CN104223088B - 一种葡萄籽多酚复合咀嚼片及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种葡萄籽多酚复合咀嚼片及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种葡萄籽多酚复合咀嚼片及其制备方法,属于食品深加工技术领域。本发明的葡萄籽多酚复合咀嚼片的主要成分为:葡萄籽多酚40份,甘草8-10份,草莓10-15份,杨梅5-10份,草莓和杨梅共计20份。其营养丰富,富含氨基酸、维生素、多酚、及钙铁等微量元素;富含多酚,具有抗氧化清除自由基,阻止自由基对人体细胞破坏的功效,保护人体器官和组织,防治心脏病、癌症、早衰、糖尿病、动脉硬化等由自由基所引起的疾病;味道好,酸甜适中,没有苦涩味,嚼后不仅没有酸涩残留,反而口留清甜余香;没有添加甜味剂,更加健康;同时具有预防、治疗口腔溃疡及消炎作用;储存期长。其制备方法,工艺简单,适合工厂化生产。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种葡萄籽多酚复合咀嚼片及其制备方法,属于食品深加工技术领域。
技术背景
葡萄籽是葡萄酿酒厂产生的下脚料,占整粒葡萄的5-7%,葡萄籽资源丰富,具有很高的使用价值,籽含有丰富的多种氨基酸、维生素、多酚等成分。葡萄籽中含有多酚类物质,去油后葡萄籽中多酚的含量高达60mg/g,主要组分为儿茶素类和原花青素类,儿茶素类化合物包含儿茶素、表儿茶素及没食子酸酯。多酚具有抗氧化清除自由基,阻止自由基对人体细胞破坏的功效,保护人体器官和组织,防治心脏病、癌症、早衰、糖尿病、动脉硬化等100多种由自由基所引起的疾病。
但是,葡萄籽多酚的苦涩味非常明显;相应的制备成的咀嚼片口感不好,难以咀嚼下咽,且颜色为土黄色,具有明显的苦涩味。目前,通常添加比例很高的山梨醇、乳糖、葡萄糖、麦芽糖等调味剂掩盖葡萄籽的苦涩感,这些调味剂本身的甜度或者口感不容易被接受,对牙齿不好,而且吃完咀嚼片之后口中残留有酸涩感。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种味道好且健康的葡萄籽多酚咀嚼片。
杨梅是我国专有的亚热带水果,具有中药属性,有止咳、断下痢、祛痰止呕吐、健脾开胃的功效。杨梅色彩鲜亮,口感酸甜可口,但成熟期集中,易掉落,储存保鲜困难,因此选择合适加工方式非常急需。杨梅粉中多酚、活性多糖的含量非常高,多酚含量能达到30mg/g,活性多糖含量能达到150mg/g;另外,杨梅中含有较高的膳食纤维、维生素C、E及微量元素等。将干燥的杨梅粉添加到葡萄籽多酚中制成咀嚼片,能充分利用杨梅中的有效成分,提高咀嚼片中多酚、多酚、膳食纤维、维生素C、E及微量元素等有效成分的单位含量;大大丰富了咀嚼片的营养,提高了营养素含量。而且能有效减轻葡萄籽多酚带来的苦涩味道,但是并不能完全覆盖苦涩味道不仅能很好的改善咀嚼片的口感。
草莓同杨梅一样酸甜可口,且全果可食。含有特殊的浓郁水果芳香,具有帮助消化、巩固齿龈、润泽喉部的作用。草莓中糖的含量达到8-9%,多酚含量25mg/g,维生素C、苹果酸、柠檬酸、胡萝卜素、钙、铁等含量较高。将干燥的草莓粉添加到葡萄籽多酚中制成咀嚼片,能充分利用草莓中的有效成分,有效降低葡萄籽多酚带来的苦涩味道。
本发明通过长期实验研究发现,将杨梅粉和草莓粉按照特定比例同时加到葡萄籽多酚中制成咀嚼片,则能完全覆盖葡萄籽多酚带来的苦涩味道。但是,这样制成的咀嚼片,其酸度稍高,如果加入蔗糖等调味剂,则会导致吃完咀嚼片之后口中有酸涩感。而加入一定量甘草之后,不但能有效降低酸度,使得咀嚼片酸甜适中,而且吃完咀嚼片之后的口中有淡淡清甜。
本发明的技术方案
一种葡萄籽多酚复合咀嚼片,其主要成分为:葡萄籽多酚40份,甘草8-10份,草莓10-15份,杨梅5-10份,草莓和杨梅共计20份;所述份为重量份。
上述葡萄籽多酚复合咀嚼片,还含有制备咀嚼片可添加的成型剂和定型剂。
所述成型剂为:麦芽糊精或玉米淀粉,占主要成分总质量的10-20%;阿拉伯胶、PVP(聚乙烯吡咯烷酮,K30)中的一种或者两种以上,占主要成分总质量的3-8%;或预胶化淀粉,占主要成分总质量的5-15%。
所述定型剂为硬脂酸镁,占主要成分总质量的0.5-1.0%。
上述葡萄籽多酚复合咀嚼片,优选的,萄籽多酚40份,甘草10份,草莓15份,杨梅5份。
一种上述葡萄籽多酚复合咀嚼片的制备方法,将葡萄籽多酚、甘草粉、杨梅粉、草莓粉和成型剂按比例混匀,然后加入水制软材,再将软料造粒、干燥,最后加入定型剂压片即得产品。
其中,所述甘草粉、杨梅粉、草莓粉均为200目以上。
上述制备方法,所述软材是指手紧握能成团,用手指压能裂开;所述造粒是指将软材过15-40目筛;所述干燥是指在50-70℃下烘干至水分含量为3-5wt%;所述压片是将造好、干燥后的粒与硬脂酸镁充分混合,然后在压片机上压成咀嚼片,所述咀嚼片的硬度为>55。
上述制备方法,
所用葡萄籽多酚优选采用下述方法制备而成:
将收集的葡萄籽在清水中浸洗1-3min,除去泥沙和漂浮物,然后晾干;将超临界萃取籽油后的剩余部分超微粉碎,然后按照1g:5~40ml的料液比加入质量浓度为浓度为40-60%乙醇溶液,常温下以200-400W超声0.5-2h,过滤去除残渣得到上清液;将上清液浓缩后冷冻干燥即得葡萄籽多酚;
所用草莓粉优选采用下述方法制备而成:
选择新鲜、成熟、风味好、酸甜度适宜的草莓,剔除霉烂果、病虫果及杂质等;将选好的草莓在清水中浸泡1-3min,除去泥沙及漂浮物;将沥干水后的草莓切成0.1~0.5cm×1~2cm块状,用均质机均质打浆,冷冻干燥即得草莓粉;
所用杨梅粉优选采用下述方法制备而成:
选择新鲜、成熟、风味好、酸甜度适宜的杨梅,剔除霉烂果、病虫果及杂质等;将选好的杨梅在清水中浸泡1-3min,除去泥沙及漂浮物;将沥干水后的杨梅去除核,然后切成0.1~0.5cm×1~2cm块状,用均质机均质打浆,冷冻干燥成得到所需的杨梅粉。
有益效果
本发明的葡萄籽多酚复合咀嚼片:营养丰富,富含氨基酸、维生素、多酚、及钙铁等微量元素;富含多酚,具有抗氧化清除自由基,阻止自由基对人体细胞破坏的功效,保护人体器官和组织,防治心脏病、癌症、早衰、糖尿病、动脉硬化等100多种由自由基所引起的疾病;味道好,酸甜适中,没有苦涩味,嚼后不仅没有酸涩残留,反而口留清甜余香;没有添加甜味剂,更加健康;同时具有预防、治疗口腔溃疡及消炎作用;储存期长。本发明的制备方法,原料易得,工艺简单,适合工厂化生产。
具体实施方式
实施例1
(1)葡萄籽多酚的制备。收集的葡萄籽在清水中浸洗1-3min,除去泥沙和漂浮物,然后晾干,采用超临界萃取法去除籽油后的部分,超微粉碎达到400目,然后按照料液比(g:ml)为1:40加入50%乙醇溶液,常温250W超声1.5h,过滤去除残渣得到上清液,浓缩后冷冻干燥得到所需的葡萄籽多酚。
(2)草莓粉的制备。选择新鲜、成熟、风味后,酸甜度适宜的原料,剔除霉烂果、病虫果及杂质等。将选好的草莓在清水中浸泡1-3min,除去泥沙及漂浮物。将沥干水后的草莓切成0.3cm×1cm的块状,采用均质机打浆,冷冻干燥成粉状,过400目筛,得到所需的草莓粉。
(3)杨梅粉的制备。选择新鲜、成熟、风味后,酸甜度适宜的杨梅,剔除霉烂果、病虫果及杂质等。将选好的杨梅在清水中浸泡1-3min,除去泥沙及漂浮物。将沥干水后的杨梅去除核,然后切成0.5cm×1cm的块状,采用均质机打浆,冷冻干燥成粉状,过400目筛,得到所需的杨梅粉。
(4)甘草粉的制备。将中药材原料甘草清洗、晾干,先粗粉碎至80目,然后超微粉碎至400目;得到甘草粉。
(5)将葡萄籽多酚、甘草粉、草莓粉和杨梅粉按照40:10:15:5的质量比例混合,然后加入麦芽糊精15%、预胶化淀粉5%、阿拉伯胶5%混匀,再加入3%水搅拌均匀制备成软材(所述制备的软材达到的程度为用手紧握能成团,用手指压能裂开);制备的软材过20目筛制粒,然后在60℃条件下烘干,水分含量控制在3%,然后过20目筛去除碎掉的部分。
(6)将造好的粒,加入1.0%的硬脂酸镁,充分混合,然后在压片机上压成咀嚼片。
其中,麦芽糊精、预胶化淀粉、阿拉伯胶、硬脂酸镁及水的百分含量均以葡萄籽多酚、甘草粉、草莓粉和杨梅粉的总质量为基准。
实施例2
采用实施例1制备的葡萄籽多酚、甘草粉、草莓粉和杨梅粉;将葡萄籽多酚、甘草粉、草莓粉和杨梅粉按照40:10:10:10的质量比例混合,然后加入麦芽糊精15%、预胶化淀粉5%、阿拉伯胶5%混匀,再加入3%水搅拌均匀制备成软材(所述制备的软材达到的程度为用手紧握能成团,用手指压能裂开);制备的软材过20目筛制粒,然后在60℃条件下烘干,水分含量控制在3%,然后过20目筛去除碎掉的部分。将造好的粒,加入1.0%的硬脂酸镁,充分混合,然后在压片机上压成咀嚼片。其中,麦芽糊精、预胶化淀粉、阿拉伯胶、硬脂酸镁及水的百分含量均以葡萄籽多酚、甘草粉、草莓粉和杨梅粉的总质量为基准。
实施例3
采用实施例1制备的葡萄籽多酚、甘草粉、草莓粉和杨梅粉;将葡萄籽多酚、甘草粉、草莓粉和杨梅粉按照40:10:12:8的质量比例混合,然后加入麦芽糊精15%、预胶化淀粉5%、阿拉伯胶5%混匀,再加入3%水搅拌均匀制备成软材(所述制备的软材达到的程度为用手紧握能成团,用手指压能裂开);制备的软材过20目筛制粒,然后在60℃条件下烘干,水分含量控制在3%,然后过20目筛去除碎掉的部分。将造好的粒,加入1.0%的硬脂酸镁,充分混合,然后在压片机上压成咀嚼片。其中,麦芽糊精、预胶化淀粉、阿拉伯胶、硬脂酸镁及水的百分含量均以葡萄籽多酚、甘草粉、草莓粉和杨梅粉的总质量为基准。
实施例4
采用实施例1制备的葡萄籽多酚、甘草粉、草莓粉和杨梅粉;将葡萄籽多酚、甘草粉、草莓粉和杨梅粉按照40:8:15:5的质量比例混合,然后加入麦芽糊精15%、预胶化淀粉5%、阿拉伯胶5%混匀,再加入3%水搅拌均匀制备成软材(所述制备的软材达到的程度为用手紧握能成团,用手指压能裂开);制备的软材过20目筛制粒,然后在60℃条件下烘干,水分含量控制在3%,然后过20目筛去除碎掉的部分。将造好的粒,加入1.0%的硬脂酸镁,充分混合,然后在压片机上压成咀嚼片。其中,麦芽糊精、预胶化淀粉、阿拉伯胶、硬脂酸镁及水的百分含量均以葡萄籽多酚、甘草粉、草莓粉和杨梅粉的总质量为基准。
实施例5
采用实施例1制备的葡萄籽多酚、甘草粉、草莓粉和杨梅粉;将葡萄籽多酚、甘草粉、草莓粉和杨梅粉按照40:10:15:5的质量比例混合,然后加入玉米淀粉10%、预胶化淀粉15%、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮3%混匀,再加入3%水搅拌均匀制备成软材(所述制备的软材达到的程度为用手紧握能成团,用手指压能裂开);制备的软材过20目筛制粒,然后在60℃条件下烘干,水分含量控制在3%,然后过20目筛去除碎掉的部分。将造好的粒,加入0.5%的硬脂酸镁,充分混合,然后在压片机上压成咀嚼片。其中,麦芽糊精、预胶化淀粉、阿拉伯胶、硬脂酸镁及水的百分含量均以葡萄籽多酚、甘草粉、草莓粉和杨梅粉的总质量为基准。
对比例1
采用实施例1制备的葡萄籽多酚、草莓粉和杨梅粉;将葡萄籽多酚、草莓粉和杨梅粉按照40:15:5的质量比例混合,然后加入麦芽糊精15%、预胶化淀粉5%、阿拉伯胶5%混匀,再加入3%水搅拌均匀制备成软材(所述制备的软材达到的程度为用手紧握能成团,用手指压能裂开);制备的软材过20目筛制粒,然后在60℃条件下烘干,水分含量控制在3%,然后过20目筛去除碎掉的部分。将造好的粒,加入1.0%的硬脂酸镁,充分混合,然后在压片机上压成咀嚼片。其中,麦芽糊精、预胶化淀粉、阿拉伯胶、硬脂酸镁及水的百分含量均以葡萄籽多酚、草莓粉和杨梅粉的总质量为基准。
对比例2
采用实施例1制备的葡萄籽多酚、蔗糖、草莓粉和杨梅粉;将葡萄籽多酚、蔗糖、草莓粉和杨梅粉按照40:10:15:5的质量比例混合,然后加入麦芽糊精15%、预胶化淀粉5%、阿拉伯胶5%混匀,再加入3%水搅拌均匀制备成软材(所述制备的软材达到的程度为用手紧握能成团,用手指压能裂开);制备的软材过20目筛制粒,然后在60℃条件下烘干,水分含量控制在3%,然后过20目筛去除碎掉的部分。将造好的粒,加入1.0%的硬脂酸镁,充分混合,然后在压片机上压成咀嚼片。其中,麦芽糊精、预胶化淀粉、阿拉伯胶、硬脂酸镁及水的百分含量均以葡萄籽多酚、蔗糖、草莓粉和杨梅粉的总质量为基准。
对比例3
采用实施例1制备的葡萄籽多酚、甘草粉和杨梅粉;将葡萄籽多酚、甘草粉和杨梅粉按照40:10:10的质量比例混合,然后加入麦芽糊精15%、预胶化淀粉5%、阿拉伯胶5%混匀,再加入3%水搅拌均匀制备成软材(所述制备的软材达到的程度为用手紧握能成团,用手指压能裂开);制备的软材过20目筛制粒,然后在60℃条件下烘干,水分含量控制在3%,然后过20目筛去除碎掉的部分。将造好的粒,加入1.0%的硬脂酸镁,充分混合,然后在压片机上压成咀嚼片。其中,麦芽糊精、预胶化淀粉、阿拉伯胶、硬脂酸镁及水的百分含量均以葡萄籽多酚、甘草粉和杨梅粉的总质量为基准。
对比例4
采用实施例1制备的葡萄籽多酚、甘草粉和草莓粉;将葡萄籽多酚、甘草粉和草莓粉按照40:10:15的质量比例混合,然后加入麦芽糊精15%、预胶化淀粉5%、阿拉伯胶5%混匀,再加入3%水搅拌均匀制备成软材(所述制备的软材达到的程度为用手紧握能成团,用手指压能裂开);制备的软材过20目筛制粒,然后在60℃条件下烘干,水分含量控制在3%,然后过20目筛去除碎掉的部分。将造好的粒,加入1.0%的硬脂酸镁,充分混合,然后在压片机上压成咀嚼片。其中,麦芽糊精、预胶化淀粉、阿拉伯胶、硬脂酸镁及水的百分含量均以葡萄籽多酚、甘草粉和草莓粉的总质量为基准。
对比例5
采用实施例1制备的葡萄籽多酚和蔗糖;将葡萄籽多酚和蔗糖按照40:10的质量比例混合,然后加入麦芽糊精15%、预胶化淀粉5%、阿拉伯胶5%混匀,再加入3%水搅拌均匀制备成软材(所述制备的软材达到的程度为用手紧握能成团,用手指压能裂开);制备的软材过20目筛制粒,然后在60℃条件下烘干,水分含量控制在3%,然后过20目筛去除碎掉的部分。将造好的粒,加入1.0%的硬脂酸镁,充分混合,然后在压片机上压成咀嚼片。其中,麦芽糊精、预胶化淀粉、阿拉伯胶、硬脂酸镁及水的百分含量均以葡萄籽多酚和蔗糖的总质量为基准。
效果试验
由20名经过训练的质量感官评价员对实施例1-5、对比例1-5所制备的咀嚼片进行质量感官评定。评价范围:颜色(20分)、咀嚼时的气味(30分)、咀嚼后的余味(30分)、口感(20分)。每项评分为20位评价员评分的平均值,总评分为上述各项之和;评价结果如表1。评价标准:
颜色:不论是紫色还是玫红色,以颜色明亮为最佳,20分;
咀嚼时的气味:以具备浓郁水果香气,酸甜适中、无苦涩味为最佳,30分;
咀嚼后的余味:以无酸涩残留气味为最佳,30份;
口感:以脆度、硬度适中为最佳,20分。
表1:
。
Claims (7)
1.一种葡萄籽多酚复合咀嚼片,其特征在于,其主要成分为:葡萄籽多酚40份,甘草8-10份,草莓10-15份,杨梅5-10份,草莓和杨梅共计20份;
还含有制备咀嚼片可添加的成型剂和定型剂;所述成型剂为:麦芽糊精或玉米淀粉,占主要成分总质量的10-20%;阿拉伯胶、PVP中的一种或者两种,占主要成分总质量的3-8%;或预胶化淀粉,占主要成分总质量的5-15%;
所述份为重量份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的葡萄籽多酚复合咀嚼片,其特征在于,所述定型剂为硬脂酸镁,占主要成分总质量的0.5-1.0%。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的葡萄籽多酚复合咀嚼片,其特征在于,萄籽多酚40份,甘草10份,草莓15份,杨梅5份。
4.一种权利要求1~3中任意一项所述葡萄籽多酚复合咀嚼片的制备方法,其特征在于,将葡萄籽多酚、甘草粉、杨梅粉、草莓粉和成型剂按比例混匀,然后加入水制软材,再将软料造粒、干燥,最后加入定型剂压片即得产品。
5.根据权利要求4所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述甘草粉、杨梅粉、草莓粉均为200目以上。
6.根据权利要求4所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述软材是指手紧握能成团,用手指压能裂开;所述造粒是指将软材过15-40目筛;所述干燥是指在50-70℃下烘干至水分含量为3-5wt%;所述压片是将造好、干燥后的粒与硬脂酸镁充分混合,然后在压片机上压成咀嚼片,所述咀嚼片的硬度为>55。
7.根据权利要求4所述的制备方法,其特征在于,
所用葡萄籽多酚采用下述方法制备而成:
将收集的葡萄籽在清水中浸洗1-3min,除去泥沙和漂浮物,然后晾干;将超临界萃取籽油后的剩余部分超微粉碎,然后按照1g:5~40ml的料液比加入质量浓度为浓度为40-60%乙醇溶液,常温下以200-400W超声0.5-2h,过滤去除残渣得到上清液;将上清液浓缩后冷冻干燥即得葡萄籽多酚;
所用草莓粉采用下述方法制备而成:
选择新鲜、成熟、风味好、酸甜度适宜的草莓,剔除霉烂果、病虫果及杂质;将选好的草莓在清水中浸泡1-3min,除去泥沙及漂浮物;将沥干水后的草莓切成0.1~0.5cm×1~2cm块状,用均质机均质打浆,冷冻干燥即得草莓粉;
所用杨梅粉采用下述方法制备而成:
选择新鲜、成熟、风味好、酸甜度适宜的杨梅,剔除霉烂果、病虫果及杂质;将选好的杨梅在清水中浸泡1-3min,除去泥沙及漂浮物;将沥干水后的杨梅去除核,然后切成0.1~0.5cm×1~2cm块状,用均质机均质打浆,冷冻干燥成得到所需的杨梅粉。
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