CN104160943A - Sargassum high-efficiency cultivation and in-situ utilization method - Google Patents
Sargassum high-efficiency cultivation and in-situ utilization method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104160943A CN104160943A CN201410301370.9A CN201410301370A CN104160943A CN 104160943 A CN104160943 A CN 104160943A CN 201410301370 A CN201410301370 A CN 201410301370A CN 104160943 A CN104160943 A CN 104160943A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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Abstract
The invention discloses a sargassum high-efficiency cultivation and in-situ utilization method. Sargassum is cultivated in a net cage, the root of the sargassum is fixed at the bottom of the net cage, choice rare sea food preferring the sargassum is poly-cultured in the net cage at the same time, the net cage is hung in seawater to feed the sargassum and the choice rare sea food, and culture density of the choice rare sea food is controlled to make the feeding rate of the choice rare sea food not larger than the growth rate of the sargassum. By means of the sargassum high-efficiency cultivation and in-situ utilization method, sargassum culture, harvest and processing and choice rare sea food culture are combined and simplified to one step, so that risk in sargassum culture and processing and marketing links is reduced greatly, and labor inputs are reduced. Furthermore, by means of the sargassum, a system environment can be controlled effectively, and survival and growth of the choice rare sea food are facilitated. The cultured sargassum serving as alive bait is free of artificial ingredients and good in quality, the choice rare sea food cultured by means of the sargassum is green and free of pollution compared with choice rare sea food cultured by means of dried sargassum, therefore, the choice rare sea food is favored by consumers, and high economic benefit can be created.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to the method for the efficient cultivation of a kind of sargassum, be specifically related to the method that the efficient cultivation of a kind of sargassum and original position are utilized.
Background technology:
Sargassum is distributed in China coast widely, is the important raw material of industry and the high-quality feed of precious marine product.In recent years, along with the high speed development of China's culture fishery, domestic market is increasing to the demand of sargassum, yet due to factors such as environmental pollution and excessive collections, cause the sargassum resource in natural marine site day by day exhausted, therefore, must take method effectively to propagate artificially it.The sargassum of propagating artificially has fast growth, feed value is high and mucus is few and etc. advantage, simultaneously its cultural technique also reaches its maturity.Yet the fresh sargassum of cultivation generally can not directly utilize, be substantially all, after frond is dried or dried, to store or deep processing, whole process wastes time and energy.
In sargassum breeding process along with the continuous growth of its frond, local density can be increasing, top layer frond meeting shielded from sunlight, be unfavorable for the growth of lower floor's frond, particularly arrived the cultivation later stage, lower floor's frond there will be the phenomenon of rotting to come off owing to can not get sufficient sunlight, greatly reduces cultivation efficiency; In sargassum breeding process, also can suffer the destruction of the harmful organisms such as basket fish; In addition, in frond results, storage, transportation and process, all need to consume a large amount of man power and materials, particularly in the main product ground of sargassum the South China coastal, due to hot climate, humidity, the sargassum storing after airing is especially easily got damp and is mouldy, greatly reduces its value.In order to overcome above-mentioned shortcoming, must find a kind of suitable method and improve cultivation efficiency, and reduce processing and intermediate links equal loss.
Summary of the invention:
The object of this invention is to provide and a kind ofly can make full use of breeding spaces, sargassum is efficiently cultivated, and effectively prevent the infringement of harmful organisms to cultivation sargassum, can as the good bait of precious marine product, obtain the efficient cultivation of sargassum of precious marine product and the method that original position is utilized using cultivating fresh and alive sargassum simultaneously simultaneously.
The method that the efficient cultivation of sargassum of the present invention and original position are utilized, it is characterized in that, in cylinder mould, cultivate sargassum, at the bottom of the root of sargassum is fixed on cylinder mould, in cylinder mould, also raise together with the precious marine product of food sargassum in the family way simultaneously, cylinder mould is hung to be put in and in seawater, carry out sargassum and choice seafood aquiculture, and control the cultivation density of precious marine product, make its grazing rate be not more than the growth rate of sargassum.
Preferably, described cylinder mould, its netpen framework is the common brandreth of stainless steel frame or parcel anti-corrosion material, is shaped as cylindrical or truncated cone-shaped, diameter and highly close, be 0.5～0.8m, framework covers net sheet outward, forms cylinder mould, at the weight of the cylinder mould bottom fixing about 1kg in center of gravity place, so that cylinder mould keeps stable in water body, cylinder mould bottom is fixed with a certain amount of veil.
Preferably, described outer to cover its material of net sheet be common polythene, and mesh aperture is not less than 1cm, and is less than cultivation precious marine product diameter; Both can allow sunlight to enter in cylinder mould, and for sargassum photosynthesis provides the energy, can stop again the harmful organisms such as sea area basket fish to enter in system, protection sargassum avoids the system infringement of marine animal in addition; The precious marine product results that cylinder mould can also conveniently cultivate, improve the rate of recapture.
Preferably, described veil is the nontoxic lighter materials of material such as pvc pipe or corrugated plating, can cover for precious marine product provides, and meanwhile, its surface also can be adhered to diatom, be held back the chip in water body, for precious marine product provides extra food source.
Preferably, described sargassum is the kind that the growths such as half leaf sargassum or Heng Shi sargassum are very fast, be suitable as precious marine product bait; Sargassum rhizoid be dropstone or directly bondage at the bottom of breeding cage, utilize the buoyancy of sargassum self that frond is fully disperseed in cage; The depth of water that regulates cylinder mould to hang, makes sargassum blade major part in the 1m depth of water, is beneficial to frond and absorbs sunlight high-speed rapid growth; For making full use of space and improving the growth rate of sargassum, frond cultivation density is generally 0.5～1kg/ cage.
Preferably, described precious marine product is the kind of the happiness food sargassums such as sea urchin, Bao, Turbo cornulus, and this class precious marine product is attached directly on sargassum and gnaws blade in breeding process, and original position is utilized marine alga; Can raise together with a certain amount of deposition feeding habits sea cucumber, for ingesting and clearing up ight soil and the food debris that food Sargasso Sea treasure produces simultaneously.
The precious marine product cultivating can be ingested and utilize sargassum by direct in-situ, and without sargassum is carried out throwing something and feeding after deep processing again, the product of forming is pollution-free food; On the other hand, sargassum can absorb and utilize the pollutants such as N, P of precious marine product excretion, and purifying aquaculture system environments is conducive to precious marine product growth.
Described choice seafood aquiculture density must rationally be controlled, and makes its grazing rate be not more than the growth rate of sargassum, to maintain the balance of system.
The present invention is than prior art, and its beneficial effect is as follows:
1, utilize cylinder mould cultivation sargassum, can control easily and effectively the cultivation depth of water, make sargassum be grown in best water layer, be conducive to it and make full use of sunlight; Cylinder mould can also protect sargassum to avoid the infringement of the harmful organisms such as basket fish of mariculture area fully, and the sargassum that utilizes cylinder mould cultivation can obtain higher growth rate with respect to the sargassum of conventional cultural method and the growth of natural marine site kelp bed; Cylinder mould is more conducive to the precious marine product results of cultivation, can reduce the labour intensity of fishing for precious marine product, and greatly improve its rate of recapture.
2. sargassum is compared to algae such as sea-tangles, its regeneration capacity is extremely strong, the precious marine products such as the Bao of raising together with in system, sea urchin and the Turbo cornulus sargassum that can constantly ingest, its density is controlled within the specific limits, be conducive to like this its growth, the net output amount of raising together with group sargassum in the unit interval will be far above monoculture group; In addition, sargassum is perennial marine alga, and its rhizoid can remain into next season of growth continuation and sprout, and reaches the effect recycling, and once drops into, for a long time output.
3. utilize the method cultivation sargassum and precious marine product, save results, processing and accumulating supervisor as the sargassum of choice seafood aquiculture bait, can be by marine alga with these two links merging be reduced to a link with choice seafood aquiculture, marine alga is converted into the precious marine product of high value, realize the original position utilization of cultivating seaweed, reduce production costs widely; In addition, in system, can also raise together with deposition feeding habits sea cucumber for removing and utilize residual bait and the ight soil of phytophagy precious marine product, can improve to a deeper level availability and the breeding environment quality of cultivation sargassum.
4. cultivation sargassum can absorb the pollutants such as N, P of precious marine product excretion, and control system environment, is conducive to precious marine product existence and growth effectively; The sargassum cultivating is fresh food, and prosthetic adding ingredient is superior in quality, utilizes the precious marine product of its cultivation compared to the precious marine product green non-pollution that utilizes dry sargassum cultivation, and extremely consumer's favor, can bring higher economic benefit.
Embodiment:
Following examples are to further illustrate of the present invention, rather than limitation of the present invention.
Embodiment 1:
Half leaf sargassum efficiently cultivates and raises together with Anthocidaris crassispina original position and utilizes sargassum.
Make cylinder mould, the framework of cylinder mould is stainless steel frame, be shaped as cylindrical, diameter and be highly 0.5m, at framework, cover net sheet outward, covering its material of net sheet is outward common polythene, its mesh aperture is 1cm, the fragment of brick of fixing about 1kg at center of gravity place, cylinder mould bottom is as weight, so that cylinder mould keeps stable in water body, cylinder mould bottom is fixed with a certain amount of pvc pipe, for providing, precious marine product covers, meanwhile, its surface also can be adhered to diatom, be held back the chip in water body, for precious marine product provides extra food source.
On January 2nd, 2014 starts, and utilizes above-mentioned cylinder mould in Daya Gulf roc Australia marine site, to carry out the cultivation (cultivation density is 0.5kg/ cage, establishes monoculture group and raises together with group) of half leaf sargassum, and raising together with group is in cylinder mould, to raise together with (4/cage of a certain amount of Anthocidaris crassispinas; Average weight in wet base 42.0g/ind), monoculture group only cultivates half leaf sargassum, at the bottom of the root of half leaf sargassum is all fixed on cylinder mould.The fragment of brick that each cylinder mould bottom position of centre of gravity bondage 1kg weighs is as weight; Raising together with group has also added the pvc pipe of some in cage and has covered for sea urchin provides; Cylinder mould is kept hanging in 0.6 meter of of the depth of water.
Result shows, within the experimental period of 37d, in initial 1 week, the growth of monoculture group sargassum is very fast, and the special growth rate of its weight in wet base is 4.3%/d, and raising together with group is 2.8%/d; Subsequently, because monoculture group density is excessive, its growth rate reduces gradually; Raise together with group frond blade integrality obviously not as monoculture group, but its special growth rate has no obvious decline, monoculture group and to raise together with group sargassum weight in wet base very approaching when experiment finishes.On the whole, raise together with group sargassum net output amount (containing sea urchin ingest utilize part) will be much larger than the net output amount of monoculture group sargassum.At experimental session Anthocidaris crassispina, to the grazing rate of sargassum, be 0.9～1.8g/ (ind.d), the special growth rate of its weight in wet base can reach 0.22%/d, the Anthocidaris crassispina of gathering in the crops active strong, quil is complete, average weight in wet base reaches 45.5g, average sexual gland index can be up to 24%, apparently higher than throwing in sea urchin index of correlation initial and that the same period, fished in sea area.Experimental session is respectively organized the facilities such as cylinder mould used and is kept complete always, does not occur the phenomenon that aquaculture organism is escaped.
The present embodiment shows that the monoculture networking cage sargassum that can adequately protect avoids the infringement of the harmful organisms such as sea area basket fish, for sargassum growth provides good environment; Also show that Anthocidaris crassispina can directly ingest and utilize half leaf sargassum, yet ingesting of sea urchin do not limit the quantum of output of sargassum, the Anthocidaris crassispina cultivation density of 4/cage is far below the carrying capacity of system, and each cultivating system also has very large potentiality and can dig.
In addition, add hojothuria leucospilota also to have good effect in raising together with group, the special growth rate of hojothuria leucospilota weight in wet base can reach 1.2%, and the growth rate of sargassum and sea urchin be subject to obvious impact.The present embodiment shows to utilize cylinder mould cultivation sargassum and in system, raises together with precious marine product that marine alga is carried out to original position utilization is feasible, if carry out large-scale promotion, can bring high economy and environment benefit.
Claims (7)
1. the method for the efficient cultivation of a sargassum and original position utilization, it is characterized in that, in cylinder mould, cultivate sargassum, at the bottom of the root of sargassum is fixed on cylinder mould, in cylinder mould, also raise together with the precious marine product of food sargassum in the family way simultaneously, cylinder mould is hung to be put in and in seawater, carry out sargassum and choice seafood aquiculture, and control the cultivation density of precious marine product, make its grazing rate be not more than the growth rate of sargassum.
2. method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described cylinder mould, its netpen framework is the common brandreth of stainless steel frame or parcel anti-corrosion material, is shaped as cylindrical or truncated cone-shaped, diameter and be highly 0.5～0.8m, framework covers net sheet outward, forms cylinder mould, and in cylinder mould bottom, center of gravity place is fixed with weight, so that cylinder mould keeps stable in water body, cylinder mould bottom is fixed with veil.
3. method according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described outer to cover its material of net sheet be common polythene, and mesh aperture is not less than 1cm, and is less than cultivation precious marine product diameter.
4. method according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described sargassum frond cultivation density is 0.5～1kg/ cage.
5. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described veil is pvc pipe or corrugated plating.
6. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described sargassum is half leaf sargassum or Heng Shi sargassum, and the depth of water that regulates cylinder mould to hang, makes sargassum blade in the 1m depth of water.
7. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described precious marine product is sea urchin, Bao, Turbo cornulus and/or sea cucumber.
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| CN201410301370.9A CN104160943A (en) | 2014-06-27 | 2014-06-27 | Sargassum high-efficiency cultivation and in-situ utilization method |
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Cited By (3)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104585107A (en) * | 2015-02-12 | 2015-05-06 | 宁波大学 | Preparation method of sargassum horneri as sea cucumber feed |
| CN105145420A (en) * | 2015-07-11 | 2015-12-16 | 大连御龙海产品养殖有限公司 | Method for ecologically, three-dimensionally and circularly breeding marine products in extra large pond |
| CN107750836A (en) * | 2017-09-19 | 2018-03-06 | 严爱平 | A kind of method for the polyethylene mesh sheet shop fixtures plantation eel grass for preventing river crab destruction |
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Cited By (4)
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| CN104585107A (en) * | 2015-02-12 | 2015-05-06 | 宁波大学 | Preparation method of sargassum horneri as sea cucumber feed |
| CN105145420A (en) * | 2015-07-11 | 2015-12-16 | 大连御龙海产品养殖有限公司 | Method for ecologically, three-dimensionally and circularly breeding marine products in extra large pond |
| CN105145420B (en) * | 2015-07-11 | 2018-07-17 | 大连御龙海产品养殖有限公司 | A kind of method of ultra-large type pond ecological stereo circulating cultivation marine product |
| CN107750836A (en) * | 2017-09-19 | 2018-03-06 | 严爱平 | A kind of method for the polyethylene mesh sheet shop fixtures plantation eel grass for preventing river crab destruction |
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