CN104186960A - Epinephelus coioides feed additive and application method thereof - Google Patents

Epinephelus coioides feed additive and application method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104186960A
CN104186960A CN201410313106.7A CN201410313106A CN104186960A CN 104186960 A CN104186960 A CN 104186960A CN 201410313106 A CN201410313106 A CN 201410313106A CN 104186960 A CN104186960 A CN 104186960A
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feed
additive
lactobacillus acidophilus
liquid
epinephelus coioides
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CN201410313106.7A
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CN104186960B (en
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李小梅
舒琥
张家学
杨丽冬
张海发
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Guangzhou University
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Guangzhou University
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Abstract

The invention discloses an epinephelus coioides feed additive and an application method thereof. The epinephelus coioides feed additive is composed of a photosynthetic bacteria liquid, a bacillus pumilus powder and a lactobacillus acidophilus liquid. The bacillus pumilus powder is firstly mixed with the lactobacillus acidophilus liquid, and then the mixed bacteria is mixed with the photosynthetic bacteria liquid. The mass percentage content scope of the three compositions comprise that the photosynthetic bacteria liquid accounts for 18-22%, the bacillus pumilus powder accounts for 1-3%, and the lactobacillus acidophilus liquid accounts for 75-81%. Based on 1 Kg of base feed, 10 g-50 g of the additive is added, and the additive is uniformly mixed with the base feed, and then the mixture is wrapped by emulsified fish oil. The epinephelus coioides feed additive is suitable for healthy culture of epinephelus coioides, is capable of obviously improving the activity of SOD, AKP and lysozyme in fish body, thereby effectively promoting growth of epinephelus coioides.

Description

A kind of Epinephelus coioides feed addictive and using method thereof
Technical field
The invention belongs to aquaculture field, be specifically related to a kind of Epinephelus coioides feed addictive; Also relate to Epinephelus coioides feed addictive using method.
Background technology
Epinephelus coioides (Epinephelus coioides) Shu Yu Sushi section Epinephelus, is a kind of famous and precious marine economy fish, has higher edibility and health care value; In ground Grouper cultivating industry such as China Guangdong, Fujian and Hainan, develop rapidly in recent years, Epinephelus coioides becomes one of important breed variety.
Epinephelus coioides is propagated artificially in process, the disease work that prevention & management is caused by bacterium, virus, parasite etc. is very important, the cage culture field in especially larger for cultivation density or the high marine site of pollution level, because grouper is improved the sensitiveness of cause of disease, more easily cause the generation of disease and popular, fisherman often relies on antibiosis and usually prevents and treats grouper disease, but antibiotic abuse causes serious food-safety problem.Therefore, carry out breeding ecological optimization and more efficiently disease prevention and control are very necessary for the healthy aquaculture of grouper.
Research shows, the nospecific immunity of fish plays an important role in disease resistance infects, and its functional status can directly react the power of body anti-adversity ability.Hepatocuprein (SOD) is a kind of important antioxidase in body, and alkaline phosphatase (AKP) is as important metabolic regulation enzyme; Phagocytic activity of leukocytes and lysozyme are the important component parts of fish nospecific immunity system.Conventionally in fish body, the vigor of SOD, AKP and lysozyme promotes, and leukocytes phagocytic ability improves, and interior free yl generates and reduces, and body disease-resistant power strengthens, thereby promotes fish body healthy growth.
In prior art, also not by regulating the inherent function of fish body to realize the report of the healthy aquaculture of grouper.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of Epinephelus coioides feed addictive of healthy aquaculture of applicable Epinephelus coioides, can significantly improve the vigor of fish body interior SOD, AKP and lysozyme, thereby effectively promote Epinephelus coioides growth.
Another object of the present invention is to provide the using method of above-mentioned additive.
Object of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: a kind of Epinephelus coioides feed addictive, by photosynthetic bacteria liquid, bacillus pumilus bacterium powder and lactobacillus acidophilus bacterium liquid, formed, and in described additive, the living bacteria count of photosynthetic bacteria is 1 * 10 8~2.5 * 10 9cfu/g, the living bacteria count of lactobacillus acidophilus is 1 * 10 8~2.5 * 10 9cfu/g, the living bacteria count of bacillus pumilus is 5 * 10 8~5 * 10 9cfu/g.The mass percentage content scope of described three kinds of components is: photosynthetic bacteria liquid is 18~22%, and bacillus pumilus bacterium powder is 1~3%, and lactobacillus acidophilus bacterium liquid is 75~81%.
Additive of the present invention is first mixed into bacillus pumilus bacterium powder in lactobacillus acidophilus bacterium liquid, then gained Mixed Microbes and photosynthetic bacteria liquid is mixed.Bacillus pumilus bacterium powder has certain buffer capacity and acid neutralization capacity, the zymotic fluid meta-acid of lactobacillus acidophilus, the zymotic fluid meta-alkalescence of photosynthetic bacteria and the mucopolysaccharide that contains high-load; First lactobacillus acidophilus is mixed with bacillus pumilus, the impact of the instantaneous variation that can reduce pH on lactobacillus acidophilus and photosynthetic bacteria increases mixture homogeneity simultaneously.
The using method of above-mentioned additive, adds 10g~50g additive by 1kg basal feed; The each inventory of feed that is added with described additive is 2% of fish body weight.
An Epinephelus coioides feed that contains above-mentioned additive, comprises grouper basal feed, it is characterized in that by adding additive described in 10g~50g in 1kg basal feed; Mix thoroughly and with emulsified fish oil, wrap up afterwards with basal feed.
Described emulsified fish oil consumption is 2% of basal feed gross weight.
The present invention has following advantage and effect with respect to prior art:
(1) compound micro-ecological preparation of the present invention, as the grouper feed addictive of growing, can effectively promote grouper growth and improve part nonspecific immunity function.
(2) in the Fermentation by Photosynthetic Bacteria liquid in the present invention, be rich in self metabolism generation immune polysaccharide, there is good immunostimulatory activity, in photosynthetic bacteria, be rich in Co-Q10 in addition, there is good antioxidation activity.
(3) bacillus pumilus in the present invention can not only produce and decompose enzyme (amylase and protease etc.), can also produce the high bacteriocin that suppresses vibrios activity, can significantly suppress the vibrios breeding in grouper body.
(4) secretion capacity of the lactobacillus acidophilus acid producing ability in the present invention and lactein is strong, and can adhere to and grouper enteron aisle epidermal cell; Lactobacillus acidophilus Fast-propagation in grouper body stimulates intestine immunity, acidifying enteron aisle and inhibition pathogen.
(5) metabolite of the photosynthetic bacteria in the present invention can promote the breeding of lactobacillus acidophilus and bacillus pumilus; Bacillus pumilus Fast-propagation in grouper body reduces enteron aisle oxidation-reduction potential, for the propagation of lactobacillus acidophilus is created good anaerobic environment.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail, but embodiments of the present invention are not limited to this.
(1) grouper test grouping and cultivation
Epinephelus coioides (Epinephelus coioides) initial mass 64.69 ± 8.65g for experiment, totally 150 tails, are divided at random:
Control group (feeding feed stuff: basal feed);
Emulsified fish oil group (feeding feed stuff is made: basal feed wraps up 2% emulsified fish oil);
Compound additive I group of the present invention (make: compound bacteria is got photosynthetic bacteria liquid 20%, bacillus pumilus bacterium powder 2% and 78% combination of lactobacillus acidophilus bacterium liquid by mass percentage by feeding feed stuff, first bacillus pumilus bacterium powder is mixed in lactobacillus acidophilus bacterium liquid, then mix with photosynthetic bacteria liquid and make Epinephelus coioides feed addictive, mix thoroughly with basal feed again, finally after the emulsified fish oil parcel with 2% mass ratio.The adding proportion of basal feed and described three kinds of compound bacteria is: 1kg basal feed adds 10g compound bacteria, and concrete desirable 2.0ml photosynthetic bacteria liquid, 0.2g bacillus pumilus bacterium powder, 7.8ml lactobacillus acidophilus bacterium liquid mix);
Compound additive II group of the present invention (make: manufacturing process is identical with I group by feeding feed stuff, difference is only that the adding proportion of basal feed and described compound bacteria changes, 1kg basal feed adds 30g compound bacteria, concrete desirable 6.0ml photosynthetic bacteria liquid: 0.6g bacillus pumilus bacterium powder: 23.4ml lactobacillus acidophilus bacterium liquid mixes);
Compound additive III group of the present invention (make: manufacturing process is identical with I group by feeding feed stuff, difference is only that the adding proportion of basal feed and described compound bacteria changes, 1kg basal feed adds 50g compound bacteria, concrete desirable 10.0ml photosynthetic bacteria liquid: 1.0g bacillus pumilus bacterium powder: 39.0ml lactobacillus acidophilus bacterium liquid mixes).
It is above-mentioned that respectively to organize bacterium number in bacillus pumilus bacterium powder used be 5 * 10 8~5 * 10 9cfu/g; In lactobacillus acidophilus bacterium liquid, bacterium number is 1 * 10 8~2.5 * 10 9cfu/g; In photosynthetic bacteria liquid, bacterium number is 1 * 10 8~2.5 * 10 9cfu/g.Above-mentioned bacterium liquid, bacterium powder all can be cultivated and obtain through conventional method; Photosynthetic bacteria (Rhodop seudanonas palustris) is purchased from Chinese microorganism strain net, deposit number: CCREMSDMCC150013; Bacillus pumilus (Bacillus pumilus) is purchased from Chinese microorganism strain net, deposit number: ACCC01672; Lactobacillus acidophilus (Lactobacillus acidophilus) is purchased from Chinese microorganism strain net, deposit number: ACCC11073.
Above-mentioned every group of 30 tail fishes, establish 3 parallel, each parallel 10 tail fish cultivates in cement pit net cage.
Culturing pool water body adopts sand filter seawater, and in pond, Inlet and outlet water is convection type, keeps the continuous charge of culturing pool; PH is 7.2~8.1, and dissolved oxygen is 4.0~6.5mg/L, and ammonia-nitrogen content is 0.05~0.39mg/L, and content of nitrite is 0.02~0.05mg/L.Grouper is thrown something and fed 1 time every day at regular time and quantity, and inventory is 2% of fish body weight, cultivates altogether 30 days.
(2) grouper growth performance index determining
Experiment grouper to the 30d that feeds weighs, it is long to survey body.
Rate of body weight gain (%)=[(weigh-test of test opisthosoma is body weight just)/test is body weight just] * 100
Growth rate (%)=[(just body is long for the length-test of test opisthosoma) first body of/test is long] * 100
Feed coefficient=food ration/(weigh-test of test opisthosoma is body weight just)
Coefficient of condition=body weight/body is long
(3) serum and liver part nonspecific immunity index detect
In the 30d serum sampling of the grouper of feeding, before sampling, 1d stops bait throwing in.Each is parallel gets 5 tail fishes at random, gets 15 tail fishes for every group.Get blood and adopt puncture arteria caudalis blood taking method, the blood sample of collection, is placed in 4 ℃ of standing 4-6h of refrigerator, and the centrifugal 5-10min of 10000r/min collects upper serum, is kept in-80 ℃ of refrigerators standby.Fish is dissected simultaneously, taken out liver and weigh.
The total superoxide dismutase of serum (SOD), serum total antioxidation enzyme (T-AOC), PAS (ACP), serum alkaline phosphatase (AKP) and antalzyme activity are measured: by corresponding reagent cassette method, measure, kit is that Bioengineering Research Institute commercially available prod (lot number is 20130918) is built up in Nanjing.
(4) data statistics
Result mean+SD represent, to organize a t check, carry out statistical disposition.
(5) impact of the different adding proportions of compound micro-ecological preparation on grouper growth and part nonspecific immunity function
The impact of 5.1 compound micro-ecological preparation I feed groups on grouper growth and part nonspecific immunity function
To feeding, add grouper growth performance index and the part nonspecific immunity function of compound micro-ecological preparation I feed and measure, the results are shown in Table 1.Compare with control group or emulsified fish oil group, feed and add compound micro-ecological preparation I feed 30d, can improve the long growth rate (P<0.05) of grouper weight gain rate (P<0.05) and body, promote coefficient of condition (P<0.05), increase serum AKP level, ACP, T-AOC and antalzyme activity (P<0.05), increase the total SOD vigor of serum (P<0.01), and reduce feed coefficient (P<0.05).Result shows, adds probiotics and can effectively promote grouper growth and the effect that improves its part nonspecific immunity function.
The impact of 5.2 compound micro-ecological preparation II group feeds on grouper growth and part nonspecific immunity function
To feeding, add growth performance index and the part nonspecific immunity function of grouper in compound micro-ecological preparation II feed and measure, the results are shown in Table 1.With contrast or the comparison of emulsified fish oil group, add the forage feed 30d of compound micro-ecological preparation II, can improve the body weight gains rate (P<0.05) of grouper, improve the long growth rate (P<0.05) of body, promote coefficient of condition (P<0.05), increase serum AKP level, ACP, T-AOC and antalzyme activity (P<0.05), increase the total SOD vigor of serum (P<0.01), and reduce feed coefficient (P<0.05).Have and promote grouper growth and the effect that improves its part nonspecific immunity function.
The impact of 5.3 compound micro-ecological preparation III group feeds on grouper growth and part nonspecific immunity function
Feed interpolation compound micro-ecological preparation III feed grouper growth performance index and part nonspecific immunity function are measured, be the results are shown in Table 1.With contrast or the comparison of emulsified fish oil group, add the forage feed 30d of compound micro-ecological preparation I, can improve the body weight gains rate (P<0.05) of grouper, improve the long growth rate (P<0.05) of body, promote coefficient of condition (P<0.05), increase serum AKP level, ACP, T-AOC, antalzyme activity (P<0.05), increase the total SOD vigor of serum (P<0.01), and reduce feed coefficient (P<0.05).Have and promote grouper growth and the effect that improves its part nonspecific immunity function.
The growth promoting function of table 1. compound micro-ecological preparation to grouper
Note: with control group comparison, " * " represents P<0.05; " * * " represents P<0.01; With the comparison of emulsified fish oil group, " Δ " represents P<0.05; " Δ Δ " represents P<0.01.
In the preparation of above-mentioned Epinephelus coioides feed addictive, compound bacteria gets that photosynthetic bacteria liquid is 18% by mass percentage, bacillus pumilus bacterium powder is 1%, lactobacillus acidophilus bacterium liquid is 81%; Or get photosynthetic bacteria liquid and be 22%, bacillus pumilus bacterium powder is 3%, lactobacillus acidophilus bacterium liquid is 75% all can obtain approximate result of the test, do not repeat one by one.
Above-described embodiment is preferably embodiment of the present invention; but embodiments of the present invention are not restricted to the described embodiments; other are in span disclosed by the invention; anyly do not deviate from the change done under Spirit Essence of the present invention and principle, modification, substitute, combination, simplify; all should be equivalent substitute mode, within being included in protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1. an Epinephelus coioides feed addictive, it is characterized in that: by photosynthetic bacteria liquid, bacillus pumilus bacterium powder and lactobacillus acidophilus bacterium liquid, formed, first bacillus pumilus bacterium powder is mixed in lactobacillus acidophilus bacterium liquid, then gained Mixed Microbes is mixed with photosynthetic bacteria liquid; The living bacteria count of described photosynthetic bacteria is 1 * 10 8~2.5 * 10 9cfu/g, the living bacteria count of lactobacillus acidophilus is 1 * 10 8~2.5 * 10 9cfu/g, the living bacteria count of bacillus pumilus is 5 * 10 8~5 * 10 9cfu/g; The mass percentage content scope of described three kinds of components is: photosynthetic bacteria liquid is 18~22%, and bacillus pumilus bacterium powder is 1~3%, and lactobacillus acidophilus bacterium liquid is 75~81%.
2. the using method of additive described in claim 1, is characterized in that: by 1kg basal feed, add 10g~50g additive; The each inventory of feed that is added with described additive is 2% of fish body weight.
3. an Epinephelus coioides feed that contains above-mentioned additive, comprises grouper basal feed, it is characterized in that by adding additive described in 10g~50g in 1kg basal feed, mixes thoroughly and with emulsified fish oil, wraps up and get final product afterwards with basal feed.
4. Epinephelus coioides feed according to claim 3, is characterized in that: described emulsified fish oil consumption is 2% of basal feed gross weight.
CN201410313106.7A 2014-07-02 2014-07-02 Epinephelus coioides feed additive and application method thereof Active CN104186960B (en)

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Cited By (4)

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CN104938875A (en) * 2015-07-28 2015-09-30 钦州市钦州港七十二泾渔业养殖专业合作社 Composite probiotics for groupers
CN105614177A (en) * 2016-03-10 2016-06-01 青岛七好生物科技股份有限公司 Rainbow trout juvenile fish compound feed with low nitrogen and phosphorus emission
CN105995183A (en) * 2016-05-12 2016-10-12 集美大学 Epinephelus coioicles ecological feed formula and preparation method
CN108271950A (en) * 2018-01-17 2018-07-13 广东海洋大学 A kind of feed addictive for promoting Grouper cultivating bottom of pond matter improvement water colour to improve

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CN104938875A (en) * 2015-07-28 2015-09-30 钦州市钦州港七十二泾渔业养殖专业合作社 Composite probiotics for groupers
CN105614177A (en) * 2016-03-10 2016-06-01 青岛七好生物科技股份有限公司 Rainbow trout juvenile fish compound feed with low nitrogen and phosphorus emission
CN105995183A (en) * 2016-05-12 2016-10-12 集美大学 Epinephelus coioicles ecological feed formula and preparation method
CN108271950A (en) * 2018-01-17 2018-07-13 广东海洋大学 A kind of feed addictive for promoting Grouper cultivating bottom of pond matter improvement water colour to improve

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