CN104186960B - Epinephelus coioides feed additive and application method thereof - Google Patents
Epinephelus coioides feed additive and application method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN104186960B CN104186960B CN201410313106.7A CN201410313106A CN104186960B CN 104186960 B CN104186960 B CN 104186960B CN 201410313106 A CN201410313106 A CN 201410313106A CN 104186960 B CN104186960 B CN 104186960B
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- 239000003674 animal food additive Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
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- 240000001046 Lactobacillus acidophilus Species 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 235000013956 Lactobacillus acidophilus Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 241000194103 Bacillus pumilus Species 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
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- Fodder In General (AREA)
- Feed For Specific Animals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an epinephelus coioides feed additive and an application method thereof. The epinephelus coioides feed additive is composed of a photosynthetic bacteria liquid, a bacillus pumilus powder and a lactobacillus acidophilus liquid. The bacillus pumilus powder is firstly mixed with the lactobacillus acidophilus liquid, and then the mixed bacteria is mixed with the photosynthetic bacteria liquid. The mass percentage content scope of the three compositions comprise that the photosynthetic bacteria liquid accounts for 18-22%, the bacillus pumilus powder accounts for 1-3%, and the lactobacillus acidophilus liquid accounts for 75-81%. Based on 1 Kg of base feed, 10 g-50 g of the additive is added, and the additive is uniformly mixed with the base feed, and then the mixture is wrapped by emulsified fish oil. The epinephelus coioides feed additive is suitable for healthy culture of epinephelus coioides, is capable of obviously improving the activity of SOD, AKP and lysozyme in fish body, thereby effectively promoting growth of epinephelus coioides.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to aquaculture field, be specifically related to a kind of Epinephelus coioides feed additive；Further relate to tiltedly
Band epinephelus feed additive using method.
Background technology
Epinephelus coioides (Epinephelus coioides) belongs to section Epinephelus, is a kind of famous and precious sea
Ocean economic fish, has higher edibility and health value；In recent years in China Guangdong, Fujian and Hainan
Etc. ground Grouper cultivating industry develop rapidly, Epinephelus coioides becomes one of important breed variety.
During Epinephelus coioides artificial cultivation, prevent and treat and manage the disease caused by antibacterial, virus, parasite etc.
Evil work is particularly significant, or the cage culture field in pollution level height marine site bigger particularly with cultivation density,
Owing to the sensitivity of cause of disease is improved by cabrilla, more easily causing the generation of disease and popular, fisherman often relies on antibiosis
Usually preventing and treating cabrilla disease, but the abuse of antibiotic causes serious food-safety problem.Therefore, support
Grow ecological optimal the most necessary for the healthy aquaculture of cabrilla with more efficiently disease prevention and control.
Research shows, the nonspecific immunity of Fish plays an important role in disease resistance infects, and its functional status can
The power of direct reaction body anti-adversity ability.Superoxide dismutase (SOD) is a kind of important resisting in body
Oxidase, alkali phosphatase (AKP) is as important metabolic regulation enzyme；Phagocytic activity of leukocytes and lysozyme
It it is then the important component part of Fish non-specific immune systems.Generally SOD, AKP and the work of lysozyme in fish body
Power promotes, and leukocytes phagocytic ability improves, and interior free yl generates and reduces, and body disease-resistant power strengthens, thus promotees
Enter fish body healthy growth.
In prior art, also not over the report of the healthy aquaculture realizing cabrilla in regulation fish body in function
Road.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide the Epinephelus coioides feedstuff of a kind of healthy aquaculture being suitable for Epinephelus coioides
Additive, it is possible to significantly improve SOD, AKP and the vigor of lysozyme in fish body, thus effectively facilitate angled tape
Cabrilla grows.
Further object is that the using method that above-mentioned additive is provided.
The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: a kind of Epinephelus coioides feed additive, by photosynthetic
Antibacterial bacterium solution, Bacillus pumilus mycopowder and bacillus acidophilus's bacterium solution composition, in described additive, photosynthetic bacteria
Living bacteria count be 1 × 108～2.5 × 109Cfu/g, the living bacteria count of bacillus acidophilus is
1×108～2.5 × 109Cfu/g, the living bacteria count of Bacillus pumilus is 5 × 108～5 × 109cfu/g.Described three kinds
The mass percentage content scope of component is: photosynthetic bacteria liquid is 18～22%, and Bacillus pumilus mycopowder is
1～3%, bacillus acidophilus's bacterium solution is 75～81%.
Bacillus pumilus mycopowder is first mixed in bacillus acidophilus's bacterium solution by additive of the present invention, then by gained
Mixed vaccine mixes with photosynthetic bacteria liquid.Bacillus pumilus mycopowder has in certain buffer capacity and acid
And ability, the fermentation liquid meta-acid of bacillus acidophilus, the fermentation liquid meta-alkalescence of photosynthetic bacteria and also containing high-load
Mucopolysaccharide；First bacillus acidophilus is mixed with Bacillus pumilus, it is possible to reduce the instantaneous variation of pH is to addicted to acid
Lactobacillus and the impact of photosynthetic bacteria, increase mixing homogeneity simultaneously.
The using method of above-mentioned additive, adds 10g～50g additive by 1kg normal feedstuff；Added with described
The each inventory of feedstuff of additive is the 2% of fish body weight.
A kind of Epinephelus coioides feedstuff containing above-mentioned additive, including cabrilla normal feedstuff, it is characterised in that
As 1kg normal feedstuff adds additive described in 10g～50g；Enter with emulsified fish oil after mixing thoroughly with normal feedstuff
Row parcel.
Based on described emulsified fish oil consumption the 2% of feedstuff gross weight.
The present invention has such advantages as relative to prior art and effect:
(1) compound micro-ecological preparation of the present invention grows feed additive as cabrilla, it is possible to effectively facilitate stone
The growth of speckle fish and raising part nonspecific immunity function.
(2) the Fermentation by Photosynthetic Bacteria liquid in the present invention produces immune polysaccharide rich in own metabolism, have good
Immunostimulatory activity, in addition rich in coenzyme Q10 in photosynthetic bacteria, has good antioxidant activity.
(3) Bacillus pumilus in the present invention can not only produce decomposition enzyme (amylase and protease etc.),
The bacteriocin of high suppression vibrio activity can also be produced, the vibrio breeding in cabrilla body can be significantly inhibited.
(4) secretion capacity of the bacillus acidophilus's acid producing ability in the present invention and lactein is strong, and can adhere to
With cabrilla intestinal epidermis cell；Bacillus acidophilus's Fast-propagation in cabrilla body stimulates intestinal immune, acidifying
Intestinal and suppression pathogen.
(5) metabolite of the photosynthetic bacteria in the present invention can promote bacillus acidophilus and Bacillus pumilus
Breeding；Bacillus pumilus Fast-propagation in cabrilla body reduces intestinal oxidation-reduction potential, for addicted to yogurt bar
The propagation of bacterium creates good anaerobic environment.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail, but embodiments of the present invention are not limited to
This.
(1) cabrilla test packet and cultivation
Experiment Epinephelus coioides (Epinephelus coioides) initial mass 64.69 ± 8.65g, totally 150 tail,
It is randomly divided into:
Matched group (feeding feed stuff: normal feedstuff)；
Emulsified fish oil group (feeding feed stuff makes: normal feedstuff wraps up 2% emulsified fish oil)；
(feeding feed stuff makes compound additive of the present invention I group: compound bacteria takes photosynthetic bacteria bacterium by mass percentage
Liquid 20%, Bacillus pumilus mycopowder 2% and bacillus acidophilus's bacterium solution 78% combine, first by Bacillus pumilus bacterium
Powder is mixed in bacillus acidophilus's bacterium solution, is then mixed to prepare Epinephelus coioides feedstuff with photosynthetic bacteria liquid and adds
Agent, then mix thoroughly with normal feedstuff, after finally wrapping up with the emulsified fish oil of 2% mass ratio.Normal feedstuff with
The adding proportion of described three kinds of compound bacteria is: 1kg normal feedstuff adds 10g compound bacteria, concrete desirable 2.0ml light
Close antibacterial bacterium solution, 0.2g Bacillus pumilus mycopowder, the mixing of 7.8ml bacillus acidophilus's bacterium solution)；
(feeding feed stuff makes compound additive of the present invention II group: manufacturing process is identical with I group, and difference is only
Being that normal feedstuff changes with the adding proportion of described compound bacteria, 1kg normal feedstuff adds 30g compound bacteria, tool
Body desirable 6.0ml photosynthetic bacteria liquid: 0.6g Bacillus pumilus mycopowder: 23.4ml bacillus acidophilus's bacterium solution is mixed
Close)；
(feeding feed stuff makes compound additive of the present invention III group: manufacturing process is identical with I group, and difference is only
Being that normal feedstuff changes with the adding proportion of described compound bacteria, 1kg normal feedstuff adds 50g compound bacteria, specifically
Desirable 10.0ml photosynthetic bacteria liquid: 1.0g Bacillus pumilus mycopowder: 39.0ml bacillus acidophilus's bacterium solution mixes).
In Bacillus pumilus mycopowder used by above-mentioned each group, bacterium number is 5 × 108～5 × 109cfu/g；Bacillus acidophilus
In bacterium solution, bacterium number is 1 × 108～2.5 × 109cfu/g；In photosynthetic bacteria liquid, bacterium number is 1 × 108～2.5 × 109cfu/g。
Above-mentioned bacterium solution, mycopowder all can be cultivated through conventional method and obtain；Photosynthetic bacteria (Rhodopseudomonas palustris Rhodop
Seudanonas palustris) it is purchased from Chinese microorganism strain preservation center, deposit number:
CCREMSDMCC_150013；Bacillus pumilus (Bacillus pumilus) is purchased from Chinese microorganism strain
Preservation center, deposit number: ACCC0_1672；Bacillus acidophilus (Lactobacillus acidophilus)
Purchased from Chinese microorganism strain preservation center, deposit number: ACCC_11073.
Above-mentioned often organizing 30 tail fishes, if 3 parallel, each parallel 10 tail fishes cultivate in cement pit net cage.
Culturing pool water body uses sand filter seawater, and in pond, Inlet and outlet water is convection type, keeps the continuous charge of culturing pool；
PH is 7.2～8.1, and dissolved oxygen is 4.0～6.5mg/L, and ammonia-nitrogen content is 0.05～0.39mg/L, and nitrite contains
Amount is 0.02～0.05mg/L.Cabrilla is thrown something and fed 1 time every day at regular time and quantity, and inventory is the 2% of fish body weight, altogether
Cultivate 30 days.
(2) cabrilla growth performance index determining
Weigh the experiment cabrilla feeding 30d, to survey body long.
Rate of body weight gain (%)=[(test opisthosoma weight-test just body weight)/test just body weight] × 100
Rate of increase (%)=[(test opisthosoma length-test just body length)/test just body length] × 100
Feed coefficient=food ration/(test opisthosoma weight-test just body weight)
Coefficient of condition=body weight/body is long
(3) serum and hepatic portion nonspecific immunity Indexs measure
In feeding the 30d serum sample of cabrilla, before sampling, 1d stops bait throwing in.Each parallel take 5 at random
Tail fish, the most often group takes 15 tail fishes.Take blood and use puncture arteria caudalis blood taking method, the blood sample of collection, be placed in 4 DEG C
Refrigerator stands 4-6h, 10000r/min and is centrifuged 5-10min, collects upper serum, is saved in-80 DEG C of refrigerators
Standby.Fish is dissected simultaneously, take out liver and weigh.
Serum total number born (SOD), serum total antioxidation enzyme (T-AOC), serum acid phosphatase
Enzyme (ACP), serum alkaline phosphatase (AKP) and antalzyme activity measure: enter by corresponding reagent cassette method
Row measures, and test kit is that Bioengineering Research Institute commercially available prod (lot number is 20130918) is built up in Nanjing.
(4) data statistics
Result mean+SDRepresent, carry out statistical disposition with t inspection between group.
(5) compound micro-ecological preparation difference adding proportion is on cabrilla growth and the impact of part nonspecific immunity function
5.1 compound micro-ecological preparation I feedstuff groups are on cabrilla growth and the impact of part nonspecific immunity function
To feeding the cabrilla growth performance index adding compound micro-ecological preparation I feedstuff and part is non-specific exempts from
Epidemic disease function is measured, and the results are shown in Table 1.Compared with matched group or emulsified fish oil group, feed interpolation composite microbial
State preparation I feedstuff 30d, can improve cabrilla weight gain rate (P < 0.05) and the long rate of increase of body (P < 0.05),
Promote coefficient of condition (P < 0.05), increase serum AKP level, ACP, T-AOC and antalzyme activity (P < 0.05),
Increase serum total SOD vigor (P < 0.01), and reduce feed coefficient (P < 0.05).Result shows, adds
Microbial ecological agent can effectively facilitate cabrilla growth and improve the effect of its part nonspecific immunity function.
5.2 compound micro-ecological preparation II group feedstuffs are on cabrilla growth and the impact of part nonspecific immunity function
Non-specific to the growth performance index and part feeding cabrilla in interpolation compound micro-ecological preparation II feedstuff
Immunologic function is measured, and the results are shown in Table 1.With compare or emulsified fish oil group compares, add compound microecological system
The forage feed 30d of agent II, can improve the body weight gains rate (P < 0.05) of cabrilla, improves the long rate of increase of body
(P < 0.05), promotes coefficient of condition (P < 0.05), increases serum AKP level, ACP, T-AOC and lysozyme and lives
Power (P < 0.05), increases serum total SOD vigor (P < 0.01), and reduces feed coefficient (P < 0.05).Have
Promote cabrilla growth and improve the effect of its part nonspecific immunity function.
5.3 compound micro-ecological preparation III group feedstuffs are on cabrilla growth and the impact of part nonspecific immunity function
To feeding interpolation compound micro-ecological preparation III feedstuff cabrilla growth performance index and part nonspecific immunity
Function is measured, and the results are shown in Table 1.With compare or emulsified fish oil group compares, add compound micro-ecological preparation I
Forage feed 30d, can improve the body weight gains rate (P < 0.05) of cabrilla, improve the long rate of increase of body (P < 0.05),
Promote coefficient of condition (P < 0.05), increase serum AKP level, ACP, T-AOC, antalzyme activity (P < 0.05),
Increase serum total SOD vigor (P < 0.01), and reduce feed coefficient (P < 0.05).There is promotion cabrilla raw
Grow and improve the effect of its part nonspecific immunity function.
Table 1. compound micro-ecological preparation to the growth promoting function of cabrilla (N=15)
Note: compare with matched group, " * " represents P < 0.05；" * * " represents P < 0.01；With emulsified fish oil group ratio
Relatively, " Δ " represents P < 0.05；" Δ Δ " represents P < 0.01.
In the preparation of above-mentioned Epinephelus coioides feed additive, compound bacteria takes photosynthetic bacteria liquid by mass percentage
Be 18%, Bacillus pumilus mycopowder be 1%, bacillus acidophilus's bacterium solution be 81%；Or take photosynthetic bacteria bacterium
Liquid is 22%, Bacillus pumilus mycopowder is 3%, bacillus acidophilus's bacterium solution is 75% examination that all can obtain approximation
Test result, repeat the most one by one.
Above-described embodiment is the present invention preferably embodiment, but embodiments of the present invention are not by above-mentioned enforcement
The restriction of example, other are in span disclosed by the invention, and any spirit without departing from the present invention is with former
Change that reason is lower to be made, modify, substitute, combine, simplify, all should be the substitute mode of equivalence, be included in
Within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. an Epinephelus coioides feed additive, it is characterised in that: by Rhodopseudomonas palustris bacterium solution, short and small
Bacillus cereus mycopowder and bacillus acidophilus's bacterium solution composition, be first mixed into bacillus acidophilus by Bacillus pumilus mycopowder
In bacterium solution, then gained mixed vaccine is mixed with Rhodopseudomonas palustris bacterium solution；Described Rhodopseudomonas palustris
Living bacteria count is 1 × 108～2.5 × 109Cfu/g, the living bacteria count of bacillus acidophilus is
1×108～2.5 × 109Cfu/g, the living bacteria count of Bacillus pumilus is 5 × 108～5 × 109cfu/g；Described three kinds
The mass percentage content scope of component is: Rhodopseudomonas palustris bacterium solution is 18～22%, Bacillus pumilus
Mycopowder is 1～3%, and bacillus acidophilus's bacterium solution is 75～81%；
Wherein, Rhodopseudomonas palustris (Rhodop seudanonas palustris) is purchased from China Microbiological bacterium
Plant preservation center, deposit number: CCREMSDMCC_150013；Bacillus pumilus (Bacillus pumilus)
Purchased from Chinese microorganism strain preservation center, deposit number: ACCC_01672；Bacillus acidophilus
(Lactobacillus acidophilus) is purchased from Chinese microorganism strain preservation center, deposit number:
ACCC_11073。
2. the using method of additive described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: add by 1kg normal feedstuff
10g～50g additive；The each inventory of feedstuff added with described additive is the 2% of fish body weight.
3. the Epinephelus coioides feedstuff containing additive described in claim 1, raises including cabrilla basis
Material, it is characterised in that as adding additive described in 10g～50g in 1kg normal feedstuff, mix thoroughly with normal feedstuff
Carry out wrapping up and get final product with emulsified fish oil afterwards.
Epinephelus coioides feedstuff the most according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: described emulsified fish oil consumption
Based on feedstuff gross weight 2%.
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| CN201410313106.7A CN104186960B (en) | 2014-07-02 | 2014-07-02 | Epinephelus coioides feed additive and application method thereof |
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| CN104938875A (en) * | 2015-07-28 | 2015-09-30 | 钦州市钦州港七十二泾渔业养殖专业合作社 | Composite probiotics for groupers |
| CN105614177A (en) * | 2016-03-10 | 2016-06-01 | 青岛七好生物科技股份有限公司 | Rainbow trout juvenile fish compound feed with low nitrogen and phosphorus emission |
| CN105995183A (en) * | 2016-05-12 | 2016-10-12 | 集美大学 | Epinephelus coioicles ecological feed formula and preparation method |
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| CN104186960A (en) | 2014-12-10 |
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