CN104044317B - 缓冲材料 - Google Patents

缓冲材料 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN104044317B
CN104044317B CN201410155674.9A CN201410155674A CN104044317B CN 104044317 B CN104044317 B CN 104044317B CN 201410155674 A CN201410155674 A CN 201410155674A CN 104044317 B CN104044317 B CN 104044317B
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
padded coaming
fabric
mesh
resin
pile
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
CN201410155674.9A
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
CN104044317A (zh
Inventor
J·库特
J·特拉姆尼兹
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Para Bi Mu Private LP
Original Assignee
Para Bi Mu Private LP
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Para Bi Mu Private LP filed Critical Para Bi Mu Private LP
Publication of CN104044317A publication Critical patent/CN104044317A/zh
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN104044317B publication Critical patent/CN104044317B/zh
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/05—Interconnection of layers the layers not being connected over the whole surface, e.g. discontinuous connection or patterned connection
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47C—CHAIRS; SOFAS; BEDS
    • A47C7/00—Parts, details, or accessories of chairs or stools
    • A47C7/62—Accessories for chairs
    • A47C7/72—Adaptations for incorporating lamps, radio sets, bars, telephones, ventilation, heating or cooling arrangements or the like
    • A47C7/74—Adaptations for incorporating lamps, radio sets, bars, telephones, ventilation, heating or cooling arrangements or the like for ventilation, heating or cooling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/024—Woven fabric
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/026—Knitted fabric
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
    • B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/245—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it being a foam layer
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D03—WEAVING
    • D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
    • D03D11/00—Double or multi-ply fabrics not otherwise provided for
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D03—WEAVING
    • D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
    • D03D7/00—Woven fabrics designed to be resilient, i.e. to recover from compressive stress
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
    • D06M15/37—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D06M15/564—Polyureas, polyurethanes or other polymers having ureide or urethane links; Precondensation products forming them
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
    • D06N3/0002—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the substrate
    • D06N3/004—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the substrate using flocked webs or pile fabrics upon which a resin is applied; Teasing, raising web before resin application
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2260/00—Layered product comprising an impregnated, embedded, or bonded layer wherein the layer comprises an impregnation, embedding, or binder material
    • B32B2260/02—Composition of the impregnated, bonded or embedded layer
    • B32B2260/021—Fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B2260/023—Two or more layers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2260/00—Layered product comprising an impregnated, embedded, or bonded layer wherein the layer comprises an impregnation, embedding, or binder material
    • B32B2260/04—Impregnation, embedding, or binder material
    • B32B2260/046—Synthetic resin
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
    • B32B2262/0261—Polyamide fibres
    • B32B2262/0269—Aromatic polyamide fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/10—Inorganic fibres
    • B32B2262/101—Glass fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/10—Inorganic fibres
    • B32B2262/105—Ceramic fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/10—Inorganic fibres
    • B32B2262/106—Carbon fibres, e.g. graphite fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
    • B32B2307/51—Elastic
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
    • B32B2307/536—Hardness
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/70—Other properties
    • B32B2307/714—Inert, i.e. inert to chemical degradation, corrosion
    • B32B2307/7145—Rot proof, resistant to bacteria, mildew, mould, fungi
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2403/00—Details of fabric structure established in the fabric forming process
    • D10B2403/02—Cross-sectional features
    • D10B2403/021—Lofty fabric with equidistantly spaced front and back plies, e.g. spacer fabrics
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2505/00—Industrial
    • D10B2505/04—Filters
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2505/00—Industrial
    • D10B2505/12—Vehicles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/23907—Pile or nap type surface or component
    • Y10T428/23914—Interlaminar

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Mattresses And Other Support Structures For Chairs And Beds (AREA)
  • Woven Fabrics (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

用于物体或部件的弹性、隔热或填充覆盖的缓冲材料，由双绒头织物(1)制成的缓冲材料通过树脂浸渍被弹性地浸渍，其中上部织物(2)和下部织物(3)通过由绒头纱线(4)形成的网状物(14)以隔开的方式连接，其中由于连接网状物(14)，弹性浸渍的双绒头织物(1)表现出具有非线性弹簧特性(5)的形状弹性，具有下部特性区域(7)、中间特性区域(6)和上部特性区域(8)，下部和上部特性区域(7，8)分别具有上升轮廓，而中间特性区域(6)具有较小的上升滞后回路轮廓，为浸渍的双绒头织物(1)提供内部阻尼容量(W)，同时通过取决于所使用的绒头纱线(4)的体积重量和/或树脂浸渍的硬度来调整所述内部阻尼容量(W)。

Description

缓冲材料
技术领域
本发明涉及一种缓冲材料，其用于弹性、隔热或填充覆盖的物体或部件。
背景技术
FR 1 393 269公开了这样一种缓冲材料。取决于所使用的树脂类型，利用树脂浸渍机织间隔织物(woven spacer fabric)，可以生产软的或硬的材料。由于外部影响变量(例如温度、噪音、压力等)，所述缓冲材料仅提供弱化属性，这已经被认为是不利的。
DE 37 05 765 A1公开了一种用于机动车辆中座椅的座垫，所述座垫包括涂覆的双层机织织物，所述两层织物通过绒头纱线(pile threads)保持恒定的间隔，并且在边缘处以气密的方式彼此连接。为了使座椅和靠背表面适应气候以及避免热量聚集，在以可透气的方式穿过的双层机织织物的一侧设置弹性涂覆，将座垫的内部连接到可控制的空气源，以便在正压力下产生持久的气流。因此改善了座椅的通风，但是就座的舒适度较低，因为其类似于空气垫并且几乎不具有任何阻尼性能。
DE 199 54 978C1公开了一种用于车辆座椅的座椅部分，其中可透气座垫套横跨由泡沫制成的座垫载体。然后，通过泡沫确保乘坐舒适度。泡沫通常是聚氨酯泡沫。然而，当乘坐者稍微加热泡沫时，聚氨酯泡沫表现出改变的弹性特性。所述加热导致乘坐者进一步下沉。然而，更大的下沉与人体接触到的大面积塑料泡沫相关。所述更深的下沉导致出汗增多。
因此，DE 10 2004 037 625 A1公开了一种具有至少一个由机织间隔织物制成的层的床垫(mattress)，其中机织间隔织物包括两个外部机织织物层，所述两个外部机织织物层通过元件(例如长丝、纤维或纱线)彼此连接。所述机织间隔织物具有渐进的弹性，因为在织物层之间设置有进一步更薄的机织织物，所述进一步更薄的机织织物仅在机织间隔织物已经压缩到更薄机织织物的程度时承受负载。然而，由于较高的纤维含量，这样的机织织物是相当重的。
DE 195 45 596 C2公开了一种用于车辆、飞机等的内衬和/或座椅覆盖材料，其中无需现有技术中熟知的泡沫层，而替换为起绒绒头套(brushed pile cover)，其并入下部织物中。起绒绒头套是柔软并富有弹性的，并且具有较好的恢复力，因此其适于作为吸震层。然后，还在其上层压上部织物。然而，所述的覆盖材料阻尼或吸震效果较低，并且不能替换泡沫。
GB 1,028,141 A公开了一种由未切割的绒头织物制成的纺织隔热材料。而绒头织物人为地保持在其全间距，其中的绒头纱线用树脂硬化，以便绒头纱线保持绒头织物的外层隔开。
发明内容
因此本发明的目的是创造一种舒适性得以改善的缓冲材料。
通过以下特征来实现所述目的。
由双绒头织物制成的用于物体或部件的弹性的、隔热的或填充覆盖的缓冲材料通过树脂浸渍被弹性地浸渍，其中上部织物和下部织物通过网状物(webs)以隔开的方式连接，所述网状物由绒头纱线制成，其中由于连接网状物，所述弹性浸渍的双绒头织物表现出具有非线性弹簧特性(spring characteristic)的形状弹性，具有下部特性区域、中间特性区域以及上部特性区域，下部和上部特性区域分别具有上升轮廓，而所述中间特性区域具有较小的上升滞后回路轮廓，其为浸渍的双绒头织物提供内部阻尼容量，同时通过取决于所使用的绒头纱线的体积重量和/或树脂浸渍的硬度来调整所述内部阻尼容量。
因此，创造一种缓冲材料，在形成阻尼区域的情况下所述缓冲材料的弹簧特性是非线性的。在存在负载的情况下，由于双绒头织物的连接网状物，所述缓冲材料最初表现出随着压痕深度而增加的恢复力，所述恢复力给所述材料带来已知座垫、衬垫或内饰(cushions,pads or upholstery)的弹性。在所述区域内，由连接上部织物和下部织物的网状物所提供的弹性形变来确定所述缓冲材料的恢复力。
在增大负载时，所述缓冲材料的特性进入中间特性区域。优选地，因为所述网状物到达屈曲负载(buckling load)，那时恢复力不再依赖或仅略微依赖于压痕深度。所述缓冲材料的这些参数直接取决于所使用树脂的硬度以及所述缓冲材料的体积重量。因此，这两个参数使得所述缓冲材料的弹性能够适应于有关的应用。
中间弹簧特性表现出明显的滞后行为，其原因是树脂浸渍，通过所述树脂浸渍在所述网状物形变时所述网状物的内部摩擦力增强。所述滞后特性为所述中间区域内的缓冲材料带来阻尼容量。由于快速地接收短时负载或冲击并且所述缓冲材料吸收其中的能量，结合平坦的特性轮廓，因此在所述区域内所述缓冲材料具有特别好的阻尼效果。
在进一步增加负载之下，所述缓冲材料再次表现出具有较大斜率的特性。在所述网状物广泛挠曲之后，这时由树脂浸渍的双绒头织物本身的弹性体积压缩控制所述恢复力。因此，由所述上部特性确定的所述区域防止在高负载时过度陷入缓冲材料中。如果所述材料优选地用作车辆座椅的内饰，则所述上部特性区域会提供必要的支撑，即使在运动驾驶方式的情况下也如此，在增加负载结束后，确保返回到中间阻尼特性区域。
根据本发明的缓冲材料的另一个有利特征是在中间特性区域内所述材料属性的可变设定。特别地，通过所述体积重量和/或树脂浸渍的硬度，所述阻尼容量是可设定的。所述体积重量取决于所使用的绒头纱线。此外，在中间特性区域内所述恢复力的大小与所述树脂浸渍的硬度以及所述体积重量的大小相关。
通过改变材料属性的设定，所述缓冲材料可以以通用的方式使用，优选地选择体积重量和树脂硬度的参数，使得针对每个特定应用的期望负载之下，利用可选择的阻尼容量达到所述中间特性区域。因此，当用于床垫的时候，所述缓冲材料可以适用于人体的重量，而用于平稳运输货物的缓冲时应该具有高阻尼容量。
通过下面的描述可以总结出本发明的其它优点和构造。
附图说明
在下文中参考在附图中示出的示例性实施例更详细地解释本发明。
图1示意性示出了根据本发明的缓冲材料的透视图，
图2示意性示出了根据本发明的缓冲材料的非线性弹簧特性，具有以恢复力和阻尼容量的大小为特征的中间特性区域，
图3示意性示出了根据本发明的缓冲材料的非线性弹簧特性，在中间特性区域内具有增加的恢复力，
图4示意性示出了根据本发明的缓冲材料的非线性弹簧特性，在中间特性区域内具有增加的阻尼容量，
图5示意性示出了根据本发明的缓冲材料的非线性弹簧特性，在中间特性区域内具有增加的恢复力和增加的阻尼容量。
具体实施方式
图1示出的用于物体或部件的弹性的、隔热的或填充覆盖的缓冲材料由树脂浸渍的双绒头织物1制成。所述树脂浸渍使得所述双绒头织物1被弹性浸渍。所述双绒头织物1包括上部织物2和下部织物3，所述上部织物和下部织物通过绒头纱线4以隔开的方式连接。所述绒头纱线4形成网状物14，在所述的示例性实施例中，网状物14优选地包括螺旋扭曲的单独网状物4.1、4.2，所述网状物14将所述上部织物2和所述下部织物3以间距X彼此隔开。以这种方式，建立具有非线性弹簧特性5的形状弹性。利用所述特性，所述缓冲材料表现出弹性形变和弹性恢复。
根据图1设置的用于树脂浸渍的双绒头织物1是未切割的机织织物，所述机织织物具有上部织物2、下部织物3以及合并的绒头纱线4。所述连接绒头纱线4形成螺旋扭曲的单独网状物4.1、4.2，其扭曲成数字8的形状。因此，所述单独网状物4.1、4.2具有交叉区域。此外，由编织结构在技术上引起所述网状物14的两个相应端部12、13的轴向偏移15，所述两个相应端部将上部织物2和下部织物3彼此连接。所述轴向偏移15涉及垂直施加在上部织物2和/或下部织物3上的力。
优选地，所述绒头纱线4由长丝纱线(filament yarn)制成，特别是多丝或单丝纱线。在压缩负载作用下，网状物14具有基于固有刚度的弹簧弹性恢复力。结合形成为螺旋扭曲的单独网状物4.1、4.2的具有连接到上部织物2和下部织物3的轴向偏移的网状物14，压力负载引起上部织物2和下部织物3之间的切向剪力。结果是，借助具有弹簧特性5的网状物14，压缩负载的面弹簧负载作用在所述上部织物2和/或下部织物3。通过树脂浸渍以及通过所述双绒头织物1的体积重量，以这种方式形成的所述缓冲材料的弹簧特性5是可设定的。
由图2示意性示出的连接网状物14的非线性弹簧特性5以三个特性区域来区分。描述了恢复力F和压痕深度S之间的依赖关系。优选地，所述恢复力F由垂直施加到上部织物2和/或下部织物3的负载力引起。下部特性区域7和上部特性区域8由上升轮廓组成。这些特性区域的斜率可以对应于典型缓冲材料的弹簧属性。相比较而言，中间特性区域6上升的延伸距离较小并且表现出滞后回路轮廓，其为浸渍的双绒头织物1提供内部阻尼容量W。通过取决于所使用的绒头纱线4的(所述缓冲材料的)体积重量和/或树脂浸渍的硬度，所述阻尼容量W是可设定的。
在中间特性区域6内的恢复力9的大小与所述树脂浸渍的硬度和体积重量的大小相关，因此这些是设定参数。优选地，使用具有30-90肖氏A范围内硬度的树脂。优选地，用于上部织物2和下部织物3的纱线系统(thread systems)以及用于绒头纱线4的纱线系统的纱线尺寸在60-300tex的范围内。利用V织法或W织法，所述绒头纱线4可以并入上部织物2和下部织物3中。优选地，所述绒头纱线4的密度在50-200绒头纱线/cm2的范围内。优选地，所述绒头纱线4的长度在1.0-50mm的范围内。优选地，所述绒头纱线4包括长丝纱线。因此，所述绒头纱线4的长度引起间距X。尤其是，所述绒头纱线4的密度和长度结合纱线系统的纱线尺寸会影响所述缓冲材料的体积重量。
图3示出了示例性实施例的非线性特性5，其中通过选择较高的体积重量(例如所述双绒头织物1的一个或多个纱线系统的纱线尺寸为300tex，以及所述绒头纱线4的长度为大约15mm)，增加了具有相应阻尼容量W的中间特性区域6的恢复力9。
图4示出了一示例性实施例，其中通过选择例如具有80肖氏A的较硬树脂，增加了阻尼容量W。
图5中示出的示例性实施例示出了具有增加的恢复力9和增加的阻尼容量W的缓冲材料。这可以通过选择例如具有80肖氏A的较硬树脂，结合较高的体积重量(例如所述双绒头织物1的一个或多个纱线系统的纱线尺寸为300tex，以及所述绒头纱线4的长度为大约15mm)来实现。
由于使用了较硬树脂还增加了恢复力9和所述缓冲材料的整体硬度，较硬树脂的体积重量的变化(例如超过60肖氏A)只有较小的影响。
根据未示出的示例性实施例，所述缓冲材料可以连接到通风或加热系统。由于根据本发明，只有绒头纱线4布置在上部织物2和下部织物3之间，所以流体流可以通过的自由空间10在上部织物2和下部织物3之间得以形成。因此，根据本发明的缓冲材料提供了改善的与空气调节效果结合的乘坐舒适度，而不需要为此目的制造额外部件。为此，通过所述自由空间10的介质是可选择的并且可以是任何形式的流体。
如上述示例性实施例所示，树脂硬度和体积重量的设定参数还允许形成缓冲材料，这样即使对于不同的缓冲材料重量也可以实现相媲美的缓冲性能。所述设定参数可以部分地相互替换。
上部织物2和下部织物3可以是机织的、拉取线圈针织的(loop-drawinglyknitted)、成圈针织的(loop-formingly knitted)、或者为拉舍尔织物(raschel fabric)的形式。可以通过经编丝绒技术(warp velvet technique)来制造所述双绒头织物1。用于树脂浸渍的树脂例如是PU树脂。优选地，所述长丝纱线包括芳纶纤维、碳纤维、陶瓷纤维和/或玻璃纤维或这些纤维的混合物。
所述双绒头织物1还可以在所述绒头纱线4之间的自由空间10内填充具有特定软泡沫材料的泡沫，因此其(特别是中间特性区域6内的)阻尼容量W可以受到额外的影响。这样的泡沫还可以用于携带所述缓冲材料在其使用过程中可分配的物质。乘坐运动成为抽吸运动，其可以从这样的泡沫材料向外传递物质。在所述泡沫可以提供抗菌添加剂或其它消毒剂的情况下，这是特别有利的。

Claims (10)

1.用于物体或部件的弹性、隔热或填充覆盖的缓冲材料，由双绒头织物制成的缓冲材料利用树脂被弹性地浸渍，其中上部织物和下部织物通过网状物以隔开的方式连接，所述网状物由绒头纱线形成，其中，由于连接网状物，所述弹性浸渍的双绒头织物表现出具有非线性弹簧特性的形状弹性，具有下部特性区域、中间特性区域以及上部特性区域，下部特性区域和上部特性区域分别具有上升轮廓，而所述中间特性区域具有较小的上升滞后回路轮廓，为浸渍的双绒头织物提供内部阻尼容量，同时通过取决于所使用的绒头纱线的体积重量和/或树脂的硬度来调整所述内部阻尼容量，由绒头纱线形成的所述网状物包括螺旋扭曲的单独网状物，所述单独网状物是轴向可加载的弹簧元件。
2.根据权利要求1所述的缓冲材料，其中，在中间特性区域内的恢复力的大小与树脂的硬度和绒头纱线的体积重量的大小相关。
3.根据权利要求1所述的缓冲材料，其中，所述树脂的硬度设定在30-90肖氏A的范围内。
4.根据权利要求1所述的缓冲材料，其中，所述双绒头织物包括纱线尺寸在60-300tex范围内的纱线。
5.根据权利要求1所述的缓冲材料，其中，所述网状物的两个相应端部以轴向偏移连接到上部织物和下部织物。
6.根据权利要求1所述的缓冲材料，其中，由绒头纱线形成的所述网状物限定了5-20mm范围内的间距。
7.根据权利要求1所述的缓冲材料，其中，所述上部织物和下部织物是机织织物或针织织物。
8.根据权利要求1所述的缓冲材料，其中，所述双绒头织物可连接到通风或加热系统。
9.根据权利要求1所述的缓冲材料，其中，所述双绒头织物在所述绒头纱线之间的自由空间内填充泡沫。
10.根据权利要求9所述的缓冲材料，其中，所述泡沫是包括抗菌添加剂的柔软泡沫。
CN201410155674.9A 2013-03-11 2014-03-07 缓冲材料 Expired - Fee Related CN104044317B (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP13001216.4A EP2778267B1 (de) 2013-03-11 2013-03-11 Polstermaterial für eine federnde, isolierende oder wattierende Abdeckung von Gegenständen oder Bauteilen
EP13001216.4 2013-03-11

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN104044317A CN104044317A (zh) 2014-09-17
CN104044317B true CN104044317B (zh) 2018-10-30

Family

ID=47912837

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN201410155674.9A Expired - Fee Related CN104044317B (zh) 2013-03-11 2014-03-07 缓冲材料

Country Status (12)

Country Link
US (1) US20140255643A1 (zh)
EP (1) EP2778267B1 (zh)
JP (1) JP5752286B2 (zh)
CN (1) CN104044317B (zh)
CA (1) CA2844954A1 (zh)
DK (1) DK2778267T3 (zh)
ES (1) ES2758718T3 (zh)
HU (1) HUE046554T2 (zh)
PL (1) PL2778267T3 (zh)
PT (1) PT2778267T (zh)
RU (1) RU2664210C2 (zh)
WO (1) WO2014139656A1 (zh)

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102013102813B4 (de) * 2013-03-19 2015-01-15 Müller Textil GmbH Abstandsgewirke sowie Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Abstandsgewirkeabschnitts
JP6532673B2 (ja) * 2014-12-26 2019-06-19 共和レザー株式会社 表皮材及び表皮材の製造方法
DE102016103065B3 (de) * 2016-02-22 2017-04-27 Mario Browa Trockenlegungselement für Pflanzen und dessen Verwendung
CN105768269A (zh) * 2016-04-05 2016-07-20 思迈(青岛)防护科技有限公司 一种防割脖套
US11202514B1 (en) 2017-08-11 2021-12-21 Under Armour, Inc. Ventilated mattress core
US20200248345A1 (en) * 2019-02-06 2020-08-06 Sobel Westex Terry fabric having surfaces with varying pile weights
CN111350784B (zh) * 2020-02-17 2021-06-25 浙江理工大学 一种植入刚度驱动器的螺旋弹簧制备方法及其制得的弹簧

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4840828A (en) * 1987-07-17 1989-06-20 Vorwerk & Co. Interholding Gmbh Structural element formed of a resin-hardened velour fabric and fabrication method
DE19545596A1 (de) * 1994-12-06 1996-06-13 Ames Europ Bv Innenverkleidungs- und/oder Sitzbezugsstoff für Fahrzeuge, Flugzeuge und dergleichen
DE19954978C1 (de) * 1999-11-16 2001-01-11 Daimler Chrysler Ag Sitzteil für einen Fahrzeugsitz
DE102004037625A1 (de) * 2004-08-02 2006-03-16 Phi-Ton Holding Bv Matratze mit Distanzgewebe
US20100248573A1 (en) * 2007-06-11 2010-09-30 Pinhas Hascalovich Flexible 3-d textile structure and method of producing thereof

Family Cites Families (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1028141A (en) * 1961-07-28 1966-05-04 Lister & Co Ltd Textile insulating material
FR1393269A (fr) 1963-09-24 1965-03-26 Lister & Company Ltd Perfectionnements aux matières textiles
DE3705756A1 (de) * 1987-02-23 1988-10-13 Metzeler Gmbh Kissen, insbesondere fuer sitze in kraftfahrzeugen
DE3902940A1 (de) * 1989-02-01 1990-08-02 Parabeam Bv Doppelplueschgewebe
JPH05247783A (ja) * 1992-02-27 1993-09-24 Unitika Ltd 嵩高織編物
DE4228958A1 (de) * 1992-08-31 1994-03-03 Vorwerk Co Interholding Abstandsgewebe
DE59408647D1 (de) * 1993-02-22 1999-09-30 Keiper Recaro Gmbh Co Abstandstextilmaterial variabler Dicke, Herstellungsverfahren und Verwendungen dazu
JP2000217658A (ja) * 1999-01-29 2000-08-08 Deruta Tsuuringu:Kk クッション構造
US6673444B2 (en) * 2000-03-30 2004-01-06 Asahi Kasei Kabushiki Kaisha Monofilament yarn and process for producing the same
JP4584403B2 (ja) * 2000-04-13 2010-11-24 株式会社デルタツーリング マット
JP2002102008A (ja) * 2000-09-27 2002-04-09 Delta Tooling Co Ltd シート構造及びシートの製造方法
CN1234756C (zh) * 2000-10-18 2006-01-04 三井化学株式会社 热塑性聚氨酯弹性体组合物的泡沫体及其制备方法
US20020166927A1 (en) * 2001-05-10 2002-11-14 Kollar Kevin J. Wrist rest for keyboards
WO2004090204A2 (en) * 2003-04-09 2004-10-21 Nanocyl S.A. Continuous textile fibers and yarns made from a spinnable nanocomposite
EP1803757A4 (en) * 2004-10-21 2009-05-06 Asahi Glass Co Ltd POLYURETHANE RESIN AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING POLYURETHANE RESIN SOLUTION
DE102006056379A1 (de) * 2006-11-29 2008-06-05 Wacker Chemie Ag Siloxan-Harnstoff-Copolymere
US8063113B2 (en) * 2008-04-23 2011-11-22 Momentive Performance Materials Inc. Polyurethane foam-forming compositions containing polysilsesquioxane cell opening agents

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4840828A (en) * 1987-07-17 1989-06-20 Vorwerk & Co. Interholding Gmbh Structural element formed of a resin-hardened velour fabric and fabrication method
DE19545596A1 (de) * 1994-12-06 1996-06-13 Ames Europ Bv Innenverkleidungs- und/oder Sitzbezugsstoff für Fahrzeuge, Flugzeuge und dergleichen
DE19954978C1 (de) * 1999-11-16 2001-01-11 Daimler Chrysler Ag Sitzteil für einen Fahrzeugsitz
DE102004037625A1 (de) * 2004-08-02 2006-03-16 Phi-Ton Holding Bv Matratze mit Distanzgewebe
US20100248573A1 (en) * 2007-06-11 2010-09-30 Pinhas Hascalovich Flexible 3-d textile structure and method of producing thereof

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
PL2778267T3 (pl) 2020-02-28
DK2778267T3 (da) 2019-12-02
JP5752286B2 (ja) 2015-07-22
HUE046554T2 (hu) 2020-03-30
US20140255643A1 (en) 2014-09-11
RU2664210C2 (ru) 2018-08-15
PT2778267T (pt) 2019-11-04
WO2014139656A1 (de) 2014-09-18
EP2778267B1 (de) 2019-08-28
JP2014171881A (ja) 2014-09-22
RU2014108591A (ru) 2015-09-10
ES2758718T3 (es) 2020-05-06
EP2778267A1 (de) 2014-09-17
CA2844954A1 (en) 2014-09-11
CN104044317A (zh) 2014-09-17

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN104044317B (zh) 缓冲材料
EP1752573B1 (de) Polsterung für einen Fahrgastsitz
JP5985411B2 (ja) 車両用シートのクッションパッド
US10471870B2 (en) Multi-zone seat suspension
JP6180859B2 (ja) 一体発泡成形品の製造方法
CN104812273A (zh) 具有不同主要表面的弹性单元
CZ6686U1 (cs) Distanční textilie
JP2009543000A (ja) エネルギー吸収装置
JP2002336076A (ja) クッション構造
EP2408957B1 (en) Multiple layer fabric
US4803118A (en) Composite cushion
CN106998921A (zh) 座椅垫以及座椅垫的制造方法
KR100355319B1 (ko) 쿠션 구조
CN113195303A (zh) 具有动能管理织物的载荷承载表面
CN109998216A (zh) 带有具有不同减震特性的区域的针织物
CN109955797B (zh) 具有选择性可变表面摩擦特性的活性织物结构
US10682934B2 (en) Seat suspension with three-dimensional features for improved occupant comfort
CN102396922A (zh) 三明治结构垫子
US2789629A (en) Platform structure for upholstered article
KR20080003509U (ko) 적층형 망 구조물
US2942653A (en) Cushioning member
CN217495423U (zh) 用于汽车座椅的透通孔眼型经编间隔织物
JP4623490B2 (ja) シート構造
EP3549128B1 (en) Cushioning element with tuned absorber
CN201840118U (zh) 三明治结构垫子

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
C06 Publication
PB01 Publication
C10 Entry into substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
GR01 Patent grant
GR01 Patent grant
CF01 Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee

Granted publication date: 20181030

CF01 Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee