CN104186152A - Tomato intensification seedling cultivating technology - Google Patents
Tomato intensification seedling cultivating technology Download PDFInfo
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- CN104186152A CN104186152A CN201410409674.7A CN201410409674A CN104186152A CN 104186152 A CN104186152 A CN 104186152A CN 201410409674 A CN201410409674 A CN 201410409674A CN 104186152 A CN104186152 A CN 104186152A
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Abstract
The invention provides a tomato intensification seedling cultivating technology. A seedling cultivating method comprises the following steps of matrix preparing, seed processing, sowing, seedling emerging, timely pinching and strong double-branch cultivating. The tomato intensification seedling cultivating technology has the advantages that operation is easy, the production cost is low, the land utilization rate is high, the double-vine pruning technology is adopted after field planting of seedlings, tomatoes bear early, and the early-stage yield is obviously improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the plant cultivation field in cuttage raise seedling technique, relate in particular to a kind of tomato intensive seedling production technology.
Background technology
Tomato (Tomato), another name tomato, tomato, originate in South America, in Peru and Mexico, is referred to as at first " wolf peach ", and tamato fruit is nutritious, and tool flavour is to be deeply subject to one of vegetables that everybody likes.Tomato is imported China into about the 17th century, and 20 beginnings of the century started a large amount of plantations in China, is solanaceous vegetables and the protection ground vegetable variety of China's area under cultivation maximum at present, and the year-round supply of China vegetables has been played to very important effect.Current various types of tomato variety all has plantation in China, be divided into and eat tomato (storage tolerance raw, mouthfeel is good) and processing tomato (pigment content is high, acidity is large, pericarp is thick, self sealing top), eat tomato planting area raw maximum, main minute haw tomato (for example neat Dary of Syngenta Co.,Ltd, Steamed dumpling with pork，mushrooms and bamboo shoots tomato (for example UEFA Champions League of Sheng Nisi company) and cherry and tomato (fruit use, as the sunlight in summer of Hai Zela company).At present the tomato variety of plantation be all first generation cross-fertilize seed, because tomato seeds is less, breeds cost high, and take import seed as main, and seed price costliness, generally adopts the mode of seedling raising and transplanting to plant.
At present, domestic tomato seedling generally adopts matrix point disk seedling growing, by culture facility, can divide Cold frame, shed to grow seedlings and intensive seedling production, in seed sowing cave being coiled while growing seedlings, seedling one strain is stayed in every cave, and a growing point is only stayed in every strain, adopts single climing training type to produce after field planting; Such seed is converted at most a young plant, because seed costs is high, so tomato seedling price is also higher, has improved peasant household's production cost.
summary of the invention:
The problem to be solved in the present invention is for above problem, and a kind of Tomato technology is provided, and has overcome tradition and has grown seedlings, growing point of every strain, the sowing quantity of growing seedlings is large, uses the defect that seedling medium is many, adopts after this seedling growing process, have easy to operate, production cost is low, and the advantage that land utilization rate is high adopts two climing pruning techniques after Seeding planting, tomato bears fruit early, and early yield obviously improves.
For overcoming the above problems, the technical solution used in the present invention is as follows: a kind of tomato intensive seedling production technology, and described seedling method comprises the following steps:
(1) prepare matrix: select 50 or 72 hole plastics cave dishes; Seedling medium is the peat composed of rotten mosses: perlite: vermiculite=3:1:1; Every cube of matrix adds 50% powder of carbendazim 40g, mixes thoroughly after rear fastener film covers 2～3 days and takes film off.
(2) seed treatment: broadcast front use 10% trisodium phosphate aqueous solution seed soaking 20min, then with clear water, clean seed, change 20～30 ℃ of water logging kind 4～5h, then vernalization 24～48h.
(3) sow and emerge: sowing depth is advisable with 1cm, after planting watering permeablely, and covering with plastic film removes mulch film after having seed to break ground; Tomato seedling cotyledon only sprays clear water before launching completely, after cotyledon launches completely, spray special fertilizer for seedling culture (the auspicious Lay of the U.S. grow seedlings composite fertilizer) with watering.
(4) pinching in good time: when seedling grew true leaf in the time of the 2nd day, tomato seedling is carried out to pinching processing.
(5) cultivate healthy and strong two branch: after pinching, must keep moisture, nutrient to continue supply, keep 25 ℃ of day temperature, night, temperature was not less than 16 ℃, need change cave dish direction every day, and cotyledon axil place two lateral buds are sprouted simultaneously; After pinching 7 days, axil place two lateral buds of cotyledon started to sprout, and continued the direction of conversion cave dish every day simultaneously, made bilateral branch growth even; When growing to 3 leaf 1 core, seedling side shoot gets final product field planting.Hardening is carried out in field planting for first 2 days.
(6) management after field planting: during kind field planting, density suggestion spacing in the rows is 65～73cm, line-spacing 60cm, is 0.62～0.7 times of common cultivation Seeding planting density, adopts two climing training types to carry out cultivation management.
As preferably, seedling-cultivating tray is selected 50 or 72 holes dishes; After tomato seedling cotyledon launches completely, then with watering, spray the fertilizer of growing seedlings; Tomato seedling has just grown the 2nd day pinching the best of true leaf, and this step is the committed step of this seedling growing process; From tomato seedling pinching, to field planting, need to change every day the direction of cave dish, make seedling bilateral branch accept uniformly illumination and nutrition; During field planting, density suggestion spacing in the rows is 65～73cm, and line-spacing 60cm is 0.62～0.7 times of common cultivation Seeding planting density, adopts two climing training types to carry out cultivation management.
Utilize intensive seedling production mode to cultivate the two branch of tomato seedlings, grow seedlings and carry out with pruning simultaneously, management by synchronization, carries out the multiple-effect control same period to temperature, moisture, nutrition, cultivates the healthy and strong two branches of tomato growth.The method has not only improved seed and matrix availability, has reduced seedling cost.
The present invention adopts above technical scheme, compared with prior art, has the following advantages: tomato, as herbaceos perennial, grows vigorous, easily gives birth to side shoot, and this technology is utilized the easily feature of raw side shoot of tomato, by oriented management, cultivates the two branch of tomato seedlings.
Adopt the method for the invention to cultivate tomato seedling, both retained the advantage of intensive seedling production, improved again the availabilitys such as seed, matrix, seedbed, fertilizer, reduced the amount of labour used.In identical field planting area situation, save seed more than 40%, save seedling medium 30%, save seedbed area 43%, save fertilizer 15%, save manually 18%, greatly reduce seedling cost, improved benefit.
Seedling-cultivating method environment of the present invention has met simultaneously grows seedlings and the required reproductive condition of growth-promoting side shoot, has realized the management by synchronization of growing seedlings and prune, and simultaneous completion is simple to operation, is applicable to promoting.
Seedling-cultivating method of the present invention combines the advantage of tomato intensive seedling production technology and the two strain seedling growing processs of tomato, has overcome again the deficiency of the two, and through Experimental Comparison, matrix, moisture, fertilizer, seedbed availability have improved more than 30%; After field planting, tomato adopts two climing training arts, and every mu is reduced greatly by seedling amount, manage easier, saving labour, tomato early yield obviously improves.
In sum: seedling-cultivating method of the present invention had both retained the advantage of intensive seedling production, improve again the availabilitys such as seed, matrix, seedbed, fertilizer, reduced production cost, improved benefit; After field planting, tomato adopts two climing training arts, and every mu is obviously reduced by seedling amount, and management cost is low, and tomato early yield obviously improves, and to intensive seedling production technology and the two climing pruning techniques of tomato, applies significant.
embodiment:
Below in conjunction with instantiation, embodiments of the present invention are described:
Embodiment 1:
Two branch tomato intensive seedling production technology, comprise the following steps:
(1) prepare matrix: mid-February in early spring, in winter brooder, keep temperature of shed at 16～30 ℃; Seedling medium is the peat composed of rotten mosses: perlite: vermiculite=3:1:1; Every cube of matrix adds 50% powder of carbendazim 40g, mixes thoroughly after rear fastener film covers 2～3 days and takes film off.
(2) seed treatment: broadcast front use 10% trisodium phosphate aqueous solution seed soaking (haw, Steamed dumpling with pork，mushrooms and bamboo shoots and cherry and tomato kind all can) 20 minutes, then with clear water, clean seed, change 20～30 ℃ of water logging kinds 4～5 hours, then vernalization 24～48 hours.
Grow seedlings and select 72 hole plastics cave dishes, matrix is filled to flat cave dish naturally, with hole pressing device, press hole depth 1cm to be advisable, prepare sowing.
(3) sow and emerge: after planting with perlite, cover top, lid waters permeable after putting down, and covering with plastic film, within 5 days, after having seed to break ground, removes mulch film, now only sprays clear water; After the 8th day, cotyledon launches completely, can spray with watering special fertilizer for seedling culture (the auspicious Lay of the U.S. grow seedlings composite fertilizer).
(4) pinching is processed: approximately 13 everyday after, when seedling grows true leaf the 2nd day, tomato seedling is carried out to pinching processing.
(5) cultivate healthy and strong two branch: after pinching, must keep moisture, nutrient to continue supply, keep day temperature not higher than 28 ℃, night, temperature was not less than 16 ℃, need change cave dish direction every day simultaneously, and cotyledon axil place two lateral buds are sprouted simultaneously; After pinching 7 days (after planting 20 days), axil place two lateral buds of cotyledon start to sprout, and continue the direction of conversion cave dish every day simultaneously, make bilateral branch growth even, and the two branch of tomato seedling rate reaches 97.8%; About seedling age 35 days, seedling side shoot gets final product field planting while growing to 3 leaf 1 core, and the two branch growth regularities of seedling reach 95.3%, and field planting can be carried out hardening in first 2 days.
(6) management after field planting: spacing in the rows is 65～73cm, line-spacing 60cm, is 0.62～0.7 times of common cultivation Seeding planting density, adopts two climing training types to carry out cultivation management.
Adopt the method for the invention to cultivate tomato seedling, both retained the advantage of intensive seedling production, improved again the availabilitys such as seed, matrix, seedbed, fertilizer, reduced the amount of labour used; In identical field planting area situation, save seed more than 40%, save seedling medium 30%, save seedbed area 43%, save fertilizer 15%, save manually 18%, greatly reduce seedling cost, improved benefit.
Embodiment 2:
Two branch tomato intensive seedling production technology, comprise the following steps:
(1) prepare matrix: mid-July in summer, in seedling growth greenhouse, keep temperature of shed at 16～30 ℃; Seedling medium is the peat composed of rotten mosses: perlite: vermiculite=3:1:1; Every cube of matrix adds 50% powder of carbendazim 40g, mixes thoroughly after rear fastener film covers 2～3 days and takes film off.
(2) seed treatment: broadcast front use 10% trisodium phosphate aqueous solution seed soaking (haw, Steamed dumpling with pork，mushrooms and bamboo shoots and cherry and tomato kind all can) 20 minutes, then with clear water, clean seed, change 20～30 ℃ of water logging kinds 4～5 hours, then vernalization 24～48 hours.
Select 50 hole plastics cave dishes, matrix is filled to flat cave dish naturally, with hole pressing device, press hole depth 1cm to be advisable, prepare sowing.
(3) sow and emerge: after planting with perlite, cover top, lid waters permeable after putting down, and covering with plastic film, within 4 days, after having seed to break ground, removes mulch film, now only sprays clear water; After the 7th day, cotyledon launches completely, can spray with watering special fertilizer for seedling culture (the auspicious Lay of the U.S. grow seedlings composite fertilizer).
(4) pinching in good time, after approximately 11 days, when seedling grows true leaf the 2nd day, is carried out pinching processing to tomato seedling.
(5) cultivate healthy and strong two branch: after pinching, must keep moisture, nutrient to continue supply, keep day temperature not higher than 28 ℃, night, temperature was not less than 16 ℃, need change cave dish direction every day simultaneously, and cotyledon axil place two lateral buds are sprouted simultaneously; After pinching 7 days (after planting 18 days), axil place two lateral buds of cotyledon start to sprout, and continue the direction of conversion cave dish every day simultaneously, make bilateral branch growth even, and the two branch of tomato seedling rate reaches 98.2%; About seedling age 32 days, seedling side shoot gets final product field planting while growing to 3 leaf 1 core, and the two branch growth regularities of seedling reach 96.1%, and field planting can be carried out hardening in first 2 days.
(6) density during field planting: spacing in the rows is 65～73cm, line-spacing 60cm, is 0.62～0.7 times of common cultivation Seeding planting density, adopts two climing training types to carry out cultivation management.
Adopt the method for the invention to cultivate tomato seedling, both retained the advantage of intensive seedling production, improved again the availabilitys such as seed, matrix, seedbed, fertilizer, reduced the amount of labour used.In identical field planting area situation, save seed more than 40%, save seedling medium 24%, save seedbed area 33%, save fertilizer 12%, save manually 18%, greatly reduce seedling cost, improved benefit.
In the above-described embodiments, preferred forms of the present invention is described, obviously, under inventive concept of the present invention, still can make a lot of variations.At this, should illustrate, any change of making under inventive concept of the present invention all will fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a tomato intensive seedling production technology, is characterized in that: comprise and prepare matrix, seed treatment and sowing and emerge.
2. tomato intensive seedling production technology according to claim 1, is characterized in that: after described insemination and emergence, also need to carry out in good time pinching, cultivate the management after healthy and strong two branch and field planting.
3. tomato intensive seedling production technology according to claim 2, is characterized in that: described in good time pinching is specially: when seedling grew true leaf in the time of the 2nd day, tomato seedling is carried out to pinching processing.
4. tomato intensive seedling production technology according to claim 3, is characterized in that: the healthy and strong two branches of described cultivation are specially:
(1) after pinching, must keep moisture, nutrient to continue supply, keep 25 ℃ of day temperature, night, temperature was not less than 16 ℃, changed cave dish direction every day, and cotyledon axil place two lateral buds are sprouted simultaneously;
(2) after pinching 7 days, axil place two lateral buds of cotyledon started to sprout, and continued the direction of conversion cave dish every day simultaneously, made bilateral branch growth even;
(3) when seedling side shoot grows to 3 leaf 1 core, get final product field planting, hardening is carried out in field planting for first 2 days.
5. tomato intensive seedling production technology according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: the management after described field planting is specially: during kind field planting, density suggestion spacing in the rows is 65～73cm, line-spacing 60cm, is 0.62～0.7 times of common cultivation Seeding planting density, adopts two climing training types to carry out cultivation management.
6. tomato intensive seedling production technology according to claim 4, is characterized in that: described this seedling growing process is saved seed 40%, saves seedling medium 30%, saves seedbed area 43%, saves fertilizer 15%, saved artificial 18%.
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Cited By (6)
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| CN104620809A (en) * | 2015-01-15 | 2015-05-20 | 河北科技师范学院 | Method for increasing cropping index while improving tomato breeding field soil |
| CN104705054A (en) * | 2015-02-14 | 2015-06-17 | 李德新 | Quick tomato seedling cultivation method |
| CN105248264A (en) * | 2015-10-19 | 2016-01-20 | 西藏自治区农牧科学院蔬菜研究所 | Cherry tomato soilless culturing method on plateau area |
| CN106576786A (en) * | 2016-11-30 | 2017-04-26 | 巫溪县天贵农业科技发展有限公司 | Tomato planting method |
| CN111631031A (en) * | 2020-06-09 | 2020-09-08 | 山东省伟丽种苗科学研究院 | Seedling raising method for grafting double-stem seedlings on muskmelon |
| CN112690139A (en) * | 2019-12-16 | 2021-04-23 | 赣南医学院 | Method for camellia oleifera bud stock grafting container seedling raising |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104620809A (en) * | 2015-01-15 | 2015-05-20 | 河北科技师范学院 | Method for increasing cropping index while improving tomato breeding field soil |
| CN104705054A (en) * | 2015-02-14 | 2015-06-17 | 李德新 | Quick tomato seedling cultivation method |
| CN105248264A (en) * | 2015-10-19 | 2016-01-20 | 西藏自治区农牧科学院蔬菜研究所 | Cherry tomato soilless culturing method on plateau area |
| CN105248264B (en) * | 2015-10-19 | 2018-01-12 | 西藏自治区农牧科学院蔬菜研究所 | A kind of highlands cherry and tomato soilless culture method |
| CN106576786A (en) * | 2016-11-30 | 2017-04-26 | 巫溪县天贵农业科技发展有限公司 | Tomato planting method |
| CN112690139A (en) * | 2019-12-16 | 2021-04-23 | 赣南医学院 | Method for camellia oleifera bud stock grafting container seedling raising |
| CN111631031A (en) * | 2020-06-09 | 2020-09-08 | 山东省伟丽种苗科学研究院 | Seedling raising method for grafting double-stem seedlings on muskmelon |
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