CN104105897B - 隔离断开器 - Google Patents

隔离断开器 Download PDF

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CN104105897B
CN104105897B CN201380004468.1A CN201380004468A CN104105897B CN 104105897 B CN104105897 B CN 104105897B CN 201380004468 A CN201380004468 A CN 201380004468A CN 104105897 B CN104105897 B CN 104105897B
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belt wheel
torsionspring
clutch carrier
axle
diameter surface
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CN104105897A (zh
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陈晓华
J·T·哈维
R·帕普林
刘克铭
A·塞基
I·阿里
D·施奈德
P·沃德
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Gates Corp
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D3/00—Yielding couplings, i.e. with means permitting movement between the connected parts during the drive
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D13/00—Friction clutches
    • F16D13/76—Friction clutches specially adapted to incorporate with other transmission parts, i.e. at least one of the clutch parts also having another function, e.g. being the disc of a pulley
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D3/00—Yielding couplings, i.e. with means permitting movement between the connected parts during the drive
    • F16D3/02—Yielding couplings, i.e. with means permitting movement between the connected parts during the drive adapted to specific functions
    • F16D3/12—Yielding couplings, i.e. with means permitting movement between the connected parts during the drive adapted to specific functions specially adapted for accumulation of energy to absorb shocks or vibration
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D3/00—Yielding couplings, i.e. with means permitting movement between the connected parts during the drive
    • F16D3/50—Yielding couplings, i.e. with means permitting movement between the connected parts during the drive with the coupling parts connected by one or more intermediate members
    • F16D3/72—Yielding couplings, i.e. with means permitting movement between the connected parts during the drive with the coupling parts connected by one or more intermediate members with axially-spaced attachments to the coupling parts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D41/00—Freewheels or freewheel clutches
    • F16D41/20—Freewheels or freewheel clutches with expandable or contractable clamping ring or band
    • F16D41/206—Freewheels or freewheel clutches with expandable or contractable clamping ring or band having axially adjacent coils, e.g. helical wrap-springs
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D41/00—Freewheels or freewheel clutches
    • F16D41/06—Freewheels or freewheel clutches with intermediate wedging coupling members between an inner and an outer surface
    • F16D41/064—Freewheels or freewheel clutches with intermediate wedging coupling members between an inner and an outer surface the intermediate members wedging by rolling and having a circular cross-section, e.g. balls
    • F16D41/066—Freewheels or freewheel clutches with intermediate wedging coupling members between an inner and an outer surface the intermediate members wedging by rolling and having a circular cross-section, e.g. balls all members having the same size and only one of the two surfaces being cylindrical
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H13/00—Gearing for conveying rotary motion with constant gear ratio by friction between rotary members
    • F16H13/06—Gearing for conveying rotary motion with constant gear ratio by friction between rotary members with members having orbital motion
    • F16H13/08—Gearing for conveying rotary motion with constant gear ratio by friction between rotary members with members having orbital motion with balls or with rollers acting in a similar manner
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H55/00—Elements with teeth or friction surfaces for conveying motion; Worms, pulleys or sheaves for gearing mechanisms
    • F16H55/32—Friction members
    • F16H55/36—Pulleys

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Pulleys (AREA)
  • Mechanical Operated Clutches (AREA)
  • Devices For Conveying Motion By Means Of Endless Flexible Members (AREA)

Abstract

一种隔离断开器，包括：轴(10)；带轮(30)，该带轮轴颈连接在轴(10)上；离合器载体(50)，该离合器载体通过单向离合器(60)而轴颈连接在轴(10)上；扭转弹簧(40)，该扭转弹簧接合在带轮和离合器载体之间；该扭转弹簧可沿展开方向负载，该扭转弹簧和带轮有在扭转弹簧外径表面和带轮内径表面之间的预定间隙，因此，扭转弹簧外径表面和带轮内径表面通过扭转弹簧的、取决于力矩负载的径向膨胀而逐渐摩擦接合。

Description

隔离断开器
技术领域
本发明涉及一种隔离断开器，该隔离断开器有扭转弹簧和带轮，该扭转弹簧和带轮有在扭转弹簧外径表面和带轮内径表面之间的预定间隙，因此，扭转弹簧外径表面和带轮内径表面通过扭转弹簧的、取决于力矩负载的径向膨胀而逐渐摩擦接合。
背景技术
由于燃料经济性更佳的优点，用于乘用车应用的柴油发动机有所增加。而且，汽油发动机在增加压缩率以提高燃料效率。因此，由于发动机中的上述变化，柴油和汽油发动机的附件驱动系统必须克服来自曲轴的更大幅度的振动。
由于增加的曲轴振动以及较高的加速/减速率和较高的交流发电机惯性，发动机附件驱动系统经常由于皮带滑移而出现皮带的尖锐噪音。这也将降低皮带的工作寿命。
曲轴隔离器/断开器和交流发电机断开器/隔离器已被广泛用于具有大角度振动的发动机，以便过滤掉在发动机运转速度范围内的振动，还控制皮带的尖锐噪音。
本领域的代表是美国专利7766774，该美国专利7766774公开了一种断开器组件，用于使得交流发电机能够在机动车辆的发动机中由蛇形皮带进行旋转地驱动，并用于允许皮带的速度相对于交流发电机振荡。轮毂由交流发电机的驱动轴固定地承载，用于与其一起旋转。带轮通过球轴承组件而可旋转地轴颈支承在轮毂上。露出的螺旋形离合器弹簧在轮毂和带轮之间操作地联接，用于在带轮通过蛇形皮带而相对于轮毂加速的过程中从带轮向轮毂传递旋转运动，并用于在带轮相对于轮毂减速时允许轮毂超过带轮。力矩限制器(优选是弹簧或套筒)包绕转矩，限制其向外膨胀，从而使得扭转弹簧与高于预定界限的力矩隔离。
需要一种隔离断开器，该隔离断开器有扭转弹簧和带轮，该扭转弹簧和带轮有在扭转弹簧外径表面和带轮内径表面之间的预定间隙，因此，扭转弹簧外径表面和带轮内径表面通过扭转弹簧的、取决于力矩负载的径向膨胀而逐渐摩擦接合。本发明满足这样的需求。
发明内容
本发明的主要方面是一种隔离断开器，隔离断开器有扭转弹簧和带轮，该扭转弹簧和带轮有在扭转弹簧外径表面和带轮内径表面之间的预定间隙，因此，扭转弹簧外径表面和带轮内径表面通过扭转弹簧的、取决于力矩负载的径向膨胀而逐渐摩擦接合。
本发明的其它方面将由下面的本发明说明书和附图来指出或变得显而易见。
本发明包括一种隔离断开器，它包括：轴，带轮，该带轮与所述轴进行轴颈连接；离合器载体，该离合器载体通过单向离合器而与所述轴进行轴颈连接；扭转弹簧，该扭转弹簧接合在带轮和离合器载体之间，该扭转弹簧可沿展开方向负载，该扭转弹簧和带轮有在扭转弹簧外径表面和带轮内径表面之间的预定间隙，因此，扭转弹簧外径表面和带轮内径表面通过扭转弹簧的、取决于力矩负载的径向膨胀而逐渐摩擦接合。
附图说明
包含在说明书中并形成说明书的一部分的附图表示了本发明的优选实施例，并与说明书一起用于解释本发明的原理。
图1是本发明装置的剖视图。
图2是分解图。
图3是本发明装置的侧视图。
图4是离合器载体的详细视图。
图5是推力衬套的详细视图。
图6是推力衬套和离合器载体止动器的透视图。
具体实施方式
图1是本发明装置的剖视图。隔离断开器包括轴10。带轮30通过布置在带轮30和轴10之间的滚针轴承20而轴颈连接在轴10上。扭转弹簧40接合在带轮30和离合器载体50之间。离合器载体50通过单向离合器60而轴颈连接在轴10上。例如，弹簧40的弹簧系数为大约0.27Nm/deg，但用户也可选择其它弹簧系数以适合装置的操作需要。
带轮30还通过布置在带轮30和轴10之间的轴承70而轴颈连接在轴10上。
推力衬套80布置在离合器载体50和轴承70之间。灰尘盖90防止碎屑进入装置。盖33压配合安装在带轮30上。弹簧40的一端与盖33的接收部分34接合。
在用于发动机加速或稳速的操作中，弹簧40沿展开方向来负载，并锁定单向离合器60。动力从皮带(未示出)传递给带轮30，并通过弹簧40、离合器载体50和单向离合器60而传递给轴10。当沿驱动方向负载时，弹簧40试图展开，因此弹簧外径(OD)表面42通过各弹簧涡卷的半径(R)的增加而径向向外膨胀。弹簧40展开的最大程度被限制为各弹簧40涡卷的、与带轮30的内径(ID)表面32逐渐接触的外径表面42。展开的程度取决于施加的力矩负载，因此，当力矩负载增加时，弹簧表面42与表面32接触的量逐渐增加，且当力矩负载减小时，弹簧表面42与表面32接触的量逐渐减小。
在弹簧外径和带轮内径之间的间隙(C)确定和限制了弹簧40的展开径向膨胀，这又保护弹簧40而防止其过载。在完全锁定时，也就是当弹簧表面42充分膨胀而与表面32接触时，弹簧40完全限定于带轮表面32内，因此即使施加的力矩负载继续增加也能防止受损。
在发动机减速情况下，驱动皮带(未示出)将变慢，因此带轮30也变慢，但是由于它的惯性，在大部分情况下，与轴10连接的交流发电机(未示出)的RPM降低并不像带轮30一样快。实际上，交流发电机将试图驱动发动机(未示出)，且动力流将反向。这将使得系统超速，并由于皮带在带轮上滑移而引起皮带的尖锐噪声。当使用本发明装置时，在减速度中的差异将使单向离合器使得过度旋转的轴10与带轮30脱开。交流发电机和轴10将继续以它自身的速率减速，直到它与带轮30的速度近似匹配，这时单向离合器将重新接合。这样脱开将在正常使用过程中在发动机加速和减速时防止振动施加在皮带系统上。
图2是分解图。推力衬套80压配合装配至带轮30的内径中。轴承70与轴10的轴环11接合。灰尘盖90卡扣在带轮30上。单向离合器60轴向滑动地装配在轴10上，并将在力矩反向时锁定。离合器载体50压配合装配在单向离合器60上。扭转弹簧40涡卷具有矩形截面。矩形截面增加了可用于与带轮的内径接触的表面面积。轴承20滑动地装配在轴上。
推力衬套80与轴承70接合，以便防止带轮30和离合器载体50轴向运动。
图3是本发明装置的侧视图。带轮接合表面31是多肋表面，但是也能够包括任意表面形式，包括有齿的、平滑的或单个V形槽。
图4是离合器载体的详细视图。当装置沿驱动方向操作时，弹簧接收部分52接收扭转弹簧41的端部。
图5是推力衬套的详细视图。推力衬套80包括钢环，该钢环压配合装配至带轮内径中。推力衬套80包括覆盖模制在钢环82上的塑料材料81。
推力衬套滑动表面81包括止动器83，该止动器83与离合器载体50上的止动器51接合。当在操作过程中释放负载的弹簧时，推力衬套将通过在止动器83和止动器51之间的接触而限制弹簧和离合器载体的反向行程，从而防止弹簧端部41滑出离合器载体50中的弹簧连接狭槽52。而且，止动器的接合限制了离合器载体的相对旋转，因此限制了扭转弹簧相对于带轮的相对旋转。
该装置的制造如下。带轮ID具有+/-0.015mm的公差。弹簧OD研磨成具有+/-0.03mm的公差。在装配过程中，油脂施加在弹簧OD42和带轮ID32之间，以便使得止动器51和83之间的接合变柔和。例如，假定弹簧OD＝42mm，在起动过程中，弹簧OD将膨胀大约0.024mm每度。
在装配过程中，推力衬套81安装成使得止动器83与离合器载体止动器51接合。止动器83、51的功能是在弹簧能量释放或负载反向的过程中防止弹簧端部41从部分52中滑出。止动器将并不给予弹簧40任何预负载，且在装置的无负载条件中并不接触。不过，由于装配处理的变化，装配的装置可以有在止动器83、51或弹簧端部接收部分之间的、可忽略的预负载或非常小的间隙，它们能够在装配处理过程中进行调节。
在起动过程中，离合器载体50和离合器载体止动器51将从它与推力衬套止动器83的无负载接合位置偏转大约60度。图6是推力衬套和离合器载体止动器的透视图。
尽管这里已经介绍了本发明的一种形式，但是本领域技术人员显然知道，在不脱离这里所述的本发明精神和范围的情况下可以对部件的结构和关系进行变化。

Claims (3)

1.一种隔离断开器，包括：
轴；
带轮，该带轮与所述轴进行轴颈连接；
离合器载体，该离合器载体通过单向离合器而与所述轴进行轴颈连接，所述单向离合器与所述轴接合；
扭转弹簧，该扭转弹簧接合在带轮和离合器载体之间；
推力衬套，该推力衬套固定在所述带轮上并布置在离合器载体和所述轴之间，该推力衬套有推力衬套止动器，该离合器载体有离合器载体止动器，推力衬套止动器和离合器载体止动器能够在无负载条件中接合，从而使所述扭转弹簧不与所述离合器载体脱开；
该扭转弹簧可沿展开方向负载，
该扭转弹簧和带轮有在扭转弹簧外径表面和带轮内径表面之间的预定间隙，以及
因此，扭转弹簧外径表面和带轮内径表面通过扭转弹簧的、取决于力矩负载的径向膨胀而逐渐摩擦接合；
所述单向离合器沿轴向滑动地装配在所述轴上，并将在力矩反向时锁定。
2.根据权利要求1所述的隔离断开器，其中：带轮通过滚针轴承而与所述轴进行轴颈连接。
3.一种隔离断开器，包括：
轴；
带轮，该带轮与所述轴进行轴颈连接；
离合器载体，该离合器载体通过单向离合器而与所述轴进行轴颈连接；
扭转弹簧，该扭转弹簧与所述带轮和离合器载体接合；推力衬套，该推力衬套与所述带轮连接并布置在离合器载体和所述轴之间，推力衬套包括止动器；
离合器载体包括止动器，该止动器可与推力衬套止动器配合地接合，以便限制离合器载体相对于带轮的相对旋转，从而使得在负载释放条件下所述扭转弹簧不与所述离合器载体脱开；
该扭转弹簧可沿展开方向负载，
该扭转弹簧和带轮有在扭转弹簧外径表面和带轮内径表面之间的预定间隙，
因此，扭转弹簧外径表面和带轮内径表面通过扭转弹簧的、取决于力矩负载的径向膨胀而逐渐摩擦接合；
所述单向离合器沿轴向滑动地装配在所述轴上，并将在力矩反向时锁定。
CN201380004468.1A 2012-06-04 2013-04-22 隔离断开器 Active CN104105897B (zh)

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US8888622B2 (en) 2014-11-18
KR20150016380A (ko) 2015-02-11
BR112014030405B1 (pt) 2022-06-14
WO2013184241A8 (en) 2014-12-04
CN104105897A (zh) 2014-10-15
BR112014030405A2 (pt) 2017-06-27
KR101667868B1 (ko) 2016-10-19
CA2873364C (en) 2017-06-13
CA2873364A1 (en) 2013-12-12
EP2855957B1 (en) 2018-06-06
MX2014014414A (es) 2015-05-11
EP2855957A1 (en) 2015-04-08
US20130324335A1 (en) 2013-12-05
RU2581988C1 (ru) 2016-04-20
JP5945630B2 (ja) 2016-07-05
WO2013184241A1 (en) 2013-12-12
AU2013272245B2 (en) 2015-10-22
AU2013272245A1 (en) 2014-12-11
IN2014DN09681A (zh) 2015-07-31
MX356003B (es) 2018-03-28
JP2015518946A (ja) 2015-07-06

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