CN103915423A - 一种芯片三维堆叠封装结构及封装方法 - Google Patents
一种芯片三维堆叠封装结构及封装方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种芯片三维堆叠封装结构,实现了芯片在基板上的多层堆叠,保证了完成整个封装后结构的平衡,有效避免了封装结构的翘曲和内部芯片的碎裂,其包括PCB基板,其特征在于:所述PCB基板上设置有窗口,所述PCB基板上堆叠有多层芯片,所述多层芯片中的部分芯片套装在所述窗口内,本发明同时还提供了一种芯片三维堆叠封装结构的封装方法。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及微电子行业基板封装技术领域,具体涉及一种芯片三维堆叠封装结构及封装方法。
背景技术
当前半导体封装发展的趋势是越来越多的向高频、多芯片模块(MCM)方向发展。集成不同芯片堆叠而成的3D IC将成为主流发展趋势,系统集成(SiP)封装,堆叠封装(PiP, PoP)所占的市场份额也逐年增加,2.5D/3D TSV技术也处于准备量产阶段。由于封装外形尺寸的限制,在一个封装体内放入不同功能模块的封装体(芯片或者塑封好的package),封装体外形尺寸不可能做的很大,因此,芯片在高度方向的堆叠是一个大的趋势。目前已经存在众多可供应用的堆叠芯片封装结构,在其中的一些结构中包含了不同尺寸的芯片,并以金字塔的形式逐层往上堆叠。另外一部分结构则使用相同尺寸的芯片逐层往上堆叠。此外,还有一种对不同尺寸的芯片进行堆叠的方法,它在上部芯片和底层芯片间插入了一个间隔层,以产生芯片的悬空(over-hang)结构。见图1,由于芯片2在高度方向上的堆叠和塑封只处于封装基板1的一面,在完成整个封装后结构不平衡,容易产生结构内部应力的集中,从而导致结构产生翘曲和内部芯片的碎裂。
发明内容
针对上述问题,本发明提供了一种芯片三维堆叠封装结构,实现了芯片在基板上的多面堆叠,保证了完成整个封装后结构的平衡,有效避免了封装结构的翘曲和内部芯片的碎裂,本发明同时还提供了一种芯片三维堆叠封装结构的封装方法。
其技术方案如下:
一种芯片三维堆叠封装结构,其包括PCB基板,其特征在于:所述PCB基板上设置有窗口,所述PCB基板上封装堆叠有多层芯片,所述多层芯片中的部分芯片套装在所述窗口内。
其进一步特征在于:所述多层芯片中上层芯片的长度长于所述多层芯片中下层芯片长度,所述多层芯片中上层芯片与所述PCB基板间通过第一焊球连接;所述PCB基板上与所述第一焊球对应面设置有第二焊球;所述多层芯片间通过粘结连接;所述上层芯片连接所述PCB基板;所述芯片通过金属引线连接所述PCB基板;所述多层芯片通过塑封材料连接所述PCB基板,成型塑封结构,形成芯片的密封。
一种芯片三维堆叠封装结构的封装方法,其包括以下步骤:
(1)、在PCB基板设计过程中,预先留出开窗位置,在PCB基板制造过程中,将这些开窗位置进行开窗处理;
(2)、芯片贴装,完成层芯片与基板之间的电学连接;
(3)、芯片贴装,在PCB基板开窗位置,完成芯片之间的物理结构连接;
(4)、芯片金属引线连接,以实现芯片与PCB基板的信号互联;
(5)、整体塑封,形成环境保护;
(6)、器件植球,形成信号回路;
其进一步特征在于,步骤(2)中,芯片通过焊球与PCB基板上面的焊盘一一对位互联,以达到信号互联;
步骤(3)中,芯片之间通过粘结连接;
步骤(4)中,金属引线通过芯片上的焊接pad焊接连接PCB基板;
步骤(5)中,采用上下模分离的模具结构,将整个结构一并塑封起来,实现一次塑封整体结构;
步骤(6)中,在PCB基板的背面进行锡球焊接,完成整个封装工艺,焊球高度需要大于塑封高度。
采用本发明是的上述结构中,由于PCB基板上设置有窗口, PCB基板上堆叠有多层芯片,多层芯片中的部分芯片套装在所述窗口内,使得整体封装结构相对对称,保证了完成整个封装后结构的平衡,有效避免了封装结构的翘曲和内部芯片的碎裂,提高产品可靠性。
附图说明
图1为现有的芯片三维堆叠封装结构示意图;
图2为本发明芯片三维堆叠封装结构结构示意图;
图3为基板结构加工示意图;
图4为芯片贴装示意图;
图5为多层芯片贴装工示意图;
图6为芯片金属引线焊接示意图;
图7为芯片整体塑封示意图;
图8为器件植球示意图。
具体实施方式
以下结合附图来对发明进行详细描述,但是本实施方式并不限于本发明,本领域的普通技术人员根据本实施方式所做出的结构、方法或者功能上的变换,均包含在本发明的保护范围内
见图2,一种三维堆叠封装结构,其包括PCB基板1, PCB基板1上设置有窗口2, PCB基板1上堆叠有多层芯片,多层芯片间相互粘结连接,多层芯片中上层芯片3的长度长于多层芯片中下层芯片5的长度,多层芯片中的下层芯片5套装在窗口2内,多层芯片中上层芯片3与PCB基板1间通过第一焊球4连接; PCB基板1上与第一焊球4对应面设置有第二焊球9,下层芯片5通过金属引线7连接PCB基板1,以实现下层芯片5与PCB基板1的信号互联,上层芯片3与下层芯片5通过塑封材料连接PCB基板1,成型塑封结构8,形成对芯片的密封。
本发明同时还提供了一种三维堆叠封装结构的封装方法,其包括以下步骤:
见图3,(1)、基板结构加工,在PCB基板1设计过程中,预先留出开窗位置,成型窗口2,在PCB制造过程中,将这些开窗位置进行开窗处理;
见图4,(2)、芯片贴装,完成上层芯片3与PCB基板1之间的电学连接。将倒装的上层芯片3上的第一焊球4与PCB基板1上面的焊盘一一对位互联,以达到信号互联。
见图5,(3)、芯片贴装,完成上层芯片3与下层芯片5之间的物理结构连接。 在PCB基板开窗位置2,通过粘合剂,将上层芯片3与下层芯片5进行物理结构上的粘结。下层芯片5上面的焊接pad6向下,面向PCB基板1的背面;
见图6,(4)、芯片金属引线7焊接,以实现下层芯片5与PCB基板1的信号互联。在金属引线焊接时,下层芯片5的焊接pad6面向下,与PCB基板1的背面的焊接点相互连接,实现信号之间的互联。
见图7,(5)、整体塑封,形成环境保护。 在塑封的时候,选用上下模分离的模具结构,将整个结构一并塑封起来,实现一次塑封结构8;
见图8,(6)、器件植球,形成信号回路。在PCB基板1的背面进行第二焊球9焊接,完成整个封装工艺。 另外,在器件的塑封和进行第二焊球9焊接的时候,在基板的背面方向。最后的第二焊球9高度需要大于塑封结构8高度,以方便在后续的工艺中,器件整体焊接在PCB主板上面的实现。
本发明的优势如下:
(1)、本发明采用在上下两个方向各自贴装芯片,并进行一次性塑封,封装结构相对对称,有利于降低封装体的翘曲情况,提高产品可靠性。
(2)、本发明无需进行底填工艺,可直接保证小间隙封装体完全一次性塑封。
(3)、本发明只需在基板制造过程中加入开槽,工艺简单,操作方便。
(4)、本发明由于减少了塑封料的流动距离,提高了整个结构的可塑封性能 。
(5)、本发明由于采用双面贴装芯片的方案,封装结构在高度方向可适当减薄,整个封装厚度较小。
Claims (10)
1.一种芯片三维堆叠封装结构,其包括PCB基板,其特征在于:所述PCB基板上设置有窗口,所述PCB基板上堆叠有多层芯片,所述多层芯片中的部分芯片套装在所述窗口内。
2.根据权利要求1所述的芯片三维堆叠封装结构,其特征在于:所述多层芯片中上层芯片的长度长于所述多层芯片中下层芯片长度,所述多层芯片中上层芯片与所述PCB基板间通过第一焊球连接。
3.根据权利要求2所述的芯片三维堆叠封装结构,其特征在于:所述PCB基板上与所述第一焊球对应面设置有第二焊球,所述芯片通过金属引线连接所述PCB基板,所述多层芯片通过塑封材料连接所述PCB基板,形成芯片的密封。
4.根据权利要求1所述的芯片三维堆叠封装结构,其特征在于:所述多层芯片间通过粘结连接。
5.一种权利要求1所述的芯片三维堆叠封装结构的封装方法,其特征在于:其包括以下步骤:
(1)、在PCB基板设计过程中,预先留出开窗位置,在PCB基板制造过程中,将这些开窗位置进行开窗处理;
(2)、芯片贴装,完成层芯片与基板之间的电学连接;
(3)、芯片贴装,在PCB基板开窗位置,完成芯片之间的物理结构连接;
(4)、芯片金属引线连接,以实现芯片与PCB基板的信号互联;
(5)、整体塑封,形成环境保护;
(6)、器件植球,形成信号回路。
6.根据权利要求5所述的芯片三维堆叠封装结构的封装方法,其特征在于:步骤(2)中,芯片通过焊球与PCB基板上面的焊盘一一对位互联,以达到信号互联。
7.根据权利要求5所述的芯片三维堆叠封装结构的封装方法,其特征在于:步骤(3)中,芯片之间通过粘结连接。
8.根据权利要求5所述的芯片三维堆叠封装结构的封装方法,其特征在于:步骤(4)中,金属引线通过芯片上的焊接pad焊接连接PCB基板。
9.根据权利要求5所述的芯片三维堆叠封装结构的封装方法,其特征在于:步骤(5)中,采用上下模分离的模具结构,将整个结构一并塑封起来,实现一次塑封整体结构。
10.根据权利要求5所述的芯片三维堆叠封装结构的封装方法,其特征在于:步骤(6)中,在PCB基板的背面进行锡球焊接,完成整个封装工艺,焊球高度需要大于塑封高度。
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WO2017117909A1 (zh) * | 2016-01-07 | 2017-07-13 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | 一种移动终端及其封装芯片 |
WO2018205625A1 (zh) * | 2017-05-10 | 2018-11-15 | 叶秀慧 | 薄型化双芯片的叠接封装结构 |
CN109887900A (zh) * | 2019-03-08 | 2019-06-14 | 中国科学院微电子研究所 | 带有软硬结合板的大尺寸芯片系统封装结构及其制作方法 |
CN110759311A (zh) * | 2019-10-29 | 2020-02-07 | 太极半导体(苏州)有限公司 | 一种基于窗口式基板的无引线mems芯片封装结构及其工艺 |
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