CN104126550A - Method for domesticating daphnia magna and water ecological restoration method - Google Patents
Method for domesticating daphnia magna and water ecological restoration method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104126550A CN104126550A CN201410360301.5A CN201410360301A CN104126550A CN 104126550 A CN104126550 A CN 104126550A CN 201410360301 A CN201410360301 A CN 201410360301A CN 104126550 A CN104126550 A CN 104126550A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for domesticating daphnia magna and a water ecological restoration method through the same inventive concept. According to the method for domesticating the daphnia magna, toxic substances are added to a culture pool, and the method for domesticating the daphnia magna is achieved through specific domesticating methods. According to the water ecological restoration method, the daphnia magna domesticated through the toxic substances is adopted and put into water rich in algae and toxic substances such pesticides, therefore, the water is purified, and underwater ecological balance is restored so as to achieve water ecology self-purification.
Description
Technical field
The method that the present invention relates to two kinds of domestication Daphnia magna, also relates to two kinds of method for repairing water ecology, especially a kind of eutrophic water body ecological restoring method.
Background technology
Why blue-green alge is broken out, because the mankind's various activities in production, to river, the water body discharge nitrogen such as lake, phosphorus nutrition material, in the situation that lake ecological self-purification capacity is destroyed, the constantly accumulation in a large number in water body of the nutriments such as nitrogen phosphorus, cause unicellular alga, particularly blue-green algae (being mainly microcystic aeruginosa) is overflowed, the result of severe contamination water quality.Cells of Blue-green Algae has very flourishing phycocolloid layer mostly, and outside surrounded by the thick polysaccharose substance of one deck, and these phycocolloid and polysaccharose substance almost can not be decomposed by the digestive ferment of any higher mammal.Therefore, the appearance of blue-green algae biology, has almost become the cecum of food chain and biological chain.The expert of domestic and international many environmental protection and biological aspect adopts higher mammal to comprise that fish improvement blue-green algae pollutes, and does not all obtain desirable result.
Undoubtedly, Xiang Shuizhong adds chemical herbicide and algae flocculant can kill very soon precipitation algae.Chemical treatment is the solution that solves algae pollution most convenient, but on ecology, this is the worst method, because chemicals and their catabolite can finally run up in human body by biological chain.Importantly, chemical treatment can not be eliminated this basic problem of excessive fertilization, once chemicals is decomposed, dilutes, and the amount reproduction of algae will occur again, needs continual chemical treatment.
When dissolved oxygen is high, phosphate usually crystallization forms undissolved chemical combination state; And when dissolved oxygen is on the low side, will there is a large amount of dissolvings in phosphate.Therefore, the method for blowing aeration can reduce phosphatic solvability and greatly suppress algae reproduction.In the process of biotechnology, water oxygenation is very useful.But single oxygenation can not solve the too much problem of the original nutrient content of water body, it is so inevitable that the length of nutrition causes algal tufa to be appointed apart from recycle.
Microorganism formulation can be improved the microorganism in water body and substrate mud, and carries out benign decomposition and the mineralising of organic matter and nutritive element, and some nutritive elements are temporarily settled out with inertia form, and its result is similar to the method for blowing aeration.It should be noted that, itself is just decided by culture environment the existence of microorganism, and requiring to have the population of absolute predominance, general microbial treatment can only keep the good working state of 15-30 days, once condition changes, (comprises weather, substrate, various water quality conditions are as dissolved oxygen, acid-base value, temperature), these microorganism formulations must constantly add, otherwise the outburst of polluting may be more serious.
Algae is nutritious, decomposes rapidly, can be made into good organic manure.But it is too little to salvage the required mesh of algae, and water content is too high again, and from the viewpoint of business, the expense of salvaging is higher than the value of organic manure.
As everyone knows, plant waterborne (as weter hyacinth, water peanut, water lettuce, also comprise vegetables waterborne, flowers waterborne etc.) really can absorb the nutrient in water body, but they block the water surface, hide sunlight, cause at the bottom of part aquatic organism and mud biological, the particularly death of submerged plant, then cause at the bottom of mud in a large amount of dissolvings of nutritive salt, their drawback is far longer than the benefit that they bring.
As everyone knows, lake, existing field and with serious pollution water body are rich in the harmful substances such as agricultural chemicals and poisonous blue-green algae, without the Daphnia magna of domestication, are difficult to existence in the wild in the seriously polluted water environment that is rich in noxious material.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides two kinds of method and method for repairing water ecology with the domestication Daphnia magna (Daphnia magna Straus) of identical inventive concept.Its identical inventive concept is: first Daphnia magna is rendered to the culture pond cultivation a period of time with certain density noxious material, and then rendered in the culture pond without noxious material and rest and reorganize a period of time; Repeat above-mentioned steps at least one times, the noxious material concentration of each culture pond is in the progressively increase of a front concentration value, until the noxious material of throwing in culture pond reach Cmax value or high concentration value.Described method for repairing water ecology is the Daphnia magna adopting after above method domestication, renders in the water body that is rich in agricultural chemicals and algae with purifying water body.
Wherein, method and the method for repairing water ecology of the first domestication Daphnia magna are as follows:
Major technique object of the present invention is to tame out a kind of Daphnia magna to be specifically designed to and to repair seriously polluted, to be rich in agricultural chemicals and blue-green alge waters, in order to realize technical scheme that this technical purpose adopts for a kind of method of taming Daphnia magna is provided, comprises the following steps:
1). Daphnia magna is invested in culture pond, in culture pond, adds noxious material, in described culture pond, the content of noxious material is about 30% of its Cmax value, cultivates 12 hours; Daphnia magna is taken out, be placed in the culture pond that does not add described noxious material, cultivate 1 day;
2). by step 1) Daphnia magna that cultivate to obtain throws in to being added with in the culture pond of described noxious material, in described culture pond, noxious material content is about 40% of its Cmax value, cultivates 12 hours; Daphnia magna is taken out, be placed in the culture pond that does not add described noxious material, cultivate 2 days;
3). by that analogy, the Daphnia magna that previous step cultivate is obtained, is invested in the culture pond that is added with described noxious material, and in described culture pond, the content of noxious material is to increase by 10% on the basis of previous step concentration value, cultivates 12 hours; Then, Daphnia magna is taken out, be placed in the culture pond that does not add described noxious material, on the basis that the number of days of cultivation is previous step, increase by 1 day;
4). the concentration in the culture pond that is added with described noxious material reach Cmax value 100% after, by cultivate the Daphnia magna obtain be added with described noxious material concentration be Cmax value culture pond in cultivate 12 hours, then be placed in the culture pond that does not add described noxious material and cultivate 7 days, so repeatedly cultivate 3 times;
Wherein, described noxious material is selected from: hexachlorobutadiene, acrylamide, butyl xanthic acid, dichlorodiphenyl trichloroethane, lindane, Heptachlor epoxide, parathion, parathion-methyl, malathion, Rogor, dichlorvos, chlorophos, demeton, tpn, carbaryl, decis, atrazine, benzo (a) pyrene, benzidine or pentachlorophenol;
The Cmax value that described noxious material is corresponding is as shown in the table:
Another technical purpose of the present invention is for reparation is contaminated seriously, be rich in the water ecology in the waters of agricultural chemicals and blue-green alge, and can not cause again the secondary pollution of water ecology, in order to realize this technical purpose, provide a kind of method for repairing water ecology, and the method comprises the steps:
1), with two or more noxious material, come respectively according to the method domestication Daphnia magna of above-mentioned domestication Daphnia magna, to after different noxious material domestications, obtain Daphnia magna mixes, and Mixed culture 7 weeks, it is intersected and breed, to strengthen the Daphnia magna next generation to the drug resistance of various toxicity of pesticide and adaptability; Described noxious material is selected from hexachlorobutadiene, acrylamide, butyl xanthic acid, dichlorodiphenyl trichloroethane, lindane, Heptachlor epoxide, parathion, parathion-methyl, malathion, Rogor, dichlorvos, chlorophos, demeton, tpn, carbaryl, decis, atrazine, benzo (a) pyrene, benzidine, pentachlorophenol;
2), by step 1) Daphnia magna that obtains render to by the water body of algae pollution with purifying water body.
Preferably, by step 1) before the Daphnia magna that obtains renders to water body, also comprising the steps: step 1) Daphnia magna that cultivate to obtain tames once according to step described in claim 1 again with microcapsule algae toxin again, wherein this microcapsule algae toxin Cmax value is 0.055 μ g/L, through this toxin of throwing something and feeding, tame the Daphnia magna obtaining, can strengthen its resistivity to cyanophycean toxin, and strengthen the ability that it engulfs blue-green algae.
More one progressively, and described method for repairing water ecology also comprises the steps: 3) at bottom kind planting submerged plant.
As a kind of embodiment, described submerged plant comprises submerged forest species, and wherein said submerged forest species comprise at least one in following species: water caltrop (Potamogeton crispus); Eel grass (Vallisneria spiralis), thorn eel grass (Vallisneria spinulosa), dragon's tongue (Ottelia alismoides), p.malaianus (Potamogeton malaimus), comb tooth pondweed (Potamogeton pectinatus), micro-tooth pondweed (Potamogeton maackianus), plum blossom algae (Batrachium trichophyllum), watermifoil (Myricphyllum spicatum).
As a kind of alternative, described submerged plant comprises turf species under water, and the wherein said species of turf under water comprise at least one in following species: waterweed (Elodea Canadensis), hydrilla verticillata (IIydrilla verticillata), stonewort (Chara), little najas marina (Najas minor), najas marina (Najasmajor), hornwort (Ceratophyllumdemersum).
Preferably, the coverage rate of described submerged plant is 20%～60%.
A progressive ground more, described method for repairing water ecology, also comprises the steps: 4) in water body, put into beneficial microbe, wherein this beneficial microbe can with Daphnia magna symbiosis.
More one progressively, and described method for repairing water ecology, also comprises the steps: 5) in water body, put into senior aquatic animal, comprise at least one in spiral shell, shellfish, fish, shrimps.
Particularly, described method for repairing water ecology step 2) the input density of medium-and-large-sized Magna is 2-100/premium on currency.
Wherein, method and the method for repairing water ecology of the second domestication Daphnia magna are as follows:
Major technique object of the present invention is to tame out a kind of Daphnia magna to be specifically designed to the waters that reparation is seriously polluted, be rich in noxious material and algae, the method of another kind of domestication Daphnia magna is provided in order to realize this technical purpose, it still can be survived in the water environment of high concentration noxious material, comprises the following steps:
1). Daphnia magna is rendered in the culture pond with noxious material and cultivated a period of time, then its taking-up is rendered in the culture pond without described noxious material and rested and reorganized a period of time;
2). at least repeat once described step 1), in each culture pond, the content of noxious material progressively increases on the basis of a front concentration value.
Further, the method for described domestication Daphnia magna is further comprising the steps of:
3). in culture pond, the concentration of noxious material reaches after described high concentration value, repeatedly cultivates and rest and reorganize for several times under this high concentration value.
Preferably, the 10-30% that the noxious material concentration described step 1) is described high concentration value.
Preferably, the 5-10% that described step 2), the concentration value of each noxious material increasing is described high concentration value.
, described step 1 preferred as another) incubation time is 12-48h, and the rest and reorganization time is 1-7 days.
Another technical purpose of the present invention is for reparation is contaminated seriously, be rich in the water ecology in the waters of noxious material and algae, and can not cause again the secondary pollution of water ecology, in order to realize this technical purpose, provide another kind of method for repairing water ecology, for repairing the water body that contains single noxious material, comprise the steps:
Method according to described another kind of domestication Daphnia magna is tamed Daphnia magna, and the Daphnia magna that domestication is obtained is rendered in the water body that is rich in noxious material and algae, makes its algae that ingests, absorb and degraded noxious material, thereby with purifying water body.
Another embodiment as another kind of method for repairing water ecology, for repairing the water body that contains multiple noxious material, comprises the steps:
1). the method according to another kind domestication Daphnia magna is tamed Daphnia magna, and the Daphnia magna Mixed culture by obtaining after different noxious material domestications, intersects it and breed;
2). by step 1) intersect offspring's Daphnia magna that breeding obtains and render in the water body that is rich in noxious material and algae, make its algae that ingests, absorb and degraded noxious material, thus purifying water body.
Preferably, by step 1) and step 2) between also comprise the steps: step 1) intersect offspring's Daphnia magna that breeding obtains and with microcapsule algae toxin, according to another kind, tame again step described in the method for Daphnia magna and again tame.
Preferably another kind of method for repairing water ecology also comprises the steps: to put into beneficial microbe in water body as a kind of, wherein this beneficial microbe can with Daphnia magna symbiosis.
Preferably, described another kind of method for repairing water ecology also comprises the steps: at bottom kind planting submerged plant.
Particularly, described submerged plant comprises at least one in following species: water caltrop, eel grass, thorn eel grass, dragon's tongue, p.malaianus, comb tooth pondweed, micro-tooth pondweed, plum blossom algae, watermifoil, waterweed, hydrilla verticillata, stonewort, little najas marina, najas marina, hornwort.
As a kind of preferred, its coverage rate of described submerged plant is 20%～60%.
As a kind of preferred, another kind of method for repairing water ecology also comprises the steps: to put into senior aquatic animal in water body.
Particularly, described senior aquatic animal is selected from least one in spiral shell, shellfish, fish, shrimps, and described spiral shell can be selected from radix auricularia.
Preferably, step 2), the input density of offspring's Daphnia magna is 2-100/premium on currency.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following beneficial effect:
1. the method for the domestication Daphnia magna by two kinds of identical inventive concepts of the present invention, strengthen the resistance of Daphnia magna to noxious material, make it can engulf severe contamination, be rich in the algae in the waters of the noxious materials such as agricultural chemicals, thereby can repair water ecology in the waters that is heavily polluted, is rich in the noxious materials such as agricultural chemicals and algae pollution.
2. in the present invention by the Daphnia magna after microcapsule algae toxin and beneficial microbe domestication, strengthened Daphnia magna to the opposing of cyanophycean toxin and phagocytic activity, made Daphnia magna even can singlely digest and assimilate blue-green algae, absorbed and degraded noxious material.
3. the method for repairing water ecology providing can purify rapidly the waters of severe contamination and chronic pollution, makes its ecological balance that reaches water body, the secondary pollution that this method for repairing water ecology can not cause ecology and any negative effect.
Embodiment
In order to make the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer and more definite, below the preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail.
The embodiment of the method for domestication Daphnia magna
By domestication Daphnia magna, make its blue-green alge that can ingest in seriously polluted, to be rich in agricultural chemicals waters, the method for described domestication Daphnia magna of the present invention, it comprises the following steps:
1), Daphnia magna is invested in culture pond, to adding noxious material in culture pond, be hexachlorobutadiene, its Cmax value is 0.033 μ g/L.The concentration that contains hexachlorobutadiene in described culture pond is 0.0099 μ g/L, cultivates 12 hours; Daphnia magna is taken out, be placed in the culture pond that does not add hexachlorobutadiene, cultivate 1 day; The bait of the input in described culture pond can be blue-green alge.
2), by step 1) Daphnia magna that cultivate to obtain throws in to being added with in the culture pond of described hexachlorobutadiene, in this culture pond, hexachlorobutadiene concentration value is 0.0132 μ g/L, cultivates 12 hours; Daphnia magna is taken out, be placed in the culture pond that does not add described hexachlorobutadiene, cultivate 2 days;
3), by step 2) Daphnia magna that cultivate to obtain, be invested in the culture pond that is added with hexachlorobutadiene, in this culture pond, containing hexachlorobutadiene concentration is 0.0165 μ g/L, cultivates 12 hours; Then, Daphnia magna is taken out, be placed in the culture pond that does not add hexachlorobutadiene, the number of days of cultivation is 3 days; By that analogy, cultivate the Daphnia magna obtaining, be invested in the culture pond that is added with described hexachlorobutadiene, in described culture pond, hexachlorobutadiene concentration value respectively is 0.0198 μ g/L, 0.0231 μ g/L, 0.0264 μ g/L, 0.0297 μ g/L, cultivate respectively 12 hours; Then, Daphnia magna is taken out, be placed in the culture pond that does not add hexachlorobutadiene, the number of days of cultivation is respectively 4 days, 5 days, 6 days, 7 days.
4) hexachlorobutadiene, adding in culture pond concentration while reaching Cmax value 0.033 μ g/L, by step 3) cultivate the Daphnia magna obtain be added with described hexachlorobutadiene Cmax value culture pond in cultivate 12 hours, then be placed in the culture pond that does not add described hexachlorobutadiene and cultivate 7 days, so repeatedly cultivate 3 times.The object of repeatedly cultivating is to improve the stability after Daphnia magna is tamed by noxious material.The present invention is the Daphnia magna of 1-20 days for the Daphnia magna range of choice age in days of taming.
The noxious material adding in the method for this domestication Daphnia magna in culture pond can replace with acrylamide, butyl xanthic acid, dichlorodiphenyl trichloroethane, lindane, Heptachlor epoxide, parathion, parathion-methyl, malathion, Rogor, dichlorvos, chlorophos, demeton, tpn, carbaryl, decis, atrazine, benzo (a) pyrene, benzidine or pentachlorophenol, all to tame the step of Daphnia magna identical with adding hexachlorobutadiene for its operating procedure, repeats no more herein.The corresponding Cmax value of each noxious material is shown in Table 1.
Cmax value corresponding to noxious material in table 1 Daphnia magna domesticating method
Method for repairing water ecology embodiment
The invention provides a kind of method for repairing water ecology comprises the steps:
1), with two or more noxious material, according to the step in the embodiment of the method for domestication Daphnia magna, tame respectively Daphnia magna, to after different noxious material domestications, obtain Daphnia magna mixes, and Mixed culture 7 weeks, it is intersected and breed, to strengthen the Daphnia magna next generation to the drug resistance of various toxicity of pesticide and adaptability; Described noxious material is selected from hexachlorobutadiene, acrylamide, butyl xanthic acid, dichlorodiphenyl trichloroethane, lindane, Heptachlor epoxide, parathion, parathion-methyl, malathion, Rogor, dichlorvos, chlorophos, demeton, tpn, carbaryl, decis, atrazine, benzo (a) pyrene, benzidine or pentachlorophenol; In this specific embodiment, adopt hexachlorobutadiene, acrylamide, butyl xanthic acid, dichlorodiphenyl trichloroethane, these 5 kinds of noxious materials of lindane to tame.
2), by step 1) Daphnia magna that obtains tames once according to the step in the embodiment of the method for above-mentioned domestication Daphnia magna again with microcapsule algae toxin again, wherein this microcapsule algae toxin Cmax value is 0.055 μ g/L.As its name suggests, it is not agricultural chemicals that this Microcystin is extracted from Microcystis aeruginosa, through the Daphnia magna of this toxin of throwing something and feeding, can strengthen the resistivity of Daphnia magna to blue-green alge toxin, and strengthen the ability that it engulfs blue-green algae, it is identical with other noxious materials for taming the feeding method of Daphnia magna.
3), by step 2) Daphnia magna that obtains renders in seriously polluted, to be rich in agricultural chemicals and algae pollution water body with purifying water body, algae herein comprises blue-green algae, green alga, diatom and brown alga.
In the method, the Daphnia magna after domestication, through purifying, is tamed by microcapsule algae toxin after rejuvenation again, to strengthen Daphnia magna to the opposing of cyanophycean toxin and phagocytic activity, make Daphnia magna even can singlely digest and assimilate blue-green algae.
In order to regulate pH and the bactericidal action of bed mud in the pool, lake, the present invention also can carry out activity to the pool, lake wetland mud and process and to throw in lime, and the sudden and violent oxygen facility of water is sunk in prefabricated installation.
It should be noted that Daphnia magna ingests after digestion water body blue-green alge, can produce weakly acidic excreta, reduce the pH value that water body gathers, and suppress the growth of water body blue-green alge, because the higher pH value of water body blue-green alge outburst needs.Experimental results show that algivorous insect discharges a kind of acidic metabolite, the alkaline water quality (acidity-basicity ph 8.0-9.5) after blue-green alge outburst, is reduced to normal water quality acidity-basicity ph 6.5-8.0, further suppresses breaking out again of blue-green alge.
It is 200-250/premium on currency that this method adopts the water body density of the Daphnia magna before domestication; It is 2-100/premium on currency that this method adopts the input density of the Daphnia magna after harmful agricultural chemicals and microcapsule algae toxin domestication, or every mu of 5-10 kilogram, when the water body density of Daphnia magna reaches 60-100/premium on currency, engulfs blue-green algae ability and reaches the strongest; This method adopts the Daphnia magna of domestication to eat after blue-green algae, and water transparency can be brought up to 100-150cm from 30-50cm.
Application Daphnia magna is administered water environment and is polluted, neither need the hardware construction of huge fund, do not need a large amount of electric energy yet, more without any need for chemicals reagent etc., this method relies on food chain relation between biology and biology completely, the benign cycle of the formation ecosystem, the energy mainly maintains by solar energy and a small amount of electric energy oxygenation.Only when start early stage, need certain input, after startup, daily maintenance maintains under low-cost level and moves.
The present invention is a kind of method for repairing water ecology, further comprising the steps of: (4) are at bottom kind planting submerged plant.Wherein submerged plant comprises submerged forest species and turf species under water.
The main species of submerged forest in winter in the submerged plant that the present invention adopts are: water caltrop.The main species of submerged forest in summer in the submerged plant that the present invention adopts are: eel grass, thorn eel grass, dragon's tongue, p.malaianus, comb tooth pondweed, micro-tooth pondweed, plum blossom algae, watermifoil.
The main species of turf in winter in the submerged plant that the present invention adopts are: waterweed.The main species of turf in summer in the submerged plant that the present invention adopts are: hydrilla verticillata, stonewort, little najas marina, najas marina, hornwort.
Submerged plant in winter (submerged forest and the under water turf) coverage rate that this method adopts is 20%-40%, can do appropriateness adjustment according to pollution of waterhead situation.Submerged plant in summer (submerged forest and the under water turf) coverage rate that this method adopts is 40%-60%, can do appropriateness adjustment according to pollution of waterhead situation.
Water body blue-green alge reduces after disappearance, and water transparency increases, and sunlight can enter the bottom, promotes the growth of the water-bed submerged vegetation of water body.This method adopts the Daphnia magna of domestication not only can eat blue-green alge, can also engulf all suspended materials in water: comprise other algae, organic debris, suspension bacterium and silt, increase substantially water quality transparency, even The water is no clear that one can see down to the bottom, at the bottom of allowing sunlight inject deep water.Therefore the present invention adopts Daphnia magna guiding submerged plant (be submerged forest and under water turf) Fast Growth to obtain enough sunlight, transforms in a large number eutrophy.
Application Daphnia magna is processed waters blue-green alga pollution, once it is ecological to set up " Daphnia magna-submerged forest " symbiosis, with regard to very easily carrying out the plantation of ornamental plants under water and making scape, not only can purify water, can also build prismy beautiful natural landscape under water.
It is worthy of note, Daphnia magna is eaten the metabolite after algae, contains abundant middle carbon, is the photosynthetic important carbon source of submerged plant.Therefore this method adopts Daphnia magna guiding submerged plant (be submerged forest and under water turf) to exceed imagination ground to rebuild rapidly and recovery.This method adopts Daphnia magna to promote rapid reconstruction and the recovery of submerged plant (be submerged forest and under water turf), and submerged plant is than the fast 2-5 of self-sow times.
Progressively optimize different cultivars and the cultivated area of " submerged forest and under water turf ", form spring, summer, the oneself's ecological alternation of autumn, winter, annual competitive alternative unicellular alga carries out photosynthesis under water, discharge a large amount of dissolved oxygens, sponge the Eutrophication materials such as nitrogen too much in water body, phosphorus, form the preliminary self-cleaning of ecology of water, and the growth that produces allelopathy long term inhibition unicellular alga.
In step 4) after " submerged forest and under water turf " set up, a kind of method for repairing water ecology in the present invention, comprise the following steps: 5) again to splash in water body into through acclimation and screening, can with the beneficial microbe of Daphnia magna symbiosis, promote the growth of submerged plant simultaneously.By Daphnia magna, carry beneficial microorganism and spread at the bottom of mud, promote mud at the bottom of redox potential raise, impel aquatic insect and aquatic benthicly grow in a large number, under cogeneration system effect, form sealing up for safekeeping and ecological chain self-cleaning of bed mud nutriment.
This beneficial microbe, is distributed widely in the tissues such as root, stem, leaf of submerged plant (be submerged forest and under water turf), the denitrogenation that in water body, beneficial microbe purifies water, falls phosphorus efficiency and can improve 3-10 doubly.Promote the healthy Fast Growth of submerged plant (be submerged forest and under water turf).In help water body, beneficial microorganism purification of water quality engineering is powerful rapidly.
In step 5) in, in the ecosystem under water after repairing or rebuilding, under the various microbial actions that water eutrophication nitrogen element adheres in the pores such as submerged plant root, stem, leaf, arteries and veins, about 80-90% is converted into nitrogen (N by denitrification
2) enter air; The nitrogen element of 10-20% of only having an appointment is converted into the protein of pasture and water itself by photosynthesis.In the ecosystem under water after repairing or rebuilding, under the various microorganism adsorption mineralizations that water eutrophication P elements adheres in the pores such as submerged plant root, stem, leaf, arteries and veins, about 70-75% is mineralized into the calcium phosphate (falling in high oxidation state mud) of inert condition; The P elements of 20-30% of only having an appointment is converted into the organic active substance of pasture and water itself by photosynthesis.
Daphnia magna technology, in conjunction with specific acclimated microorganism, can make water quality transparency keep more than 3-4 month, until after " submerged forest " recover, and various aquatic animals and plants adjustments, water quality transparency just can several years, continue to decades.
The present invention is a kind of method for repairing water ecology, further comprising the steps of: 6) put at least one of the senior aquatic animals such as spiral shell, shellfish, fish, shrimps.Daphnia magna and submerged vegetation can be eaten up by senior aquatic animals such as spiral shell, shellfish, fish, shrimps.
Described employing radix auricularia, formal name used at school Radix auricularia.In this method, effectively scrape food submerged plant leaf surfaces and hold up the dust that adheres to and the organic debris of accumulation, maintain submerged plant (submerged forest and under water turf) and obtain more light and healthy growth.This method adopts " Daphnia magna-grass " symbiosis water purification system, and the redox potential of (mud) at the bottom of raising mud, promotes zoobenthos (comprising aquatic oligochaetes, snail, shellfish and aquatic insect larva etc.) ramp breeding; The fast transfer of (mud) matter and energy at the bottom of further help mud.This method adopts the restoration of the ecosystem of " Daphnia magna-grass " symbiosis water purification system guiding zoobenthos (comprising aquatic oligochaetes, snail, shellfish and aquatic insect larva etc.), be built into " Daphnia magna-grass-spiral shell-shellfish " symbiosis water purification system, effectively transform organic debris and the benthic algae of the aging generation of submerged plant (submerged forest and under water leather and fur), further promote the optimum transfer of the food chain of nutriment in water body.
The present invention is a kind of method for repairing water ecology, further comprising the steps of: the 7) aquatic products such as rational fishing fish, shrimp, spiral shell, shellfish, nitrogen in water body, phosphorus nutrition material are shifted to disembarkation from water body, form the waters food chain ecological balance, reach ecology of water self-cleaning effect.
The present invention is a kind of method for repairing water ecology, further comprising the steps of: 8) put into predacious fish, can prey on spiral shell, shellfish, fish, shrimp etc., form biological chain and maintain the ecological balance.
The present invention is a kind of method for repairing water ecology, further comprising the steps of: 9) when having under the situation of seriously polluted or chronic pollution, can put into Daphnia magna and regulate as emergent, guarantee water ecology balance.
Daphnia magna is first degree primary consumer, and the bottom in food chain does not exist any omnivorousness and carnivorous animal can using it as foundation bait, and therefore, Daphnia magna is easy to be eliminated, and does not have any bio-safety problem.Application Daphnia magna is administered waters blue-green alga pollution, mainly that the mode of transmitting by biological chain energy is enriched to the nutritive salt such as the nitrogen in water, phosphorus on high animal and plant body, by fishing for aquatic products, eutrophy is shifted to disembarkation again, reach the mesotrophic object of thorough proposition water and finally realize ecosystem benign cycle and self-cleaning, therefore do not have secondary pollution.
Finally set up the ecological maintenance maintain measures such as follow-up ecological balance adjustment, the emergent adjusting of Daphnia magna control algae, biotic population optimization, be the standard that water quality eutrophy declines, is stabilized to surface water III class left and right (the basic water source of Drinking Water requires), water quality transparency reaches more than 2 meters.
Water ecology repairing effect of the present invention can guarantee that The water is no clear that one can see down to the bottom, and the main eutrophy index of water quality can reach national surface water three class water standards (drinking water source basic standard).To the clearance proportion by subtraction of algae, total nitrogen, total phosphorus and COD, be 99-100%, 90-95%, 80-90%, 75-80%.Except accounting for the submerged vegetation of the leading self-purification function of water body recovered, can also recover aquatic ornamental plant water lily, lotus etc.Further recovered the original part of water body original inhabitants aquatic insect, worm, oligochaetes animal, the end dwell spiral shell, shellfish and part water body fish dwell at the end.Form the stable ecological balance comprehensively, and set up follow-up ecological balance maintaining system means and working specification.
Water ecology repairing effect example
Shenzhen's lichee lake water environmental ecology recovery project demonstrative project: Shenzhen's lichee lake water area is 10.91 ten thousand square metres, maximum reservoir storage approximately 25 ten thousand steres, play the effect of certain flood of regulating and storing, while meeting torrential rain, the dirty pipe network of municipal administration rain contain the virose sewage such as agricultural chemicals, within 1 year ten, repeatedly pour in lake for several times.Just because of this, two during the last ten years, becomes the great difficult problem that Shenzhen government administers lichee lake water environment.
From the analysis of < < water environment quality standard > > (GB3838-2002) standard limited value, wherein, CODMn numerical value is 16mg/L; Ammonia nitrogen numerical value is respectively 2.81mg/L and exceeds V class water quality standard limit value, is evaluated as bad V class water quality, approximately 0.35 meter of the transparency of lichee lake water.On March 10th, 2014, Shenzhen lichee lake water environmental ecology recovery project demonstrative project goes into operation.March 27, demonstrative project is carried out the active processing of silt from the bottom of lake.April 19, demonstrative project completes sludge handling and TYY-8 submerged plant planting, and playback big lake is contained the virose sewage such as agricultural chemicals and entered in project lake.In evening April 24, demonstrative project is thrown in TYY-1 Daphnia magna.Short 3 days 7 day time, suspension in TYY-1 Daphnia magna food algae control algae and the water of eating, demonstrative project water clarity reaches 0.7 meter.Behind sky, demonstrative project water clarity reaches 1.2 meters, and the virose sewage such as agricultural chemicals that contain because of 8 dirty pipe networks of municipal rain of heavy rain reason experience washed away afterwards, and the system of having washed away plays a role at every turn, and after 3 days, water transparency automatically restores to 1.2 meters.When the ecosystem entered after the benign cycle stage, water clarity reaches more than 2 meters.
Another embodiment of method of domestication Daphnia magna
The method of another kind of domestication Daphnia magna described in the present embodiment, it still can be survived in the water environment of the decis of high concentration, by domestication Daphnia magna, make its severe contamination of can ingesting, be rich in the algae in the waters of noxious material, the method comprises the following steps:
1), Daphnia magna is rendered in the culture pond with decis and cultivated, its high concentration value is 0.385 μ g/L, and high concentration value also can be referred to as Cmax value herein.The concentration that contains decis in described culture pond is 0.1155 μ g/L, cultivates 24 hours; Again its taking-up is rendered in the culture pond without decis, rested and reorganized and cultivate 1 day; The bait of the input in described culture pond can be blue-green alge.
2), by step 1) Daphnia magna that cultivate to obtain renders in the culture pond with described decis, in this culture pond, decis concentration value is 0.154 μ g/L, cultivates 24 hours; Its taking-up is rendered in the culture pond without described decis, the number of days of cultivating of resting and reorganizing is 1-7 days, for example 2 days again; By cultivating the Daphnia magna obtaining, rendered in the culture pond with decis, in this culture pond, decis concentration is 0.1925 μ g/L, cultivates 24 hours again; Then, its taking-up is rendered in the culture pond without decis, the number of days of cultivating of resting and reorganizing is 1-7 days, for example 3 days; By that analogy, cultivate the Daphnia magna obtaining, render in the culture pond with described decis, in described culture pond, decis concentration value respectively is 0.231 μ g/L, and 0.2695 μ g/L, 0.308 μ g/L, 0.3465 μ g/L, cultivate respectively 24 hours; Then, its taking-up is rendered in the culture pond without decis, rest and reorganization cultivated days can be 1-7 days, for example, be respectively 4 days, 5 days, 6 days, 7 days.
3), in culture pond decis concentration while reaching high concentration value 0.385 μ g/L, in the described decis culture pond of this high concentration value, cultivate 24 hours, then rendered in the culture pond without described decis and cultivated 7 days; Repeating step 3) repeatedly.The object of repeatedly cultivating is to improve the stability after Daphnia magna is tamed by noxious material.The present invention is the Daphnia magna of 1-20 days for the Daphnia magna range of choice age in days of taming.
Other noxious material of the decis free list 1 of the present embodiment substitutes, and the high concentration value 0.385 μ g/L of decis is only also that its high concentration value or Cmax value can be its LC for example
50(median lethal concentration).Kind to listed noxious material includes but not limited to table 1, repeats no more herein, and its high concentration value or Cmax value can be LC
50(median lethal concentration).
Another embodiment of method for repairing water ecology
When severe contamination being detected, be rich in while only containing single noxious material in the water body of noxious material, be for example decis.Directly adopt method described in another embodiment > > of method of < < domestication Daphnia magna to tame Daphnia magna, then the Daphnia magna obtaining after domestication is rendered in this water body, make its algae that ingests, absorb and degraded noxious material, thus purifying water body.
When severe contamination being detected, be rich in while containing two or more noxious material in the water body of noxious material, be for example decis and dichlorodiphenyl trichloroethane, this method for repairing water ecology, comprises the steps:
1). adopt decis to tame Daphnia magna by the method for another embodiment > > of method of < < domestication Daphnia magna; Adopt dichlorodiphenyl trichloroethane to tame Daphnia magna by the method for another embodiment > > of method of < < domestication Daphnia magna simultaneously, then by the Daphnia magna Mixed culture obtaining after decis and dichlorodiphenyl trichloroethane domestication respectively, it is intersected and breed;
2). by step 1) intersect offspring's Daphnia magna that breeding obtains and render in this water body that is rich in noxious material and algae, make its algae that ingests, absorb and degraded noxious material, thus purifying water body.
As a kind of preferred scheme, can be by step 1) intersect offspring's Daphnia magna that breeding obtains and by the method that microcapsule algae toxin is tamed another embodiment > > of method of Daphnia magna according to < <, again tame again, wherein microcapsule algae toxin Cmax value or high concentration value are 10mg/L.In the method, the Daphnia magna after domestication, through purifying, is tamed by microcapsule algae toxin after rejuvenation again, to strengthen Daphnia magna to the opposing of cyanophycean toxin and phagocytic activity, make Daphnia magna even can singlely digest and assimilate blue-green algae.
It should be noted that Daphnia magna ingests after digestion water body blue-green alge, can produce weakly acidic excreta, reduce the pH value that water body gathers, and suppress the growth of water body blue-green alge, because the higher pH value of water body blue-green alge outburst needs.Experimental results show that Daphnia magna discharges a kind of acidic metabolite, the alkaline water quality (acidity-basicity ph 8.0-9.5) after blue-green alge outburst, is reduced to normal water quality acidity-basicity ph 6.5-8.0, further suppresses breaking out again of blue-green alge.
It is 300-500/premium on currency that this method adopts the water body density of the Daphnia magna before domestication; It is 2-100/premium on currency that this method adopts the input density of the offspring's Daphnia magna after the noxious materials such as harmful agricultural chemicals and microcapsule algae toxin domestication, when the water body density of Daphnia magna reaches 60-100/premium on currency, engulfs blue-green algae ability and reaches the strongest; This method adopts the Daphnia magna of domestication to eat after blue-green algae, and water transparency can be brought up to 100-150cm from 30-50cm.
Application Daphnia magna is administered water environment and is polluted, neither need the hardware construction of huge fund, do not need a large amount of electric energy yet, more without any need for chemicals reagent etc., this method relies on food chain relation between biology and biology completely, the benign cycle of the formation ecosystem, the energy mainly maintains by solar energy and a small amount of electric energy oxygenation.Only when start early stage, need certain input, after startup, daily maintenance maintains under low-cost level and moves.
The present invention is a kind of method for repairing water ecology, further comprising the steps of: (4) are at bottom kind planting submerged plant.Wherein submerged plant comprises submerged forest species and turf species under water.
The main species of submerged forest in winter in the submerged plant that the present invention adopts are: water caltrop.The main species of submerged forest in summer in the submerged plant that the present invention adopts are: eel grass, thorn eel grass, dragon's tongue, p.malaianus, comb tooth pondweed, micro-tooth pondweed, plum blossom algae, watermifoil.
The main species of turf in winter in the submerged plant that the present invention adopts are: waterweed.The main species of turf in summer in the submerged plant that the present invention adopts are: hydrilla verticillata, stonewort, little najas marina, najas marina, hornwort.
Submerged plant in winter (submerged forest and the under water turf) coverage rate that this method adopts is 20%-40%, can do appropriateness adjustment according to pollution of waterhead situation.Submerged plant in summer (submerged forest and the under water turf) coverage rate that this method adopts is 40%-60%, can do appropriateness adjustment according to pollution of waterhead situation.
Algae and water reduces after disappearance, and water transparency increases, and sunlight can enter the bottom, promotes the growth of the water-bed submerged vegetation of water body.This method adopts the Daphnia magna of domestication not only can eat blue-green alge, can also engulf all suspended materials in water: comprise other algae, organic debris, suspension bacterium and silt, increase substantially water quality transparency, even The water is no clear that one can see down to the bottom, at the bottom of allowing sunlight inject deep water.Therefore the present invention adopts Daphnia magna guiding submerged plant (be submerged forest and under water turf) Fast Growth to obtain enough sunlight, transforms in a large number eutrophy.
Application Daphnia magna is processed waters blue-green alga pollution, once it is ecological to set up " Daphnia magna-submerged forest " symbiosis, with regard to very easily carrying out the plantation of ornamental plants under water and making scape, not only can purify water, can also build prismy beautiful natural landscape under water.
It is worthy of note, Daphnia magna is eaten the metabolite after algae, contains abundant middle carbon, is the photosynthetic important carbon source of submerged plant.Therefore this method adopts Daphnia magna guiding submerged plant (be submerged forest and under water turf) to exceed imagination ground to rebuild rapidly and recovery.This method adopts Daphnia magna to promote rapid reconstruction and the recovery of submerged plant (be submerged forest and under water turf), and submerged plant is than the fast 2-5 of self-sow times.
Progressively optimize different cultivars and the cultivated area of " submerged forest and under water turf ", form spring, summer, the oneself's ecological alternation of autumn, winter, annual competitive alternative unicellular alga carries out photosynthesis under water, discharge a large amount of dissolved oxygens, sponge the Eutrophication materials such as nitrogen too much in water body, phosphorus, form the preliminary self-cleaning of ecology of water, and the growth that produces allelopathy long term inhibition unicellular alga.
In step 4) after " submerged forest and under water turf " set up, a kind of method for repairing water ecology in the present invention, comprise the following steps: 5) again to splash in water body into through acclimation and screening, can with the beneficial microbe of Daphnia magna symbiosis, promote the growth of submerged plant simultaneously.By Daphnia magna, carry beneficial microorganism and spread at the bottom of mud, promote mud at the bottom of redox potential raise, impel aquatic insect and aquatic benthicly grow in a large number, under cogeneration system effect, form sealing up for safekeeping and ecological chain self-cleaning of bed mud nutriment.
This beneficial microbe, is distributed widely in the tissues such as root, stem, leaf of submerged plant (be submerged forest and under water turf), the denitrogenation that in water body, beneficial microbe purifies water, falls phosphorus efficiency and can improve 3-10 doubly.Promote the healthy Fast Growth of submerged plant (be submerged forest and under water turf).In help water body, beneficial microorganism purification of water quality engineering is powerful rapidly.
In step 5) in, in the ecosystem under water after repairing or rebuilding, under the various microbial actions that water eutrophication nitrogen element adheres in the pores such as submerged plant root, stem, leaf, arteries and veins, about 80-90% is converted into nitrogen (N by denitrification
2) enter air; The nitrogen element of 10-20% of only having an appointment is converted into the protein of pasture and water itself by photosynthesis.In the ecosystem under water after repairing or rebuilding, under the various microorganism adsorption mineralizations that water eutrophication P elements adheres in the pores such as submerged plant root, stem, leaf, arteries and veins, about 70-75% is mineralized into the calcium phosphate (falling in high oxidation state mud) of inert condition; The P elements of 20-30% of only having an appointment is converted into the organic active substance of pasture and water itself by photosynthesis.
Daphnia magna technology, in conjunction with specific acclimated microorganism, can make water quality transparency keep more than 3-4 month, until after " submerged forest " recover, and various aquatic animals and plants adjustments, water quality transparency just can several years, continue to decades.
The present invention is a kind of method for repairing water ecology, further comprising the steps of: 6) put at least one of the senior aquatic animals such as spiral shell, shellfish, fish, shrimps.Daphnia magna and submerged vegetation can be eaten up by senior aquatic animals such as spiral shell, shellfish, fish, shrimps.
The employing radix auricularia of described spiral shell, formal name used at school Radix auricularia.In this method, effectively scrape food submerged plant leaf surfaces and hold up the dust that adheres to and the organic debris of accumulation, maintain submerged plant (submerged forest and under water turf) and obtain more light and healthy growth.This method adopts " Daphnia magna-grass " symbiosis water purification system, and the redox potential of (mud) at the bottom of raising mud, promotes zoobenthos (comprising aquatic oligochaetes, snail, shellfish and aquatic insect larva etc.) ramp breeding; The fast transfer of (mud) matter and energy at the bottom of further help mud.This method adopts the restoration of the ecosystem of " Daphnia magna-grass " symbiosis water purification system guiding zoobenthos (comprising aquatic oligochaetes, snail, shellfish and aquatic insect larva etc.), be built into " Daphnia magna-grass-spiral shell-shellfish " symbiosis water purification system, effectively transform organic debris and the benthic algae of the aging generation of submerged plant (submerged forest and under water leather and fur), further promote the optimum transfer of the food chain of nutriment in water body.
The present invention is a kind of method for repairing water ecology, further comprising the steps of: the 7) aquatic products such as rational fishing fish, shrimp, spiral shell, shellfish, nitrogen in water body, phosphorus nutrition material are shifted to disembarkation from water body, form the waters food chain ecological balance, reach ecology of water self-cleaning effect.
The present invention is a kind of method for repairing water ecology, further comprising the steps of: 8) put into predacious fish, can prey on spiral shell, shellfish, fish, shrimp etc., form biological chain and maintain the ecological balance.
The present invention is a kind of method for repairing water ecology, further comprising the steps of: 9) when having under the situation of seriously polluted or chronic pollution, can put into Daphnia magna and regulate as emergent, guarantee water ecology balance.
Daphnia magna is first degree primary consumer, and the bottom in food chain does not exist any omnivorousness and carnivorous animal can using it as foundation bait, and therefore, Daphnia magna is easy to be eliminated, and does not have any bio-safety problem.Application Daphnia magna is administered waters blue-green alga pollution, mainly that the mode of transmitting by biological chain energy is enriched to the nutritive salt such as the nitrogen in water, phosphorus on high animal and plant body, by fishing for aquatic products, eutrophy is shifted to disembarkation again, reach the mesotrophic object of thorough proposition water and finally realize ecosystem benign cycle and self-cleaning, therefore do not have secondary pollution.
Finally set up the ecological maintenance maintain measures such as follow-up ecological balance adjustment, the emergent adjusting of Daphnia magna control algae, biotic population optimization, be the standard that water quality eutrophy declines, is stabilized to surface water III class left and right (the basic water source of Drinking Water requires), water quality transparency reaches more than 2 meters.
Water ecology repairing effect of the present invention can guarantee that The water is no clear that one can see down to the bottom, and the main eutrophy index of water quality can reach national surface water three class water standards (drinking water source basic standard).To the clearance proportion by subtraction of algae, total nitrogen, total phosphorus and COD, be 99-100%, 90-95%, 80-90%, 75-80%.Except accounting for the submerged vegetation of the leading self-purification function of water body recovered, can also recover aquatic ornamental plant water lily, lotus etc.Further recovered the original part of water body original inhabitants aquatic insect, worm, oligochaetes animal, the end dwell spiral shell, shellfish and part water body fish dwell at the end.Form the stable ecological balance comprehensively, and set up follow-up ecological balance maintaining system means and working specification.
Another embodiment repairing effect example of method for repairing water ecology
Shenzhen's lichee lake water environmental ecology recovery project demonstrative project: Shenzhen's lichee lake water area is 10.91 ten thousand square metres, maximum reservoir storage approximately 25 ten thousand steres, play the effect of certain flood of regulating and storing, while meeting torrential rain, the sewage that contains the noxious materials such as agricultural chemicals of the dirty pipe network of municipal administration rain, pours in lake for several times for 1 year ten repeatedly.One to summer, alga eruption, and Just because of this, two during the last ten years, becomes the great difficult problem that Shenzhen government administers lichee lake water environment.
From the analysis of < < water environment quality standard > > (GB3838-2002) standard limited value, wherein, CODMn numerical value is 16mg/L; Ammonia nitrogen numerical value is respectively 2.81mg/L and exceeds V class water quality standard limit value, is evaluated as bad V class water quality, approximately 0.35 meter of the transparency of lichee lake water.On March 10th, 2014, Shenzhen lichee lake water environmental ecology recovery project demonstrative project goes into operation.March 27, demonstrative project is carried out the active processing of silt from the bottom of lake.April 19, demonstrative project completes sludge handling and TYY-8 submerged plant planting, and the sewage that the noxious materials such as agricultural chemicals are contained in playback big lake enters in project lake.In evening April 24, demonstrative project is thrown in TYY-1 Daphnia magna.Short 3 day time, suspension and noxious material in TYY-1 Daphnia magna food algae control algae and the water of eating, demonstrative project water clarity reaches 0.7 meter, then throws in microorganism, submerged plant starts growth, after 7 days, demonstrative project water clarity reaches 1.2 meters, afterwards because of heavy rain reason, having experienced repeatedly the sewage that contains the noxious materials such as agricultural chemicals of the dirty pipe network of municipal rain washes away, washed away, system just plays a role at every turn, and after 3 days, water transparency automatically restores to 1.2 meters.Under the effect of Daphnia magna and microorganism, submerged plant growth is good, plants planting submerged plant after 45 days, then throws in appropriate stone spiral shell, and the ecosystem of demonstrative project has entered the benign cycle stage, and water clarity reaches more than 2 meters.
High concentration value described in the present invention or Cmax value are only relative concepts, and this concentration value will be higher than the concentration of noxious material in normality water body.Also can be described as a desired height reaching of domestication of the present invention.According to different domestication objects, constantly tame Daphnia magna and make it improve the tolerance degree to noxious material.This high concentration value or Cmax value can be LC
50.But along with the increase of Daphnia magna to noxious material drug resistance, its high concentration value or Cmax value also can change thereupon, therefore can say that Daphnia magna domestication scheme is constant, but high concentration value or the Cmax value that will reach are dynamic.
Content described in this specification embodiment is only enumerating the way of realization of inventive concept; protection scope of the present invention should not be regarded as only limiting to the concrete form that embodiment states, protection scope of the present invention also relates to those skilled in the art and according to the present invention, conceives the equivalent technologies means that can expect.If adopt domesticating method of the present invention or method for repairing water ecology, just change domestication targeted species, other kind of water Magna (Cladocera) for example, is also within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (24)
1. a method of taming Daphnia magna, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
1). Daphnia magna is invested in culture pond, in culture pond, adds noxious material, in described culture pond, the content of noxious material is about 30% of its Cmax value, cultivates 12 hours; Daphnia magna is taken out, be placed in the culture pond that does not add described noxious material, cultivate 1 day;
2). by step 1) Daphnia magna that cultivate to obtain throws in to being added with in the culture pond of described noxious material, in described culture pond, noxious material content is about 40% of its Cmax value, cultivates 12 hours; Daphnia magna is taken out, be placed in the culture pond that does not add described noxious material, cultivate 2 days;
3). by that analogy, the Daphnia magna that previous step cultivate is obtained, is invested in the culture pond that is added with described noxious material, and in described culture pond, the content of noxious material is to increase by 10% on the basis of previous step concentration value, cultivates 12 hours; Then, Daphnia magna is taken out, be placed in the culture pond that does not add described noxious material, on the basis that the number of days of cultivation is previous step, increase by 1 day;
4). the concentration in the culture pond that is added with described noxious material reach Cmax value 100% after, by cultivate the Daphnia magna obtain be added with described noxious material concentration be Cmax value culture pond in cultivate 12 hours, then be placed in the culture pond that does not add described noxious material and cultivate 7 days, so repeatedly cultivate 3 times;
Wherein, described noxious material is selected from: hexachlorobutadiene, acrylamide, butyl xanthic acid, dichlorodiphenyl trichloroethane, lindane, Heptachlor epoxide, parathion, parathion-methyl, malathion, Rogor, dichlorvos, chlorophos, demeton, tpn, carbaryl, decis, atrazine, benzo a pyrene, benzidine or pentachlorophenol;
The Cmax value that described noxious material is corresponding is as follows, and its unit is μ g/L:
Hexachlorobutadiene 0.033, acrylamide 0.275, butyl xanthic acid 0.275, dichlorodiphenyl trichloroethane 0.055, lindane 0.11, Heptachlor epoxide 0.011, parathion 0.165, parathion-methyl 0.11, malathion 2.75, Rogor 2.75, dichlorvos 2.75, chlorophos 2.75, demeton 1.65, tpn 0.55, carbaryl 2.75, decis 0.385, atrazine 0.165, benzo a pyrene 1.54, benzidine 0.011 and pentachlorophenol 0.495.
2. a method for repairing water ecology, is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
1). with two or more noxious material, respectively according to the method for claim 1 domestication Daphnia magna, the Daphnia magna obtaining after different noxious materials domestications is mixed, and Mixed culture 7 weeks; Described noxious material is selected from hexachlorobutadiene, acrylamide, butyl xanthic acid, dichlorodiphenyl trichloroethane, lindane, Heptachlor epoxide, parathion, parathion-methyl, malathion, Rogor, dichlorvos, chlorophos, demeton, tpn, carbaryl, decis, atrazine, benzo a pyrene, benzidine, pentachlorophenol;
2). by step 1) Daphnia magna that obtains renders in seriously polluted, to be rich in agricultural chemicals and algae water body with purifying water body.
3. method for repairing water ecology according to claim 2, is characterized in that, by step 1) before the Daphnia magna that obtains renders to water body, also comprise the steps:
By step 1) Daphnia magna that cultivate to obtain tames once according to step described in claim 1 again with microcapsule algae toxin again, and wherein this microcapsule algae toxin Cmax value is 0.055 μ g/L.
4. method for repairing water ecology according to claim 3, is characterized in that, also comprises the steps:
3) at bottom kind planting submerged plant.
5. method for repairing water ecology according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, described submerged plant comprises submerged forest species, and wherein submerged forest species comprise at least one in following species: water caltrop, eel grass, thorn eel grass, dragon's tongue, p.malaianus, comb tooth pondweed, micro-tooth pondweed, plum blossom algae, watermifoil.
6. method for repairing water ecology according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, described submerged plant comprises turf species under water, and wherein turf species comprise at least one in following species under water: waterweed, hydrilla verticillata, stonewort, little najas marina, najas marina, hornwort.
7. method for repairing water ecology according to claim 4, is characterized in that, its coverage rate of described submerged plant is 20%～60%.
8. method for repairing water ecology according to claim 2, is characterized in that, also comprises the steps:
4). in water body, put into beneficial microbe, wherein this beneficial microbe can with Daphnia magna symbiosis.
9. method for repairing water ecology according to claim 2, is characterized in that, also comprises the steps:
5). in water body, put into senior aquatic animal, comprise at least one in spiral shell, shellfish, fish, shrimps.
10. method for repairing water ecology according to claim 2, is characterized in that step 2) the input density of medium-and-large-sized Magna is 2-100/premium on currency.
11. 1 kinds of methods of taming Daphnia magna still can be survived it in the water environment of high concentration noxious material, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
1). Daphnia magna is rendered in the culture pond with noxious material and cultivated a period of time, then its taking-up is rendered in the culture pond without described noxious material and rested and reorganized a period of time;
2). at least repeat once described step 1), in each culture pond, the content of noxious material progressively increases on the basis of a front concentration value.
The method of 12. domestication Daphnia magna according to claim 11, is characterized in that, further comprising the steps of:
3). in culture pond, the concentration of noxious material reaches after described high concentration value, repeatedly cultivates and rest and reorganize for several times under this high concentration value.
The method of 13. domestication Daphnia magna according to claim 12, is characterized in that, described step 1) in the noxious material concentration 10-30% that is described high concentration value.
The method of 14. domestication Daphnia magna according to claim 12, is characterized in that, described step 2) in the concentration value of each noxious material the increasing 5-10% that is described high concentration value.
The method of 15. domestication Daphnia magna according to claim 12, is characterized in that, described step 1) incubation time be 12-48h, the rest and reorganization time is 1-7 days.
16. 1 kinds of method for repairing water ecology, for repairing the water body that contains single noxious material, is characterized in that, comprise the steps:
By the method domestication Daphnia magna described in claim 11 to 15 any one, the Daphnia magna after domestication is rendered in the water body that is rich in noxious material and algae, make its algae that ingests, absorb and degraded noxious material, thus purifying water body.
17. 1 kinds of method for repairing water ecology, for repairing the water body that contains multiple noxious material, is characterized in that, comprise the steps:
1). according to the method domestication Daphnia magna described in claim 11 to 15 any one, the Daphnia magna Mixed culture by obtaining after different noxious material domestications, intersects it and breeds;
2). by step 1) intersect offspring's Daphnia magna that breeding obtains and render in the water body that is rich in noxious material and algae, make its algae that ingests, absorb and degraded noxious material, thus purifying water body.
18. method for repairing water ecology according to claim 17, is characterized in that, by step 1) and step 2) between also comprise the steps:
By step 1) intersect offspring's Daphnia magna that breeding obtains and with microcapsule algae toxin, according to step described in claim 11 or 12, again tame again.
19. according to the method for repairing water ecology described in claim 16 or 18, it is characterized in that, also comprises the steps:
In water body, put into beneficial microbe, wherein this beneficial microbe can with Daphnia magna symbiosis.
20. according to the method for repairing water ecology described in claim 16 or 17, it is characterized in that, also comprises the steps:
At bottom kind planting submerged plant.
21. method for repairing water ecology according to claim 19, it is characterized in that, described submerged plant comprises at least one in following species: water caltrop, eel grass, thorn eel grass, dragon's tongue, p.malaianus, comb tooth pondweed, micro-tooth pondweed, plum blossom algae, watermifoil, waterweed, hydrilla verticillata, stonewort, little najas marina, najas marina, hornwort.
22. method for repairing water ecology according to claim 19, is characterized in that, its coverage rate of described submerged plant is 20%～60%.
23. method for repairing water ecology according to claim 19, is characterized in that, also comprise the steps:
In water body, put into senior aquatic animal.
24. method for repairing water ecology according to claim 17, is characterized in that step 2) in the input density of offspring's Daphnia magna be 2-100/premium on currency.
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| CN104891667A (en) * | 2015-06-23 | 2015-09-09 | 广州太和水生态科技有限公司 | Automatic waterbody restoration system and method |
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| CN107667929A (en) * | 2017-09-29 | 2018-02-09 | 四川中科水务科技有限公司 | A kind of breeding method of algae removal worm |
| CN108439601A (en) * | 2018-03-13 | 2018-08-24 | 佛山市金净创环保技术有限公司 | The method for carrying out aquatic farm water body purification using Daphnia magna |
| CN108377957A (en) * | 2018-03-13 | 2018-08-10 | 佛山市金净创环保技术有限公司 | A kind of device and method that aquaculture factory pesticide is purified using Daphnia magna |
| CN108862592A (en) * | 2018-05-31 | 2018-11-23 | 安徽美自然环境科技有限公司 | A kind of purification system for scenic spot pond eutrophication water |
| CN113311144A (en) * | 2021-05-20 | 2021-08-27 | 江南大学 | Method for evaluating toxicity of micro-plastic based on behavioral indexes of daphnia magna |
| CN114477462A (en) * | 2022-01-24 | 2022-05-13 | 广东古匠环保科技有限公司 | Clean algae biological population domestication method for reducing algae density in water body and application thereof |
| CN114477462B (en) * | 2022-01-24 | 2023-11-17 | 广东古匠环保科技有限公司 | Clean algae biological population domestication method for reducing algae density in water body and application thereof |
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