CN104160951A - Breeding method for rapeseed recessive genic male sterility homotype temporary complete maintainer line - Google Patents
Breeding method for rapeseed recessive genic male sterility homotype temporary complete maintainer line Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a breeding method for a rapeseed recessive genic male sterility homotype temporary complete maintainer line. The method is used for breeding the homotype temporary complete maintainer line of a specific homozygous dual-purpose line; fertile pollens are generated by hybrid sterile plants subjected to stressing treatment under certain high temperature, and the rapeseed recessive genic male sterility homotype temporary complete maintainer line is formed by performing backcross breeding on the fertile pollens and sterile plants in the specific homozygous dual-purpose line. Compared with a conventional breeding method, the breeding method disclosed by the invention has the advantages that the backcross times are obviously reduced, and the breeding time is greatly shortened; the pollens used in each backcross are supplied by the c-type hybrid sterile plants, so that the backcross purpose is definite; the breeding effect and the breeding time are the same as those of a molecule labeling auxiliary breeding method.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to rape strain breeding field, relate in particular to the interim selection of maintainer completely of the sterile homotype of a kind of rapeseed plant recessive core.
Background technology
Recessive epistatic interaction core is sterile is a kind of important channel that rape heterosis utilizes, this utilized approach to obtain national technological invention patent (ZL97125803.1) in 2003, this patented method successfully realizes the sterile dual-purpose system of isozygotying of rapeseed plant recessive core, interim maintainer and the production of hybrid seeds of restorer three series mating completely, when the production of hybrid seeds, first produce complete sterile line by the sterile strain of isozygotying in dual-purpose system and interim maintainer completely, then with complete sterile line and restorer production crossbreed.
In breeding process, interim maintainer completely is often bred as by different approaches with the dual-purpose system of isozygotying, and the two is except relevant fertile gene difference, and other proterties are also not quite similar.The crossbreed of producing by the dual-purpose system of isozygotying, interim maintainer completely and restorer is like this actually triple hybrid.The regularity of triple hybrid does not have single cross hybrid good, is easily thought by seed distributors and peasant that seed purity is poor and be difficult to accept on producing.
The interim maintainer completely of homotype is the interim one of maintainer completely, is characterized in that with the dual-purpose system of isozygotying be accordingly near-isogenic line, and except relevant fertile gene difference, other proterties should be identical or basic identical in theory.The complete sterile line that utilizes the interim maintainer completely of homotype and the dual-purpose system of isozygotying to produce, is near-isogenic line with its parents.Such complete sterile line is hybridized with restorer again, and the crossbreed of producing is single cross hybrid in fact, and regularity is high, is easily accepted by seed distributors and peasant household.Therefore, the interim maintainer completely of homotype is more important than general interim complete maintainer in actual applications.
The selection of the interim maintainer completely of homotype is a lot, mainly contain at present two kinds of strategies: the one, for the existing dual-purpose system of isozygotying, or be first bred as the dual-purpose system of isozygotying, then doing recurrent parent with sterile strain in the dual-purpose system of isozygotying backcrosses with interim maintainer completely, the above interim maintainer completely of homotype that just can be bred as this dual-purpose system of isozygotying of 8 generations generally backcrosses, be characterized in being applicable to the interim maintainer completely of homotype of the specific dual-purpose system of isozygotying of seed selection, and according to the fertility of backcross progeny each time, can measure the conservation rate of selected individual plant, select purpose strong; Shortcoming is that the seed selection time is oversize, needs 20 above from generation to generation, and its technology path is shown in Fig. 1; The 2nd, build one and there are various fertility-related gene types, and meet the colony of breeding objective, therefrom select isozygoty dual-purpose system and the interim maintainer completely of homotype simultaneously, the seed selection simultaneously of the interim maintainer completely of be characterized in isozygotying dual-purpose system and homotype, efficiency is high; Difficult point is in Breeding Process, to need to detect by test cross or molecular marking technique, guarantee that target gene type can not lose, often adopt in practice molecular marking technique, greatly improve efficiency of selection in conjunction with background selection and foreground selection, but indoor molecular labeling workload is very large.Wherein Fig. 1 is traditional selection flow chart, and its effect is to backcross above through 8 times, and 20 above from generation to generation, and its characters of progenies approaches recurrent parent (92.5%).
In rapeseed plant recessive epistatic interaction caryon sterile line system, have two kinds of sterile strains of genotype, in the dual-purpose system of isozygotying, sterile pnca gene type isozygotys, and is homozygous sterile strain; Complete sterile line genotype is heterozygosis, is the sterile strain of heterozygous.These two types sterile strain sterility there are differences the susceptibility of temperature, and at a lower temperature, it is thoroughly sterile that two types of sterile strains all show, and are difficult to distinguish; And under certain high temperature stress is processed, the sterility of homozygous sterile strain is more stable than the sterility of the sterile strain of heterozygous.Can identify the genotype of these two kinds of sterile strains according to this phenomenon, and declare national technological invention patent (201410231271.8).
Further research shows that the sterile strain of heterozygous can produce certain fertile pollen after certain high temperature stress is processed, and has certain self-fruitfulness, and this characteristic is applied in the present invention.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide the interim maintainer selection completely of homotype of the sterile specific dual-purpose system of isozygotying of a kind of rapeseed plant recessive core.
The present invention adopts following technical scheme to achieve these goals:
The interim selection for maintainer completely of the sterile homotype of rapeseed plant recessive core, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
(1), isozygoty dual-purpose system and interim maintainer field planting in normal season completely of rape;
(2), the florescence, hybridizes as male parent with interim maintainer completely as female parent with sterile strain in the dual-purpose system of isozygotying;
(3), gather in the crops above-mentioned hybrid seed F
1;
(4), Second Year or the second season are by hybrid seed F
1with the dual-purpose system field planting in normal season that isozygotys;
(5), F
1individual plant moves into the basin alms bowl with bottom outlet squaring period, every basin one strain, and rape is planted into land for growing field crops together with basin alms bowl;
(6), peduncle-growing period for rapeseed places the sterile strain with basin alms bowl in phytotron or illumination box, be controlled under the illumination condition of 34-36 DEG C and process 14-16 hour;
(7), after above-mentioned high temperature stress processes, remove immediately basin alms bowl, sterile strain is transplanted to land for growing field crops;
(8), in the time there is fertile pollen in sterile strain, backcross to the sterile strain flower pollination in dual-purpose system of isozygotying with fertile pollen;
(9), gather in the crops above-mentioned first backcross generation seed BC
1;
(10), the 3rd year or the third quarter are by first backcross generation seed BC
1with the dual-purpose system field planting in normal season that isozygotys;
(11), from BC
1the individual plant of selecting to be inclined to the dual-purpose system of isozygotying, is moved into the basin alms bowl with bottom outlet squaring period, every basin one strain, and rape is planted into land for growing field crops together with basin alms bowl;
(12), peduncle-growing period for rapeseed will be placed in phytotron or illumination box with the sterile strain of basin alms bowl, be controlled under the illumination condition of 34-36 DEG C and process after 14-16 hour, remove immediately basin alms bowl, sterile strain is transplanted to land for growing field crops, cultivation is embarked on journey apart from 40cm left and right, spacing in the rows 40cm left and right;
(13), in the time there is fertile pollen in partial sterility strain, backcross to the sterile strain flower pollination in dual-purpose system of isozygotying with fertile pollen;
(14), gather in the crops above-mentioned second backcross generation seed BC
2;
(15), the 4th year or the fourth season are by second backcross generation seed BC
2with the dual-purpose system field planting in normal season that isozygotys;
(16), from BC
2the individual plant of selecting to be inclined to the dual-purpose system of isozygotying, is moved into the basin alms bowl with bottom outlet squaring period, every basin one strain, and rape is planted into land for growing field crops together with basin alms bowl;
(17), peduncle-growing period for rapeseed will be placed in phytotron or illumination box with the sterile strain of basin alms bowl, be controlled under the illumination condition of 34-36 DEG C and process after 14-16 hour, remove immediately basin alms bowl, sterile strain is transplanted to land for growing field crops, cultivation is embarked on journey apart from 40cm left and right, spacing in the rows 40cm left and right; In the time that fertile pollen appears in partial sterility strain, backcross to the sterile strain flower pollination in dual-purpose system of isozygotying with fertile pollen;
(18), gather in the crops above-mentioned third backcross generation's seed BC
3;
(19), the 5th year or the 5th season are by third backcross generation's seed BC
3normal season field planting;
(20), from BC
3the individual plant of selecting to be inclined to the dual-purpose system of isozygotying, is moved into the basin alms bowl with bottom outlet squaring period, every basin one strain, and rape is planted into land for growing field crops together with basin alms bowl;
(21), peduncle-growing period for rapeseed places the sterile strain with basin alms bowl in phytotron or illumination box, be controlled under the illumination condition of 34-36 DEG C and process 14-16 hour;
(22), after high temperature stress processes, remove immediately basin alms bowl, sterile strain is transplanted to land for growing field crops, plant and embark on journey apart from 60cm left and right, spacing in the rows 60cm left and right;
(23), 1-2 days before sterile strain is bloomed, rape is entangled with the rectangular-shaped non-woven bag of long 40cm left and right, wide 40cm left and right, high 100-150cm, interiorly prop up with support, in order to growth of rape self-fertility wherein, cloth bag bottom is concordant with ground, stop insect to enter, prevent biology hybrid, 1 non-woven bag of every strain cover;
(24), after bagging is about 30 days, remove non-woven bag, and the removal of unnecessary bud;
(25), press individual plant list and receive single de-results BC
3f
2;
(26), the 6th year or the 6th season are by the sterile individual plant selfing seed BC of previous generation results
3f
2plant into strain, the educated individual plant bagging selfing of the dual-purpose system of selecting again to tend to most to isozygoty in the strain of dual-purpose system of tending to most to isozygoty;
(27), according to target isozygoty quality and the appearance requirement of dual-purpose system, educate individual plant selfing offspring and screen again above-mentioned, therefrom final election goes out the isozygoty interim maintainer completely of homotype of dual-purpose system of target.
The interim selection of maintainer completely of the described sterile homotype of a kind of rapeseed plant recessive core, is characterized in that: in step (7), sterile strain is transplanted to land for growing field crops, plant and embark on journey apart from 40cm left and right, spacing in the rows 40cm left and right.
Operation principle:
Research finds that in rapeseed plant recessive epistatic interaction caryon sterile line system, the sterile strain of heterozygous, after certain high temperature stress is processed, can produce certain fertile pollen, and have certain self-fruitfulness.According to this characteristic, make recurrent parent in the utilization dual-purpose system of isozygotying, when general interim complete maintainer is carried out seed selection and is isozygotied the interim maintainer completely of homotype of dual-purpose system as donor parents, first with the sterile strain of isozygotying in dual-purpose system and general interim complete maintainer hybridization, filial generation is the sterile strain of heterozygous; The sterile strain of heterozygous produces fertile pollen after certain high temperature stress is processed, and pollinates with the sterile strain flower that fertile pollen isozygotys in dual-purpose system to target, thereby completes first backcross generation.According to correlated inheritance theory, first backcross generation is all sterile strain, and wherein half plant is homozygous sterile strain in theory, and second half plant is the sterile strain of heterozygous.Select the sterile strain of being inclined to the dual-purpose system of isozygotying through same high temperature stress processing, wherein the sterile strain of heterozygous can produce again fertile pollen, can complete second backcross generation.Use the same method, continue to backcross.Backcross 3 generation proterties approach that to isozygoty dual-purpose be more than 90%.
According to correlated inheritance theory, in the sterile strain self progeny of heterozygous, fertile plant genotype is the interim genotype of maintainer completely.Backcross 3 generation above colony after certain high temperature stress is processed, from the sterile strain self progeny's of heterozygous wherein fertile plant colony, just can select the interim complete maintainer of recessive cytoblast sterile homotype.
Be selection flow chart of the present invention referring to Fig. 2, its effect is to backcross above through 3 times, and 6 above from generation to generation, and its characters of progenies approaches recurrent parent (93.8%).
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
The method is for the interim maintainer seed selection completely of homotype of the sterile specific dual-purpose system of isozygotying of rapeseed plant recessive core, utilize the sterile strain of heterozygous can produce certain fertile pollen and there is this characteristic of certain self-fruitfulness after certain high temperature stress is processed, in conjunction with backcross breeding method, backcross above through 3 times, 6 above from generation to generation, just can be bred as the interim maintainer completely of homotype of the specific dual-purpose system of isozygotying.Compared with its traditional selection, significantly reduce the number of times that backcrosses, greatly shorten the seed selection time; The pollen used that at every turn backcrosses is all that the sterile strain of heterozygous provides, and the purpose that backcrosses is strong.Breeding Effect and time and molecular marking supplementary breeding method are suitable.The method is simple to operate, and reliable results is easy to apply.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is traditional selection flow chart;
Fig. 2 is the inventive method flow chart.
Embodiment
The interim selection for maintainer completely of the sterile homotype of rapeseed plant recessive core, comprises the following steps:
(1), isozygoty dual-purpose system and interim maintainer field planting in normal season completely of rape;
(2), the florescence, hybridizes as male parent with interim maintainer completely as female parent with sterile strain in the dual-purpose system of isozygotying;
(3), gather in the crops above-mentioned hybrid seed F
1;
(4), Second Year or the second season are by hybrid seed F
1with the dual-purpose system field planting in normal season that isozygotys;
(5), F
1individual plant moves into the basin alms bowl with bottom outlet squaring period, every basin one strain, and rape is planted into land for growing field crops together with basin alms bowl;
(6), peduncle-growing period for rapeseed places the sterile strain with basin alms bowl in phytotron or illumination box, be controlled under the illumination condition of 35 DEG C and process 15 hours;
(7), after above-mentioned high temperature stress processes, remove immediately basin alms bowl, sterile strain is transplanted to land for growing field crops, plant and embark on journey apart from 40cm, spacing in the rows 40cm;
(8), in the time there is fertile pollen in sterile strain, backcross to the sterile strain flower pollination in dual-purpose system of isozygotying with fertile pollen;
(9), gather in the crops above-mentioned first backcross generation seed BC
1;
(10), the 3rd year or the third quarter are by first backcross generation seed BC
1with the dual-purpose system field planting in normal season that isozygotys;
(11), from BC
1the individual plant of selecting to be inclined to the dual-purpose system of isozygotying, is moved into the basin alms bowl with bottom outlet squaring period, every basin one strain, and rape is planted into land for growing field crops together with basin alms bowl;
(12), peduncle-growing period for rapeseed places the sterile strain with basin alms bowl in phytotron or illumination box, is controlled under the illumination condition of 35 DEG C and processes after 15 hours, removes immediately basin alms bowl, and sterile strain is transplanted to land for growing field crops, plant and embark on journey apart from 40cm, spacing in the rows 40cm;
(13), in the time there is fertile pollen in partial sterility strain, backcross to the sterile strain flower pollination in dual-purpose system of isozygotying with fertile pollen;
(14), gather in the crops above-mentioned second backcross generation seed BC
2;
(15), the 4th year or the fourth season are by second backcross generation seed BC
2with the dual-purpose system field planting in normal season that isozygotys;
(16), from BC
2the individual plant of selecting to be inclined to the dual-purpose system of isozygotying, is moved into the basin alms bowl with bottom outlet squaring period, every basin one strain, and rape is planted into land for growing field crops together with basin alms bowl;
(17), peduncle-growing period for rapeseed places the sterile strain with basin alms bowl in phytotron or illumination box, is controlled under the illumination condition of 35 DEG C and processes after 15 hours, removes immediately basin alms bowl, and sterile strain is transplanted to land for growing field crops, plant and embark on journey apart from 40cm, spacing in the rows 40cm; In the time that fertile pollen appears in partial sterility strain, backcross to the sterile strain flower pollination in dual-purpose system of isozygotying with fertile pollen;
(18), gather in the crops above-mentioned third backcross generation's seed BC
3;
(19), the 5th year or the 5th season third backcross generation seed BC
3normal season field planting;
(20), from BC
3the individual plant of selecting to be inclined to the dual-purpose system of isozygotying, is moved into the basin alms bowl with bottom outlet squaring period, every basin one strain, and rape is planted into land for growing field crops together with basin alms bowl;
(21), peduncle-growing period for rapeseed places the sterile strain with basin alms bowl in phytotron or illumination box, be controlled under the illumination condition of 35 DEG C and process 15 hours;
(22), after high temperature stress processes, remove immediately basin alms bowl, sterile strain is transplanted to land for growing field crops, plant and embark on journey apart from 60cm, spacing in the rows 60cm;
(23), 1-2 days before sterile strain is bloomed, rape is entangled with the rectangular-shaped non-woven bag of long 40cm, wide 40cm, high 100-150cm, interiorly prop up with support, in order to growth of rape self-fertility wherein, cloth bag bottom is concordant with ground, stop insect to enter, prevent biology hybrid, 1 non-woven bag of every strain cover;
(24), after 30 days, remove non-woven bag at bagging, and unnecessary bud remove;
(25), press individual plant list and receive single de-results BC
3f
2;
(26), the 6th year or the 6th season are by the sterile individual plant selfing seed BC of previous generation results
3f
2plant into strain, the educated individual plant bagging selfing of the dual-purpose system of selecting again to tend to most to isozygoty in the strain of dual-purpose system of tending to most to isozygoty;
(27), according to target isozygoty quality and the appearance requirement of dual-purpose system, educate individual plant selfing offspring and screen again above-mentioned, therefrom final election goes out the isozygoty interim maintainer completely of homotype of dual-purpose system of target.
Experimental result is as shown in table 1, table 2, table 3.
Table 1:F
1, BC
1, BC
2from generation to generation after the sterile plant height temperature of part heterozygous Stress treatment with the dual-purpose system of isozygotying in sterile strain filial generation fertility show
Table 2:BC
3self progeny's fertility performance after partial sterility plant height temperature Stress treatment from generation to generation
Table 3:BC
3f
2from generation to generation part fertile plant selfing and with the dual-purpose system of isozygotying in sterile strain test cross offspring fertility performance
Claims (2)
1. the interim selection for maintainer completely of the sterile homotype of rapeseed plant recessive core, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
(1), isozygoty dual-purpose system and interim maintainer field planting in normal season completely of rape;
(2), the florescence, hybridizes as male parent with interim maintainer completely as female parent with sterile strain in the dual-purpose system of isozygotying;
(3), gather in the crops above-mentioned hybrid seed F
1;
(4), Second Year or the second season are by hybrid seed F
1with the dual-purpose system field planting in normal season that isozygotys;
(5), F
1individual plant moves into the basin alms bowl with bottom outlet squaring period, every basin one strain, and rape is planted into land for growing field crops together with basin alms bowl;
(6), peduncle-growing period for rapeseed places the sterile strain with basin alms bowl in phytotron or illumination box, be controlled under the illumination condition of 34-36 DEG C and process 14-16 hour;
(7), after above-mentioned high temperature stress processes, remove immediately basin alms bowl, sterile strain is transplanted to land for growing field crops;
(8), in the time there is fertile pollen in sterile strain, backcross to the sterile strain flower pollination in dual-purpose system of isozygotying with fertile pollen;
(9), gather in the crops above-mentioned first backcross generation seed BC
1;
(10), the 3rd year or the third quarter are by first backcross generation seed BC
1with the dual-purpose system field planting in normal season that isozygotys;
(11), from BC
1the individual plant of selecting to be inclined to the dual-purpose system of isozygotying, is moved into the basin alms bowl with bottom outlet squaring period, every basin one strain, and rape is planted into land for growing field crops together with basin alms bowl;
(12), peduncle-growing period for rapeseed will be placed in phytotron or illumination box with the sterile strain of basin alms bowl, be controlled under the illumination condition of 34-36 DEG C and process after 14-16 hour, remove immediately basin alms bowl, sterile strain is transplanted to land for growing field crops, cultivation is embarked on journey apart from 40cm left and right, spacing in the rows 40cm left and right;
(13), in the time there is fertile pollen in partial sterility strain, backcross to the sterile strain flower pollination in dual-purpose system of isozygotying with fertile pollen;
(14), gather in the crops above-mentioned second backcross generation seed BC
2;
(15), the 4th year or the fourth season are by second backcross generation seed BC
2with the dual-purpose system field planting in normal season that isozygotys;
(16), from BC
2the individual plant of selecting to be inclined to the dual-purpose system of isozygotying, is moved into the basin alms bowl with bottom outlet squaring period, every basin one strain, and rape is planted into land for growing field crops together with basin alms bowl;
(17), peduncle-growing period for rapeseed will be placed in phytotron or illumination box with the sterile strain of basin alms bowl, be controlled under the illumination condition of 34-36 DEG C and process after 14-16 hour, remove immediately basin alms bowl, sterile strain is transplanted to land for growing field crops, cultivation is embarked on journey apart from 40cm left and right, spacing in the rows 40cm left and right; In the time that fertile pollen appears in partial sterility strain, backcross to the sterile strain flower pollination in dual-purpose system of isozygotying with fertile pollen;
(18), gather in the crops above-mentioned third backcross generation's seed BC
3;
(19), the 5th year or the 5th season are by third backcross generation's seed BC
3normal season field planting;
(20), from BC
3the individual plant of selecting to be inclined to the dual-purpose system of isozygotying, is moved into the basin alms bowl with bottom outlet squaring period, every basin one strain, and rape is planted into land for growing field crops together with basin alms bowl;
(21), peduncle-growing period for rapeseed places the sterile strain with basin alms bowl in phytotron or illumination box, be controlled under the illumination condition of 34-36 DEG C and process 14-16 hour;
(22), after high temperature stress processes, remove immediately basin alms bowl, sterile strain is transplanted to land for growing field crops, plant and embark on journey apart from 60cm left and right, spacing in the rows 60cm left and right;
(23), 1-2 days before sterile strain is bloomed, rape is entangled with the rectangular-shaped non-woven bag of long 40cm left and right, wide 40cm left and right, high 100-150cm, interiorly prop up with support, in order to growth of rape self-fertility wherein, cloth bag bottom is concordant with ground, stop insect to enter, prevent biology hybrid, 1 non-woven bag of every strain cover;
(24), after bagging is about 30 days, remove non-woven bag, and the removal of unnecessary bud;
(25), press individual plant list and receive single de-results BC
3f
2;
(26), the 6th year or the 6th season are by the sterile individual plant selfing seed BC of previous generation results
3f
2plant into strain, the educated individual plant bagging selfing of the dual-purpose system of selecting again to tend to most to isozygoty in the strain of dual-purpose system of tending to most to isozygoty;
(27), according to target isozygoty quality and the appearance requirement of dual-purpose system, educate individual plant selfing offspring and screen again above-mentioned, therefrom final election goes out the isozygoty interim maintainer completely of homotype of dual-purpose system of target.
2. the interim selection of maintainer completely of the sterile homotype of a kind of rapeseed plant recessive core according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in step (7), sterile strain is transplanted to land for growing field crops, plant and embark on journey apart from 40cm left and right, spacing in the rows 40cm left and right.
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CN106508760A (en) * | 2016-11-23 | 2017-03-22 | 中国科学院海洋研究所 | Breeding method for novel high-temperature-resistant variety of bay scallop |
CN107041294A (en) * | 2017-03-07 | 2017-08-15 | 浙江省农业科学院 | A kind of method that seed selection has the rapeseed plant recessive Genetic Sterility temporary maintainer line and homozygous sterile line of identical genetic background |
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Cited By (4)
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CN106508760A (en) * | 2016-11-23 | 2017-03-22 | 中国科学院海洋研究所 | Breeding method for novel high-temperature-resistant variety of bay scallop |
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CN107041294A (en) * | 2017-03-07 | 2017-08-15 | 浙江省农业科学院 | A kind of method that seed selection has the rapeseed plant recessive Genetic Sterility temporary maintainer line and homozygous sterile line of identical genetic background |
CN107041294B (en) * | 2017-03-07 | 2019-09-10 | 浙江省农业科学院 | A kind of method of rapeseed plant recessive Genetic Sterility temporary maintainer line and homozygous sterile line of the breeding with identical genetic background |
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