CN104206261A - Method for inhibiting cyanobacteria species from overwintering in bottom mud of shallow zone of lake - Google Patents
Method for inhibiting cyanobacteria species from overwintering in bottom mud of shallow zone of lake Download PDFInfo
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- CN104206261A CN104206261A CN201410443693.1A CN201410443693A CN104206261A CN 104206261 A CN104206261 A CN 104206261A CN 201410443693 A CN201410443693 A CN 201410443693A CN 104206261 A CN104206261 A CN 104206261A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for inhibiting cyanobacteria species from overwintering in bottom mud of a shallow zone of a lake. The method is characterized by comprising the following steps of selecting a shallow water area of which the water depth is not greater than 2 meters and of which the area is 3-100 hectares along the shallow zone of a lakeshore; enclosing by using enclosures to set an enclosure no-fish zone, and radically removing large and small fish, shrimps and crabs in the water zone in a net fishing mode; in the enclosure no-fish zone, the method also comprises the following steps of covering black black-out cloth at water bottom, soaking crop stalks in water, performing net fishing and cormorant fishing, releasing benthonic animals, bivalvia aquatic animals and zooplankton in an artificial feeding or wild fishing mode, and manually transplanting emergent aquatic plants, floating plants and submerged plants.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to ecological environmental protection technical field, be specifically related to a kind of method suppressing blue-green algae provenance to be survived the winter in the bed mud of lake shallow water band.
Background technology
In recent years, along with the quickening with urbanization process that develops rapidly of industrial and agricultural production, the quantity entering industrial and agricultural wastewater in water body and resident living sewage constantly increases, these contain a large amount of nitrogen, the sewage of the materials such as phosphorus can directly utilize by the algae in water body, and impel algae to overgrow, the submerged vegetation of lake shallow water band is caused to be failed, aquatic ecosystem collapse and blue-green alga bloom frequently occur, plant-type lake fast transition is made to be algae type lake, have a strong impact on the ecotope of lake region, resident living water safety and industrial and agricultural development, this is the current Problems existing of the big-and-middle-sized shallow lake of China.
Blue-green algae is that a class carries out the photosynthetic prokaryotes of product oxygen, also known as cyanobacteria, belongs to Cyanophyta.Scholar is had to think, blue-green algae started to sink to below bed mud top layer and bed mud top layer 1-4 centimeters and to survive the winter dormancy along with the reduction of water temperature winter, spring and summer ambient temperature, the condition such as illumination be suitable for time, by recovery, grow and gather and float and large-scale breeding, form blue-green alga bloom.Also the variable effect of water temperature to blue-green algae buoyancy is larger to have scholar's research to show, winter sinks lower than starting when 9 DEG C-11 DEG C, spring, the blue-green algae of loss of buoyance 12 DEG C time recovered slower, buoyancy can be recovered faster 20 DEG C time, due to the difference of intensity of illumination, spring, 1-4 centimeters below the bed mud top layer of 1-2 rice in summer phytal zone and bed mud top layer, to survive the winter blue-green algae hypopus about 50% recovery, and the only 3%-8% recovery of the profundal zone of 6-7 rice, above-mentionedly to show: the shallow water band in lake has comparatively sufficient light, it is the habitat of mainly surviving the winter of blue-green algae provenance, also be the basic source of breakout of cyanobacteria blooms, therefore, find a kind of method that can effectively suppress blue-green algae provenance to be survived the winter in the bed mud of lake shallow water band to be imminent.
At present, the theory of administering lake eutrophication has several mistaken ideas:
1. pay attention to utilizing fish to control algae, be that there has algal bloom there just a large amount of stocked carp now, utilize fish to administer algae.
2. pay attention to blue-green alga bloom to be about to break out or break out rear taked method and measure, the Wintering Period ignored blue algae growth is the weakest is administered.
3. pay attention to the restoration of the ecosystem in enclosure, but owing to having put fish in a suitable place to breed all the time in enclosure: filter-feeding fish, or remove original fish, put violent predacious fish in a suitable place to breed, actual regulation effect is general, causes the restoration of the ecosystem in enclosure to be difficult to large-scale promotion.
4. pay attention to the reconstruction of littoral zone, lake wetland, ignore the restoration of the ecosystem of lake shallow water band.
Above reason is exactly ignore fish and zooplankton, restriction or checking relation in five elements relation between zoobenthos and water plants.
Current, while control exogenous pollution, reduction contaminating endogenous, the method for administering blue-green alga bloom is multiple in addition, comprising: chemical method, Physical and bio operon method etc.
The method economy of chemistry, fast, but easily cause secondary pollution to after process water body.
Physical method comprises: machinery is except algae, shading etc., and wherein, machinery is except the method for algae: be will just start to carry out during breakout of water bloom, afterwards, every day remove the propagation quantity that algae quantity does not catch up with blue-green algae.
The method of shading is: build framework at the water surface, and black gobo covers on framework, is easy to be damaged when stormy waves is large.
Bio operon method has multiple, comprising: put filter-feeding fish predation algae, zooplankton predation algae, zoobenthos and Bivalve aquatic animal in a large number in a suitable place to breed and in bed mud, prey on algae provenance and water plants control algae, water surface stable breeding weter hyacinth or water peanut and agricultural crop straw infusion method to suppress algal grown.
Scholar is had to think, put filter-feeding fish in a large number in a suitable place to breed to look for food algae, because the digestive tract of filter-feeding fish is very short, the digestive ferment decomposing algae is lacked in body, the algae of looking for food does not have catapepsis, containing a large amount of not digested algae in the fish excrement of excretion, some forms are still complete, and keep cytoactive.Other fish as: predacious fish, crucian, demersal fishes and small fish, also comprise filter-feeding fish, all enjoys a lot zooplankton of looking for food, and comprising: cladocera, rotifers and copepoda; Like look for food zoobenthos, Bivalve aquatic animal, comprising: spiral shell, a species of small clam living in fresh water and little freshwater mussel etc.; Like looking for food the tender shoots of water plants, base of leaf, the habitat of above animal and plant is main all at the shallow water band in lake, and they are the main forces except algae, algal control, but they all look for food by various fish, the excreta of fish is also large pollution source in addition.
Utilize the provenance of surviving the winter that the zooplankton in water body preys on algae, zoobenthos and Bivalve aquatic animal look for food algae in bed mud, due to various fish and its symbiosis, at every moment threaten their life, will have been looked for food by various fish within short-term.
In recent years, domestic You Duosuo mechanism is in Taihu Lake, Dian Chi and Chaohu Large-sized enclosures rebuild aquatic vegetation and ecological effect, wherein (lake science) .2006.18 (2): 139-149, way in enclosure is: remove original fish, put violent predacious fish in a suitable place to breed, as perch, salmon, the means of supplementing out economy that snakeheaded fish is removed as fish, reduce filter-feeding, food grass and bottom ominivore-fish quantity, increase zooplankton biomass, throw in a large amount of zoobenthos spiral shells simultaneously, a species of small clam living in fresh water, freshwater mussel, throw in again a large amount of silver carp October in the same year, add the fish that has escape the net newly increased, based on above-mentioned, the tender shoots of the water plants transplanted in enclosure, cauline leaf, the zooplankton thrown in and zoobenthos can become again the fertile bait that various fish are looked for food.
The patent No.: 200510027403.6 controllable fast reservior blue-green alga bloom eliminating methods, comprising: 1 filter ichthyophagy class is thrown in; The input of the water body zoobenthos such as 2 snails, river crab, Corbicula fluminea, freshwater mussel and zooplankton rotifer and protection, river crab, snail are to filter ichthyophagy class dejection degradation; 3 water level managements, controlling water level height, namely water level and mud bank expose position, be conducive to the disturbance of stormy waves to bed mud, ensure the restriction of filter ichthyophagy class to the absorption of quantity of sand and mud and snail feeding area, its quick removing method is: by throwing in filter ichthyophagy class silver carp food algae in a large number, then adopt the technology that the water body zoobenthos control blue-green algae body spore sources such as snail, river crab, Corbicula fluminea, freshwater mussel and wheel animalcule are taken as the leading factor, coordinate silver carp bio operon method and silver carp dejection degradation security system to realize reservior blue-green alga bloom and eliminate fast.But actual conditions are fish on bottom layers, river crab all likes looking for food snail, Corbicula fluminea, freshwater mussel, the tender shoots of plankton and submerged plant and cauline leaf, when fish in water body is many, crab is many, just seldom, this theory can not get paying attention in the industry always for snail in shallow water band waters, a species of small clam living in fresh water, freshwater mussel, plankton and submerged plant.
The weter hyacinth of water surface stable breeding produces allelopathy by root system release allelochemical to algal community, cover water body sunlight, absorb Water, phosphorus and reduce its content, like this in waters, stable breeding district, the growth of algae can be suppressed, at present, within 1 year, just at water surface stable breeding weter hyacinth, their multiple functions of algae that suppresses are caused to be fully utilized.
The method that agricultural crop straw soaks is: be contained in by agricultural crop straw in mesh bag and put into open water and soak, the allelochemical discharged in its leachate produces allelopathy to algal community, due to the effect of current, the concentration of straw leachate can significantly be diluted, and causes the successful suppressing algae to reduce.
Above algae administering method all carries out after blue-green alga bloom is about to break out or break out, and belongs to the Emergency management of typically curing the symptoms, not the disease, and the rare growth rhythm in conjunction with blue-green algae self, carry out administering and prevention and control at the Wintering Period that blue algae growth is the weakest.
For above produced problem, the present invention is according to the rule of blue-green algae own growth, by the environment disturbing and destroy blue-green algae to survive the winter in the bed mud of lake shallow water band, effective suppression or the blue-green algae provenance of surviving the winter removed in the bed mud of lake shallow water band, thus have found a new way suppressing blue-green alga bloom to occur from root.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of method suppressing blue-green algae provenance to be survived the winter in the bed mud of lake shallow water band, according to the rule of blue-green algae own growth, by arranging enclosure without fish district, the activity of restriction fish in shallow water band waters, lake, at enclosure without in fish district, remove all fish shrimp crabs, use multiple zoobenthos, zooplankton, water plants, the method of plant allelochemicals and shading, comprehensive destruction and interference are survived the winter the living environment of blue-green algae provenance, thus reduce or remove the quantity of blue-green algae provenance of surviving the winter, reach the object fundamentally preventing or suppress blue-green alga bloom to occur.
The technical solution used in the present invention is as follows:
A kind of described method suppressing blue-green algae provenance to be survived the winter in the bed mud of lake shallow water band, is characterized in that adopting following steps:
(1). enclosure selects the depth of water to be no more than 2 meters without fish district along loke shore shallow water band, and area is the waters, phytal zone of 3-100 hectare, first impales with enclosure and arranges enclosure without fish district, then by the mode that fishing net is fished for, thoroughly removes the large small fish in its waters, shrimp, crab; Also following steps are provided with without in fish district at enclosure:
A. the black gobo time of the year when autumn changes into winter, when lake water temperature drops to 4 DEG C-11 DEG C, launch black gobo, cover on lakebed by its submerged, two ends and timber are connected and fixed respectively, and surrounding and plane are provided with briquetting;
I. enclosure is covered by polylith black gobo without in fish district, and area coverage is the 20%-90% of enclosure without the fish district gross area, and the time covering lakebed is 2-36 month;
Ii. black gobo is one or more, comprising: black plastic film, black fiber cloth and black puggaree etc.;
B. soak agricultural crop straw and the mesh bag that multiple volumes of being contacted by rope are 0.5-5.0 cubic meter is set in water, mesh bag is built with the agricultural crop straw compressed by machine after drying, agricultural crop straw every mesh bag dress 30-1000 kilogram, by stretching for the rope on whole series winding mesh bag, its two ends rope and timber are connected and fixed respectively;
I. per hectare waters arranges mesh bag 5-50;
Ii. agricultural crop straw is one or more, comprising: the stalk of local wheat, rice, corn and rape etc., and the proportion after agricultural crop straw compression is every cubic meter 100-1000 kilogram;
Iii. mesh bag is interior by changing once for agricultural crop straw 50-120 days of soaking;
Iv., when water transparency reaches 0.5-1.6 rice, stop using within the scope of this in mesh bag and soak agricultural crop straw;
C. fishing net is fished for and is adopted fishing net to fish for the mode with cormorant fishing with cormorant fishing throughout the year, thoroughly removes enclosure without the fishes that slips through the net all in fish district, shrimp, crab;
I. described fishing net is multiple, comprising: gill net, cage net, lift net, location trap net and fishpound etc.;
D. one or more zoobenthos of artificial feeding or field being fished for of zoobenthos and Bivalve aquatic animal and Bivalve aquatic animal, comprising: spiral shell, a species of small clam living in fresh water and freshwater mussel etc., and 10-200 gram is thrown in by one or more in every square metre of bottom;
I., when the weight of one or more spiral shells of every square metre of bottom, a species of small clam living in fresh water and freshwater mussel is more than 30-300 gram, can pick up and transfer to other underweight enclosure without in fish district;
E. zooplankton is when temperature reaches 15 DEG C-32 DEG C, and one or more zooplanktons artificial feeding or field fished for, comprising: cladocera, rotifers and copepoda, and every square metre of water surface only throws in 10-1000 by one or more;
I. when the quantity of one or more cladoceras of every square metre of water surface, rotifers and copepoda is more than 50-1500, can pick up transfer to other lazy weight enclosure without in fish district;
F. emergent aquactic plant transplants one or more local emergent aquactic plants in the waters dark near bank 0-0.8 rice, comprising: reed, cattail, lotus etc., and every square metre of water surface transplants 1-10 strain by wherein a kind of;
G. water surface segmentation is arranged to the little stable breeding district that multiple area is 100-10000 square metre, stable breeding floating plant weter hyacinth or water peanut in stable breeding district by floating plant, will gather in time when growing animated period;
I. the gross area in Duo Ge little stable breeding district is the 5%-60% of enclosure without fish district area;
H. submerged plant is improved gradually along with water quality, progressively expand submerged vegetation, when water clarity reaches 0.50-1.60 rice, remove the black gobo covered within the scope of this, and in its waters, transplant one or more local submerged plants from shallow to deep, comprise: hornwort, eel grass, black algae and water caltrop etc., during transplanting, the top cauline leaf of submerged plant must remain at 0.1-1.5 rice within water body hyaline layer, and every square metre of water surface transplants 1-10 strain by wherein a kind of;
1. also can be provided with stable breeding district stable breeding weter hyacinth or water peanut at enclosure without the outside in fish district, and form wind wave resistance band by it, the width of wind wave resistance band is 2-500 rice;
(2). floating plant with drift spring, the depth of water is selected to be no more than 2 meters along loke shore shallow water band, area is the waters, phytal zone of 3-100 hectare, stable breeding district stable breeding floating plant weter hyacinth or water peanut are set, at the floating plant growth animated period in 7-9 month, remove the fence placed outside stable breeding district, allow weter hyacinth or water peanut with wind-force, current or floated to another place's loke shore shallow water band by manual type, the depth of water is selected to be no more than 2 meters, area is the waters, phytal zone of 3-100 hectare, reset the stable breeding of stable breeding district to drift about the weter hyacinth or water peanut of coming, the weter hyacinth of redundance or water peanut will be gathered in time,
(3). enclosure without fish district, first impales with enclosure and arranges enclosure without fish district, then by the mode that fishing net is fished for, thoroughly remove the large small fish in its waters, shrimp, crab simultaneously in the stable breeding district of the weter hyacinth previously walked by drift or water peanut; Also following steps are provided with without in fish district at enclosure:
A. black gobo launches black gobo, and cover on lakebed by its submerged, two ends and timber are connected and fixed respectively, and surrounding and plane are provided with briquetting;
I. enclosure is covered by polylith black gobo without in fish district, and area coverage is the 20%-90% of enclosure without the fish district gross area, and the time covering lakebed is 2-36 month;
Ii. black gobo is one or more, comprising: black plastic film, black fiber cloth and black puggaree etc.;
B. the BCDEFGHI in step (1) is repeated;
(4). enclosure without fish district to the time of the year when autumn changes into winter, when temperature drops to 4 DEG C-17 DEG C, gather comprehensively and float to weter hyacinth in secondary stable breeding district or water peanut, after having gathered, also adopt enclosure to impale and enclosure is set without fish district, again by the mode that fishing net is fished for, thoroughly remove the large small fish in its waters, shrimp, crab; Following steps are provided with without in fish district at enclosure:
A. the ABCDEFGHI in step (1) is repeated.
Described enclosure can be established multiple without fish district, and the littoral line length in the lake that it takies is the 65%-90% of lake along water front total length.
The upper end of described enclosure is the threaded plastic foam floating body of fishing net parcel, middle part uses chemical fibre filter cloth, enclosure skirt is made with the form of wall paper, it is long that enclosure skirt is provided with one section of 1-10 rice every 30-150 rice, 1-1.8 rice is high, and the enclosure active catch skirt that can install and remove, the three-layer protection purse seine be connected with enclosure skirt is also provided with in the inner side of enclosure active catch skirt, wherein, the mesh of inside and outside layer net is 4-10 millimeter, intermediate layer is 8-30 order, forms enclosure mouth door thus, and the lower end of enclosure skirt connects briquetting and sinks to 10-30 centimetre in mud.
When described enclosure reaches 1.0-1.8 rice without the water transparency in fish district, the enclosure active catch skirt on dismountable enclosure mouth door.
The weter hyacinth of stable breeding on described wind wave resistance band position or water peanut, also float to another sheet waters stable breeding.
Described submerged plant and emergent aquactic plant etc. can be transplanted by burst separately, in its declining period, gather in or salvage its residual body in time, avoid it to rot to decompose.
Described weter hyacinth or water peanut separately or can mix stable breeding, and the ratio of mixing stable breeding is: the weter hyacinth of 10%-90% and 10%-90% water peanut, growing animated period and decaying the phase, will gather or salvage its residual body in time, avoid its decomposition of rotting.
Due to the employing of technique scheme, compared with prior art, tool of the present invention has the following advantages and effect:
1. the present invention arranges multiple enclosure without fish district owing to adopting along lake shallow water band, the activity of restriction fish in shallow water band waters, lake, make the water plants in waters, most phytal zone, zooplankton, zoobenthos and Bivalve aquatic animal at enclosure without the predation from fish in fish district, simultaneously, the living environment that blue-green algae provenance is survived the winter in bed mud is suffered and large change and destruction, so again, recovered because body eutrophication causes the submerged vegetation of lake shallow water band to be failed, aquatic ecosystem collapses, thoroughly improve along Lake Bank and the ecotope along loke shore shallow water band, now, various biological chain is temporarily balanced, become careless type lake can play conclusive effect to by algae type lake regime shift.
2. agricultural crop straw Steep cencentration can not dilute by the impact of current.
3. black gobo is owing to covering lakebed, can not be destroyed by the impact of stormy waves.
4. raise together with water peanut and weter hyacinth in water surface stable breeding district, due to both surging group species, in order to survive, capital strongly discharges allelochemical and produces allelopathy to the other side group, the allelochemical that they discharge strongly but produces algal control function to algae, from 7-9 month, the weter hyacinth of raising together with and can drifting about once for water peanut 50-120 days, like this, 1 year different stable breedings point can each stable breeding once, take full advantage of weter hyacinth, the multiple algal control function of water peanut further, suppressed the function availability of algae to maximize.
Blue-green algae provenance in 5 bed muds, dead zooplankton be winter spiral shell, one of a species of small clam living in fresh water and the freshwater mussel main food source of surviving the winter.
Embodiment
Embodiment
Avoid harbour, navigation channel and emphasis waters, select the depth of water to be no more than 2 meters along loke shore shallow water band, area is the waters, phytal zone of 3-100 hectare, first impales with enclosure and arranges enclosure without fish district, again by the mode that fishing net is fished for, thoroughly remove the large small fish in its waters, shrimp, crab; Also following steps are provided with without in fish district at enclosure:
A. the black gobo time of the year when autumn changes into winter, when lake water temperature drops to 4 DEG C-11 DEG C, launch black gobo, cover on lakebed by its submerged, two ends and timber are connected and fixed respectively, and surrounding and plane are provided with briquetting; I. enclosure is covered by polylith black gobo without in fish district, and area coverage is the 20%-90% of enclosure without the fish district gross area, and the time covering lakebed is 2-36 month; Ii. black gobo is one or more, comprising: black plastic film, black fiber cloth and black puggaree etc.;
B. soak agricultural crop straw and the mesh bag that multiple volumes of being contacted by rope are 0.5-5.0 cubic meter is set in water, mesh bag is built with the agricultural crop straw compressed by machine after drying, agricultural crop straw every mesh bag dress 30-1000 kilogram, by stretching for the rope on whole series winding mesh bag, its two ends rope and timber are connected and fixed respectively; I. per hectare waters arranges mesh bag 5-50; Ii. agricultural crop straw is one or more, comprising: the stalk of local wheat, rice, corn and rape etc., and the proportion after agricultural crop straw compression is every cubic meter 100-1000 kilogram; Iii. mesh bag is interior by changing once for agricultural crop straw 50-120 days of soaking; Iv., when water transparency reaches 0.5-1.6 rice, stop using within the scope of this in mesh bag and soak agricultural crop straw;
C. fishing net is fished for and is adopted fishing net to fish for the mode with cormorant fishing with cormorant fishing throughout the year, thoroughly removes enclosure without fish that has escape the net all in fish district; I. described fishing net is multiple, comprising: gill net, cage net, lift net, location trap net and fishpound etc.;
D. one or more zoobenthos of artificial feeding or field being fished for of zoobenthos and Bivalve aquatic animal and Bivalve aquatic animal, comprising: spiral shell, a species of small clam living in fresh water and freshwater mussel etc., and 10-200 gram is thrown in by one or more in every square metre of bottom; I., when the weight of one or more spiral shells of every square metre of bottom, a species of small clam living in fresh water and freshwater mussel is more than 30-300 gram, can pick up and transfer to other underweight enclosure without in fish district;
E. zooplankton is when temperature reaches 15 DEG C-32 DEG C, and one or more zooplanktons artificial feeding or field fished for, comprising: cladocera, rotifers and copepoda, and every square metre of water surface only throws in 10-1000 by one or more; I. when the quantity of one or more cladoceras of every square metre of water surface, rotifers and copepoda is more than 50-1500, can pick up transfer to other lazy weight enclosure without in fish district;
F. emergent aquactic plant transplants one or more local emergent aquactic plants in the waters dark near bank 0-0.8 rice, comprising: reed, cattail, lotus etc., and every square metre of water surface transplants 1-10 strain by wherein a kind of;
G. water surface segmentation is arranged to the little stable breeding district that multiple area is 100-10000 square metre, stable breeding floating plant weter hyacinth or water peanut in stable breeding district by floating plant, will gather in time when growing animated period; I. the gross area in Duo Ge little stable breeding district is the 5%-60% of enclosure without fish district area;
H. submerged plant is improved gradually along with water quality, progressively expand submerged vegetation, when water clarity reaches 0.50-1.60 rice, remove the black gobo covered within the scope of this, and in its waters, transplant one or more local submerged plants from shallow to deep, comprise: hornwort, eel grass, black algae and water caltrop etc., during transplanting, the top cauline leaf of submerged plant must remain at 0.1-1.5 rice within water body hyaline layer, and every square metre of water surface transplants 1-10 strain by wherein a kind of;
I. also can be provided with stable breeding district stable breeding weter hyacinth or water peanut at enclosure without the outside in fish district, and form wind wave resistance band by it, the width of wind wave resistance band is 2-500 rice;
(2). floating plant with drift spring, the depth of water is selected to be no more than 2 meters along loke shore shallow water band, area is the waters, phytal zone of 3-100 hectare, stable breeding district stable breeding floating plant weter hyacinth or water peanut are set, at the floating plant growth animated period in 7-9 month, remove the fence placed outside stable breeding district, allow weter hyacinth or water peanut with wind-force, current or floated to another place's loke shore shallow water band by manual type, the depth of water is selected to be no more than 2 meters, area is the waters, phytal zone of 3-100 hectare, reset the stable breeding of stable breeding district to drift about the weter hyacinth or water peanut of coming, the weter hyacinth of redundance or water peanut will be gathered in time,
(3). enclosure without fish district, first impales with enclosure and arranges enclosure without fish district, then by the mode that fishing net is fished for, thoroughly remove the large small fish in its waters, shrimp, crab simultaneously in the stable breeding district of the weter hyacinth previously walked by drift or water peanut; Also following steps are provided with without in fish district at enclosure:
A. black gobo launches black gobo, and cover on lakebed by its submerged, two ends and timber are connected and fixed respectively, and surrounding and plane are provided with briquetting; I. enclosure is covered by polylith black gobo without in fish district, and area coverage is the 20%-90% of enclosure without the fish district gross area, and the time covering lakebed is 2-36 month; Ii. black gobo is one or more, comprising: black plastic film, black fiber cloth and black puggaree etc.;
B. the BCDEFGHI in step (1) is repeated;
(4). enclosure without fish district to the time of the year when autumn changes into winter, when temperature drops to 4 DEG C-17 DEG C, gather comprehensively and float to weter hyacinth in secondary stable breeding district or water peanut, after having gathered, also adopt enclosure to impale and enclosure is set without fish district, again by the mode that fishing net is fished for, thoroughly remove the large small fish in its waters, shrimp, crab; Following steps are provided with without in fish district at enclosure:
A. the ABCDEFGHI in step (1) is repeated.
Described enclosure can be established multiple without fish district, and the littoral line length in the lake that it takies is the 65%-90% of lake along water front total length.
The upper end of described enclosure is the threaded plastic foam floating body of fishing net parcel, middle part uses chemical fibre filter cloth, enclosure skirt is made with the form of wall paper, it is long that enclosure skirt is provided with one section of 1-10 rice every 30-150 rice, 1-1.8 rice is high, and the enclosure active catch skirt that can install and remove, the three-layer protection purse seine be connected with enclosure skirt is also provided with in the inner side of enclosure active catch skirt, wherein, the mesh of inside and outside layer net is 4-10 millimeter, intermediate layer is 8-30 order, forms enclosure mouth door thus, and the lower end of enclosure skirt connects briquetting and sinks to 10-30 centimetre in mud.
When described enclosure reaches 1.0-1.8 rice without the water transparency in fish district, the enclosure active catch skirt on dismountable enclosure mouth door.
The weter hyacinth of stable breeding on described wind wave resistance band position or water peanut, also float to another sheet waters stable breeding.
Described submerged plant and emergent aquactic plant etc. can be transplanted by burst separately, in its declining period, gather in or salvage its residual body in time, avoid it to rot to decompose.
Described weter hyacinth or water peanut separately or can mix stable breeding, and the ratio of mixing stable breeding is: the weter hyacinth of 10%-90% and 10%-90% water peanut, growing animated period and decaying the phase, will gather or salvage its residual body in time, avoid its decomposition of rotting.
Claims (7)
1. the method suppressing blue-green algae provenance to be survived the winter in the bed mud of lake shallow water band, is characterized in that adopting following steps:
(1). enclosure is without fish district
Select the depth of water to be no more than 2 meters along loke shore shallow water band, area is the waters, phytal zone of 3-100 hectare, first impales with enclosure and arranges enclosure without fish district, then by the mode that fishing net is fished for, thoroughly removes the large small fish in its waters, shrimp, crab; Also following steps are provided with without in fish district at enclosure:
A. the black gobo time of the year when autumn changes into winter, when lake water temperature drops to 4 DEG C-11 DEG C, launch black gobo, cover on lakebed by its submerged, two ends and timber are connected and fixed respectively, and surrounding and plane are provided with briquetting;
I. enclosure is covered by polylith black gobo without in fish district, and area coverage is the 20%-90% of enclosure without the fish district gross area, and the time covering lakebed is 2-36 month;
Ii. black gobo is one or more, comprising: black plastic film, black fiber cloth and black puggaree etc.;
B. soak agricultural crop straw and the mesh bag that multiple volumes of being contacted by rope are 0.5-5.0 cubic meter is set in water, mesh bag is built with the agricultural crop straw compressed by machine after drying, agricultural crop straw every mesh bag dress 30-1000 kilogram, by stretching for the rope on whole series winding mesh bag, its two ends rope and timber are connected and fixed respectively;
I. per hectare waters arranges mesh bag 5-50;
Ii. agricultural crop straw is one or more, comprising: the stalk of local wheat, rice, corn and rape etc., and the proportion after agricultural crop straw compression is every cubic meter 100-1000 kilogram;
Iii. mesh bag is interior by changing once for agricultural crop straw 50-120 days of soaking;
Iv., when water transparency reaches 0.5-1.6 rice, stop using within the scope of this in mesh bag and soak agricultural crop straw;
C. fishing net is fished for and is adopted fishing net to fish for the mode with cormorant fishing with cormorant fishing throughout the year, thoroughly removes enclosure without the fishes that slips through the net all in fish district, shrimp, crab;
I. described fishing net is multiple, comprising: gill net, cage net, lift net, location trap net and fishpound etc.;
D. one or more zoobenthos of artificial feeding or field being fished for of zoobenthos and Bivalve aquatic animal and Bivalve aquatic animal, comprising: spiral shell, a species of small clam living in fresh water and freshwater mussel etc., and 10-200 gram is thrown in by one or more in every square metre of bottom;
I., when the weight of one or more spiral shells of every square metre of bottom, a species of small clam living in fresh water and freshwater mussel is more than 30-300 gram, can pick up and transfer to other underweight enclosure without in fish district;
E. zooplankton is when temperature reaches 15 DEG C-32 DEG C, and one or more zooplanktons artificial feeding or field fished for, comprising: cladocera, rotifers and copepoda, and every square metre of water surface only throws in 10-1000 by one or more;
I. when the quantity of one or more cladoceras of every square metre of water surface, rotifers and copepoda is more than 50-1500, can pick up transfer to other lazy weight enclosure without in fish district;
F. emergent aquactic plant transplants one or more local emergent aquactic plants in the waters dark near bank 0-0.8 rice, comprising: reed, cattail, lotus etc., and every square metre of water surface transplants 1-10 strain by wherein a kind of;
G. water surface segmentation is arranged to the little stable breeding district that multiple area is 100-10000 square metre, stable breeding floating plant weter hyacinth or water peanut in stable breeding district by floating plant, will gather in time when growing animated period;
I. the gross area in Duo Ge little stable breeding district is the 5%-60% of enclosure without fish district area;
H. submerged plant is improved gradually along with water quality, progressively expand submerged vegetation, when water clarity reaches 0.50-1.60 rice, remove the black gobo covered within the scope of this, and in its waters, transplant one or more local submerged plants from shallow to deep, comprise: hornwort, eel grass, black algae and water caltrop etc., during transplanting, the top cauline leaf of submerged plant must remain at 0.1-1.5 rice within water body hyaline layer, and every square metre of water surface transplants 1-10 strain by wherein a kind of;
I. also can be provided with stable breeding district stable breeding weter hyacinth or water peanut at enclosure without the outside in fish district, and form wind wave resistance band by it, the width of wind wave resistance band is 2-500 rice;
(2). floating plant and drift
Spring, the depth of water is selected to be no more than 2 meters along loke shore shallow water band, area is the waters, phytal zone of 3-100 hectare, stable breeding district stable breeding floating plant weter hyacinth or water peanut are set, at the floating plant growth animated period in 7-9 month, remove the fence placed outside stable breeding district, allow weter hyacinth or water peanut with wind-force, current or floated to another place's loke shore shallow water band by manual type, the depth of water is selected to be no more than 2 meters, area is the waters, phytal zone of 3-100 hectare, reset the stable breeding of stable breeding district to drift about the weter hyacinth or water peanut of coming, the weter hyacinth of redundance or water peanut will be gathered in time,
(3). enclosure is without fish district
Simultaneously in the stable breeding district of the weter hyacinth previously walked by drift or water peanut, first impale with enclosure and enclosure is set without fish district, then by the mode that fishing net is fished for, thoroughly remove the large small fish in its waters, shrimp, crab; Also following steps are provided with without in fish district at enclosure:
A. black gobo launches black gobo, and cover on lakebed by its submerged, two ends and timber are connected and fixed respectively, and surrounding and plane are provided with briquetting;
I. enclosure is covered by polylith black gobo without in fish district, and area coverage is the 20%-90% of enclosure without the fish district gross area, and the time covering lakebed is 2-36 month;
Ii. black gobo is one or more, comprising: black plastic film, black fiber cloth and black puggaree etc.;
B. the BCDEFGHI in step (1) is repeated;
(4). enclosure is without fish district
To the time of the year when autumn changes into winter, when temperature drops to 4 DEG C-17 DEG C, gather comprehensively and float to weter hyacinth in secondary stable breeding district or water peanut, after having gathered, also adopt enclosure to impale and enclosure is set without fish district, then by the mode that fishing net is fished for, thoroughly remove the large small fish in its waters, shrimp, crab; Following steps are provided with without in fish district at enclosure:
A. the ABCDEFGHI in step (1) is repeated.
2. a kind of method suppressing blue-green algae provenance to be survived the winter in the bed mud of lake shallow water band according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described enclosure can be established multiple without fish district, and the littoral line length in the lake that it takies is the 65%-90% of lake along water front total length.
3. a kind of method suppressing blue-green algae provenance to be survived the winter in the bed mud of lake shallow water band according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the upper end of described enclosure is the threaded plastic foam floating body of fishing net parcel, middle part uses chemical fibre filter cloth, enclosure skirt is made with the form of wall paper, it is long that enclosure skirt is provided with one section of 1-10 rice every 30-150 rice, 1-1.8 rice is high, and the enclosure active catch skirt that can install and remove, the three-layer protection purse seine be connected with enclosure skirt is also provided with in the inner side of enclosure active catch skirt, wherein, in, the mesh of outer layer net is 4-10 millimeter, intermediate layer is 8-30 order, form enclosure mouth door thus, the lower end of enclosure skirt connects briquetting and sinks to 10-30 centimetre in mud.
4. a kind of method suppressing blue-green algae provenance to be survived the winter in the bed mud of lake shallow water band according to claim 1, is characterized in that: when described enclosure reaches 1.0-1.8 rice without the water transparency in fish district, the enclosure active catch skirt on dismountable enclosure mouth door.
5. a kind of method suppressing blue-green algae provenance to be survived the winter in the bed mud of lake shallow water band according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the weter hyacinth of stable breeding on described wind wave resistance band position or water peanut, also can float to another sheet waters stable breeding.
6. a kind of method suppressing blue-green algae provenance to be survived the winter in the bed mud of lake shallow water band according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described submerged plant and emergent aquactic plant etc. can be transplanted by burst separately, decay the phase at it, gather in or salvage its residual body in time, avoid it to rot to decompose.
7. a kind of method suppressing blue-green algae provenance to be survived the winter in the bed mud of lake shallow water band according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described weter hyacinth or water peanut separately or can mix stable breeding, the ratio of mixing stable breeding is: the weter hyacinth of 10%-90% and 10%-90% water peanut, growing animated period and decaying the phase, to gather or salvage its residual body in time, avoid it to rot to decompose.
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| CN201410443693.1A CN104206261A (en) | 2014-08-26 | 2014-08-26 | Method for inhibiting cyanobacteria species from overwintering in bottom mud of shallow zone of lake |
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| CN201410443693.1A CN104206261A (en) | 2014-08-26 | 2014-08-26 | Method for inhibiting cyanobacteria species from overwintering in bottom mud of shallow zone of lake |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104761059A (en) * | 2015-04-09 | 2015-07-08 | 北京科技大学 | Method for reducing heavy metals in river-going overland runoff by aquatic plant matched growth |
| CN105347502A (en) * | 2015-12-12 | 2016-02-24 | 潘宏坚 | Method for reducing nitrogen and phosphorus in eutrophic water body |
| CN112028192A (en) * | 2020-08-24 | 2020-12-04 | 江南大学 | Method for treating cyanobacterial bloom by combining green film, disturbance and zinc elements |
| CN113180012A (en) * | 2021-05-26 | 2021-07-30 | 中国水产科学研究院渔业机械仪器研究所 | Method for controlling cyanobacterial bloom by using straws |
-
2014
- 2014-08-26 CN CN201410443693.1A patent/CN104206261A/en active Pending
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104761059A (en) * | 2015-04-09 | 2015-07-08 | 北京科技大学 | Method for reducing heavy metals in river-going overland runoff by aquatic plant matched growth |
| CN105347502A (en) * | 2015-12-12 | 2016-02-24 | 潘宏坚 | Method for reducing nitrogen and phosphorus in eutrophic water body |
| CN112028192A (en) * | 2020-08-24 | 2020-12-04 | 江南大学 | Method for treating cyanobacterial bloom by combining green film, disturbance and zinc elements |
| CN112028192B (en) * | 2020-08-24 | 2022-03-15 | 江南大学 | Method for treating cyanobacterial bloom by combining green film, disturbance and zinc elements |
| CN113180012A (en) * | 2021-05-26 | 2021-07-30 | 中国水产科学研究院渔业机械仪器研究所 | Method for controlling cyanobacterial bloom by using straws |
| CN113180012B (en) * | 2021-05-26 | 2022-09-06 | 中国水产科学研究院渔业机械仪器研究所 | Method for controlling cyanobacterial bloom by using straws |
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Application publication date: 20141217 |