CN107667852B - Production method and application of rice seeds - Google Patents
Production method and application of rice seeds Download PDFInfo
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- CN107667852B CN107667852B CN201711054039.1A CN201711054039A CN107667852B CN 107667852 B CN107667852 B CN 107667852B CN 201711054039 A CN201711054039 A CN 201711054039A CN 107667852 B CN107667852 B CN 107667852B
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- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 145
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 145
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 title 1
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 claims abstract description 145
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000009396 hybridization Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 210000003812 trophozoite Anatomy 0.000 claims 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 17
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 15
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002068 genetic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000282414 Homo sapiens Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000002582 Oryza sativa Indica Group Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000008467 Oryza sativa Japonica Group Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000209504 Poaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000014509 gene expression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007429 general method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010903 husk Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000644 propagated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012113 quantitative test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/02—Methods or apparatus for hybridisation; Artificial pollination ; Fertility
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Breeding Of Plants And Reproduction By Means Of Culturing (AREA)
- Pretreatment Of Seeds And Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a production method of rice seeds and application thereof. The production method comprises the following steps: s1: carrying out hybridization or multi-variety compound hybridization or character heterozygote generated by biological, physical and chemical methods and the like on a first rice variety and a second rice variety, and collecting F1 generation rice heterozygote seeds; s2: sowing and cultivating the F1 generation rice heterozygous seeds, and collecting F2 generation rice seeds; s3: sowing and cultivating the rice seeds of the F2 generation, and collecting the rice seeds of the F3 generation; s4: sowing and cultivating the rice seeds of the F3 generation, then selfing, and collecting the rice seeds of the F4 generation; s5-1: sowing and cultivating the rice seeds of the F4 generation, then carrying out population stability identification, and carrying out regeneration propagation on rice stakes of the F3 generation corresponding to the F4 generation population which reaches the stability standard; and continuously cultivating the material obtained by regeneration propagation, and collecting seeds after selfing to obtain the seeds required by the invention.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of rice planting, in particular to a production method and application of rice seeds.
Background
Rice, an annual grass plant, is about 1.2 meters in height, has long and flat leaves, and has a panicle consisting of many spikelets. The obtained seeds are rice, and the rice is called rice or rice after husking. The rice can be classified into indica rice and japonica rice, early rice and middle and late rice, glutinous rice and non-glutinous rice. The rice grains formed by the rice are called rice or rice after being shelled. Besides being edible, the rice can also be used as raw materials in the brewing and sugar industry, and rice husks and rice straws also have multiple uses. Rice belongs to the genus of Gramineae, and is an extremely old crop. According to archaeology, the planting history of rice in China is at least 7000 years. The cultivated rice in the world includes Asian cultivated rice, African cultivated rice and the like. The Asian cultivated rice has large planting area and is spread over all rice areas of the world, so the Asian cultivated rice is called as common cultivated rice. A great deal of facts prove that the southern part of China is at least one of the origin centers of common cultivated rice. Since rice is a major food crop for human beings, it is known that there are over 14 thousands of kinds of rice in the world at present, and scientists are continuously developing new rice species to increase the yield. The production of rice seeds is accomplished by the generation propagation of the seeds, which requires that the seeds produced by each generation are genetically substantially identical to maintain the consistency of the seeds produced by each generation. The general method is to make the breeding material stable genetically after selfing eight nine or more generations, which can ensure the consistency of each generation of the breeding material. However, this method requires many breeding generations and a long breeding cycle, and therefore, it is necessary to develop a novel method for producing rice seeds.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide the production method of the rice seeds, which is characterized in that after the propagation material is selfed for two to three generations, plant trophosome with stable properties of the propagation material after selfing for one generation is selected for reproduction of the regenerated seedlings, so that the consistency of the propagation material after selfing for one generation is always kept, the generation replacement of the variety is completed, and the characteristics of the variety are not changed.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
the invention provides a production method of rice seeds, which comprises the following steps: s1: carrying out hybridization or multi-variety compound hybridization or character heterozygote generated by biological, physical and chemical methods and the like on a first rice variety and a second rice variety, and collecting F1 generation rice heterozygote seeds; s2: sowing and cultivating the F1 generation rice heterozygous seeds, and collecting F2 generation rice seeds; s3: sowing and cultivating the rice seeds of the F2 generation, and collecting the rice seeds of the F3 generation; s4: sowing and cultivating the rice seeds of the F3 generation, then selfing, and collecting the rice seeds of the F4 generation; s5-1: sowing and cultivating the rice seeds of the F4 generation, then carrying out population stability identification, and carrying out regeneration propagation on rice stakes of the F3 generation corresponding to the F4 generation population which partially reaches the stability standard; and continuously cultivating the material obtained by regeneration propagation, and collecting seeds after selfing to finally obtain the rice seeds required by the invention. The method of the invention also comprises the following steps: s5-2: sowing and cultivating the F4 generation rice seeds, then carrying out population stability identification, and collecting F5 generation rice seeds from part of F4 generation populations which do not reach the stability standard; s6-1: sowing and cultivating the rice seeds of the F5 generation, then carrying out population stability identification, and carrying out regeneration propagation on rice stakes of the F4 generation corresponding to the F5 generation population which partially reaches the stability standard; and continuously cultivating the regenerated and propagated material, and collecting seeds after selfing, namely the rice seeds required by the invention.
In a further embodiment of the present invention, the propagation is a vegetative regenerative shoot propagation in steps S5-1 and S5-2.
In a further embodiment of the present invention, rice stakes obtained by sowing and cultivating the rice seeds of the F3 or F4 generations in steps S4 and S6-1 are subjected to annual regeneration planting under isolated conditions, and divided into plants continuously until the regenerated seedlings reach the desired number of seedlings.
In a further embodiment of the present invention, the location where the rice is planted annually in steps S4 and S5-2 is a region where the rice can grow annually, including the Hainan island and the like.
In a further embodiment of the present invention, the collected seeds may be subjected to a population production application in steps S5 and S6-1.
The invention also protects the application of the production method of the rice seeds in the production of the restorer line seeds of hybrid rice.
The invention also protects the application of the production method of the rice seeds in the production of the dual-purpose sterile line seeds.
The technical scheme provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) according to the production method of the rice seeds, the breeding material is selfed for two to three generations and then the previous generation plant vegetative mass regenerated seedling with stable property of the breeding material after selfing for one generation is selected for breeding, so that the genotype of the vegetative mass is kept consistent, the consistency of the breeding material after selfing for one generation is ensured, the generation replacement of the variety is completed, and the characteristic of the variety is ensured to be unchanged; (2) the production method of the rice seeds provided by the invention can complete a breeding cycle within four to five generations, while the method in the prior art needs more than ten generations; the breeding material of the method has less self-breeding times, and the genotype heterozygosity is higher than that of the breeding material of the method in the prior art; (3) the production method of the rice seeds provided by the invention adopts the steps that rice stakes of F3 generation or F4 generation are planted annually under the condition of isolation in the area similar to Hainan island, and plants are continuously divided until regenerated seedlings are enough to plant the seedlings required by tens of mu; the key point is that the original rice stump is continuously left for expanding and dividing the plant to ensure that the seedling for reproduction is used in the next season, and the self-bred seeds of several or dozens of mu of seedlings are used as seeds required by large-area production; although the batch of seeds are not homozygous and stable enough genetically, the genetic consistency of all the seeds is ensured by continuously separating and expanding the plants by the nutrient bodies of the generation, and the generation can be kept stable and consistent in phenotype; (4) the production method of the rice seeds provided by the invention can be applied to the seed production of conventional rice varieties, and also can be applied to the production of restorer line seeds of hybrid rice and the production of dual-purpose sterile line seeds; especially has special function to the sterile starting point temperature drift of the dual-purpose sterile line seeds.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a method for producing rice seeds according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing a method for producing rice seeds in a comparative example of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. The following examples are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly, and therefore are only examples, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby.
The experimental procedures in the following examples are conventional unless otherwise specified. The test materials used in the following examples were purchased from a conventional store unless otherwise specified. In the quantitative tests in the following examples, three replicates were set, and the data are the mean or the mean ± standard deviation of the three replicates.
Examples
As shown in fig. 1, this embodiment provides a method for producing rice seeds, comprising the following steps:
s1: carrying out hybridization or multi-variety compound hybridization or character heterozygote generated by biological, physical and chemical methods and the like on a first rice variety and a second rice variety, and collecting F1 generation rice heterozygote seeds;
s2: sowing and cultivating the F1 generation rice heterozygous seeds, and collecting F2 generation rice seeds;
s3: sowing and cultivating the rice seeds of the F2 generation, and collecting the rice seeds of the F3 generation;
s4: sowing and cultivating the F3 rice seeds, planting the cultivated rice piles in a year round under the condition of Hainan island isolation, continuously dividing the plants until the regenerated seedlings reach the required seedling number, then selfing, and collecting the F4 rice seeds;
s5-1: sowing and cultivating the rice seeds of the F4 generation, then carrying out population stability identification, and carrying out regeneration propagation on rice stakes of the F3 generation corresponding to the F4 generation population which partially reaches the stability standard; the material obtained by regeneration propagation is continuously cultivated, and seeds are collected after selfing, so that the seeds become the seeds.
S5-2: sowing and cultivating the F4 generation rice seeds, then carrying out population stability identification, and collecting F5 generation rice seeds from part of F4 generation populations which do not reach the stability standard;
s6-1: sowing and cultivating the rice seeds of the F5 generation, then carrying out population stability identification, and carrying out regeneration propagation on rice stakes of the F4 generation corresponding to the F5 generation population which partially reaches the stability standard; the material obtained by regeneration propagation is continuously cultivated, and seeds are collected after selfing, so that the seeds become the seeds.
Comparative example
As shown in fig. 2, the present comparative example provides a method for producing rice seeds, comprising the steps of:
s1: carrying out hybridization or multi-variety compound hybridization or character heterozygote generated by biological, physical and chemical methods and the like on a first rice variety and a second rice variety, and collecting F1 generation rice heterozygote seeds;
s2: sowing and cultivating the F1 generation rice heterozygous seeds, and collecting F2 generation rice seeds;
s3: sowing and cultivating the rice seeds of the F2 generation, and collecting the rice seeds of the F3 generation;
s4: sowing and cultivating the rice seeds of the F3 generation, then selfing, and collecting the rice seeds of the F4 generation;
s5: and repeating the step S4 for multiple generations, and collecting the rice seeds of the F8-Fn generations.
Seeds collected after selfing at step S5-1 in the present example were planted, and the phenotypic stability of the progeny was observed, and the results are described in table 1 below.
TABLE 1 phenotype of progeny harvested for seed planting after selfing
| Generation of offspring | Phenotypic stability |
| Batch 1 of F4 | Stable and consistent phenotype |
| Batch 2 of F4 | Stable and consistent phenotype |
| Batch 3 of F4 | Stable and consistent phenotype |
| Batch 4 of F4 | Stable and consistent phenotype |
| Batch 5 of F4 | Stable and consistent phenotype |
The technical scheme provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) according to the production method of the rice seeds, the regeneration seedling of the previous generation plant nutrient body with stable property of the propagation material after the propagation material is selfed for two to three generations only is selected for breeding, so that the genotype of the nutrient body is kept consistent, the consistency of the propagation material after the propagation material is selfed for one generation is always ensured, and the generation replacement of the variety is not carried out, so that the characteristic of the variety is not changed; (2) the production method of the rice seeds provided by the invention can complete a breeding cycle within four to five generations, while the method in the prior art needs more than ten generations; the breeding material of the method has less self-breeding times, and the genotype heterozygosity is higher than that of the breeding material of the method in the prior art; (3) the production method of the rice seeds provided by the invention adopts the steps that rice stakes of F3 generation or F4 generation are planted annually under the condition of isolation in the area similar to Hainan island, and plants are continuously divided until regenerated seedlings are enough to plant the seedlings of dozens of mu; the key point is that the original rice stump is continuously left for expanding and dividing the plant to ensure that the seedling for reproduction is used in the next season, and the self-bred seeds of several or dozens of mu of seedlings are used as seeds required by large-area production; although the batch of seeds are not homozygous and stable enough genetically, the genetic consistency of all the seeds is ensured by continuously separating and expanding the plants by the nutrient bodies of the generation, and the generation can be kept stable and consistent in phenotype; (4) the production method of the rice seeds provided by the invention can be applied to the seed production of conventional rice varieties, and also can be applied to the production of restorer line seeds of hybrid rice and the production of dual-purpose sterile line seeds; especially has special function to the sterile starting point temperature drift of the seeds of the dual-purpose and sterile lines.
It is to be noted that, unless otherwise specified, technical or scientific terms used herein shall have the ordinary meaning as understood by those skilled in the art to which the invention pertains. Unless specifically stated otherwise, the relative steps, numerical expressions, and values of the components and steps set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention. In all examples shown and described herein, unless otherwise specified, any particular value should be construed as merely illustrative, and not restrictive, and thus other examples of example embodiments may have different values.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "a" and "b" are used only for describing the meaning of "the one" and "the other" in a large number of varieties, and are not to be construed as indicating or implying the technical features of the variety name or variety must be "a" and "b". In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically defined otherwise.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and all of the technical solutions are covered in the protective scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. A method for producing rice seeds, comprising the steps of:
s1: hybridizing the first rice variety and the second rice variety or performing multi-variety compound hybridization to generate a character hybrid, and collecting F1 generation rice hybrid seeds;
s2: sowing and cultivating the hybrid seeds of the rice of the F1 generation, and collecting the rice seeds of the F2 generation;
s3: sowing and cultivating the rice seeds of the F2 generation, and collecting the rice seeds of the F3 generation;
s4: sowing and cultivating the rice seeds of the F3 generation, then selfing, and collecting the rice seeds of the F4 generation; wherein, the rice stakes obtained by sowing and cultivating the rice seeds of the F3 generation or the F4 generation are planted in a regeneration way all the year round under an isolation condition, and the plants are continuously divided until the regeneration seedlings reach the required seedling number; the annual planting place is an area where rice can grow annually, including Hainan island;
s5-1: sowing and cultivating the rice seeds of the F4 generation, then carrying out population stability identification, and carrying out regeneration propagation on rice stakes of the F3 generation corresponding to the F4 generation population which partially reaches the stability standard; continuously cultivating the material obtained by regeneration propagation, collecting seeds after selfing, and finally obtaining the rice seeds; the propagation is the propagation of regeneration seedlings of the trophozoite; wherein the collected seeds can be subjected to a mass production application;
s5-2: sowing and cultivating the F4 generation rice seeds, then carrying out population stability identification, and collecting F5 generation rice seeds from part of F4 generation populations which do not reach the stability standard; sowing the rice seeds of the F3 generation or the F4 generation and cultivating to obtain rice stakes, and carrying out annual regeneration planting under the isolation condition, and continuously dividing plants until the regeneration seedlings reach the required seedling number; the annual planting place is an area where rice can grow annually, including Hainan island;
s6-1: sowing and cultivating the rice seeds of the F5 generation, then carrying out population stability identification, and carrying out regeneration propagation on rice stakes of the F4 generation corresponding to the F5 generation population which partially reaches the stability standard; continuously cultivating the material obtained by regeneration propagation, and collecting seeds after selfing to obtain the rice seeds; the propagation is the propagation of regeneration seedlings of the trophozoite; wherein the collected seeds can be subjected to a mass production application.
2. Use of the method of rice seed production according to claim 1 in the production of restorer line seeds of hybrid rice.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the method is applied to the production of seeds of dual-purpose sterile line.
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| CN105505986B (en) * | 2016-01-15 | 2019-03-12 | 湖南农业大学 | A method for producing regenerated rice tillers in advance to improve the yield of regenerated rice |
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