CN102263078A - 一种wlcsp封装件 - Google Patents

一种wlcsp封装件 Download PDF

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CN102263078A
CN102263078A CN2011101577934A CN201110157793A CN102263078A CN 102263078 A CN102263078 A CN 102263078A CN 2011101577934 A CN2011101577934 A CN 2011101577934A CN 201110157793 A CN201110157793 A CN 201110157793A CN 102263078 A CN102263078 A CN 102263078A
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chip
wlcsp
salient point
metal salient
packaging component
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郭小伟
刘建军
陈欣
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XI'AN TIANSHENG ELECTRONICS CO Ltd
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XI'AN TIANSHENG ELECTRONICS CO Ltd
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    • HELECTRICITY
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    • H01L2224/10Bump connectors; Manufacturing methods related thereto
    • H01L2224/15Structure, shape, material or disposition of the bump connectors after the connecting process
    • H01L2224/16Structure, shape, material or disposition of the bump connectors after the connecting process of an individual bump connector
    • H01L2224/161Disposition
    • H01L2224/16151Disposition the bump connector connecting between a semiconductor or solid-state body and an item not being a semiconductor or solid-state body, e.g. chip-to-substrate, chip-to-passive
    • H01L2224/16221Disposition the bump connector connecting between a semiconductor or solid-state body and an item not being a semiconductor or solid-state body, e.g. chip-to-substrate, chip-to-passive the body and the item being stacked
    • H01L2224/16245Disposition the bump connector connecting between a semiconductor or solid-state body and an item not being a semiconductor or solid-state body, e.g. chip-to-substrate, chip-to-passive the body and the item being stacked the item being metallic
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    • H01L2224/42Wire connectors; Manufacturing methods related thereto
    • H01L2224/44Structure, shape, material or disposition of the wire connectors prior to the connecting process
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    • H01L2224/45001Core members of the connector
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    • H01L2224/451Material with a principal constituent of the material being a metal or a metalloid, e.g. boron (B), silicon (Si), germanium (Ge), arsenic (As), antimony (Sb), tellurium (Te) and polonium (Po), and alloys thereof
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    • H01L2224/42Wire connectors; Manufacturing methods related thereto
    • H01L2224/44Structure, shape, material or disposition of the wire connectors prior to the connecting process
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    • H01L2224/45099Material
    • H01L2224/451Material with a principal constituent of the material being a metal or a metalloid, e.g. boron (B), silicon (Si), germanium (Ge), arsenic (As), antimony (Sb), tellurium (Te) and polonium (Po), and alloys thereof
    • H01L2224/45138Material with a principal constituent of the material being a metal or a metalloid, e.g. boron (B), silicon (Si), germanium (Ge), arsenic (As), antimony (Sb), tellurium (Te) and polonium (Po), and alloys thereof the principal constituent melting at a temperature of greater than or equal to 950°C and less than 1550°C
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    • H01L2224/48Structure, shape, material or disposition of the wire connectors after the connecting process of an individual wire connector
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    • H01L2224/4809Loop shape
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    • H01L2224/42Wire connectors; Manufacturing methods related thereto
    • H01L2224/47Structure, shape, material or disposition of the wire connectors after the connecting process
    • H01L2224/48Structure, shape, material or disposition of the wire connectors after the connecting process of an individual wire connector
    • H01L2224/481Disposition
    • H01L2224/48151Connecting between a semiconductor or solid-state body and an item not being a semiconductor or solid-state body, e.g. chip-to-substrate, chip-to-passive
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    • H01L2224/48247Connecting between a semiconductor or solid-state body and an item not being a semiconductor or solid-state body, e.g. chip-to-substrate, chip-to-passive the body and the item being stacked the item being metallic connecting the wire to a bond pad of the item
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    • H01L2224/732Location after the connecting process
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    • H01L2924/15Details of package parts other than the semiconductor or other solid state devices to be connected
    • H01L2924/181Encapsulation

Abstract

一种WLCSP封装件,封装件包括第一IC芯片,第一IC芯片的压区表面设有金属凸点,金属凸点与框架内引脚上的锡层用焊料焊接在一起,第一IC芯片、金属凸点、焊料、锡层、框架内引脚构成了电路的电源和信号通道,该封装件的生产方法采用化学镀法,在芯片压区表面生成2~50um左右的NiPdAu或NiPd的金属凸点层,不再采用传统的溅射、光刻、电镀或丝网印刷,具有成本低、效率高的特点。

Description

一种WLCSP封装件
技术领域
本发明属于集成电路封装技术领域的一种封装件,具体涉及一种WLCSP封装件。
背景技术
微电子技术的迅猛发展,集成电路复杂度的增加,一个电子系统的大部分功能都可能集成在一个单芯片内,即片上系统,这就相应地要求微电子封装具有更高的性能、更多的引线、更密的内连线、更小的尺寸或更大的芯片腔、更大的热耗散功能、更好的电性能、更高的可靠性、更低的单个引线成本等。芯片封装工艺由逐个芯片封装向圆片级封装转变,晶圆片级芯片封装技术——WLCSP正好满足了这些要求,形成了引人注目的WLCSP工艺。
晶圆片级芯片规模封装(Wafer Level Chip Scale Packaging,简称WLCSP),即晶圆级芯片封装方式,不同于传统的芯片封装方式,传统的芯片封装方式先切割再封测,而封装后至少增加原芯片20%的体积,此种最新技术是先在整片晶圆上进行封装和测试,然后才切割成一个个的IC颗粒,因此封装后的体积即等同IC裸晶的原尺寸。WLCSP的封装方式,不仅明显地缩小内存模块尺寸,而符合行动装置对于机体空间的高密度需求;另一方面在效能的表现上,更提升了数据传输的速度与稳定性。传统的WLCSP工艺中,采用溅射、光刻、电镀技术或丝网印刷在晶圆上进行电路的刻印。
以下流程是对已经完成前道工艺的晶圆进行WLCSP封装的操作步骤:
1、隔离层流程(Isolation Layer);
2、接触孔流程(Contact Hole);
3、焊盘下金属层流程(UBM Layer);
4、为电镀作准备的光刻流程(Photolithography for Plating);
5、电镀流程(Plating);
6、阻挡层去除流程(Resist Romoval)。
传统WLCSP制作过程复杂,对电镀和光刻的精确度要求极高,且成本较高。
发明内容
为了克服上述现有技术的缺点,本发明的目的在于提供一种WLCSP封装件,具有生产成本低、效率高的特点。
为了达到上述目的,本发明采取的技术方案为:
一种WLCSP封装件,包括第一IC芯片,第一IC芯片的压区表面采用化学镀法生成镍钯金或镍钯的金属凸点,金属凸点与框架内引脚上的锡层用焊料焊接在一起。
所述的第一IC芯片的另一面通过粘片胶或胶膜片和第二IC芯片的非工作面粘接在一起,第二IC芯片的工作面通过键合线分别与框架内引脚和焊料连接。
一种WLCSP封装件的生产方法,分为单芯片封装和双芯片封装。
流程1-单芯片封装,具体步骤如下:
晶圆减薄→化学镀金属凸点→划片→框架对应区域镀锡层→上芯→回流焊→塑封→后固化→锡化→打印→产品分离→检验→包装→入库。
1、减薄
减薄厚度50μm~200μm,粗糙度Ra 0.10mm~0.05mm;
2、化学镀金属凸点
采用化学镀法在整片晶圆上芯片压区金属Al或Cu表面生成2~50um左右的镍钯金或镍钯的金属凸点层。它取代了传统的溅射、光刻、电镀或丝网印刷工艺,具有低成本、高效率的特点;
3、划片
150μm以上晶圆同普通划片工艺,但厚度在150μm以下晶圆,使用双刀划片机及其工艺;
4、框架对应区域镀锡层
在框架内引脚上PAD对应区域电镀一层2~50um的锡层;
5、上芯
上芯时,把芯片倒过来,采用Flip-Chip的工艺,将芯片上的凸点焊在框架上,这里不使用DAF膜粘接,而是采用焊料将芯片各凸点与框架管脚焊接;压焊时,不用打线,在上芯站中就已经完成了芯片与管脚间的导通、互连;
6、回流焊
类似于SMT之后的回流焊工艺,其作用是融锡的过程,目的是把IC芯片压区上的金属凸点很好的与框架内引脚焊接在一起;
7、塑封、后固化、打印、产品分离、检验、包装等均与常规工艺相同;
8、锡化。
若为镍钯金框架则不用做锡化。
流程2-双芯片堆叠封装,具体步骤如下:
晶圆减薄→化学镀金属凸点→划片→框架对应区域镀锡层→上芯→回流焊→压焊→塑封→后固化→锡化→打印→产品分离→检验→包装→入库。
1、减薄、化学镀金属凸点、框架对应区域镀锡层、回流焊工艺同流程1(单芯片封装)中减薄、化学镀金属凸点、框架对应区域镀锡层、回流焊工艺;
2、上芯
上芯时,下层IC芯片(压区有金属凸点的芯片)倒过来,采用Flip-Chip的工艺,将芯片上的凸点焊在框架上,这里不使用DAF膜粘接,而是采用焊料将芯片各凸点与框架管脚焊接;上层芯片采用粘片胶或胶膜片(DAF膜)与下层芯片粘接在一起;
3、压焊
该步骤只需对上层芯片与框架内引脚之间用焊线(金线或铜线)进行连接;
4、塑封、后固化、打印、产品分离、检验、包装等均与常规工艺相同;
5、锡化。
若为镍钯金框架则不用做锡化。
该封装件的生产方法采用化学镀法,在芯片压区表面生成2~50um左右的NiPdAu或NiPd的金属凸点层,不再采用传统的溅射、光刻、电镀或丝网印刷,具有成本低、效率高的特点。同时在框架对应区域电镀一层2~50um左右的Sn层,上芯时,通过Flip-Chip(倒装芯片)的工艺将芯片在框架上装配好,采用焊料将芯片压区各金属凸点与框架管脚焊接,再回流焊形成有效连接。
附图说明
图1为本发明单芯片封装塑封件的剖面图;
图2为本发明多芯片堆叠封装封塑件的剖面图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明作详细描述。
本发明可用于单芯片封装也可用于多芯片堆叠式封装。
采用单芯片封装时,参照图1,一种WLCSP封装件包括:框架内引脚1、框架内引脚上锡层2、焊料3、金属凸点4、第一IC芯片5、塑封体9,框架内引脚1上与金属凸点4焊接区域电镀一层锡层2,第一IC芯片5的压区表面采用化学镀法生成镍钯金或镍钯的金属凸点4,金属凸点4与框架内引脚上锡层2用焊料3焊接在一起,框架内引脚1上是锡层2,锡层2上是焊料3,焊料3上是金属凸点4、金属凸点4上是第一IC芯片5、塑封体9包围了框架内引脚1、锡层2、焊料3、金属凸点4、第一IC芯片5构成了电路的整体,塑封体9对第一IC芯片5起到了支撑和保护作用,第一IC芯片5、金属凸点4、焊料3、锡层2、框架内引脚1构成了电路的电源和信号通道。
用于多芯片堆叠式封装时,参照图2,一种WLCSP封装件包括:框架内引脚1、框架内引脚上锡层2、焊料3、金属凸点4、第一IC芯片5、粘片胶或胶膜片6、第二IC芯片7、键合线8、塑封体9。一种WLCSP封装件,包括第一IC芯片5,第一IC芯片5的压区表面采用化学镀法生成镍钯金或镍钯的金属凸点4,金属凸点4与框架内引脚1上的锡层2用焊料3焊接在一起,第一IC芯片5的另一面通过粘片胶或胶膜片6和第二IC芯片7的非工作面粘接在一起,第二IC芯片7的工作面通过键合线8分别与框架内引脚1和焊料3连接。塑封体9包围了框架内引脚1、第一IC芯片5、第二IC芯片7、粘片胶或胶膜片(DAF)6、金属凸点4、锡层2、焊料3、键合线8构成了电路整体。并且塑封体9对第一IC芯片5、第二IC芯片7、键合线8起到了支撑和保护作用,第一IC芯片5、第二IC芯片7、键合线8、金属凸点4、焊料3、锡层2和框架内引脚1构成了电路的电源和信号通道。
一种WLCSP封装件的生产方法,分为单芯片封装和双芯片封装。
流程1-单芯片封装,具体步骤如下:
晶圆减薄→化学镀金属凸点→划片→框架对应区域镀锡层→上芯→回流焊→塑封→后固化→锡化→打印→产品分离→检验→包装→入库。
1、减薄
减薄厚度50μm~200μm,粗糙度Ra 0.10mm~0.05mm;
2、化学镀金属凸点
采用化学镀法在整片晶圆上芯片压区金属Al或Cu表面生成2~50um左右的镍钯金或镍钯的金属凸点层。它取代了传统的溅射、光刻、电镀或丝网印刷工艺,具有低成本、高效率的特点;
3、划片
150μm以上晶圆同普通划片工艺,但厚度在150μm以下晶圆,使用双刀划片机及其工艺;
4、框架对应区域镀锡层
在框架内引脚上PAD对应区域电镀一层2~50um的锡层;
5、上芯
上芯时,把芯片倒过来,采用Flip-Chip的工艺,将芯片上的凸点焊在框架上,这里不使用DAF膜粘接,而是采用焊料将芯片各凸点与框架管脚焊接;压焊时,不用打线,在上芯站中就已经完成了芯片与管脚间的导通、互连;
6、回流焊
类似于SMT之后的回流焊工艺,其作用是融锡的过程,目的是把IC芯片压区上的金属凸点很好的与框架内引脚焊接在一起;
7、塑封、后固化、打印、产品分离、检验、包装等均与常规工艺相同;
8、锡化。
若为镍钯金框架则不用做锡化。
流程2-双芯片堆叠封装,具体步骤如下:
晶圆减薄→化学镀金属凸点→划片→框架对应区域镀锡层→上芯→回流焊→压焊→塑封→后固化→锡化→打印→产品分离→检验→包装→入库。
1、减薄、化学镀金属凸点、框架对应区域镀锡层、回流焊工艺同流程1(单芯片封装)中减薄、化学镀金属凸点、框架对应区域镀锡层、回流焊工艺;
2、上芯
上芯时,下层IC芯片(压区有金属凸点的芯片)倒过来,采用Flip-Chip的工艺,将芯片上的凸点焊在框架上,这里不使用DAF膜粘接,而是采用焊料将芯片各凸点与框架管脚焊接;上层芯片采用粘片胶或胶膜片(DAF膜)与下层芯片粘接在一起;
3、压焊
该步骤只需对上层芯片与框架内引脚之间用焊线(金线或铜线)进行连接;
4、塑封、后固化、打印、产品分离、检验、包装等均与常规工艺相同;
5、锡化。若为镍钯金框架则不用做锡化。

Claims (2)

1.一种WLCSP封装件,包括第一IC芯片(5),其特征在于:第一IC芯片(5)的压区表面采用化学镀法生成镍钯金或镍钯的金属凸点(4),金属凸点(4)与框架内引脚(1)上的锡层(2)用焊料(3)焊接在一起。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种WLCSP封装件,其特征在于:所述的第一IC芯片(5)的另一面通过粘片胶或胶膜片(6)和第二IC芯片(7)的非工作面粘接在一起,第二IC芯片(7)的工作面通过键合线(8)分别与框架内引脚(1)和焊料(3)连接。
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CN102842561A (zh) * 2012-08-21 2012-12-26 华天科技(西安)有限公司 一种wlcsp单芯片封装件及其塑封方法
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CN102842551A (zh) * 2012-08-21 2012-12-26 华天科技(西安)有限公司 一种基于基板、锡膏层的wlcsp多芯片堆叠式封装件及其封装方法
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CN102842562A (zh) * 2012-08-21 2012-12-26 华天科技(西安)有限公司 一种基于基板的wlcsp单芯片封装件及其塑封方法
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CN102842554A (zh) * 2012-08-21 2012-12-26 华天科技(西安)有限公司 一种基于镍钯金或镍钯、锡层的wlcsp单芯片封装件及其封装方法
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CN102842570A (zh) * 2012-08-21 2012-12-26 华天科技(西安)有限公司 一种基于镍钯金或镍钯、锡层的多芯片封装件及其封装方法
CN102842571A (zh) * 2012-08-21 2012-12-26 华天科技(西安)有限公司 一种基于基板、锡层的wlcsp多芯片堆叠式封装件及其封装方法
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