CN103959631B - 车辆用辅助电源装置及其过电流保护方法 - Google Patents

车辆用辅助电源装置及其过电流保护方法 Download PDF

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CN103959631B
CN103959631B CN201180075072.7A CN201180075072A CN103959631B CN 103959631 B CN103959631 B CN 103959631B CN 201180075072 A CN201180075072 A CN 201180075072A CN 103959631 B CN103959631 B CN 103959631B
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inverter circuit
resonant inverter
open command
overcurrent
vehicle
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CN103959631A (zh
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阿知原雅人
原田领太郎
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Mitsubishi Electric Corp
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L1/00—Supplying electric power to auxiliary equipment of vehicles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/53—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M7/537—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
    • B60L3/04—Cutting off the power supply under fault conditions
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
    • H02H7/10—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers
    • H02H7/12—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers for static converters or rectifiers
    • H02H7/122—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers for static converters or rectifiers for inverters, i.e. dc/ac converters
    • H02H7/1225—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers for static converters or rectifiers for inverters, i.e. dc/ac converters responsive to internal faults, e.g. shoot-through
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/53—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M7/537—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters
    • H02M7/538—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a push-pull configuration
    • H02M7/53803—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a push-pull configuration with automatic control of output voltage or current
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2210/00—Converter types
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/0048—Circuits or arrangements for reducing losses
    • H02M1/0054—Transistor switching losses
    • H02M1/0058—Transistor switching losses by employing soft switching techniques, i.e. commutation of transistors when applied voltage is zero or when current flow is zero
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/32—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/4807—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode having a high frequency intermediate AC stage
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/4815—Resonant converters
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Inverter Devices (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)
  • Protection Of Static Devices (AREA)

Abstract

本发明的车辆用辅助电源装置中设有将DC输入转换为所期望的交流电压并进行输出的谐振逆变器电路和控制部。在控制部中设有：谐振时间管理部，该谐振时间管理部对流过谐振逆变器电路的电流的谐振时间进行管理；栅极断开指令生成部，该栅极断开指令生成部基于电流检测器的检测电流来检测流过谐振逆变器电路的过电流，并且在检测到该过电流的情况下，基于电流检测器的检测电流和由谐振时间管理部管理的谐振时间，在谐振逆变器电路的开关元件中流过的电流第一次变为零的时间经过后生成用于使开关元件断开的栅极断开指令；以及栅极信号生成部，该栅极信号生成部在输入栅极断开指令的情况下生成将开关元件控制为断开的栅极信号。

Description

车辆用辅助电源装置及其过电流保护方法
技术领域
本发明涉及搭载于电车的车辆用辅助电源装置，详细而言，涉及具备谐振逆变器电路的车辆用辅助电源装置以其过电流保护方法。
背景技术
电车中搭载有数量较多的额定功率相对较大的电气设备(负载)。因此，车辆用辅助电源装置内所具备的谐振逆变器电路必须采用具有对过电流的保护功能的结构。
对于谐振逆变器电路中现有的过电流保护，通常采用若检测到过电流则将开关元件(以下记为“SW元件”)瞬时断开这样的考虑方法。
另外，虽然不是车辆用辅助电源装置所涉及的技术，也不是谐振逆变器电路所涉及的技术，但在下述专利文献1的发明(发明名称：谐振整流器中的电流检测方式)中，公开了以下技术，即：若检测到过电流，则缩短SW元件的导通时间，并通过限制流过SW元件的电流来防止SW元件损坏(以下称为“元件损坏”)。
现有技术文献
专利文献
专利文献1：日本专利第4720514号公报
发明内容
发明所要解决的技术问题
如上所述，在现有技术的过电流保护中，若检测到过电流、则进行将SW元件瞬时断开的控制，或者缩短SW元件的导通时间并限制流过SW元件的电流来防止元件损坏。因此，在为了将谐振频率设为固定而进行固定SW元件的导通时间的控制的谐振逆变器电路中，作为该电路所具备的SW元件，需要选定能够耐受过电流保护时的断路电压和断路电流的高规格的SW元件。
本发明是鉴于上述内容而完成的，其目的在于提供一种不使用可耐受过电流保护时的断路电压和断路电流的高规格器件就能构成谐振逆变器电路的车辆用辅助电源装置及其过电流保护方法。
解决技术问题所采用的技术方案
为解决上述问题，实现发明目的，本发明的特征在于，在搭载于电车、具有将所输入的直流电压转换成所期望的交流电压并进行输出的谐振逆变器电路、和控制该谐振逆变器电路的控制部的车辆用辅助电源装置中，在所述谐振逆变器电路的输出侧设有电流检测器，所述控制部包括：谐振时间管理部，该谐振时间管理部对流过所述谐振逆变器电路的电流的谐振时间进行管理；栅极断开指令生成部，该栅极断开指令生成部基于所述电流检测器的检测电流来检测流过所述谐振逆变器电路的过电流，并且在检测到该过电流的情况下，基于所述电流检测器的检测电流和由所述谐振时间管理部进行管理的谐振时间，在所述谐振逆变器电路所具备的开关元件中流过的电流初次变为零的时间经过后，生成将所述开关元件断开的栅极断开指令；以及栅极信号生成部，该栅极信号生成部在输入所述栅极断开指令的情况下生成将所述开关元件控制为断开的栅极信号。
发明效果
根据本发明，能够获得以下效果：即，不使用可耐受过电流保护时的断路电压和断路电流的高规格器件就能构成作为车辆用辅助电源装置所具备的谐振逆变器电路。
附图说明
图1是表示适用于本发明的实施方式所涉及的车辆用辅助电源装置的谐振逆变器电路和控制谐振逆变器电路的控制部的结构例的图。
图2是表示连接至交流架空线的车辆用辅助电源装置的结构例的图。
图3是表示连接至直流架空线的车辆用辅助电源装置的结构例的图。
图4是表示开关元件HGU1导通时所流过的谐振电流的图。
图5是表示开关元件HGV2导通时所流过的谐振电流的图。
图6是对检测到过电流时的现有技术所涉及的保护动作进行说明的图。
图7是对检测到过电流时的本实施方式所涉及的保护动作进行说明的图。
图8是说明栅极断开指令生成部的动作的流程图。
图9是说明控制部的动作的时序图。
具体实施方式
下面，参照附图对本发明的实施方式所涉及的车辆用辅助电源装置进行说明。另外，本发明并不局限于以下示出的实施方式。
(实施方式)
图1是表示适用于本发明的实施方式所涉及的车辆用辅助电源装置的谐振逆变器电路1和控制谐振逆变器电路1的控制部10的结构例的图。图1所示的谐振逆变器电路1具有以下结构：对于直流(DC)输入，在滤波电容器FC1的后级设有串联连接的谐振电容器CR11、CR12，并进一步在其后级设有串联连接的开关元件HGU1、HGV2。作为开关元件HGU1、HGV2，如图所示，一般通过将IGBT和二极管反向并联连接而得到。另外，有时也可以使用MOSFET等来代替IGBT。
谐振电容器CR11、CR12构成的串联电路和开关元件HGU1、HGV2构成的串联电路均与滤波电容器FC1并联连接。此外，开关元件HGU1与开关元件HGV2的连接端A和谐振电容器CR11与谐振电容器CR12的连接端B一起构成谐振逆变器电路1的交流端，并连接至变压器TR1。并且，在谐振逆变器电路1和变压器TR1之间设有用于检测谐振逆变器电路1的输出电流的电流检测器CT1。
接下来，对控制部10进行说明。控制部10是基于由电流检测器CT1检测到的电流来控制谐振逆变器电路1的动作的结构部，具有包括A/D转换部11、栅极断开指令生成部12、谐振时间管理部13、以及栅极信号生成部14的结构。
A/D转换部11将由电流检测器CT1检测到的模拟电流值21转换成数字值。经由A/D转换部11转换后的数字值作为检测电流22输入到栅极断开指令生成部12。
谐振时间管理部13是对流过谐振逆变器电路1的电流的谐振时间(谐振频率)进行管理的结构部，在本实施方式的示例中，生成谐振时间管理信号23。将由谐振时间管理部13生成的谐振时间管理信号23输入到栅极断开指令生成部12和栅极信号生成部14两个部分中。
栅极断开指令生成部12是具有对过电流的保护功能(保护逻辑)的结构部，基于检测电流22和谐振时间管理信号23，生成用于实现该过电流保护功能的栅极断开指令24。将由栅极断开指令生成部12生成的栅极断开指令24输入到栅极信号生成部14。
栅极信号生成部14是生成用于控制开关元件HGU1、HGV2的栅极信号25的结构部。该栅极信号25在过电流保护功能不工作时基于谐振时间管理信号23而生成，在过电流保护功能工作时基于谐振时间管理信号23和栅极断开指令24而生成。
接着，对具备谐振逆变器电路1的车辆用辅助电源装置的结构进行说明。图2是表示连接至交流架空线的车辆用辅助电源装置的结构例的图。该车辆用辅助电源装置是经由集电装置31A接受交流架空线30A的交流功率、并向空调装置、照明装置、车门开关装置等负载63A提供所期望的交流功率的电源装置。图2是架空线电压相对较高的情况下的结构例，构成为利用2个变压器41A、52A和2个单相整流器42A、61A来阶梯式地对电压进行降压。
此外，在图2中，具备变压器41A和单相整流器42A的输入电路40A对应于图1的DC输入，具备单相整流器61A、三相逆变器62A和负载63A的负载电路60A对应于图1的负载电路6，变压器52A对应于变压器TR1、单相逆变器50A对应于上述谐振逆变器电路1。
此外，图3是表示连接至直流架空线的车辆用辅助电源装置的结构例的图。该车辆用辅助电源装置是经由集电装置31B接受直流架空线30B的直流功率、并向空调装置、照明装置、车门开关装置等负载63B提供所期望的交流功率的电源装置。另外，若对与图1的对应关系进行说明，则在图3中，从直流架空线30B接受的直流功率对应于图1的DC输入，具备单相整流器61B、三相逆变器62B和负载63B的负载电路60B对应于图1的负载电路6，变压器52B对应于变压器TR1，单相逆变器50B对应于上述谐振逆变器电路1。
接下来，说明谐振逆变器电路1的动作。在谐振逆变器电路1中，由谐振电容器CR11、CR12中的任一个、以及变压器TR1的漏电感及存在于谐振逆变器电路1的电路路径中的电感(电路电感)所形成的串联谐振(电流谐振)而流过谐振电流。另一方面，利用谐振电流变为零的时刻来进行对开关元件HGU1、HGV2的导通/截止的切换控制。因此，该谐振逆变器电路1的特征在于能够使开关损耗约等于零。
图4是表示开关元件HGU1导通时所流过的谐振电流的路径的图，图5是表示开关元件HGV2导通时所流过的谐振电流的路径的图。
在开关元件HGU1导通时，在电路上产生如图4所示的两个电流环路(电流环路1、2)。电流环路1中，流过沿谐振电容器CR11→开关元件HGU1→变压器TR1→谐振电容器CR11这样的路径的电流，电流环路2中，流过沿滤波电容器FC1→开关元件HGU1→变压器TR1→谐振电容器CR12→滤波电容器FC1这样的路径的电流。
此外，在开关元件HGV2导通时，产生如图5所示的两个电流环路(电流环路1、2)。电流环路1中，流过沿谐振电容器CR12→变压器TR1→开关元件HGV2→谐振电容器CR12这样的路径的电流，电流环路2中，流过沿滤波电容器FC1→谐振电容器CR11→变压器TR1→开关元件HGV2→滤波电容器FC1这样的路径的电流。
如图4和图5所示，在切换开关元件HGU1、HGV2的时刻，流过变压器TR1的电流的方向发生变化。即能够理解利用谐振电流变为零的时刻来进行开关元件HGU1、HGV2的断开。
接着，说明对过电流的保护功能(保护逻辑)。谐振逆变器电路中生成的过电流因负载的断路等而产生，由于过大的短路电流流过开关元件，因而是会导致元件损坏的重大的故障模式。因此，开关元件就需要具有足够的耐压和电流容量，以使得开关元件不至于发生元件损坏。
图6是对检测到过电流时的现有技术所涉及的保护动作进行说明的图，横轴表示时间，纵轴表示谐振电流的电流值。在电流超过用于保护检测的阈值的情况下，在现有技术中，如图6所示，立即断开电流。然而，若在过电流状态这种安全动作区域外断开开关元件，则断路电流所引起的电压突增的量较大。因此，以往，由于预见到这样的电压突增量，因此选定具有足够耐压和电流容量的高规格的开关元件来进行使用。
另一方面，图7是说明本实施方式所涉及的保护动作的图。另外，图7所示的电流波形与图6的波形相同。本实施方式中，如图7所示，在检测到流过谐振逆变器电路的过电流的情况下，设为不立即断开，而是在流过开关元件的电流初次变为零的时间经过后(电流初次变为零的时刻之后，或者应该初次变为零的时刻之后)，输出将开关元件断开的指令(栅极断开指令)。若为谐振逆变器电路，则在电路的动作过程中，谐振频率是固定的，因此只要谐振频率不崩溃，谐振频率就是恒定的。因此，若在检测到过电流后等待至正常的断开的时刻，再对开关元件进行断开控制，则能够抑制电压突增的量变大。由此，与采用现有技术的情况相比，作为开关元件，能够构成谐振逆变器电路而不选择高规格的开关元件。
图8是说明图1所示的栅极断开指令生成部12的动作的流程图。栅极断开指令生成部12基于从A/D转换部11输出的检测电流22，对流过谐振逆变器电路1的电流是否是过电流进行判定(步骤S101：第一判定步骤)。在没有检测到过电流的情况下(步骤S101，“否”)，则继续进行步骤S101的判定处理。另一方面，在检测到过电流的情况下(步骤S101，“是”)，则对检测到过电流后的经过时间是否达到谐振时间进行判定(步骤S102：第二判定步骤)。若检测到过电流后的经过时间未达到谐振时间(步骤S102，“否”)，则继续进行步骤S102的判定处理。另一方面，若检测到过电流后的经过时间达到谐振时间(步骤S102，“是”)，则生成并输出栅极断开指令(步骤S103)。另外，若步骤S103的处理完成，则返回至步骤S101的处理，继续进行是否是过电流的判定处理。
图9是用于说明控制部10的动作的时序图。从上段部分到下段部分，按照谐振时间管理信号23、过电流检测信号、栅极断开指令24、以及栅极信号25的顺序分别示出。谐振时间管理信号23是决定谐振逆变器电路1的谐振电流的信号。过电流检测信号是在栅极断开指令生成部12的内部所生成的信号，检测到过电流时表示为“H”、未检测到过电流时表示为“L”。另外，在图9的示例中，将谐振时间管理信号23和栅极信号25作为相同的信号示出，但并不限于此，也可以是例如按每个谐振周期输出的触发信号那样的信号形式。
在间断地输出栅极信号25时，若检测到过电流，则在内部生成过电流检测信号。然而，在本实施方式的保护逻辑中，如上所述，不会立即输出栅极断开指令24，而是等待谐振时间管理信号23的脉冲下降的时刻来输出栅极断开指令24。在输出栅极断开指令24的情况下，只要栅极断开指令24为“H”，就不生成栅极信号25而保持为“L”。控制部10按如上所述进行动作，从而提供过电流保护的功能。
如上所述，根据本实施方式所涉及的车辆用辅助电源装置，在检测到流过谐振逆变器电路的过电流的情况下，在谐振逆变器电路所具备的开关元件中流过的电流初次变为零的时间经过后，输出将该开关元件断开的栅极断开指令，因此不使用可耐受过电流保护时的断路电压和断路电流的高规格开关元件就能构成车辆用辅助电源装置所具备的谐振逆变器电路。
此外，上述实施方式中示出的结构是本发明的结构的一个示例，也可以与其它公知技术相结合，在不脱离本发明的技术思想的范围内当然也可以进行变更来构成，例如可以省略其中一部分等。
工业上的实用性
如上所述，本发明所涉及的车辆用辅助电源装置作为不使用可耐受过电流保护时的断路电压和断路电流的高规格器件就能构成谐振逆变器电路的发明是有用的。
标号说明
1 谐振逆变器电路
6、60A、60B 负载电路
10 控制部
11 A/D转换部
12 栅极断开指令生成部
13 谐振时间管理部
14 栅极信号生成部
21 模拟电流值
22 检测电流
23 谐振时间管理信号
24 栅极断开指令
25 栅极信号
30A 交流架空线
30B 直流架空线
31A、31B 集电装置
40A 输入电路
42A、61A 单相整流器
50A、50B 单相逆变器
61A、61B 单相整流器
62A、62B 三相逆变器
63A、63B 负载
41A、52A、52B、TR1 变压器
CR11、CR12 谐振电容器
CT1 电流检测器
FC1 滤波电容器
HGU1、HGV2 开关元件

Claims (3)

1.一种车辆用辅助电源装置，该车辆用辅助电源装置搭载于电车，具有将所输入的直流电压转换成所期望的交流电压并进行输出的谐振逆变器电路、和控制该谐振逆变器电路的控制部，其特征在于，
在所述谐振逆变器电路的输出侧设有电流检测器，
所述控制部包括：
谐振时间管理部，该谐振时间管理部对流过所述谐振逆变器电路的电流的谐振时间进行管理；
栅极断开指令生成部，该栅极断开指令生成部基于所述电流检测器的检测电流来检测流过所述谐振逆变器电路的过电流，并且在检测到该过电流的情况下，基于所述电流检测器的检测电流和由所述谐振时间管理部进行管理的谐振时间，在所述谐振逆变器电路所具备的开关元件中流过的电流初次变为零的时间经过后，生成将所述开关元件断开的栅极断开指令；以及
栅极信号生成部，该栅极信号生成部在输入所述栅极断开指令的情况下生成将所述开关元件控制为断开的栅极信号。
2.一种车辆用辅助电源装置，该车辆用辅助电源装置搭载于电车，具有将所输入的直流电压转换成所期望的交流电压并进行输出的谐振逆变器电路、和控制该谐振逆变器电路的控制部，其特征在于，
在所述谐振逆变器电路的输出侧设有电流检测器，
所述控制部在基于所述电流检测器的检测电流而检测到流过所述谐振逆变器电路的过电流的情况下，在所述谐振逆变器电路所具备的开关元件中流过的电流初次变为零的时间经过后，输出将所述开关元件断开的栅极断开指令。
3.一种车辆用辅助电源装置的过电流保护方法，所述车辆用辅助电源装置搭载于电车，并具有将所输入的直流电压转换成所期望的交流电压并进行输出的谐振逆变器电路，所述车辆用辅助电源装置的过电流保护方法的特征在于，包括：
第一判定步骤，在该第一判定步骤中，对流过所述谐振逆变器电路的电流是否是过电流进行判定；
第二判定步骤，在该第二判定步骤中，当所述第一判定步骤中检测到过电流的情况下，对过电流检测后的经过时间是否达到谐振时间进行判定；以及
栅极断开指令生成步骤，在该栅极断开指令生成步骤中，在所述第二判定步骤中所述经过时间达到所述谐振时间的情况下，生成用于使所述谐振逆变器电路所具备的开关元件断开的栅极断开指令。
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