length for 0.8~1.0cm and cut bark；
(3) scion selects
The rattan green pepper annotinous branch that the age of tree is 6 years or more is chosen, the young sprout that 4~6 buds are contained including terminal bud, which is used as, to be connect
Then fringe cuts off the petiole of scion, top, sparse spinule of erasing, and moisturizing of spraying water, and is stored in 0~5 DEG C and is protected from light place；
(4) scion is handled
The smooth place of selection one in scion middle and lower part, the smooth ramp that cutting formation length is 4~6cm, and in fringe bar base portion side,
A bud, micro- exposing xylem are reserved, then forms inclined-plane according to 45 ° of bevelings at its back side；
(5) it grafts
Mid-November to during late December, fringe bar is inserted into stock incision, the bark of reservation wraps up scion bottom upwards,
After making the two forming layer alignment, bundled；
(6) final-period management
After the completion of grafting, final-period management is carried out to grafting, cultivation obtains the first generation and pierces rattan green pepper less；
(7) multi-generation grafting
It by step (1)~(6) the method, is pierced in rattan green pepper less from the first generation, annotinous branch conduct the in selection age of tree 2 years or more
Scion, and grafted to stock, it cultivates the second generation and pierces rattan green pepper less；The process for piercing rattan green pepper less according still further to the cultivation second generation continues
Engrafting and cultivating is carried out, finally cultivates and obtains few thorn rattan green pepper.
2. the breeding method according to claim 1 for piercing rattan green pepper less, which is characterized in that disinfected described in step (1)
Detailed process are as follows: by Soil tillage 20cm or more, then smooth location, with 70% thiophanate-methyl, 800~1000 times of liquid sprays
It spills, then with plastic film covering sealing 5~7 days.
3. the breeding method according to claim 1 for piercing rattan green pepper less, which is characterized in that step is also wrapped prior to seeding in (1)
It includes and seedbed processing, detailed process is carried out to the soil after disinfection are as follows: according to slope aspect, arranges and form wide 80~100cm, high by 10~
The seedbed of 15cm, 20~30cm of furrow width between seedbed, deep 10~15cm.
4. the breeding method according to claim 1 for piercing rattan green pepper less, which is characterized in that the tool of moisturizing described in step (2)
Body process are as follows: scion is packed into plastic crate, then sprays clear water, and cover moisturizing with wet towel.
5. the breeding method according to claim 1 for piercing rattan green pepper less, which is characterized in that when being bundled in step (5), answer
The bud for reserving fringe bar base portion side is avoided to bundle to interior.
6. the breeding method according to claim 1 for piercing rattan green pepper less, which is characterized in that final-period management described in step (6)
Including heat and moisture preserving, temperature control, except sprout, branch and the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control are determined in flower thinning, pinching, nursery stock transplanting, shaping.
7. the breeding method according to claim 1 for piercing rattan green pepper less, which is characterized in that is finally obtained in step (7) lacks
Thorn rattan green pepper is that the third generation pierces rattan green pepper less.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910217460.2A CN109757284A (en) | 2019-03-21 | 2019-03-21 | A kind of breeding method piercing rattan green pepper less |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910217460.2A CN109757284A (en) | 2019-03-21 | 2019-03-21 | A kind of breeding method piercing rattan green pepper less |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN109757284A true CN109757284A (en) | 2019-05-17 |
Family
ID=66458637
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910217460.2A Pending CN109757284A (en) | 2019-03-21 | 2019-03-21 | A kind of breeding method piercing rattan green pepper less |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN109757284A (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110892843A (en) * | 2019-12-03 | 2020-03-20 | 务川自治县花园益农种养农民专业合作社 | Method for cultivating pepper |
| CN111771602A (en) * | 2020-08-27 | 2020-10-16 | 遵义勇乐果蔬种植专业合作社 | Grafting cultivation method for pepper |
| CN111937666A (en) * | 2020-08-24 | 2020-11-17 | 衡东县远鹏黄贡椒有限公司 | High-efficiency cultivation method for rattan pepper |
| CN114766223A (en) * | 2022-06-01 | 2022-07-22 | 云南省林业和草原科学院 | Application of bur Chinese prickly ash as stock in cultivating bamboo leaf Chinese prickly ash grafted seedlings |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1363208A (en) * | 2002-02-05 | 2002-08-14 | 兴山县农业局 | Asexual reproduction method of Chinese prickly ash tree |
| CN102037847A (en) * | 2010-11-23 | 2011-05-04 | 陈继国 | Asexual reproduction method for stingless pepper |
| CN102668891A (en) * | 2012-03-23 | 2012-09-19 | 李明远 | Method for cultivating thornless Chinese pricklyash tree |
| CN103270861A (en) * | 2013-04-08 | 2013-09-04 | 西北农林科技大学 | Method for cultivating stingless prickly ash strain |
| CN105493903A (en) * | 2015-12-15 | 2016-04-20 | 绵阳骏峰农业科技开发有限公司 | Planting method of thorn-free pepper |
| CN106613365A (en) * | 2016-10-14 | 2017-05-10 | 四川农业大学 | Grafting method for accelerating early fruiting and high yield of Zanthoxylum Schinifolium et Zucc |
-
2019
- 2019-03-21 CN CN201910217460.2A patent/CN109757284A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1363208A (en) * | 2002-02-05 | 2002-08-14 | 兴山县农业局 | Asexual reproduction method of Chinese prickly ash tree |
| CN102037847A (en) * | 2010-11-23 | 2011-05-04 | 陈继国 | Asexual reproduction method for stingless pepper |
| CN102668891A (en) * | 2012-03-23 | 2012-09-19 | 李明远 | Method for cultivating thornless Chinese pricklyash tree |
| CN103270861A (en) * | 2013-04-08 | 2013-09-04 | 西北农林科技大学 | Method for cultivating stingless prickly ash strain |
| CN105493903A (en) * | 2015-12-15 | 2016-04-20 | 绵阳骏峰农业科技开发有限公司 | Planting method of thorn-free pepper |
| CN106613365A (en) * | 2016-10-14 | 2017-05-10 | 四川农业大学 | Grafting method for accelerating early fruiting and high yield of Zanthoxylum Schinifolium et Zucc |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110892843A (en) * | 2019-12-03 | 2020-03-20 | 务川自治县花园益农种养农民专业合作社 | Method for cultivating pepper |
| CN111937666A (en) * | 2020-08-24 | 2020-11-17 | 衡东县远鹏黄贡椒有限公司 | High-efficiency cultivation method for rattan pepper |
| CN111771602A (en) * | 2020-08-27 | 2020-10-16 | 遵义勇乐果蔬种植专业合作社 | Grafting cultivation method for pepper |
| CN114766223A (en) * | 2022-06-01 | 2022-07-22 | 云南省林业和草原科学院 | Application of bur Chinese prickly ash as stock in cultivating bamboo leaf Chinese prickly ash grafted seedlings |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| Palada et al. | Suggested cultural practices for Moringa | |
| Nelson | Noni cultivation in Hawaii | |
| CN103749238A (en) | Variety breeding and early-season high-yield cultivation technology for actinidia arguta | |
| CN102771297B (en) | Method for cultivating cork oak seedlings | |
| Rattanpal et al. | Citrus cultivation in Punjab | |
| CN105766386A (en) | Method for controlling fruit cracking of citrus grandis(L .)Osbeck .CV .Duweiwendan through interstocks | |
| CN109757284A (en) | A kind of breeding method piercing rattan green pepper less | |
| Gough | Blueberries-North and south | |
| JPH10150847A (en) | Cultivation method for paradicsom paprika | |
| CN109744060A (en) | A kind of cultivation method of vine pepper with high replacement | |
| Okocha et al. | Horticultural crops production | |
| CN105830690A (en) | High-efficient interplanting method for Carya illinoensis and white tea | |
| Tewari et al. | Horticultural management of Syzygium cumini | |
| Hossain et al. | Jackfruit: artocarpus heterophyllus | |
| Barney | Currants, gooseberries, and jostaberries | |
| Hartmann et al. | HARTMAN~ | |
| Gobade | Production technology of carnation | |
| Červenski et al. | New farming models in backyards as possible solutions for generating additional income and self-employment in the rural cross-border area | |
| CN111789010A (en) | A method of intercropping roselle and pinellia | |
| Kishore et al. | Passion fruit | |
| NAIK et al. | Fundamentals of horticulture & production technology of fruit crops | |
| Galán Saúco et al. | Greenhouse cultivation. | |
| CN108812038A (en) | Planting method of organic jasmine | |
| CN109104931A (en) | A kind of implantation methods of long bean | |
| Snyder | Gardening in the upper Midwest |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Application publication date: 20190517 |
|
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |