Background technology
The pathogen of hemorrhagic disease of grass carp aquaticly exhales intestinal Vulpes virus, and be subordinate to and exhale intestinal Vulpes Viraceae, aquatic animal exhales intestinal Vulpes Tobamovirus, diameter 70 ~ 80nm, 20 body spheroidal particle, and the double-stranded RNA containing 11 fragments, exists different strains in different regions.
Hemorrhagic disease of grass carp was in Late Cambrian in 1970, and after this in the whole nation, each main fish farming area is popular in succession.Ctenopharyngodon idellus, Mylopharyngodon piceus all can be fallen ill, but main harm Ctenopharyngodon idellus, all can fall ill from the Ctenopharyngodon idellus of 2.5 ~ 15cm size, death rate of the onset is up to more than 80%, and the large Ctenopharyngodon idellus sometimes more than 2 full ages is also ill.In recent years, because immunization is ignored in various places, the morbidity of Ctenopharyngodon idellus virosis is in rising trend.
The Symptoms of hemorrhagic disease of grass carp is each organ of disease fish, tissue has not by the hyperemia of degree, bleeding, body colour is black dull, little fingerling is under sunlight or light perspective, visible subdermal muscle is congested, hemorrhage, lower jaw on the oral cavity of sick fish, head, around eye socket, the gill cover, the gill and fin ray base portion all congested, sometimes exophthalmos, divest the skin of fish, visible muscle is point-like or block congested, hemorrhage, time serious, whole-body muscle is cerise, intestinal wall is congested, but still tool toughness, enteral is without food, mesentery and peripheral adipose, fish glue, gallbladder, liver, spleen, kidney also has petechia or the blood streak.
At present, prevention hemorrhagic disease of grass carp many injections inactivated vaccine or cell weak-toxic strain vaccine, and in disinfectant such as morbidity season full pool spilling head chlorine dioxide, surfactants.But biological product is expensive, and use cost is high, and frequently occurs resistant strains, is difficult to the outburst of effectively control disease and spreads.Under this form, study a kind of pharmaceutical preparation for preventing and treating hemorrhagic disease of grass carp and just seem particularly necessary.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of Chinese medicine composition for preventing and treating hemorrhagic disease of grass carp.
Meanwhile, the present invention also provides a kind of preparation method of the Chinese medicine composition for preventing and treating hemorrhagic disease of grass carp.
In order to realize above object, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is:
For preventing and treating a Chinese medicine composition for hemorrhagic disease of grass carp, the crude drug primarily of following parts by weight forms: Radix Cyanotis vagae 70 ~ 130 parts, Radix Isatidis 150 ~ 250 parts, Radix Scutellariae 150 ~ 250 parts, Radix Et Rhizoma Rhei 70 ~ 130 parts, Rhizoma Coptidis 150 ~ 250 parts, 70 ~ 130 parts, Radix Glycyrrhizae.
Preferably, a kind of Chinese medicine composition for preventing and treating hemorrhagic disease of grass carp, the crude drug primarily of following parts by weight forms: Radix Cyanotis vagae 100 parts, Radix Isatidis 200 parts, Radix Scutellariae 200 parts, Radix Et Rhizoma Rhei 100 parts, Rhizoma Coptidis 200 parts, 100 parts, Radix Glycyrrhizae.
Each crude drug effect is summarized as follows:
Radix Cyanotis vagae: be the whole herb with root of grass family Eragrostis plant dust-brand Herba Eragrostidis pilosae; Nature and flavor are pungent, warm, micro-hardship; Energy heat clearing away, cough-relieving, analgesia; Cure mainly pertussis, dysentery etc.
Radix Isatidis: be the root of Cruciferae Isatis indigotica Fort. platymiscium Isatis indigotica Fort.; Containing indigo, indirubin and several amino acids, as arginine, glutamic acid etc., also containing plurality of active ingredients such as sinigrin, indigo glycosides, couroupitine As; Radix Isatidis nature and flavor are bitter, cold, GUIXIN, lung.Liver, stomach warp; Energy heat clearing away, removing toxic substances, removing heat from blood, sore-throat relieving; Cure mainly anemopyretic cold, influenza, epidemic encephalitis, encephalitis b, major part pestilence, scarlet fever, wait disease separately; Modern pharmacology proves that Radix Isatidis has antibacterium, antiviral, antiendotoxin, the effect such as anticancer, has regulating action to immune system simultaneously.
Radix Scutellariae: be the root of Labiatae Scutellaria plant Radix Scutellariae; Containing flavone compound as baicalin, skullcapflavone I, skullcapflavone II, baicalin, wogonin, chrysin etc., also containing plurality of active ingredients such as cupreol, campesterol and stigmasterol; Radix Scutellariae nature and flavor are bitter, cold; Return lung, the heart, liver, gallbladder, large intestine channel; Energy clearing away heat-fire, dampness removing toxic substances, hemostasis, antiabortive; Cure mainly cough due to lung-heat, calentura unconsciousness due to high fever, liver-fire is had a headache, conjunctival congestion and swelling pain, jaundice due to damp-heat, dysentery, and pyretic stranguria, tells nosebleed, metrorrhagia, excessive fetal movement due to heat in pregnancy, carbuncle furuncle etc.; Modern pharmacology proves that Radix Scutellariae has the effects such as antimicrobial, antioxidation, anticancer, blood pressure lowering, diuresis, blood fat reducing, protection ischemical reperfusion injury.
Radix Et Rhizoma Rhei: be rhizome and the root of Polygonaceae Rheum plant sorrel, Rheum tanguticum or Rheum officinale; Containing dissociated anthraquinone class as chrysophanic acid, aloe-emodin, emodin etc., comprehensive Anthraquinones is as sorrel element, physcione-8-glucoside etc., also contain dianthracene quinones as sorrel DIANTHRAQUINONE A, B, C, Sennoside A, B, C, D etc., the various active compositions such as stilbene glycoside; Nature and flavor are bitter, cold, return stomach, large intestine, liver, spleen channel; Can attack stagnant, clearing away damp-heat, pathogenic fire purging, removing heat from blood, blood stasis dispelling, removing toxic substances; Cure mainly solid cubic content constipation, the accumulation of heat feeling of stuffiness in chest, damp-heat dysentery, jaundice, gonorrhea, edema abdominal distention, dysuria, conjunctival congestion, laryngopharynx swelling and pain, aphtha of the mouth and tongue, gastropyretic vomiting, haematemesis, spitting of blood, epistaxis, have blood in stool, hematuria, blood-retention, amenorrhea, the stasis of blood in puerperal stagnant stomachache, lumps in the chest and abdomen, traumatic injury, pyretic toxicity carbuncle and ulcer, erysipelas, scald etc.; Modern pharmacology proves the effects such as Radix Et Rhizoma Rhei has function of gallbladder promoting, protects the liver, anti-gastric duodenal ulcer, resisting pathogenic microbes (antibacterial, fungus and virus), antitumor, antiinflammatory, hemostasis, blood fat reducing.
Rhizoma Coptidis: be the rhizome of Rhizoma Imperatae section coptis plant Rhizoma Coptidis, Coptis deltoidea C.Y.Cheng et Hsiao or Coptis teeta; Containing alkaloids as various active compositions such as berberine, coptisine, epiberberine, obacunone; Rhizoma Coptidis nature and flavor are bitter, cold, GUIXIN, liver, stomach, large intestine channel; Energy clearing away heat-fire, dampness, removing toxic substances; Cure mainly the high heat that calentura heresy enters heart channel, irritated, the damp and hot feeling of stuffiness in chest, has loose bowels, dysentery, the vexed insomnia of hyperactivity of heart-fire, gastropyretic vomiting, rapid digestion of food and polyorexia, liver-fire conjunctival congestion and swelling pain, and pathopyretic ulcer, furunculosis septicemia, gingival swelling and pain, aphtha of the mouth and tongue, hemorrhoidal bleeding, eczema, scalds; Modern pharmacology proves that Rhizoma Coptidis has an impact to blood circulation, nervous system, also has the effects such as antimicrobial, protozoacide, antiulcer, antiviral, antiinflammatory, antitumor, blood sugar lowering, anticoagulant.
Radix Glycyrrhizae: be the root and rhizome of pulse family glycyrrhiza genus Radix Glycyrrhizae, smooth bark Radix Glycyrrhizae, Glycyrrhiza inflata Bat.; Containing triterpene saponin as glycyrrhizin, Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch. saponin A, B etc., flavone compound is as 4',7-Dihydroxyflavanone, liquirtin etc., coumarin kind compound is as glycycoumarin, glycyol etc., alkaloids is as quinolines, iloquinoline derivative etc., polysaccharide, as Radix Glycyrrhizae glucosan GBW, Angelica Polysaccharide UA, UB, UC etc., also contains the plurality of active ingredients such as Radix Glycyrrhizae benzofuran, n-tricosane; Nature and flavor are sweet, flat, return spleen, stomach, the heart, lung meridian; Can and middle emergency, lung moistening, removing toxic substances, coordinating the actions of various ingredients in a prescription; Process with controlling weakness of the spleen and stomach, asthenia lack of appetite, stomachache loose stool, the anxious pain of extremity contraction, cardiopalmus, hysteria, consumptive lung disease cough, raw with controlling laryngopharynx swelling and pain, carbuncle pyogenic infections from tumour or sore, infantile carbuncle and medicine, alimentary toxicosis etc.; Modern pharmacology proves the effects such as Radix Glycyrrhizae has antimicrobial, antiinflammatory, antitussive, eliminates the phlegm, antitumor, mutation, antioxidation, has regulating action to digestive system, cardiovascular system, reproductive system and brain, renal function etc.
For preventing and treating a Chinese medicine composition for hemorrhagic disease of grass carp, conventional method can be adopted to be prepared into the common veterinary dosage form such as powder, solution.The present invention only provides a kind of preparation method of powder, comprises the following steps: accurately get each taste crude drug according to parts by weight, pulverizes, sieves and get final product.
Described sieves as crossing 40 ~ 100 mesh sieves.
Usage and consumption: every cubic metre of medication 150 ~ 200g, full pool spilling head.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
The present invention adopts Radix Cyanotis vagae, Radix Isatidis, Radix Scutellariae, Radix Et Rhizoma Rhei, Rhizoma Coptidis, Radix Glycyrrhizae totally 6 taste pure natural Chinese herbal medicine, according to monarch principle composition of prescription.In side, Radix Cyanotis vagae is monarch drug, containing multiple ketosteroid compouds, and energy broad-spectrum antiseptic, antiviral; Radix Scutellariae, Radix Et Rhizoma Rhei, Radix Glycyrrhizae are ministerial drug, play heat-clearing and toxic substances removing and alleviate the effects such as disease; Radix Isatidis, Rhizoma Coptidis, for making medicine, can assist that Radix Cyanotis vagae is antibacterial, antiviral; All medicines share, and play the effects such as antiviral, antiinflammatory, prophylactic treatment hemorrhagic disease of grass carp altogether; Be mainly used in preventing and treating hemorrhagic disease of grass carp, evident in efficacy and drug effect is rapid.Wherein three taste medicine couplings are had synergistic corrosion virus effect by Radix Isatidis, the Radix Astragali, Rhizoma Coptidis all antibacterial, antiviral of energy.
The present invention adopts pure natural Chinese herbal medicine, and crude drug is easy to get, cheap and safety, noresidue, without any side effects to Fish body.Above-mentioned compound traditional Chinese medicine composite is prepared into powder by the present invention, and method is simple, easy to use, is suitable for large-scale production and applies.
Detailed description of the invention
Following embodiment is only described in further detail the present invention, but does not form any limitation of the invention.
Embodiment 1
For preventing and treating the Chinese medicine composition of hemorrhagic disease of grass carp in the present embodiment, be made up of the crude drug of following parts by weight: Radix Cyanotis vagae 70 parts, Radix Isatidis 250 parts, Radix Scutellariae 150 parts, Radix Et Rhizoma Rhei 130 parts, Rhizoma Coptidis 150 parts, 130 parts, Radix Glycyrrhizae.Preparation method comprises the following steps: accurately get each taste crude drug according to parts by weight, cleans, dries, pulverize, cross 50 mesh sieves and get final product.
Usage and consumption: every cubic metre of medication 150 ~ 200g, full pool spilling head.
Embodiment 2
For preventing and treating the Chinese medicine composition of hemorrhagic disease of grass carp in the present embodiment, be made up of the crude drug of following parts by weight: Radix Cyanotis vagae 100 parts, Radix Isatidis 200 parts, Radix Scutellariae 200 parts, Radix Et Rhizoma Rhei 100 parts, Rhizoma Coptidis 200 parts, 100 parts, Radix Glycyrrhizae.Preparation method comprises the following steps: accurately get each taste crude drug according to parts by weight, cleans, dries, pulverize, cross 50 mesh sieves and get final product.
Usage and consumption: every cubic metre of medication 150 ~ 200g, full pool spilling head.
Embodiment 3
For preventing and treating the Chinese medicine composition of hemorrhagic disease of grass carp in the present embodiment, be made up of the crude drug of following parts by weight: Radix Cyanotis vagae 130 parts, Radix Isatidis 150 parts, Radix Scutellariae 250 parts, Radix Et Rhizoma Rhei 70 parts, Rhizoma Coptidis 250 parts, 70 parts, Radix Glycyrrhizae.Preparation method comprises the following steps: accurately get each taste crude drug according to parts by weight, cleans, dries, pulverize, cross 50 mesh sieves and get final product.
Usage and consumption: every cubic metre of medication 150 ~ 200g, full pool spilling head.
Test example
1, experimental animal: Ctenopharyngodon idellus, body long 60.6 ± 5.0mm, average weight 9.0g, raise water temperature 23 ~ 30 DEG C; Test Ctenopharyngodon idellus used and be fingerling then, duration of test is raised with Herba Spirodelae.
2, trial drug: the powder that test group 1 ~ 3 adopts the embodiment of the present invention 1 ~ 3 to prepare successively; Drug control group adopts commercially available norfloxacin.
3, virus: being separated by laboratory preserve aquatic and exhaling intestinal Vulpes virus, conventionally making tissue homogenate during use for infecting.
4, artificial challenge: adopt high macerate to steep the method infected, be about to Ctenopharyngodon idellus 2%NaCl about the solution soaking 20min that part is to be infected, Ctenopharyngodon idellus is transferred in GCHV liquid and soak 1.5h, then fish is pulled out use aeration tap water, be placed in clean fishpond and raise and observe.After four days as find infected fish occur travelling slowly, appetite reduces, body surface color blackening or dimmed, matt, indivedual health takes on a red color symptom, then determine infected.
5, test method: random selecting 500 tail determines infected Ctenopharyngodon idellus, test group 300 tail, usage and dosage is that every mu of water surface mean depth 1 meter adopts Chinese medicine smalls 10kg, adds full pool spilling head after aqueous dispersion, raises with Herba Spirodelae; Drug control group 100 tail, usage and dosage is that every mu of water surface mean depth 1 meter adopts medicine 10kg, raises with Herba Spirodelae; Infected group 100 tail, does not apply any medicine, raises with Herba Spirodelae; Separately get 100 tails and do not infect Ctenopharyngodon idellus as blank group, raise with Herba Spirodelae.Observe and record test situation, statistics cure rate, survival rate and mortality rate, the results detailed in following table 1.
Curative effect determinate standard:
Cure: body surface is glossy, flexibly travelling, the shoal of fish is looked for food normally, and timing weighs and finds that body weight rises;
Survive: body surface burnt hair is dark, matt, the amount of looking for food reduces, and timing weighs and finds that body weight is constant or decline;
Dead: body surface is stiff, does not move about, and does not look for food.
6, result of the test
Observe the shoal of fish after two weeks, wherein the Ctenopharyngodon idellus body surface of test group 1 ~ 3 is glossy, and the shoal of fish is looked for food normally, weighs and finds all risings of body weight; The infected group shoal of fish remains little, and not dead fish is only slowly travelling, and body surface is cerise, and body weight obviously declines; The observed and recorded of blank group is with almost indifference during on-test.
The therapeutic outcome that each processed group of table 1 infects Ctenopharyngodon idellus
As can be seen from Table 1, the cure rate of test group 1 ~ 3 is up to more than 75%, and survival rate more than 85%, and the cure rate of drug control group is 69%, survival rate is 75%.Statistical analysis shows, the cure rate of test group and survival rate are significantly higher than drug control group (P < 0.01).
Result of the test shows, powder prepared by the embodiment of the present invention has good therapeutic efficiency to the aquatic intestinal Vulpes viral infection of exhaling of Ctenopharyngodon idellus, can be used in preventing and treating hemorrhagic disease of grass carp.In addition, Chinese medicine preparation of the present invention except there is antivirus action, also by other approach as adjusted the aspect auxiliary treatment hemorrhagic disease of grass carp such as physiological function of biological organs.