CN104160951B - The selection of the interim maintainer completely of a kind of rapeseed plant recessive Genetic Sterility homotype - Google Patents

The selection of the interim maintainer completely of a kind of rapeseed plant recessive Genetic Sterility homotype Download PDF

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CN104160951B
CN104160951B CN201410406806.0A CN201410406806A CN104160951B CN 104160951 B CN104160951 B CN 104160951B CN 201410406806 A CN201410406806 A CN 201410406806A CN 104160951 B CN104160951 B CN 104160951B
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strain
dual purpose
sterile
alms bowl
isozygotys
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CN104160951A (en
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吴新杰
陈凤祥
胡宝成
李强生
江莹芬
荣松柏
梅新全
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Institute Of Crops Anhui Academy Of Agricultural Sciences
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Abstract

The invention discloses the selection of the interim maintainer completely of a kind of rapeseed plant recessive Genetic Sterility homotype, the present invention is used for the interim maintainer seed selection completely of homotype of the specific dual purpose lines that isozygotys, utilize the fertile pollen that the sterile strain of heterozygous produces after certain high temperature stress process, carry out backcross breeding with specific sterile strain of isozygotying in dual purpose lines to form, compared with traditional breeding method, remarkable minimizing backcrosses number of times, greatly shortens the seed selection time; The pollen used that at every turn backcrosses is all that the sterile strain of heterozygous provides, and the purpose that backcrosses is strong; Breeding Effect is suitable with molecular marking supplementary breeding method with the time.

Description

The selection of the interim maintainer completely of a kind of rapeseed plant recessive Genetic Sterility homotype
Technical field
The invention belongs to napus lines seed selection field, particularly relate to the selection of the interim maintainer completely of a kind of rapeseed plant recessive Genetic Sterility homotype.
Background technology
Recessive epistatically GMS is a kind of important channel that rape heterosis utilizes, this utilization ways obtained National Technical patent of invention (ZL97125803.1) in 2003, this patented method successfully realizes rapeseed plant recessive Genetic Sterility and to isozygoty dual purpose lines, interim maintainer and the production of hybrid seeds of restorer three series mating completely, first produce complete sterile line with the sterile strain of isozygotying in dual purpose lines and interim maintainer completely during the production of hybrid seeds, then produce crossbreed by complete sterile line and restorer.
In breeding process, interim maintainer is completely bred as often through different approaches with the dual purpose lines that isozygotys, and the two is except relevant fertile gene difference, and other proterties are also not quite similar.Triple hybrid is actually like this by the dual purpose lines that isozygotys, the interim completely crossbreed that maintainer and restorer are produced.The regularity of triple hybrid does not have single cross hybrid good, production on easily by seed distributors and peasant think seed purity difference and be difficult to accept.
The interim maintainer completely of homotype is the one of interim maintainer completely, and be characterized in that with the corresponding dual purpose lines that isozygotys be near-isogenic line, in theory except relevant fertile gene difference, other proterties should be identical or substantially identical.The complete sterile line utilizing the interim maintainer completely of homotype and the dual purpose lines that isozygotys to produce, is near-isogenic line with its parents.Such complete sterile line is hybridized with restorer again, and the crossbreed of producing is real is single cross hybrid, and regularity is high, is easily accepted by seed distributors and peasant household.Therefore, the interim complete maintainer of homotype is more important than general interim complete maintainer in actual applications.
The selection of the interim maintainer completely of homotype is a lot, mainly contain two kinds of strategies at present: one is for the existing dual purpose lines that isozygotys, or be first bred as the dual purpose lines that isozygotys, then do recurrent parent with strain sterile in the dual purpose lines that isozygotys to backcross with interim maintainer completely, generally backcross the interim maintainer completely of homotype that more than 8 generations just can be bred as this dual purpose lines that isozygotys, be characterized in the interim maintainer completely of the homotype of the specific dual purpose lines that isozygotys of applicable seed selection, and according to the fertility of backcross progeny each time, the conservation rate of selected individual plant can be measured, select purpose strong; Shortcoming is that the seed selection time is oversize, and need more than 20 from generation to generation, its technology path is shown in Fig. 1; Two is that structure one has various fertility-related gene type, and meet the colony of breeding objective, therefrom select the interim maintainer completely of isozygoty dual purpose lines and homotype, be characterized in isozygotying dual purpose lines and the interim maintainer completely of homotype can seed selections simultaneously, and efficiency is high simultaneously; Difficult point needs in Breeding Process to be detected by test cross or molecular marking technique, guarantee that target gene type can not be lost, often adopt molecular marking technique in practice, greatly improve efficiency of selection in conjunction with Foreground selection and foreground selection, but molecules inside markers work amount is very large.Wherein Fig. 1 is traditional breeding method flow diagram, and its effect is for backcross through more than 8 times, and more than 20 from generation to generation, and its characters of progenies is close to recurrent parent (92.5%).
Have two kinds of sterile strains of genotype in rapeseed plant recessive epistatic interaction Genetic Sterility system, in the dual purpose lines that namely isozygotys, sterile pnca gene type isozygotys, and is homozygous sterile strain; Complete sterile line genotype is heterozygosis, is the sterile strain of heterozygous.The susceptibility of the sterile strain sterility of this two type to temperature there are differences, and at a lower temperature, the sterile strain of two types all shows thoroughly sterile, is difficult to distinguish; And under certain high temperature stress process, the sterility of the sterility strain more sterile than heterozygous of homozygous sterile strain is more stable.The genotype of these two kinds of sterile strains can be identified according to this phenomenon, and declared National Technical patent of invention (201410231271.8).
Further research shows that the sterile strain of heterozygous can produce certain fertile pollen after certain high temperature stress process, and has certain self-fruitfulness, and this characteristic is applied in the present invention.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide the interim maintainer selection completely of homotype of the specific dual purpose lines that isozygotys of a kind of rapeseed plant recessive Genetic Sterility.
The present invention adopts following technical scheme to achieve these goals:
A selection for the interim maintainer completely of rapeseed plant recessive Genetic Sterility homotype, is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
(1), rape isozygotys dual purpose lines and interim maintainer field planting in normal season completely;
(2), the florescence, hybridizes as male parent with interim maintainer completely as female parent with strain sterile in the dual purpose lines that isozygotys;
(3), above-mentioned hybrid seed F is gathered in the crops 1;
(4), Second Year or the second season are by hybrid seed F 1with the dual purpose lines that isozygotys field planting in normal season;
(5), F 1individual plant squaring period moves into the basin alms bowl with bottom outlet, the strain of every basin one, and rape is planted into land for growing field crops together with basin alms bowl;
(6), the sterile strain of band basin alms bowl places in phytotron or illumination box by peduncle-growing period for rapeseed, controls to process 14-16 hour under the illumination condition of 34-36 DEG C;
(7), after above-mentioned high temperature stress process, remove basin alms bowl immediately, land for growing field crops is transplanted in sterile strain;
(8), when fertile pollen appears in sterile strain, backcross to strain flower pollination sterile in the dual purpose lines that isozygotys with fertile pollen;
(9), above-mentioned first backcross generation seed BC is gathered in the crops 1;
(10), the 3rd year or the third quarter are by first backcross generation seed BC 1with the dual purpose lines that isozygotys field planting in normal season;
(11), from BC 1select the individual plant being inclined to the dual purpose lines that isozygotys, moved into the basin alms bowl with bottom outlet squaring period, the strain of every basin one, rape is planted into land for growing field crops together with basin alms bowl;
(12), the sterile strain of band basin alms bowl is placed in phytotron or illumination box by peduncle-growing period for rapeseed, after controlling to process 14-16 hour under the illumination condition of 34-36 DEG C, remove basin alms bowl immediately, land for growing field crops is transplanted in sterile strain, cultivation is embarked on journey apart from about 40cm, about spacing in the rows 40cm;
(13), when fertile pollen appears in partial sterility strain, backcross to strain flower pollination sterile in the dual purpose lines that isozygotys with fertile pollen;
(14), above-mentioned second backcross generation seed BC is gathered in the crops 2;
(15), the 4th year or the fourth season are by second backcross generation seed BC 2with the dual purpose lines that isozygotys field planting in normal season;
(16), from BC 2select the individual plant being inclined to the dual purpose lines that isozygotys, moved into the basin alms bowl with bottom outlet squaring period, the strain of every basin one, rape is planted into land for growing field crops together with basin alms bowl;
(17), the sterile strain of band basin alms bowl is placed in phytotron or illumination box by peduncle-growing period for rapeseed, after controlling to process 14-16 hour under the illumination condition of 34-36 DEG C, remove basin alms bowl immediately, land for growing field crops is transplanted in sterile strain, cultivation is embarked on journey apart from about 40cm, about spacing in the rows 40cm; When fertile pollen appears in partial sterility strain, backcross to strain flower pollination sterile in the dual purpose lines that isozygotys with fertile pollen;
(18), above-mentioned third backcross generation's seed BC is gathered in the crops 3;
(19), the 5th year or the 5th season are by third backcross generation's seed BC 3normal season field planting;
(20), from BC 3select the individual plant being inclined to the dual purpose lines that isozygotys, moved into the basin alms bowl with bottom outlet squaring period, the strain of every basin one, rape is planted into land for growing field crops together with basin alms bowl;
(21), the sterile strain of band basin alms bowl places in phytotron or illumination box by peduncle-growing period for rapeseed, controls to process 14-16 hour under the illumination condition of 34-36 DEG C;
(22), after high temperature stress process, remove basin alms bowl immediately, land for growing field crops is transplanted in sterile strain, plant and embark on journey apart from about 60cm, about spacing in the rows 60cm;
(23), 1-2 days before sterile strain is bloomed, with the rectangular-shaped non-woven bag of long about 40cm, wide about 40cm, high 100-150cm, rape is entangled, interior support is propped up, in order to wherein growth of rape self-fertility, cloth bag bottom is concordant with ground, stop insect to enter, prevent biology hybrid, 1 non-woven bag is overlapped in every strain;
(24), at bagging remove non-woven bag after about 30 days, and unnecessary bud is removed;
(25), single de-results BC is received by individual plant list 3f 2;
(26), the 6th year or the sterile individual plant selfing seed BC that the 6th season previous generation gathered in the crops 3f 2plant into strain, the educated individual plant bagging selfing of dual purpose lines of selecting again to tend to most in the strain of dual purpose lines of tending to most to isozygoty to isozygoty;
(27) quality of dual purpose lines of, according to target isozygotying and appearance requirement, educate individual plant selfing offspring screen above-mentioned, and therefrom final election goes out target and to isozygoty the interim maintainer completely of homotype of dual purpose lines.
The selection of the interim maintainer completely of described a kind of rapeseed plant recessive Genetic Sterility homotype, is characterized in that: in step (7), land for growing field crops is transplanted in sterile strain, plants and embark on journey apart from about 40cm, about spacing in the rows 40cm.
Operation principle:
Research finds that in rapeseed plant recessive epistatic interaction Genetic Sterility system, the sterile strain of heterozygous, after certain high temperature stress process, can produce certain fertile pollen, and have certain self-fruitfulness.According to this characteristic, recurrent parent is made at the utilization dual purpose lines that isozygotys, general interim complete maintainer as donor parents come seed selection isozygoty the homotype of dual purpose lines interim maintainer completely time, first with the sterile strain of isozygotying in dual purpose lines and general interim complete maintainer hybridization, filial generation is the sterile strain of heterozygous; The sterile strain of heterozygous produces fertile pollen after certain high temperature stress process, pollinates, thus complete first backcross generation with fertile pollen to the sterile strain flower that target is isozygotied in dual purpose lines.Theoretical according to correlated inheritance, first backcross generation is all sterile strain, and wherein half plant is homozygous sterile strain in theory, and second half plant is the sterile strain of heterozygous.Select the sterile strain being inclined to the dual purpose lines that isozygotys through same high temperature stress process, wherein the sterile strain of heterozygous can produce fertile pollen again, can complete second backcross generation.Use the same method, continue to backcross.The close dual purpose lines more than 90% that isozygotys of the 3 generation proterties that backcrosses.
Theoretical according to correlated inheritance, in the sterile strain self progeny of heterozygous, fertile plant genotype is the genotype of interim maintainer completely.Backcross 3 generation above colony after certain high temperature stress process, from the fertile plant colony of the wherein sterile strain self progeny of heterozygous, just can select the interim maintainer completely of recessive cytoblast sterile homotype.
Be selection flow chart of the present invention see Fig. 2, its effect is for backcross through more than 3 times, and more than 6 from generation to generation, and its characters of progenies is close to recurrent parent (93.8%).
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
The method is for the interim maintainer seed selection completely of homotype of the specific dual purpose lines that isozygotys of rapeseed plant recessive Genetic Sterility, utilize the sterile strain of heterozygous can produce certain fertile pollen and have this characteristic of certain self-fruitfulness after certain high temperature stress process, in conjunction with backcross breeding method, backcross through more than 3 times, more than 6 from generation to generation, just can be bred as the interim maintainer completely of homotype of the specific dual purpose lines that isozygotys.Compared with its traditional breeding method, significantly reduce the number of times that backcrosses, greatly shorten the seed selection time; The pollen used that at every turn backcrosses is all that the sterile strain of heterozygous provides, and the purpose that backcrosses is strong.Breeding Effect is suitable with molecular marking supplementary breeding method with the time.The method is simple to operate, reliable results, is easy to apply.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is traditional breeding method flow diagram;
Fig. 2 is the inventive method flow chart.
Embodiment
A selection for the interim maintainer completely of rapeseed plant recessive Genetic Sterility homotype, comprises the following steps:
(1), rape isozygotys dual purpose lines and interim maintainer field planting in normal season completely;
(2), the florescence, hybridizes as male parent with interim maintainer completely as female parent with strain sterile in the dual purpose lines that isozygotys;
(3), above-mentioned hybrid seed F is gathered in the crops 1;
(4), Second Year or the second season are by hybrid seed F 1with the dual purpose lines that isozygotys field planting in normal season;
(5), F 1individual plant squaring period moves into the basin alms bowl with bottom outlet, the strain of every basin one, and rape is planted into land for growing field crops together with basin alms bowl;
(6), the sterile strain of band basin alms bowl places in phytotron or illumination box by peduncle-growing period for rapeseed, controls to process 15 hours under the illumination condition of 35 DEG C;
(7), after above-mentioned high temperature stress process, remove basin alms bowl immediately, land for growing field crops is transplanted in sterile strain, plant and embark on journey apart from 40cm, spacing in the rows 40cm;
(8), when fertile pollen appears in sterile strain, backcross to strain flower pollination sterile in the dual purpose lines that isozygotys with fertile pollen;
(9), above-mentioned first backcross generation seed BC is gathered in the crops 1;
(10), the 3rd year or the third quarter are by first backcross generation seed BC 1with the dual purpose lines that isozygotys field planting in normal season;
(11), from BC 1select the individual plant being inclined to the dual purpose lines that isozygotys, moved into the basin alms bowl with bottom outlet squaring period, the strain of every basin one, rape is planted into land for growing field crops together with basin alms bowl;
(12), the sterile strain of band basin alms bowl places in phytotron or illumination box by peduncle-growing period for rapeseed, after controlling to process 15 hours under the illumination condition of 35 DEG C, removes basin alms bowl immediately, land for growing field crops is transplanted in sterile strain, plant and embark on journey apart from 40cm, spacing in the rows 40cm;
(13), when fertile pollen appears in partial sterility strain, backcross to strain flower pollination sterile in the dual purpose lines that isozygotys with fertile pollen;
(14), above-mentioned second backcross generation seed BC is gathered in the crops 2;
(15), the 4th year or the fourth season are by second backcross generation seed BC 2with the dual purpose lines that isozygotys field planting in normal season;
(16), from BC 2select the individual plant being inclined to the dual purpose lines that isozygotys, moved into the basin alms bowl with bottom outlet squaring period, the strain of every basin one, rape is planted into land for growing field crops together with basin alms bowl;
(17), the sterile strain of band basin alms bowl places in phytotron or illumination box by peduncle-growing period for rapeseed, after controlling to process 15 hours under the illumination condition of 35 DEG C, removes basin alms bowl immediately, land for growing field crops is transplanted in sterile strain, plant and embark on journey apart from 40cm, spacing in the rows 40cm; When fertile pollen appears in partial sterility strain, backcross to strain flower pollination sterile in the dual purpose lines that isozygotys with fertile pollen;
(18), above-mentioned third backcross generation's seed BC is gathered in the crops 3;
(19), the 5th year or the 5th season third backcross generation seed BC 3normal season field planting;
(20), from BC 3select the individual plant being inclined to the dual purpose lines that isozygotys, moved into the basin alms bowl with bottom outlet squaring period, the strain of every basin one, rape is planted into land for growing field crops together with basin alms bowl;
(21), the sterile strain of band basin alms bowl places in phytotron or illumination box by peduncle-growing period for rapeseed, controls to process 15 hours under the illumination condition of 35 DEG C;
(22), after high temperature stress process, remove basin alms bowl immediately, land for growing field crops is transplanted in sterile strain, plant and embark on journey apart from 60cm, spacing in the rows 60cm;
(23), 1-2 days before sterile strain is bloomed, with the rectangular-shaped non-woven bag of long 40cm, wide 40cm, high 100-150cm, rape is entangled, interior support is propped up, in order to wherein growth of rape self-fertility, cloth bag bottom is concordant with ground, stop insect to enter, prevent biology hybrid, 1 non-woven bag is overlapped in every strain;
(24), at bagging remove non-woven bag after 30 days, and unnecessary bud is removed;
(25), single de-results BC is received by individual plant list 3f 2;
(26), the 6th year or the sterile individual plant selfing seed BC that the 6th season previous generation gathered in the crops 3f 2plant into strain, the educated individual plant bagging selfing of dual purpose lines of selecting again to tend to most in the strain of dual purpose lines of tending to most to isozygoty to isozygoty;
(27) quality of dual purpose lines of, according to target isozygotying and appearance requirement, educate individual plant selfing offspring screen above-mentioned, and therefrom final election goes out target and to isozygoty the interim maintainer completely of homotype of dual purpose lines.
Experimental result is as shown in table 1, table 2, table 3.
Table 1:F 1, BC 1, BC 2with sterile strain filial generation fertility performance in the dual purpose lines that isozygotys after generation part heterozygous sterile plant height temperature Stress treatment
Table 2:BC 3self progeny fertility performance after partial sterility plant height temperature Stress treatment from generation to generation
Table 3:BC 3f 2from generation to generation part fertile plant selfing and with sterile strain test cross offspring fertility performance in the dual purpose lines that isozygotys

Claims (2)

1. a selection for the interim maintainer completely of rapeseed plant recessive Genetic Sterility homotype, is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
(1), rape isozygotys dual purpose lines and interim maintainer field planting in normal season completely;
(2), the florescence, hybridizes as male parent with interim maintainer completely as female parent with strain sterile in the dual purpose lines that isozygotys;
(3), above-mentioned hybrid seed F is gathered in the crops 1;
(4), Second Year or the second season are by hybrid seed F 1with the dual purpose lines that isozygotys field planting in normal season;
(5), F 1individual plant squaring period moves into the basin alms bowl with bottom outlet, the strain of every basin one, and rape is planted into land for growing field crops together with basin alms bowl;
(6), the sterile strain of band basin alms bowl places in phytotron or illumination box by peduncle-growing period for rapeseed, controls to process 14-16 hour under the illumination condition of 34-36 DEG C;
(7), after above-mentioned high temperature stress process, remove basin alms bowl immediately, land for growing field crops is transplanted in sterile strain;
(8), when fertile pollen appears in sterile strain, backcross to strain flower pollination sterile in the dual purpose lines that isozygotys with fertile pollen;
(9), above-mentioned first backcross generation seed BC is gathered in the crops 1;
(10), the 3rd year or the third quarter are by first backcross generation seed BC 1with the dual purpose lines that isozygotys field planting in normal season;
(11), from BC 1select the individual plant being inclined to the dual purpose lines that isozygotys, moved into the basin alms bowl with bottom outlet squaring period, the strain of every basin one, rape is planted into land for growing field crops together with basin alms bowl;
(12), the sterile strain of band basin alms bowl places in phytotron or illumination box by peduncle-growing period for rapeseed, after controlling to process 14-16 hour under the illumination condition of 34-36 DEG C, removes basin alms bowl immediately, land for growing field crops is transplanted in sterile strain, plant and embark on journey apart from 40cm, spacing in the rows 40cm;
(13), when fertile pollen appears in partial sterility strain, backcross to strain flower pollination sterile in the dual purpose lines that isozygotys with fertile pollen;
(14), above-mentioned second backcross generation seed BC is gathered in the crops 2;
(15), the 4th year or the fourth season are by second backcross generation seed BC 2with the dual purpose lines that isozygotys field planting in normal season;
(16), from BC 2select the individual plant being inclined to the dual purpose lines that isozygotys, moved into the basin alms bowl with bottom outlet squaring period, the strain of every basin one, rape is planted into land for growing field crops together with basin alms bowl;
(17), the sterile strain of band basin alms bowl places in phytotron or illumination box by peduncle-growing period for rapeseed, after controlling to process 14-16 hour under the illumination condition of 34-36 DEG C, removes basin alms bowl immediately, land for growing field crops is transplanted in sterile strain, plant and embark on journey apart from 40cm, spacing in the rows 40cm; When fertile pollen appears in partial sterility strain, backcross to strain flower pollination sterile in the dual purpose lines that isozygotys with fertile pollen;
(18), above-mentioned third backcross generation's seed BC is gathered in the crops 3;
(19), the 5th year or the 5th season are by third backcross generation's seed BC 3normal season field planting;
(20), from BC 3select the individual plant being inclined to the dual purpose lines that isozygotys, moved into the basin alms bowl with bottom outlet squaring period, the strain of every basin one, rape is planted into land for growing field crops together with basin alms bowl;
(21), the sterile strain of band basin alms bowl places in phytotron or illumination box by peduncle-growing period for rapeseed, controls to process 14-16 hour under the illumination condition of 34-36 DEG C;
(22), after high temperature stress process, remove basin alms bowl immediately, land for growing field crops is transplanted in sterile strain, plant and embark on journey apart from 60cm, spacing in the rows 60cm;
(23), 1-2 days before sterile strain is bloomed, with the rectangular-shaped non-woven bag of long 40cm, wide 40cm, high 100-150cm, rape is entangled, interior support is propped up, in order to wherein growth of rape self-fertility, cloth bag bottom is concordant with ground, stop insect to enter, prevent biology hybrid, 1 non-woven bag is overlapped in every strain;
(24), at bagging remove non-woven bag after 30 days, and unnecessary bud is removed;
(25), single de-results BC is received by individual plant list 3f 2;
(26), the 6th year or the sterile individual plant selfing seed BC that the 6th season previous generation gathered in the crops 3f 2plant into strain, the educated individual plant bagging selfing of dual purpose lines of selecting again to tend to most in the strain of dual purpose lines of tending to most to isozygoty to isozygoty;
(27) quality of dual purpose lines of, according to target isozygotying and appearance requirement, educate individual plant selfing offspring screen above-mentioned, and therefrom final election goes out target and to isozygoty the interim maintainer completely of homotype of dual purpose lines.
2. the selection of the interim maintainer completely of a kind of rapeseed plant recessive Genetic Sterility homotype according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in step (7), land for growing field crops is transplanted in sterile strain, plants and embark on journey apart from 40cm, spacing in the rows 40cm.
CN201410406806.0A 2014-08-18 2014-08-18 The selection of the interim maintainer completely of a kind of rapeseed plant recessive Genetic Sterility homotype Expired - Fee Related CN104160951B (en)

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CN106508760B (en) * 2016-11-23 2019-03-12 中国科学院海洋研究所 A kind of selection of bay scallop high temperature resistant new lines
CN107041294B (en) * 2017-03-07 2019-09-10 浙江省农业科学院 A kind of method of rapeseed plant recessive Genetic Sterility temporary maintainer line and homozygous sterile line of the breeding with identical genetic background

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