CN104159745B - 无光泽膜及其制备方法 - Google Patents

无光泽膜及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN104159745B
CN104159745B CN201380012987.2A CN201380012987A CN104159745B CN 104159745 B CN104159745 B CN 104159745B CN 201380012987 A CN201380012987 A CN 201380012987A CN 104159745 B CN104159745 B CN 104159745B
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tack coat
film
matt
spinning
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CN104159745A (zh
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徐寅踊
李承勋
丁榕湜
苏允美
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Amogreentech Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明的无光泽膜包括：膜层，用高分子物质进行电纺丝来形成为纳米网形态；油墨层，涂敷于上述膜层的一面；粘结层，利用电纺丝来层叠于上述膜层的另一面。由此，膜层形成为纤维丝堆积的纳米网形态，从而能够制备厚度薄的膜，并且，不仅能够具有使光漫反射的无光泽功能，而且具有不留指纹的耐指纹功能，能够加强无光泽膜的表面强度。

Description

无光泽膜及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及不仅具有使外部的光漫反射的无光泽功能，而且具有不留指纹的耐指纹功能的无光泽膜(matte film)及其制备方法。
背景技术
一般而言，无光泽膜使外部的光漫反射，来防止在有光泽膜中出现的眼睛的疲劳及所包装的物品的公开，并能够给产品带来优雅感。因此，最近使用于食品包装、书的封面、购物袋或标签纸等，且其使用用途也逐渐增加。
尤其，无光泽膜附着于安装在便携式电子设备的内部的近距离无线通信(NFC，Near Field Communication)天线的表面，还可用作近距离无线通信天线的保护膜。
以往使用的无光泽膜的光反射及透明性高，且无光泽面的稠密度低，因而膜的外观不干净。为此，为了满足使用者的欲求，降低光反射性和透明性，并为了提高膜的外观的优雅性，需要开发改善无光泽面的稠密度的无光泽膜。
如韩国登录特许公报10-0370265(2003年01月16日)中公开，以往的无光泽膜由复合树脂组合物构成，并使无光泽层叠膜用复合树脂组合物熔融挤压，来以规定厚度层叠于聚丙烯膜面，由此制备以往的无光泽膜，上述复合树脂组合物是相对于由均聚聚丙烯(homopolyp ropylene)30～70重量百分比、高密度聚乙烯(polyethylene)70～30重量百分比组成的基材树脂组合物100重量份，直接或以母料(maste r batch)的形态混合过氧化物(peroxide)0.001～0.1重量份，并添 加抗氧化剂0.001～0.5重量份和润滑剂0.001～0.2重量份而制备的。
但是，由于以往的无光泽膜具有使复合树脂组合物熔融挤压来层叠于作为基材的聚丙烯膜的表面的结构，难以使无光泽膜的厚度变薄，且难以自由调节无光泽膜的厚度，而且还发生增加制备费用的问题。
发明内容
技术问题
本发明的目的在于，提供利用电纺丝方法来将高分子物质制备成多个超细纤维丝，并使这些纤维丝堆积来形成为纳米网形态，由此能够使无光泽膜的厚度变薄的无光泽膜及其制备方法。
本发明的再一目的在于，提供不仅具有使外部的光漫反射的无光泽功能，而且具有不留指纹的耐指纹功能的无光泽膜及其制备方法。
本发明的另一目的在于，提供在膜层的表面涂敷油墨层，来能够制备各种颜色的无光泽膜，并加强无光泽膜的表面强度，来使无光泽膜具有耐刮伤性的无光泽膜及其制备方法。
本发明所要解决的问题不局限于以上提及的技术问题，本发明所属技术领域的普通技术人员能够通过以下记载明确理解未提及的其他技术问题。
解决问题的手段
为了达到上述目的，本发明的无光泽膜的特征在于，包括：膜层，用高分子物质进行电纺丝来形成为纳米网形态；油墨层，涂敷于上述膜层的一面；粘结层，利用纺丝方法来层叠于上述膜层的另一面。
本发明的无光泽膜的制备方法的特征在于，包括：用高分子物质进行电纺丝来形成纳米网形态的膜层的步骤；在上述膜层的另一面用 粘结物质进行电纺丝来形成纳米网形态的粘结层的步骤；以及在上述膜层的一面涂敷油墨层的步骤。
发明的效果
如上所述，本发明的无光泽膜具有如下优点，通过用高分子物质进行电纺丝来制备多个超细纤维丝，并使这些纤维丝堆积来形成为纳米网形态，由此，能够自由调节膜的厚度，尤其能够实现薄的厚度。
并且，本发明的无光泽膜具有如下优点，在膜的表面形成不规则凹凸，由此不仅具有使外部的光漫反射的无光泽功能，而且具有防止留指纹的耐指纹功能。
并且，本发明的无光泽膜具有如下优点，在膜层的表面涂敷油墨层，由此能够制备各种颜色的无光泽膜，且加强无光泽膜的表面强度，来使无光泽膜具有耐刮伤性。
附图说明
图1为本发明的第一实施例的无光泽膜的剖视图。
图2为本发明的第一实施例的无光泽膜的放大图。
图3为本发明的第二实施例的无光泽膜的剖视图。
图4为本发明的第三实施例的无光泽膜的剖视图。
图5为用于制备本发明的无光泽膜的电纺丝装置的结构图。
具体实施方式
以下，参照附图，对本发明的实施例进行详细说明。在此过程中，为了说明的明确性及方便性，附图中表示的结构要素的大小或形状等会有所夸张。并且，考虑本发明的结构及作用而特别定义的术语能够根据使用者、运用者的意图或惯例而不同。对于这种术语的定义应根据说明书的全部内容来决定。
图1为本发明的第一实施例的无光泽膜的剖视图，图2为本发明的第一实施例的无光泽膜的放大图。
第一实施例的无光泽膜包括：膜层10，用高分子物质进行电纺丝来制备成超细纤维丝，并使该纤维丝堆积来形成为纳米网(nano web)形态；油墨层20，涂敷于膜层10的一面；粘结层30，层叠于膜层10的另一面。
在膜层10中，利用纺丝方法来将高分子物质制备成超细纤维丝18，并使该超细纤维丝18堆积来制备成具有多个气孔12的纳米网形态，因此上述膜层10的表面形成为不规则的形态。
膜层10是利用纺丝方法而制备成无纺布形态，因此其表面形成为不规则的凹凸16形态，且该不规则的凹凸16使光漫反射，由此赋予无光泽效果，且发挥耐指纹效果。
纤维丝18的直径优选在0.1～3.0μm范围。
其中，本发明所适用的纺丝方法可使用普通的电纺丝(electrospi nning)、空气电纺丝(AES，Air-Electrospinning)、电喷射(electros pray)、电喷射纺丝(electrobrown spinning)、离心电纺丝(centrifu gal electrospinning)、闪蒸纺丝(flash-electrospinning)中的某一种。
即，本发明的膜层10及粘结层30均可以适用能够制备成超细纤维丝堆积的形态的纺丝方法中的任何纺丝方法。
例如，制备膜层10的过程中所使用的高分子物质可使用包含聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF，Polyvinylidene Fluoride)、聚偏氟乙烯-共-六氟丙烯(Polyvinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene)、全氟聚合物(perf luoropolymer)、聚氯乙烯(polyvinyl chloride)或聚偏二氯乙烯(pol yvinylidene chloride)以及它们的共聚物及聚乙二醇二烷基醚(polyet hylene glycol dialkylether)及聚乙二醇二烷基酯(polyethylene glycol dialkyl ester)的聚乙二醇衍生物，包含聚甲醛-低聚-氧乙烯(poly ox ymethylene oligo oxyethylene)、聚环氧乙烷(polyethyleneoxide)及聚环氧丙烷(polypropyleneoxide)的多氧化物(polyoxide)，包含聚乙酸乙烯酯(polyvinyl acetate)、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮-聚乙酸乙烯酯(po ly vinylpyrrolidone-vinyl acetate)、聚苯乙烯(polystyrene)及聚苯乙烯丙烯腈(poly styrene acrylonitrile)共聚物、聚丙烯腈甲基丙烯酸酯(poly acrylonitrile methacrylate)共聚物的聚丙烯腈共聚物，甲基丙烯酸甲酯(methyl methacrylate)、甲基丙烯酸甲酯共聚物及它们的混合物。
膜层10是利用纺丝方法来制备的，因此根据高分子物质的纺丝量决定其厚度。因此，具有容易制备所需厚度的膜层10的优点。即，若使高分子物质的纺丝量减少，则能够制备厚度薄的膜层10，由于纺丝量少，因而能够减少制备费用。
像这样，膜层10是利用纺丝方法来制备的，因此根据高分子物质的纺丝量来自由调节厚度，与以往的无光泽膜相比，能够制备更薄的膜。
油墨层20中，以规定比率混合油墨、粘结剂及溶剂，并涂敷于膜层10的表面。此时，油墨层20的涂敷方法可使用凹版印刷、涂敷、喷射等。
油墨能够使用黑色油墨或彩色油墨，因而起到使无光泽膜具有各种颜色的作用。并且，油墨层20包含用于加强膜层10的强度的粘结剂，通过加强膜层10的表面强度，使其具有耐刮伤性。
其中，若使油墨层20变薄，则执行无光泽功能，但若使油墨层2 0变厚，则也能够制备执行有光泽功能的有光泽膜。
即，若使油墨层20变厚，则制备即具有有光泽功能，又具有耐指纹功能的有光泽耐指纹膜。
如图2所示，膜层10利用电纺丝方法来制备，并呈超细纤维丝18堆积的纳米网形态，因此在纤维丝18之间形成气孔12，且油墨层20围绕纤维丝的外面，由此加强纤维丝的强度。
并且，油墨层20涂敷于纤维丝18相互交叉的地点P，从而起到用于固定纤维丝之间的作用，来加强膜层10的强度。因此，不仅加强膜层10本身的强度，而且增加无光泽膜的表面强度，从而具有耐刮伤性。
像这样，油墨层20涂敷于纳米网形态的膜层10的表面，从而能够同时执行无光泽功能和耐指纹功能。
利用与制备膜层10的方法相同的电纺丝方法来制备粘结层30。即，混合粘合剂和溶剂来制备具有适合于电纺丝的粘度的粘结物质，并利用电纺丝方法来在膜层10的另一面纺丝该粘结物质，由此形成粘结层30。
此时，粘结层30的厚度根据粘结物质的纺丝量来决定。因此，能够自由设定粘结层30的厚度。
并且，粘结层30是以超细纤维丝形态纺丝，并粘结于膜层10的表面，粘结物质流入于膜层10的气孔12，来使膜层10和粘结层30之间的粘结强度增加。因此，能够解除当从产品分离无光泽膜时，在产品的表面残留粘结层而不干净的问题。
并且，随着粘结层30流入于膜层10的气孔12，能够随之增加粘结剂的量，由此，当形成相同的厚度的粘结层30时可增加粘结力。
在粘结层30的表面附着用于保护粘结层30的离型膜40。
在第一实施例中，说明了在膜层10的一面形成油墨层20，而只有一面具有无光泽无指纹功能的结构，但是，除此之外，也可适用双面具有无光泽无指纹功能的结构。
即，形成在膜层10的表面形成有油墨层20的一对结构后，使其相互贴合，则双面具有油墨层，由此制备双面无光泽无指纹的膜。
图3为本发明的第二实施例的无光泽膜的剖视图。
第二实施例的无光泽膜使用于需要膜层10的高强度的部位，上述无光泽膜包括：膜层10，利用纺丝方法来制备，并具有超细纤维堆积的规定厚度的纳米网(nano web)形态；第一粘结层32，层叠于膜层10的表面；第二粘结层34，层叠于上述第一粘结层32的表面；油墨层20，涂敷于膜层10的表面。
第一粘结层32为粘度高的粘结层，第二粘结层34为与第一粘结层32相比粘度相对低的粘结层。
若在膜层10的表面层叠粘度高的粘结层，则吸入于在膜层10形成的气孔12的粘结物质的量相对变少，因此，容易维持膜层10的形态，从而能够更加加强膜层10的强度。
因此，在膜层10的表面层叠粘度高的第一粘结层32，来加强膜层10的强度。
并且，若粘结层的粘度变高，则粘结力下降，因此为了防止粘结力下降，而在粘度高的第一粘结层32的表面层叠粘度低的第二粘结层34，来加强粘结力。
像这样，在第二实施例的无光泽膜中，在膜层10的表面层叠粘度高的第一粘结层32来加强膜层10的强度，并在第一粘结层32的表面层叠粘度低的第二粘结层34来加强粘结力。
图4为本发明的第三实施例的无光泽膜的剖视图。
第三实施例的无光泽膜包括：膜层10，利用纺丝方法来制备，并具有超细纤维堆积的规定厚度的纳米网(nano web)形态；无气孔膜层42，层叠于膜层10的一面；粘结层44，层叠于无气孔膜层42的表面。
在无气孔膜层42中，利用电纺丝方法来用含有聚氨酯(PU，Pol yurethane)或热塑性聚氨酯(TPU，Thermoplastic polyurethane)的高分子物质进行纺丝，来堆积超细纤维丝，则聚氨酯或热塑性聚氨酯溶解于溶剂，无需另行热处理，能够形成没有气孔的无气孔形态。
即，无气孔膜层42使用含有如聚氨酯或热塑性聚氨酯等溶解于溶剂的橡胶成分的粘结物质，因而，若进行电纺丝，则被溶剂溶解，而制备成没有气孔的无气孔型的膜。
若在膜层10的表面层叠无气孔膜层42，则粘结物质不吸入于形成在基材10的气孔12，由此能够加强基材10的强度。
粘结层44由粘度低的粘结层形成，来可提高粘结力。
像这样，在第三实施例的无光泽膜中，在膜层10和粘结层44之 间层叠无气孔膜层42，来防止粘结层44的粘结物质吸入于膜层10的气孔12，由此能够加强膜层10的强度。
图5为本发明的一实施例的用于制备无光泽膜的电纺丝装置的结构图。
本发明的电纺丝装置包括：第一混合槽50(Mixing Tank)，用于混合及储存粘结物质和溶剂；第二混合槽52，用于混合及储存高分子物质和溶剂；第一纺丝喷嘴54，与高电压发生器相连接，与第一混合槽50相连接，并喷射超细纤维丝14来形成粘结层30；第二纺丝喷嘴56，与高电压发生器相连接，与第二混合槽52相连接，并喷射超细纤维丝18来形成膜层10；收集器58，从第一纺丝喷嘴54及第二纺丝喷嘴56喷出的超细纤维丝14、18堆积于上述收集器58。
在第一混合槽50设有第一搅拌器62，该第一搅拌器62用于混匀粘结剂和溶剂，并且使粘结物质维持规定的粘度，在第二混合槽52设有第二搅拌器64，该第二搅拌器64用于混匀高分子物质和溶剂，并且使高分子物质维持规定的粘度。
收集器58用于捕集从第一纺丝喷嘴54及第二纺丝喷嘴56喷出的超细纤维丝，以输送器(conveyer)形态形成，来使借助第一纺丝喷嘴54而制备的粘结层30向第二纺丝喷嘴56移动，并在粘结层30的表面层叠膜层10。
随着对收集器58和纺丝喷嘴54、56之间施加90～120Kv的高电压静电力，来能够纺丝超细纤维丝14、18。
其中，第一纺丝喷嘴54、第二纺丝喷嘴56排列有多个，可以依次排列在一个腔室的内部，也可以分别配置于不同的腔室。
第一纺丝喷嘴54和第二纺丝喷嘴56分别具有空气喷射装置60，用于向纺丝喷嘴54、56喷出的纤维丝14、18喷射空气，来防止纤维丝14、18飘散，使其顺利捕集在收集器58。
在收集器58的前方配置由离型膜40卷而成的离型膜辊70，并向收集器58供给离型膜40。
在收集器58的一侧设有用于加压膜层10和粘结层30来使膜层10和粘结层30具有规定厚度的加压辊72，并设有卷绕随着通过加压辊72而被加压的膜层10及粘结层30的膜辊74。
以下，说明利用如上所述构成的电纺丝装置来制备无光泽膜的工序。
从离型膜辊70向收集器58供给离型膜40。
并且，对收集器58和第一纺丝喷嘴54之间施加高电压静电力，从第一纺丝喷嘴54向收集器58的上面，将粘结物质制备成超细纤维丝14来进行纺丝。由此，在离型膜40的表面捕集超细纤维丝，从而形成粘结层30。
此时，在设置于第一纺丝喷嘴54的空气喷射装置60喷出纤维丝14时，向纤维丝14喷射空气，来防止纤维丝14飘散，并捕集及堆积于收集器的表面。
并且，若粘结层30的制备结束，则驱动收集器58，粘结层30向第二纺丝喷嘴56的下部移动，且随着对收集器58和第二纺丝喷嘴56之间施加高电压静电力，从第二纺丝喷嘴56向粘结层30的表面喷射高分子物质，将高分子物质制备成超细纤维丝18来进行纺丝。由此，在粘结层30的表面捕集超细纤维丝，从而形成纳米网形态的膜层30。
此时，同样，在设置于第二纺丝喷嘴56的空气喷射装置60向纤维丝18喷射空气，来防止纤维丝18飘散，并捕集及堆积于粘结层10的表面。
如上所述完成的膜一边通过加压辊72，一边以规定厚度加压之后，卷绕在膜辊74。
并且，在膜层10的表面涂敷油墨层20，由此完成无光泽膜的制备。
其中，以规定比率混合油墨、粘结剂及溶剂来形成油墨层20，且油墨层20的涂敷方法可使用凹版印刷、涂敷、喷射等。
以上，以特定的优选实施例为例子图示及说明本发明，但是本发明不局限于上述实施例，在不脱离本发明的思想的范围内，本发明所属技术领域的普通技术人员能够进行各种变更及修改。
产业上的可利用性
无光泽膜使用于食品包装、书的封面、购物袋或标签纸等，并附着于安装在便携式电子设备的内部的近距离无线通信(NFC)天线的表面，还可使用为近距离无线通信天线的保护膜，本发明的无光泽膜能够实现薄的厚度，并能够提高性能，因此能够适用于各种领域。

Claims (15)

1.一种无光泽膜，其特征在于，
包括：
膜层，利用纺丝方法，用高分子物质进行纺丝而成为纤维丝，来形成为纳米网形态；
油墨层，涂敷于上述膜层的一面；
粘结层，利用电纺丝方法来层叠于上述膜层的另一面，
上述粘结层利用电纺丝方法用粘结物质进行纺丝而形成，上述粘结物质由粘结剂和溶剂混合而成并具有充分纺丝的粘度。
2.根据权利要求1所述的无光泽膜，其特征在于，上述纺丝方法使用电纺丝。
3.根据权利要求1所述的无光泽膜，其特征在于，上述膜层在表面形成不规则凹凸，同时具有使光漫反射的无光泽功能和防止留指纹的耐指纹功能。
4.根据权利要求1所述的无光泽膜，其特征在于，
上述油墨层由油墨、粘结剂及溶剂混合而成；
上述油墨为黑色或彩色。
5.根据权利要求1所述的无光泽膜，其特征在于，上述油墨层以包围的方式涂敷于纤维丝的外表面，并涂敷于多个纤维丝相互交叉的部分，用于加强膜层的强度。
6.根据权利要求1所述的无光泽膜，其特征在于，
上述粘结层包括：
第一粘结层，层叠于膜层的表面，
第二粘结层，层叠于上述第一粘结层的表面；
上述第一粘结层的粘度高于第二粘结层的粘度。
7.根据权利要求1所述的无光泽膜，其特征在于，还包括无气孔膜层，上述无气孔膜层层叠于上述膜层和粘结层之间。
8.根据权利要求7所述的无光泽膜，其特征在于，上述无气孔膜层利用纺丝方法用含有聚氨酯的高分子物质形成为无气孔的形态。
9.一种无光泽膜的制备方法，其特征在于，包括：
在离型膜的表面用粘结物质进行纺丝，来形成粘结层的步骤；
在上述粘结层的表面用高分子物质进行纺丝，来形成纳米网形态的膜层的步骤；以及
在上述膜层的一面涂敷油墨层的步骤。
10.根据权利要求9所述的无光泽膜的制备方法，其特征在于，在形成上述粘结层的步骤中，向收集器和第一纺丝喷嘴之间施加高电压静电力，并从第一纺丝喷嘴喷出粘结物质，以纤维丝堆积的形态形成粘结层。
11.根据权利要求9所述的无光泽膜的制备方法，其特征在于，在形成上述膜层的步骤中，向收集器和第二纺丝喷嘴之间施加高电压静电力，并从第二纺丝喷嘴喷出高分子物质，在粘结层的表面堆积形成纳米网形态的膜层。
12.根据权利要求10所述的无光泽膜的制备方法，其特征在于，当对上述纤维丝进行纺丝时，利用空气喷射装置向纤维丝喷射空气，来防止纤维丝飘散。
13.根据权利要求9所述的无光泽膜的制备方法，其特征在于，在涂敷上述油墨层的步骤中，利用涂敷方法来将由油墨、粘结剂及溶剂混合而成的油墨涂敷于膜层的表面。
14.根据权利要求9所述的无光泽膜的制备方法，其特征在于，形成上述粘结层的步骤包括：
在离型膜的表面形成粘度低的第一粘结层的步骤；
在上述第一粘结层的表面形成粘度高的第二粘结层的步骤。
15.一种无光泽膜的制备方法，其特征在于，包括：
在离型膜的表面用粘结物质进行纺丝，来形成粘结层的步骤；
在上述粘结层的表面用含有聚氨酯的高分子物质进行纺丝，来形成高分子膜层的步骤；
在上述高分子膜层的表面用高分子物质进行纺丝，来形成纳米网形态的膜层的步骤；以及
在上述膜层的一面涂敷油墨层的步骤。
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