CN103960104B - Helical form replaces band girdle and promotes complex peach early real high yield method - Google Patents
Helical form replaces band girdle and promotes complex peach early real high yield method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of helical form and replaces band girdle promotion complex peach early real high yield method, and make the many results of complex peach young-abounding tree precocity fruiting, it comprises the following steps: (1) plant is selected; (2) girdling period and time are determined; (3) band girdle instrument prepares; (4) band girdle operation; (5) the managing and protecting of band girdle plant.By to not result or the less prosperous plant of complex peach children of result, carry out helical form in growth animated period and replace band girdle process, effectively can impel its result and many result in advance, shorten the investment time limit.Result shows: within 5 years, age of tree complex peach young-abounding tree helical form replaces band girdle process, and it can be made within about 5 years in advance, to enter the economic well-being of workers and staff phase, and between the 6-10 year, output increases by 7.3 times.The present invention and other make and hinder Technical comparing, have safety height plant without decline and death phenomenon, saving of labor, easy and simple to handle, easily grasped by peasant household, the advantage such as early real effect of high-yield is obvious.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to economic forest early real high-yield cultivation technique field, specifically helical form replaces band girdle and promotes complex peach early real high yield method.
Background technology
Complex peach (
juglans sigillatadode) also known as Yangbi complex peach or deep line complex peach, be Juglandaceae Juglans deciduous tree, it is mainly distributed in Yunnan, whole area, Guizhou and Sichuan, Hunan, West Guangxi and southern Tibet, is the Important Economic seeds in Southwestern China suitable planting area.Complex Tao Shi Yunnan Province cultivated area is maximum, number of employees maximum, the most obvious first economic fruit seeds of Increase Income of Peasant Households, and within 2012, area reaches 3,700 ten thousand mu, agriculture value 16,500,000,000 yuan.On the other hand, bubble Juglans real type in evening, the quick growing species of trees, propagation by grafiting 5 ~ 7 years examination flower examination fruits, 8 ~ 15 years is growth fruiting period, within 16 ~ 20 years, progressively enters the full bearing period.Complex peach is always based on " four is other " cultivation, there is no mature technology and the experience of contiguous plant high-yield cultivating, the complex peach of industrialization contiguous plant, only long tree not result or the few phenomenon ubiquity aborning of result, plantation family is weighed down with anxieties, and authorities at different levels of government attach great importance to.For this reason, we started vertical topic and study bubble Walnut high-yield cultivation technique in 2009.By traditional random is then chopped wound technology, horizontal technologies of orbicular decorticating, lateral loops incision technology, longitudinally carve hinder technology, the helical form of conventional helical shape technologies of orbicular decorticating and innovation replaces technologies of orbicular decorticating for many years, multiple spot, the test of different times time, result shows: the helical form of innovation replaces technologies of orbicular decorticating to promoting that the effect of bubble Walnut high yield is the most obvious, saving of work and time operating efficiency is high, safety is the highest, and the strong prosperous rebound rate of tree vigo(u)r is minimum; Other make hinder technology promote production DeGrain (then chop wound technology as traditional random and longitudinally carve and hinder technology), safety low cause plant weak or dead (as horizontal technologies of orbicular decorticating, lateral loops incision technology and conventional helical shape technologies of orbicular decorticating) or make wound after 2 years tree vigo(u)r recover prosperous not result (all make and hinder technology) by force.Complex peach helical form replaces the invention application of technologies of orbicular decorticating, and to bubble Sustainable Development of Walnut Industry, industrial base consolidation, the raising of early maturity culture benefit, Increase Income of Peasant Households, rural economy is flourishing, social stability is significant.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of helical form to replace band girdle and promote complex peach early real high yield method, above-mentionedly make the deficiency of hindering technology to make up, reach late real Walnut high yield.
The present invention realizes by the following technical solutions:
A kind of helical form replaces band girdle and promotes complex peach early real high yield method, comprises the steps:
Select the age of tree 4-10 years, grow vigorous, leading thread>=6 cm, the height of tree>=3.5 m, hat width>=16m
2, result or the less complex peach plant of result be not as band girdle plant.
With complex peach plant year, the fine day 10:00-16:00 in mid-May to the last ten-days period of vigorous period carries out band girdle operation, with ensure band girdle mouth after band girdle in 30 days healing good.
Adopt long 20-40 cm garden saws and the sharp sharp steel knife of long 20-30 cm as band girdle instrument.Instrument uses successively in order, specialty of taking turns, and does not damage xylem, band girdle mouth is straight and band girdle mouth tangent plane is smooth as dug to ensure otch deeply to reach xylem.
Helical form band girdle was carried out to band girdled plant 50%-90% trunk or major branch in 1st year, the 2nd year remaining 50%-10% trunk of helical form band girdle or major branch, namely within the 1st year and the 2nd year, within totally 2 years, complete and all band girdle is carried out to single walnut plant trunk or major branch; Within 3rd year, not cut; 4th year and the 5th year are cut the 1st year and the 2nd year band girdle trunk or major branch, to ensure that band girdled plant continues high yield until enter the full bearing period respectively again.
Band girdle operates:
on band girdled plant, trunk or the straight smooth place of major branch is selected to carry out band girdle.
in branch band girdle position, with 45 degree of oblique angles, with garden saw around major branch 1 week saw 2 shallow saw kerfs.Different according to Cortex walnut layer thickness, dark 0.3-0.8 cm of saw kerf is suitable not reach xylem close to xylem; Parallel and spacing 0.8-1.2 cm of 2 saw kerfs, the initial and saw place that falls of 2 saw kerfs intersects tip and closes up; Saw kerf original position and stop position to overlap 3-5 cm along branch axis at intervals (i.e. pitch) 20 more than cm.
from top to bottom the branch skin in the middle of 2 saw kerfs is taken off along saw kerf with sharp sharp knife.When getting skin, first down cut along saw kerf upper end with point of a knife, pry open a skin; Then, gently hold the branch skin pried open with have gentle hands, and continue cutting with point of a knife downwards along saw kerf according to branch skin adhesion situation, with the branch skin all taken out in the middle of saw kerf and do not damage xylem, band girdle mouth is straight and band girdle mouth tangent plane is smooth was advisable as dug.
Rudiment below timely removing band girdle mouth; Strengthen band girdled plant clay fertilizer water management and the extermination of disease and insect pest.
Described complex peach plant must be in the treelet phase (growth result initial stage), have certain rugosity, highly, branch quantity comes of age width, and growth potential is prosperous by force, not result or result less.
The described band girdle time is the 10:00-16:00 of mid-May to late May fine day.
Described described garden saw selects Japanese Ai Lisi ARSG-18L turbine propulsion folding saw.
It is the tree body management process that a continued operation for many years completes that described complex peach helical form replaces band girdle.Wherein, within the 1st year and the 2nd year, within totally 2 years, complete and band girdle is carried out to the single plant trunk of walnut or major branch, to promote its early real high yield, ensure the above branch in band girdled position time annual bearing; Within 3rd year, not cut; 4th year and the 5th year are cut the 1st year and the 2nd year band girdle trunk or major branch, to ensure that band girdled plant continues high yield until enter the full bearing period respectively again.
The position that described helical form replaces band girdle is the straight smooth place of trunk of the trunk of the tree-like plant of single trunk, major branch is straight smooth place or the tree-like plant of many trunks.
Described helical form replaces its band girdle mouth of band girdle with miter angle along band girdled branch in the shape of a spiral, original position and stop position along branch axis at intervals (i.e. pitch) 20 more than cm overlap 3-5 cm, wide 0.8-1.2 cm of band girdle mouth spacing and up and down two ends tip close up.
Described helical form replaces band girdle and should note removing the rudiment of below band girdle mouth in time and strengthen band girdled plant clay fertilizer water management and the extermination of disease and insect pest.
The present invention adopts turbine to promote garden saw and sharp sharp steel knife cooperation is combined into band girdle instrument, thus compare with other band girdle instrument, to have that band girdle angle is easily grasped, band girdle mouth is straight smooth, avoid damaging the feature that xylem and saving of work and time increase work efficiency.The present invention carries out band girdle with miter angle, and pitch controls at 20 more than cm, scarfing width 0.8-1.2 cm, and band girdle mouth upper and lower two ends tip closes up and 3-5 cm that overlap; Within 2 years, complete a band girdle and promote the early real high yield cycle, result of the test shows: within 5 years, age of tree complex peach young-abounding tree helical form replaces band girdle process, and it can be made within about 5 years in advance, to enter the economic well-being of workers and staff phase, makes band girdled plant continue get bumper crops and enter the full bearing period; Between 6-10 year, output increases by 7.3 times.
The present invention and other make and hinder Technical comparing, have that safety is high, plant increases successful feature without decline and death phenomenon, output, and saving of labor, easy and simple to handle, easily grasped by peasant household, the advantage such as early real effect of high-yield is obvious, efficiently solve Yunnan real Walnut in an evening cultivation difficult problem and industrialization contiguous plant complex peach nourishes and grows and reproductive growth contradiction, avoid, because result does not cause the generation of deforestation phenomenon, having broad application prospects aborning.
The present invention makes the complex peach average economic well-being of workers and staff phase shorten to 6 years by 11 years, within 5 years, enter the economic well-being of workers and staff phase in advance, between 6-10 year, output increases by 7.3 times, efficiently solve the complex peach growth result phase plant only long tree not result or result few, industry contiguous plant walnut is impelled effectively to realize nourishing and growing and to balance with reproductive growth, avoid the generation of the peasant's deforestation phenomenon causing long-term not result initiation because of planting culture, have broad application prospects aborning, to bubble Sustainable Development of Walnut Industry, Increase Income of Peasant Households and beautiful rural construction have important practical significance and far-reaching strategic importance.
Embodiment
The helical form that the present invention proposes replaces band girdle and promotes complex peach early real high yield method, and step is as follows:
The selection of step one, band girdle plant: in the complex peach standing forest of industrialization contiguous plant, selects the age of tree 4-10 years, grows vigorous, leading thread>=6 cm, the height of tree>=3.5 m, hat width>=16 m
2, result or the less complex peach plant of result do not carry out band girdle and to promote production process.Select band girdle plant time, stand density is larger, the band girdle plant age of tree, leading thread, the height of tree come of age width selection numerical value less; Vice versa.
Step 2, girdling period and the determination of time: with mid-May to the last ten-days period of complex peach year vigorous period for girdling period, in this girdling period, select its fine day to carry out band girdle operation, the band girdle time is advisable with 10:00-16:00.Different according to each complex peach producing region phenophase, girdling period is difference slightly; Growth animated period carries out band girdle, is conducive to scarfing quickly-healing in 30 days; It is rotten that fine day band girdle can avoid scarfing to infect.
Step 3, band girdle instrument and preparation thereof: adopt the garden saw of long 20-40 cm turbine propulsions and the sharp sharp steel knife of long 20-30 cm to form band girdle instrument.Turbine propulsion garden saw uses as band girdle mouth opening, to ensure that band girdle mouth is straight and smooth as dug along the angle needed.Meanwhile, because the trunk of complex peach band girdled or major branch are comparatively thick, bark thicker (0.4cm-1.1 cm), the use of turbine propulsion garden saw becomes and improves operating efficiency several fold.Hold band girdle mouth successfully at use turbine propulsion garden saw and complete on the basis of about 80% cutting port depth operation, the point of a knife re-using sharp sharp steel knife completes whole band girdle operation.Require that sharp steel knife has higher rigidity, and each use during sharp steel knife must make point of a knife incomparably sharp, to ensure that band girdle cut sides is smooth and do not hinder or lessly injure xylem.
The selection of step 4, band girdle trunk or major branch: for increasing work efficiency, usually to select larger branch or trunk to carry out band girdle operation.During First Year band girdle, band girdle trunk or major branch selection principle are: if two trunk is tree-like, then directly select a wherein larger trunk to carry out band girdle; If three open-center shape, then 2 major branches are wherein selected to carry out band girdle; If trunk evacuates layering shape tree-shaped, then retain one not after band girdle branch at lowest part, directly band girdle is carried out to trunk; Etc..Generally, according to band girdled plant trunk or major branch distribution situation, its trunk or major branch are divided into 2 parts, the 1st year band girdle 50%-90% major branch or trunk, the 2nd year remaining 50%-10% major branch of band girdle or trunk; Within 3rd year, do not carry out band girdle; Former band girdle position was avoided to the 1st year band girdle major branch or trunk in 4th year and carry out band girdle; Former band girdle position was avoided to the 2nd year band girdle major branch or trunk in 5th year and carry out band girdle.Replace and so forth, band girdled plant can be made to continue high yield until enter the full bearing period.
The selection at step 5, band girdle position: select straight smooth place to carry out band girdle on band girdled major branch or trunk.
Step 6, helical form replace band girdle technological process and feature:
alternately flow process: the 1st year band girdle 50%-90% trunk or major branch → 2nd year band girdle 50%-10% trunk or major branch → 3rd year not cut → the 4th year to the 1st year band girdle limb cut again → cut to the 2nd year band girdle limb in the 5th year the → full bearing period again.
band girdle flow process: saw helical opening → sharp knife is auxiliary gets skin.
feature: helical form replaces technologies of orbicular decorticating application next year, and complex peach young-abounding tree can be made to enter the economic well-being of workers and staff phase, and complex peach young-abounding tree is shifted to an earlier date and enters the economic well-being of workers and staff phase in more than 5 years, between the 6-10 year, output increases by 7.3 times; Within 5 years, complete helical form and replace the band girdle cycle, complex peach young-abounding tree is shifted to an earlier date and within more than 6 years, enters the full bearing period, the industry dense planting of the avoiding deforestation phenomenon that result does not cause occurs; Through combination accessory, original innovation helical form band girdle instrument, drastically increases the operating efficiency of thicker bark complex peach helical form band girdle operation; Helical form replaces band girdle technique and has thoroughly cracked other and make the wound technology of promoting production and to promote production weak effect or safety is low causes the dead or multiple prosperous fruitless difficult problem of tree vigo(u)r of plant.
Step 7, helical form replace technologies of orbicular decorticating hints on operation:
in selected limb band girdle position, with 45 degree of oblique angles, promote garden saw around major branch 1 week saw 2 shallow saw kerfs with turbine.Different according to Cortex walnut layer thickness, saw kerf deeply about 0.3-0.8 cm is suitable not reach xylem close to xylem; Parallel and spacing about 1 cm of 2 saw kerfs, the initial and saw place that falls of 2 saw kerfs intersects tip and closes up; Saw kerf original position and stop position to overlap 3-5 cm along branch axis at intervals (i.e. pitch) 20 more than cm.
from top to bottom the branch skin in the middle of 2 saw kerfs is taken off along saw kerf with the point of a knife of sharp sharp knife.When getting skin, first continue down (xylem direction) cutting with point of a knife along saw kerf upper end, pry open a skin; Then, gently hold the branch skin pried open with have gentle hands, and continue cutting with point of a knife downwards along saw kerf according to branch skin adhesion situation, with the branch skin all taken out in the middle of saw kerf and do not damage xylem, band girdle mouth is straight and band girdle mouth tangent plane is smooth was advisable as dug.
Step 8, the managing and protecting of band girdle plant: rudiment below removing band girdle mouth in time; Strengthen band girdled plant clay fertilizer water management and the extermination of disease and insect pest.
Claims (6)
1. helical form replaces band girdle and promotes complex peach early real high yield method, it is characterized in that comprising the steps:
(1) plant is selected: select the age of tree 4 ~ 10 years, grows vigorous, leading thread>=6 cm, the height of tree>=3.5 m, hat width>=16 m
2, not result or the less complex peach plant of result;
(2) band girdle selection of time: with complex peach plant year vigorous period mid-May to the last ten-days period fine day 10:00 ~ 16:00 be the band girdle time;
(3) band girdle instrument: long 20 ~ 40 cm garden saws, the sharp sharp knife of long 20 ~ 30 cm, to ensure that band girdle cut sides is smooth as dug;
(4) selection of band girdle branch: band girdled plant branch is divided into 2 parts, the 1st year band girdle 50 ~ 90% major branch or trunk, the 2nd year remaining 50 ~ 10% major branches of band girdle or trunk; Within 3rd year, do not carry out band girdle; 4th year to the 1st year band girdle branch or dryly avoid former band girdle position and carry out band girdle; 5th year to the 2nd year band girdle branch or dryly avoid former band girdle position and carry out band girdle; So alternately reciprocal 2 times, band girdled plant is made to continue high yield until enter the full bearing period;
(5) band girdle operation:
trunk or the straight smooth place of major branch is selected to carry out band girdle,
in trunk or major branch band girdle position, with 45 degree of oblique angles, with garden saw around trunk or major branch 1 week saw 2 shallow saw kerfs, different according to Cortex walnut layer thickness, dark 0.3 ~ 0.8 cm of saw kerf, does not reach xylem and close to xylem; Parallel and spacing 0.8 ~ 1.2 cm of 2 saw kerfs, the initial and saw place that falls of 2 saw kerfs intersects tip and closes up; Saw kerf original position and stop position to overlap 3 ~ 5 cm along branch axis at intervals 20 more than cm, this interval and pitch;
from top to bottom the branch skin in the middle of 2 saw kerfs is taken off along saw kerf with sharp sharp knife, when getting skin, first down cut along saw kerf upper end with point of a knife, pry open a skin; Then, gently hold the branch skin pried open with have gentle hands, and continue cutting with point of a knife downwards along saw kerf according to branch skin adhesion situation, with the branch skin all taken out in the middle of saw kerf and do not damage xylem, band girdle mouth is straight and band girdle mouth tangent plane is smooth as dug;
(6) the managing and protecting of band girdle plant: rudiment below removing band girdle mouth in time; Strengthen band girdled plant clay fertilizer water management and the extermination of disease and insect pest.
2. helical form according to claim 1 replaces band girdle and promotes complex peach early real high yield method, and it is characterized in that, described garden saw selects Japanese Ai Lisi ARSG-18L turbine propulsion folding saw.
3. helical form according to claim 1 replaces band girdle and promotes complex peach early real high yield method, it is characterized in that, select complex peach plant to be in the treelet phase, and growth potential is prosperous by force, not result or result less as band girdled plant.
4. helical form according to claim 1 replaces band girdle and promotes complex peach early real high yield method, it is characterized in that, adopt long 20 ~ 40 cm garden saws, the sharp sharp knife of long 20 ~ 30 cm is as instrument, in order successively, take turns professional, do not damage xylem to ensure otch deeply to reach xylem, band girdle mouth is straight and band girdle mouth tangent plane is smooth as dug.
5. helical form according to claim 1 replaces band girdle and promotes complex peach early real high yield method, it is characterized in that, within the 1st year and the 2nd year, within totally 2 years, completes and carry out band girdle to the single plant trunk of walnut or major branch, to promote its early real high yield; Within 3rd year, not cut; 4th year and the 5th year are cut the 1st year and the 2nd year band girdle trunk or major branch, to ensure that band girdled plant continues high yield until enter the full bearing period respectively again.
6. helical form according to claim 1 replaces band girdle and promotes complex peach early real high yield method, it is characterized in that band girdle mouth with miter angle along band girdled trunk or major branch in the shape of a spiral, original position and stop position to overlap 3 ~ 5 cm along trunk or major branch axis at intervals 20 more than cm, this interval and pitch, wide 0.8 ~ 1.2 cm of band girdle mouth and up and down two ends tip close up.
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| CN105248236B (en) * | 2015-11-28 | 2018-04-24 | 广西职业技术学院 | Avocado girdling method |
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| CN101595819B (en) * | 2009-07-09 | 2011-04-13 | 保山市林业技术推广总站 | Seed selection method for improved variety of walnut and high-yield cultivation method thereof |
| CN103238494A (en) * | 2013-05-24 | 2013-08-14 | 常熟市润丰农业有限公司 | Close planting and high production cultivation method of early bearing walnuts |
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