CN104012437B - China Bitterling Welfare artificial fecundation method - Google Patents
China Bitterling Welfare artificial fecundation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104012437B CN104012437B CN201410273679.1A CN201410273679A CN104012437B CN 104012437 B CN104012437 B CN 104012437B CN 201410273679 A CN201410273679 A CN 201410273679A CN 104012437 B CN104012437 B CN 104012437B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of Chinese Bitterling Welfare artificial fecundation method, using freshwater mussel as host, place it in plastic basket and hang on spawning pond surrounding, each spawning pond puts freshwater mussel 1200-1600; Male and female parent population presses 1.1:1 pairing, and each spawning pond puts parent population 1000-1200 couple; The freshwater mussel being stained with fertilized egg is hung on Lotic hatching in hatchery, and hatching water temperature is 26 ~ 30 DEG C.The present invention simulates the natural propagation process of Chinese Bitterling Welfare in natural water area environment, carries out pond artificial propagation; Build the natural propagation environment of Chinese Bitterling Welfare in pond, make the natural mating in pond of female male parent, improve parent survival rate; Select suitable host of laying eggs, and Reasonable adjustment host placement location and mode, effectively can improve reproductive efficiency, solve a difficult problem for Chinese Bitterling Welfare seed propagation in scale.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the artificial fecundation method of Chinese Bitterling Welfare, belong to fresh-water fishes propagation technique field.
Background technology
China Bitterling Welfare (Rhodeussinensis) is commonly called as Bitterling Welfare, belong to the one small-sized end the dwelling property fish of Cyprinidae (Cyprinidae) Bitterling Welfare subfamily (Acheilognathinae), the water systems such as southern the Changjiang river, the Zhujiang River, the Qiantang River, the Min River are distributed widely in China, move in the inner lead in lake, stream more, it is not only the natural bait of larger fish and birds, and has much ornamental value.Because Bitterling Welfare has very special reproductive habit: in mating season, ovum produces in the gill cavity of freshwater mussel by the ovipositor that raun extends, fertilized egg is hatched in the freshwater mussel gill cavity, when being developed to swim, swim out of freshwater mussel external, and the Bitterling Welfare of different cultivars can select the freshwater mussel of different cultivars to lay eggs, form complicated correlation.At present; domestic rarely have the report Chinese Bitterling Welfare being carried out to artificial propagation; when rarely seen sex dimorphism to Chinese Bitterling Welfare morphological feature breeding period and adult female fertility measure and lay eggs to freshwater mussel size select test and from culture of ornamental fish aspect to Chinese Bitterling Welfare aquarium pilot scale support grope, could not large-scale production be formed.The present invention breeds environment from parent population selection, parent fish rearing, freshwater mussel selecting three aspects to simulate Chinese Bitterling Welfare natural conditions; to the placement location of the host-freshwater mussel that lays eggs, kind and size; hatching water temperature is studied; for Chinese Bitterling Welfare artificial propagation provides data technique reference, simultaneously for the protection of China's indigenous strains provides technical support.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention: the invention provides a kind of Chinese Bitterling Welfare artificial fecundation method, effectively can improve reproductive efficiency and the incubation rate of Chinese Bitterling Welfare.
Technical scheme: Chinese Bitterling Welfare artificial fecundation method of the present invention, comprises the steps:
(1) using Tu Chi as spawning pond, using cement pit as hatchery;
(2) using the Chinese Bitterling Welfare in natural water area as parent population, carry out the sterilization of fish body with saline solution, cultivate;
(3) using freshwater mussel as host, place it in plastic basket and hang on spawning pond surrounding, each spawning pond puts freshwater mussel 1200-1600;
(4) male and female parent population presses 1.1:1 pairing, and each spawning pond puts parent population 1000-1200 couple;
(5) freshwater mussel being stained with fertilized egg is hung on Lotic hatching in hatchery, hatching water temperature is 26 ~ 30 DEG C.
As preferably, the spawning pond area 667 ~ 1330m of step (1)
2, the depth of water 1.2 ~ 1.5m, bottom sludge thickness is less than 10cm.
As preferably, the spawning pond 75 ~ 100kg/667m of step (1)
2the sterilization of quicklime slurrying full pool spilling head, water filling after 7 ~ 10d, plantation waterweed and hornwort, every 667m
2with 100-150kg bio-fertilizer rich water.
As preferably, the hatchery of step (1) is circular cement pit, and pond radius is 1.0 ~ 2.0m, the depth of water 0.8 ~ 1.2m.
As preferably, the hatchery potassium permanganate of step (1) is sterilized, and encloses at the bottom of pond and spreads a circle nanometer micropore pipeline oxygen increasing equipment.
As preferably, the parent population selected in step (2) more than 1 age, maturity of fish gonads is good, physique is healthy and strong, scale is complete, anosis without wound, without parasite, wherein raun body weight 1.2-2.0g, milter body weight 1.5-4.0g.
As preferably, step (2) saline solution dipping bath 5 ~ 10min that mass concentration is 3% ~ 5% carries out the sterilization of fish body.
As preferably, breeding density during step (2) parent fish rearing is 1200 ~ 1500 tails/667m
2.
As preferably, in step (3), 10cm at the bottom of plastic basket distance pond, places 2 freshwater mussels in each basket.Create relatively airtight quiet space, be supplied to Chinese Bitterling Welfare and lay eggs relatively without interruption.
As preferably, the freshwater mussel size that step (3) is selected is even, the wide 35 ~ 110cm of body.
As preferably, step (3) freshwater mussel is anodonta woodiana pacifica.
As preferably, step (5) Spawning water is the ecological purification water filtered through 120 order yarn thin,tough silk, keeps dissolved oxygen to be not less than 6mg/L, change water 1/2 every day, regularly use drug disinfection between the incubation period.At 15-20d, Chinese Bitterling Welfare development of fertilized ova becomes fry, swims out of freshwater mussel.
Waterweed originates in America, is the submerged plant of a kind of high-quality, fast-growing, high yield.It is nutritious, can purify water, prevent body eutrophication, contributes to building good water quality environment.Hornwort, angiosperm, the thin grass of another name, water shield, mollugo, Song Zao, Latin literary fame: the aquatic herbaceous plant for many years that CeratophyllumdemersumL. Ceratophyllaceae, goldfish Trentepohlia suspend in water, has root.Impeller is raw, and there is scattered thorn-like serration at edge; Stem is level and smooth and elongated, can reach 60 cm.Hornwort perennation is in small lakes hydrostatic place, and in pond, ditch etc., place is common, can do pig, fish and poultry feed.
The present invention builds the natural propagation environment of Chinese Bitterling Welfare in pond, make the natural mating in pond of female male parent, improve parent survival rate, by adopting suitable host of laying eggs, and Reasonable adjustment host placement location and mode, effectively raise reproductive efficiency, artificial propagation Be very effective.
Embodiment
embodiment 1
1, pond prepares
(1) spawning pond
Spawning pond is Tu Chi, pond area 667m
2, depth of water 1.3m, bottom sludge thickness is no more than 10cm, and with the sterilization of 100kg quicklime slurrying full pool spilling head, water filling after 10d, plantation waterweed, with 120kg bio-fertilizer rich water.
(2) hatchery
Hatchery is the circular cement pit of diameter 1.2m, in advance through potassium permanganate sterilization, encloses at the bottom of pond and spreads a circle nanometer micropore pipeline oxygen increasing equipment, depth of water 120cm.
2, parent population is selected to cultivate
Chinese Bitterling Welfare fish is caught in Xuancheng City of Anhui Province Lake Nanyi, therefrom select 1 age more than, raun body weight 1.2g ~ 2.0g, milter body weight 1.5g ~ 4.0g as parent population, maturity of fish gonads is good, physique is healthy and strong, scale is complete, anosis nothing is hindered, without parasite, and transport with the oxygenation of Nylon Bag band water, the sterilization of fish body is carried out with the saline solution dipping bath 8min of 3% before putting in a suitable place to breed, move into reinforced cultivating in parent fish rearing pond, breeding density is 1500 tails/667m
2.
3, host-freshwater mussel is selected
Select anodonta woodiana pacifica, hydriopsis cumingii two kinds of freshwater mussels as host of laying eggs, size is even, and body is wide at 35 ~ 110cm, and scrubs surface, stand-by after removing parasite sterilization.
4, artificial propagation
(1) lay eggs
Male and female parent population presses 1.1:1 pairing, and it is right to put parent population 1000 in each spawning pond, and in spawning pond, place freshwater mussel, freshwater mussel is placed by two kinds of modes: one is thrown in spawning pond at random simultaneously, each 400 of two kinds of freshwater mussels; One is placed in plastic basket, puts 2 in each plastic basket, and plastic basket hangs on spawning pond surrounding, 10cm place at the bottom of pond, each 400 of two kinds of freshwater mussels.
(2) hatch
Between the incubation period, a gradient is set every 4 DEG C, makes water temperature remain on 18 DEG C ~ 22 DEG C respectively, 22 DEG C ~ 26 DEG C, 26 DEG C ~ 30 DEG C.Spawning water is the ecological purification Chi Shui filtered through 120 order yarn thin,tough silk.The freshwater mussel being stained with fertilized egg is hung on Lotic hatching in hatchery.Keep dissolved oxygen to be not less than 6mg/L between the incubation period, change water 1/2 every day, regularly use drug disinfection.
As can be seen from Table 1, along with the rising of water temperature, the time shorten swum out of needed for fertilized egg, when water temperature 26 ~ 30 DEG C, it is the shortest that it swims out of required time, only needs 346h, and incubation rate is up to 88.9%.
Table 1 water temperature is on the impact of brooding time and incubation rate
| Hatching water temperature | Brooding time | Incubation rate |
| 18℃～22 ℃ | 720h～974h | 81.1% |
| 22 ℃～26 ℃ | 594h～672h | 84.4% |
| 26 ℃～30 ℃ | 346h～581h | 88.9% |
5, result
(1) the lay eggs situation of Chinese Bitterling Welfare in different freshwater mussel
The lay eggs situation of China Bitterling Welfare on anodonta woodiana pacifica and hydriopsis cumingii two kinds of freshwater mussels is in table 2, and as can be seen from the test results, in anodonta woodiana pacifica, be up to 84% by spawning rate, is 72% by spawning rate in hydriopsis cumingii.
The lay eggs situation of table 2 Chinese Bitterling Welfare in different freshwater mussel
| Freshwater mussel kind | By spawning rate (%) |
| Anodonta woodiana pacifica | 84 |
| Hydriopsis cumingii | 72 |
(2) the lay eggs situation of Chinese Bitterling Welfare in different freshwater mussel modes of emplacement
As can be seen from Table 3, in plastic basket 2 kinds of freshwater mussels by spawning rate all higher than freshwater mussel of placing random in pond, ratio is about 1.4:1.
The lay eggs situation of table 3 Chinese Bitterling Welfare in different freshwater mussel modes of emplacement
Result shows that the freshwater mussel in plastic basket is higher by spawning rate, reason may be the freshwater mussel clean surface be suspended from water, and its ovipositor suitable inserts, or due to the obstruct of plastic basket, China Bitterling Welfare equals in a closed space when breeding, not by external interference.
embodiment 2
1, pond prepares
(1) spawning pond
Spawning pond is Tu Chi, pond area 1000m
2, depth of water 1.5m, bottom sludge thickness 8-9cm, share the sterilization of 150kg quicklime slurrying full pool spilling head, water filling after 7d, plantation waterweed and hornwort, every 667m
2with 120kg bio-fertilizer rich water.
(2) hatchery
Hatchery is the circular cement pit of radius 1.0m, with the sterilization of 2ppm potassium permanganate, encloses at the bottom of pond and spreads a circle nanometer micropore pipeline oxygen increasing equipment, depth of water 120cm.
2, parent population is selected
Parent population selects 1 age more than, raun body weight 1.2g ~ 2.0g, milter body weight 1.5g ~ 4.0g, the Chinese Bitterling Welfare caught in the natural water area that maturity of fish gonads is good, physique is healthy and strong, carries out the sterilization of fish body with the saline solution dipping bath 8 ~ 10min of 3% ~ 5% before putting in a suitable place to breed, supports with for subsequent use temporarily.
3, host-freshwater mussel is selected
Select anodonta woodiana pacifica, cristaria plicata and hydriopsis cumingii three kinds of freshwater mussels, size is even, and body is wide at 35-110cm, fishes for and obtained, scrub surface after dragging for back in natural water area, stand-by after removing parasite sterilization.
4, artificial propagation
(1) lay eggs
Male and female parent population presses 1.1:1 pairing, it is right that each spawning pond puts parent population 1000, in spawning pond, place freshwater mussel 1200 simultaneously, freshwater mussel laying method divides two kinds, one is thrown in spawning pond at random, and one is placed in plastic basket, puts 2 in each plastic basket, plastic basket hangs on spawning pond surrounding, 10cm place at the bottom of pond; In the modes of emplacement of often kind of freshwater mussel, freshwater mussel quantity is identical.
Lay eggs statistics 3 kinds of freshwater mussels two kinds of modes of emplacements after terminating by spawning rate, result is as shown in table 1, can find out anodonta woodiana pacifica in 3 kinds of freshwater mussels by spawning rate higher than hydriopsis cumingii and cristaria plicata; Contrast two kinds of modes of emplacements, be placed in plastic basket high by spawning rate more than placement random in pond.
The lay eggs situation of table 1 Chinese Bitterling Welfare in different freshwater mussel modes of emplacement
(2) hatch
Between the incubation period, water temperature remains on 26-30 DEG C, and Spawning water is the ecological purification Chi Shui filtered through 120 order yarn thin,tough silk.The freshwater mussel being stained with fertilized egg is hung on Lotic hatching in hatchery.Between the incubation period, every day surveys dissolved oxygen, remains that dissolved oxygen is not less than 6mg/L, and changes water 1/2 every day, regularly uses drug disinfection.After two weeks, fry hatches in succession, adds up the incubation rate in each pond, is up to 88%.
embodiment 3
1, pond prepares
(1) spawning pond
Spawning pond is Tu Chi, pond area 1330m
2, depth of water 1.2m, bottom sludge thickness 8-9cm, share the sterilization of 150kg quicklime slurrying full pool spilling head, water filling after 9d, plantation waterweed and hornwort, every 667m
2with 150kg bio-fertilizer rich water.
(2) hatchery
Hatchery is the circular cement pit of radius 2m, with the sterilization of 2ppm potassium permanganate, encloses at the bottom of pond and spreads a circle nanometer micropore pipeline oxygen increasing equipment, depth of water 80cm.
2, parent population is selected
Parent population selects 1 age more than, raun body weight 1.2g ~ 2.0g, milter body weight 1.5g ~ 4.0g, the Chinese Bitterling Welfare caught in the natural water area that maturity of fish gonads is good, physique is healthy and strong, carries out the sterilization of fish body with the saline solution dipping bath 5min of 3% ~ 5% before putting in a suitable place to breed, supports with for subsequent use temporarily.
3, host-freshwater mussel is selected
Select anodonta woodiana pacifica, cristaria plicata and hydriopsis cumingii three kinds of freshwater mussels, size is even, and body is wide at 35-110cm, fishes for and obtained, scrub surface after dragging for back in natural water area, stand-by after removing parasite sterilization.
4, artificial propagation
(1) lay eggs
Male and female parent population presses 1.1:1 pairing, it is right that each spawning pond puts parent population 1200, in spawning pond, place freshwater mussel 1500 simultaneously, often kind of freshwater mussel laying method divides 2 two kinds, and one is thrown in spawning pond at random, and one is placed in plastic basket, 2 are put in each plastic basket, plastic basket hangs on spawning pond surrounding, 10cm place at the bottom of pond; In the modes of emplacement of often kind of freshwater mussel, freshwater mussel quantity is identical.
(2) hatch
Between the incubation period, water temperature remains on 26-30 DEG C, and Spawning water is the ecological purification Chi Shui filtered through 120 order yarn thin,tough silk.The freshwater mussel being stained with fertilized egg is hung on Lotic hatching in hatchery.Between the incubation period, every day surveys dissolved oxygen, remains that dissolved oxygen is not less than 6mg/L, and changes water 1/2 every day, regularly uses drug disinfection.After two weeks, fry hatches in succession, adds up the incubation rate in each pond, is up to 88%.
Claims (9)
1. Chinese Bitterling Welfare artificial fecundation method, is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
(1) using Tu Chi as spawning pond, using cement pit as hatchery;
(2) using the Chinese Bitterling Welfare in natural water area as parent population, carry out the sterilization of fish body with saline solution, cultivate;
(3) using freshwater mussel as host, place it in plastic basket and hang on spawning pond surrounding, each spawning pond puts freshwater mussel 1200-1600; 10cm at the bottom of plastic basket distance pond, places 2 freshwater mussels in each basket;
(4) male and female parent population presses 1.1:1 pairing, and each spawning pond puts parent population 1000-1200 couple;
(5) freshwater mussel being stained with fertilized egg is hung on Lotic hatching in hatchery, hatching water temperature is 26 ~ 30 DEG C.
2. according to Chinese Bitterling Welfare artificial fecundation method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the spawning pond area 667 ~ 1330m of step (1)
2, the depth of water 1.2 ~ 1.5m, bottom sludge thickness is less than 10cm.
3., according to Chinese Bitterling Welfare artificial fecundation method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the spawning pond 75 ~ 100kg/667m of step (1)
2the sterilization of quicklime slurrying full pool spilling head, water filling after 7 ~ 10d, plantation waterweed and hornwort, every 667m
2with 100-150kg bio-fertilizer rich water.
4. according to Chinese Bitterling Welfare artificial fecundation method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the hatchery of step (1) is circular cement pit, and pond radius is 1.0 ~ 2.0m, the depth of water 0.8 ~ 1.2m, before the use with potassium permanganate sterilization, and enclose paving one circle nanometer micropore pipeline oxygen increasing equipment at the bottom of pond.
5. according to Chinese Bitterling Welfare artificial fecundation method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the parent population selected in step (2) more than 1 age, maturity of fish gonads is good, physique is healthy and strong, scale is complete, anosis without wound, without parasite, wherein raun body weight 1.2-2.0g, milter body weight 1.5-4.0g.
6., according to Chinese Bitterling Welfare artificial fecundation method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: breeding density during step (2) parent fish rearing is 1200 ~ 1500 tails/667m
2.
7., according to Chinese Bitterling Welfare artificial fecundation method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: step (2) mass concentration be 3% ~ 5% saline solution dipping bath 5 ~ 10min carry out the sterilization of fish body.
8. according to Chinese Bitterling Welfare artificial fecundation method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the freshwater mussel of step (3) is anodonta woodiana pacifica, size is even, the wide 35 ~ 110cm of body.
9. according to Chinese Bitterling Welfare artificial fecundation method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: step (5) Spawning water is the ecological purification water filtered through 120 order yarn thin,tough silk, keeps dissolved oxygen to be not less than 6mg/L, change water 1/2 every day, regularly use drug disinfection between the incubation period.
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| CN104012437B true CN104012437B (en) | 2016-02-24 |
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Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104756911A (en) * | 2015-04-01 | 2015-07-08 | 江苏农牧科技职业学院 | Ecological 3D breeding method of bitterling and odontobutis obscura |
| CN105379649B (en) * | 2015-11-17 | 2018-02-09 | 上海市水产研究所 | A kind of Bitterling Welfare greenhouses cement pond ecological morning breeding method |
| CN106106297B (en) * | 2016-07-29 | 2020-06-30 | 辽宁省淡水水产科学研究院 | Artificial breeding method for rhodeus bitterling |
| CN107114284B (en) * | 2017-05-10 | 2020-10-20 | 临沂大学 | Fish egg gathering and hatching device for rhodeus |
| CN107265653B (en) * | 2017-08-04 | 2021-01-12 | 中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所 | Method for promoting growth of submerged plants by using fish and benthonic animals in synergy mode |
| CN107381827B (en) * | 2017-09-19 | 2021-02-23 | 中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所 | Spirogyra and attached algae control method based on water quality maintenance |
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| CN103284004A (en) * | 2013-06-03 | 2013-09-11 | 魏巍 | Production method of bitterling feed |
| CN103478023A (en) * | 2013-08-15 | 2014-01-01 | 江苏畜牧兽医职业技术学院 | Artificial propagation technology for Rhodeus sinensis |
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| US20120096570A1 (en) * | 2010-10-18 | 2012-04-19 | Tin Tran | Base for propagating aquatic animals |
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| CN103284004A (en) * | 2013-06-03 | 2013-09-11 | 魏巍 | Production method of bitterling feed |
| CN103478023A (en) * | 2013-08-15 | 2014-01-01 | 江苏畜牧兽医职业技术学院 | Artificial propagation technology for Rhodeus sinensis |
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