CN103918444A - Tobacco cultivation method - Google Patents
Tobacco cultivation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103918444A CN103918444A CN201410145424.7A CN201410145424A CN103918444A CN 103918444 A CN103918444 A CN 103918444A CN 201410145424 A CN201410145424 A CN 201410145424A CN 103918444 A CN103918444 A CN 103918444A
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- cave
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- ridging
- cigarette
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Abstract
The invention provides a tobacco cultivation method. According to the tobacco cultivation method, mechanical sowing can be applied, time and labor are saved, production efficiency is high, rapid growth of tobacco is realized, and survival rate is high. The tobacco cultivation method mainly includes the steps of 1), seed coating, 2), ridging and fertilizer applying, 3), direct seeding, 4), mulching film covering, 5), trepanning and seedling lifting, 6), film uncovering, 7), weeding, soil loosening and fertilizer applying and 8), harvesting.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to plant planting field, be specifically related to a kind of tobacco cultivation method.
Background technology
Nicotiana tubular flower order, the annual or limited herbaceos perennial of Solanaceae.In prior art, the cultivation method key step of China tobacco is: (1) cultivates little strong sprout, grows seedlings in (north) by floating seedlings (south) or seedbed, while growing seedlings in seedbed, while waiting cigarette seedling to grow to 4 true leaves, also needs to heel in processing; (2) ridging that applies fertilizer to the subsoil wholely, spraying herbicide after ridging, then play the cave fertilizer of spreading manuer in holes, table soil is smashed so that epiphragma; (3) epiphragma, will be close to railway carriage or compartment face when epiphragma, tightens stretchingly, and surrounding compresses with earth, scrapes motionless being advisable with wind; (4) transplant cigarette seedling, under film, cultivate, if build film before cultivation cigarette, in the time planting cigarette, open film on one side, after seedling is planted, water and press root and stem of certain plants water, then build film.Before cultivation cigarette, there is no epiphragma, after cultivation cigarette, build immediately film.If cultivate on film, in Mian Shangda cave, railway carriage or compartment, place opens an aperture, and cigarette seedling is planted in cave, waters and presses after root and stem of certain plants liquid manure, film mouth is pressed with earth; (5) seedling is carried in perforate, the cigarette seedling of cultivating under film, and when blade grows to while withstanding mulch film, perforate in time, is exposed on face cigarette seedling leaf, tying is pressed with earth; (6) take off film, grow to group's phase, must take off in time film; (7) the weeding fertilising of loosening the soil; (8) results.
Mainly there is some problem in prior art: normally cultivate owing to growing seedlings in seedling growth greenhouse (1), takes out the cigarette transplantation of seedlings of a small amount of soil of band when transplanting again, and the root system of cigarette seedling is also undeveloped, and accommodative ability of environment is poor, easily causes and transplant rear cigarette seedling death; (2) transplant after cigarette seedling need to pass through seedling-slowing stage, the cigarette seedling only shaking down during seedling-slowing stage could normal root growth, cause thus the problems such as the slow and survival rate of tobacco seedling growth is low; (3) grow seedlings, transplanting process is loaded down with trivial details, need to waste a large amount of manpowers, and material resources, have improved production cost; (4) inapplicable mechanization transplanting, production efficiency is lower; (5) grow seedlings, in transplanting process, the chance that people contacts cigarette seedling is many, easily causes the propagation of the propagation of disease between cigarette seedling, particularly virus disease, the quality summary of the invention of the cigarette seedling having affected.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to solve the aforementioned problems in the prior, provide a kind of and use Mechanization sowing, time and labour saving, production efficiency is high, growth is rapid, the tobacco cultivation method of high viability.
The present invention is for achieving the above object, and the technical scheme adopting is:
A kind of tobacco cultivation method, mainly comprises the following steps:
1) seed pelleting processing;
2) ridging and fertilising: press line-spacing 110～120cm ridging, ridging height, 35cm～40cm.After ridging, beat cave by 50cm spacing in the rows, dark 15 centimetres of left and right, cave, cave spacing is wanted uniformity;
3) seed is directly sowed: give the water of the amount of building in cave, after waiting water to ooze completely down, seed after dressing is directly seeded in cave, the fine earth of 2 centimetres of left and right of lid, makes at the bottom of cave apart from approximately 15～20cm of ridge face, and the mulch film covering is directly placed in surface, cigarette ridge.This mode is conducive to improve temperature and moisture in cave, control frost and arid;
4) covering with plastic film: will be close to railway carriage or compartment face when epiphragma, tighten stretchingly, surrounding compresses with earth, scrapes motionless being advisable with wind;
5) seedling is carried in perforate: work as seed sprouting, cigarette seedling leaf grows to while just withstanding mulch film, and in time perforate, is exposed on face cigarette seedling leaf, tying is pressed with earth;
6) take off film: grow to group's phase, take off in time film;
7) the weeding fertilising of loosening the soil;
8) results.
Tobacco cultivation method of the present invention has the following advantages: reduced the link of traditional tobacco cultivation, time and labour saving, has improved plantation efficiency; Compare traditional tobacco cultivation method, reduced and grown seedlings and transplanting process, reduced people and contact the chance of cigarette, reduced the propagation of tobacco virus; Need not, through the slow seedling stage, directly sow capsuled seed, make cigarette strain more healthy and stronger, improve the resistance to poor environment; Quality and the quality of tobacco are improved.
Embodiment
In cultivation place, Southwest tobacco-growing areas, taking cloud and mist 85 as for examination material, design 2 groups of processing, repeat for three times, random district group is arranged, and test result is as follows:
Process 1: cultivation method of the present invention, comprises the following steps:
1) seed pelleting processing;
2) ridging and fertilising: press line-spacing 110～120cm ridging, ridging height, 35cm～40cm.After ridging, beat cave by 50cm spacing in the rows, dark 15 centimetres of left and right, cave, cave spacing is wanted uniformity;
3) seed is directly sowed: give the water of the amount of building in cave, after waiting water to ooze completely down, seed after dressing is directly seeded in cave, the fine earth of 2 centimetres of left and right of lid, makes at the bottom of cave apart from approximately 15～20cm of ridge face, and the mulch film covering is directly placed in surface, cigarette ridge.This mode is conducive to improve temperature and moisture in cave, control frost and arid;
4) covering with plastic film: will be close to railway carriage or compartment face when epiphragma, tighten stretchingly, surrounding compresses with earth, scrapes motionless being advisable with wind;
5) seedling is carried in perforate: work as seed sprouting, cigarette seedling leaf grows to while just withstanding mulch film, and in time perforate, is exposed on face cigarette seedling leaf, tying is pressed with earth;
6) take off film: grow to group's phase, take off in time film;
7) the weeding fertilising of loosening the soil;
8) results.
Process 2: the cultivation method of prior art, comprises the following steps:
1) cultivate little strong sprout, by floating seedlings processing;
2) whole ground ridge-forming and fertilizing, spraying herbicide after ridging, then play the cave fertilizer of spreading manuer in holes, table soil is smashed so that epiphragma;
3) epiphragma, will be close to railway carriage or compartment face when epiphragma, tightens stretchingly, and surrounding compresses with earth, scrapes motionless being advisable with wind;
4) transplant cigarette seedling, under film, cultivate, after cultivation cigarette, build immediately film;
5) seedling is carried in perforate, the cigarette seedling of cultivating under film, and when blade grows to while withstanding mulch film, perforate in time, is exposed on face cigarette seedling leaf, tying is pressed with earth;
6) take off film, grow to group's phase, must take off in time film;
7) the weeding fertilising of loosening the soil;
8) results.
Process 1 capsuled seed and directly sow and process 2 respectively at March 8 and sowing on March 18, processing 2 cigarette seedlings were transplanted May 8, and the survival rate of 30d different disposal is as shown in the table:
From the above, the survival rate of processing 1 is higher than the survival rate of processing 2.
The economical character of 90d different disposal is as shown in the table:
From the above, plant height processes 1 all than processing 2 better effects if with stem girth aspect, and processing 1 and processing 2 maximum leaf length and widths and effective blade number etc. are without marked difference.
Different disposal economic characters are as shown in the table:
| Process | Output (kg/ mu) | The output value (unit/mu) | Average price (unit/kg) | Upper medium grade cigarette rate (%) |
| Process 1 | 119.72 | 1861.64 | 15.55 | 84.11 |
| Process 2 | 116.24 | 1688.96 | 14.53 | 83.26 |
From the above, output, the output value and average price be all to process 1 as best, is respectively 119.72kg/ mu, 1861.12 yuan/mu and 15.55 yuan/kg, is significantly higher than and processes 2.
Claims (1)
1. a tobacco cultivation method, is characterized in that, mainly comprises the following steps:
1) seed pelleting processing;
2) ridging and fertilising: press line-spacing 110～120cm ridging, ridging height, 35cm～40cm, beats cave by 50cm spacing in the rows after ridging, dark 15 centimetres of left and right, cave, cave spacing is wanted uniformity;
3) seed is directly sowed: give the water of the amount of building in cave, after waiting water to ooze completely down, seed after dressing is directly seeded in cave, the fine earth of 2 centimetres of left and right of lid, makes at the bottom of cave apart from approximately 15～20cm of ridge face, and the mulch film covering is directly placed in surface, cigarette ridge;
4) covering with plastic film: will be close to railway carriage or compartment face when epiphragma, tighten stretchingly, surrounding compresses with earth, scrapes motionless being advisable with wind;
5) seedling is carried in perforate: work as seed sprouting, cigarette seedling leaf grows to while just withstanding mulch film, and in time perforate, is exposed on face cigarette seedling leaf, tying is pressed with earth;
6) take off film: grow to group's phase, take off in time film;
7) the weeding fertilising of loosening the soil;
8) results.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410145424.7A CN103918444A (en) | 2014-04-14 | 2014-04-14 | Tobacco cultivation method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410145424.7A CN103918444A (en) | 2014-04-14 | 2014-04-14 | Tobacco cultivation method |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN103918444A true CN103918444A (en) | 2014-07-16 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201410145424.7A Pending CN103918444A (en) | 2014-04-14 | 2014-04-14 | Tobacco cultivation method |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104255102A (en) * | 2014-10-22 | 2015-01-07 | 湖北省烟草公司恩施州公司 | Method for utilizing carbonized tobacco straws returned to field to improve tobacco planting soil |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20110162116A1 (en) * | 2008-06-16 | 2011-06-30 | Holman Edwin Henricus Antonius | Method For Growing Plants |
| CN102124894A (en) * | 2010-12-27 | 2011-07-20 | 山东临沂烟草有限公司 | Technical method for cultivating cured tobaccos under mulching film |
| CN102511333A (en) * | 2011-12-16 | 2012-06-27 | 山东临沂烟草有限公司 | Root-limiting direct-sowing tobacco seedling tray and root-limiting direct-sowing tobacco seedling raising method |
| CN102783348A (en) * | 2012-08-29 | 2012-11-21 | 贵州省烟草科学研究所 | Laborsaving cost-reducing direct-seeding cultivation method for tobacco |
| CN103340083A (en) * | 2013-07-23 | 2013-10-09 | 云南省烟草农业科学研究院 | Flue-cured tobacco cultivation method fitting in with light environment of Yunnan tobacco-growing area |
| CN103444399A (en) * | 2013-08-23 | 2013-12-18 | 中国烟草总公司重庆市公司巫山分公司 | Tobacco cultivating method |
-
2014
- 2014-04-14 CN CN201410145424.7A patent/CN103918444A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20110162116A1 (en) * | 2008-06-16 | 2011-06-30 | Holman Edwin Henricus Antonius | Method For Growing Plants |
| CN102124894A (en) * | 2010-12-27 | 2011-07-20 | 山东临沂烟草有限公司 | Technical method for cultivating cured tobaccos under mulching film |
| CN102511333A (en) * | 2011-12-16 | 2012-06-27 | 山东临沂烟草有限公司 | Root-limiting direct-sowing tobacco seedling tray and root-limiting direct-sowing tobacco seedling raising method |
| CN102783348A (en) * | 2012-08-29 | 2012-11-21 | 贵州省烟草科学研究所 | Laborsaving cost-reducing direct-seeding cultivation method for tobacco |
| CN103340083A (en) * | 2013-07-23 | 2013-10-09 | 云南省烟草农业科学研究院 | Flue-cured tobacco cultivation method fitting in with light environment of Yunnan tobacco-growing area |
| CN103444399A (en) * | 2013-08-23 | 2013-12-18 | 中国烟草总公司重庆市公司巫山分公司 | Tobacco cultivating method |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104255102A (en) * | 2014-10-22 | 2015-01-07 | 湖北省烟草公司恩施州公司 | Method for utilizing carbonized tobacco straws returned to field to improve tobacco planting soil |
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Application publication date: 20140716 |