CN103907787B - One boar food and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

One boar food and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN103907787B
CN103907787B CN201410144997.8A CN201410144997A CN103907787B CN 103907787 B CN103907787 B CN 103907787B CN 201410144997 A CN201410144997 A CN 201410144997A CN 103907787 B CN103907787 B CN 103907787B
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supernatant
precipitate
protein product
precipitation
enzyme
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CN103907787A (en
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刘云香
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Jiangmen Haihe Feed Co ltd
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YIWU HEAN AGRICULTURAL TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P60/00Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
    • Y02P60/80Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
    • Y02P60/87Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production

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Abstract

The present invention one boar food and preparation method thereof, comprises the following steps: by micro-algae wet thallus of collection successively through superheated water and centrifugal treating, obtain supernatant A and precipitate A, precipitate A, successively through enzyme-added and centrifugal treating, obtains supernatant B and precipitate B, concentrate after supernatant A and supernatant B are mixed, and add 4 DEG C of cold ethanol standing more than 12 hours, mixed liquor is carried out filtration and obtain Thick many candies precipitation, in step 3, gained Thick many candies precipitation is dissolved in water, de-albumen process, be separated into albumen precipitation and Deproteinated polysaccharide solution, albumen precipitation obtains crude protein product by freeze drying or oven dry, step 5: isolate the middle thalline containing high protein product from precipitate B, carry out being mixed and made into pig feed according to following mass ratio: the crude protein product that 5-10 part obtains and/or the middle thalline of 5-10 part are through dried high protein product, 61-65 part corn, 1-6 part wheat bran, 12-25 part dregs of beans, 1-16 part yellow wine lees, 0.1-0.5 part stone flour, 0.01-0.1 part sodium bicarbonate, 1-1.6 part calcium monohydrogen phosphate and 0.01-0.05 part essence.

Description

One boar food and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The present patent application is December 31 2012 applying date, and application number is: 201210588607.7, the divisional application of the application for a patent for invention that name is called " boar food and preparation method thereof ".The present invention relates to boar food and preparation method thereof, especially a kind of pig feed that can be used for pig, ox or sheep edible and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Prevailing along with scientific cultivation, people have had more deep awareness and understanding for the cultivation of domestic animal, how to improve the survival rate of domestic animal, reduce the generation of disease, and accelerating its growth rate and improve meat quality, is the urgent inquisitive problems of numerous cultivation dealers.
As everyone knows, the body weight 60 kilogram of pig is delivered for sale for the stage of fattening, this in stage pig each organ, system function perfect all gradually, especially digestive system has had and has developed on a large scale very much, is all greatly improved to the abilities of digestive and absorption of all feeds.Nervous system and body resistance to external world also progressively improves, and this adipose tissue growth of pig vigorous in stage, but now lean meat percentage reduces, and carcass quality is deteriorated.The needs of protein are more complicated, in order to obtain best fattening effect, not only will meet the demand of albumen quality, also will consider must the equilibrium of balance between amino acid and utilization rate and minerals and vitamins, if feed collocation is unreasonable, the growth demand of large pig cannot be met.
Existing pig feed is all come from cereal crops, does not use algae as raw material, causes a large amount of foodstuff wastes, is unfavorable for the demand of human survival.
Summary of the invention
The present invention devises boar food and preparation method thereof, and its technical problem solved is (1) to ensure that the protein content in existing pig feed needs to use a large amount of dregs of beans and corn, and is not easily fully absorbed by animal.(2) existing pig feed is all come from cereal crops, does not come from algae, causes a large amount of foodstuff wastes, is unfavorable for the demand of human survival.
In order to solve the technical problem of above-mentioned existence, present invention employs following scheme:
One boar food preparation method, comprises the following steps:
Step 1: by micro-algae or micro-algae wet thallus successively through hot water treatment and centrifugal treating, obtain supernatant A and precipitate A; Wherein, the mass ratio of hot water and micro-algae or micro-algae wet thallus is 20-30:1;
Step 2: precipitate A through adding ferment treatment and centrifugal treating, obtains supernatant B and precipitate B successively; Wherein, the mass ratio of precipitate A and enzyme is 40-100:1;
Step 3: concentrate after supernatant A and supernatant B are mixed, and add 4 DEG C of cold ethanol and mix more than 12 hours, mixed liquor is carried out filtration and obtain Thick many candies precipitation; Wherein, the cumulative volume of supernatant A and supernatant B is concentrated to 1/5-1/4 of original volume, and the volume adding cold ethanol is concentrated rear supernatant A and supernatant B cumulative volume 3-5 times;
Step 4: in step 3, gained Thick many candies precipitation is dissolved in water, de-albumen process, be separated into albumen precipitation and Deproteinated polysaccharide solution, albumen precipitation obtains crude protein product by freeze drying or oven dry; Polysaccharide solution after de-albumen can carry out decolouring and obtain refined polysaccharide;
Step 5: be after 10-12 by the bacteria suspension adjust ph of gained precipitate B in step 2,70-80 DEG C of insulation 1-2h, then the sodium chloride solution of 0.8% concentration and the mixed liquor of n-hexane and ethanol is added, finally make n-hexane: ethanol: the volume ratio of water is 2:4:1.5, concussion 10min, leaves standstill and is divided into three layers and is followed successively by from top to bottom: n-hexane phase, middle thalline phase and alcohol aqueous phase; N-hexane can obtain uranidin mutually;
Step 6: carry out being mixed and made into pig feed according to following mass ratio: the crude protein product that 5-10 part step 4 obtains and/or the middle thalline of 5-10 part step 5 are through dried high protein product, 61-65 part corn, 1-6 part wheat bran, 12-25 part dregs of beans, 1-16 part yellow wine lees, 0.1-0.5 part stone flour, 0.01-0.1 part sodium bicarbonate, 1-1.6 part calcium monohydrogen phosphate and 0.01-0.05 part essence.
Further, micro-algae is for being chlorella, spirulina or grid algae; Micro-algae wet thallus is chlorella thalline, spirulina thalline or grid phycomycete body.
Further, the hot water temperature in step 1 and processing time are respectively 90-100 DEG C and 0.5-2h.
Further, the enzyme in step 2 is selected from one or more combinations in neutral proteinase, alkali protease and cellulase; Cellulose enzyme activity is 1200-1500U/g, and neutral proteinase enzyme is lived as 59000-60000U/g, and the work of alkali protease enzyme is 2 × 10 5-2.02 × 10 5u/g.
Further, in the pig feed of the final gained of step 6, also trace element is added.
Further, the mass fraction of trace element is according to following ratio: 0.4-0.6 portion of terramycin, 0.2-1.5 part copper sulphate, 0.2-1.5 part ferrous sulfate, 0.3-1.8 part zinc sulfate and 1-2 portions of salt.
This invention also comprises the pig feed obtained by above-mentioned 6 kinds of preparation methods.
This pig feed and preparation method thereof, compared with traditional pig feed and preparation method thereof, has following beneficial effect:
(1) the present invention by isolating crude protein product and high protein product from algae, make protein content in pig feed higher than conventional feed, for animal feeding provides enough protein, simultaneously this protein derive from algae, thus can reduce corn and dregs of beans use amount.
(2) pig feed of the present invention is not only applicable to in-pig, milking sow, grower pigs, fattening pig and large pig, can allow their quick, healthy growths, but also reduce the cost of pig feed, because containing vinasse inside this pig feed, vinasse can replace part corn, dregs of beans, save grain, and pig also enjoys a lot to eat the feed containing vinasse.
(3) design hot water treatment of the present invention is as preprocessing means, increases cell permeability, suitably destroys cell wall structure, reduces the use amount of enzyme process action time and enzyme, by hot-water extraction and enzymolysis, obtains product polysaccharide and a small amount of crude protein.
(4) the present invention is except producing pig feed, can carry out decolouring and obtain refined polysaccharide in the polysaccharide solution after its by-product pint albumen.
(5) the present invention is except producing except pig feed, its byproduct n-hexane mutually in can obtain uranidin.
(6) increase trace element in the present invention and can meet the needs of pig growth and development to various mineral matter element, especially can make piggy ramp.
Detailed description of the invention
In conjunction with the following example, the present invention will be further described:
Embodiment 1: select chlorella
By chlorella zymotic fluid with the centrifugal 10min of 4000rpm/min, remove supernatant and obtain chlorella wet thallus, take chlorella wet thallus 1.0g in 100ml conical flask, add 25ml deionized water, 90 DEG C of heating 1.5h, cooling, centrifugal supernatant A and precipitate A.Take 0.065g cellulase, 0.035g neutral proteinase, cellulose enzyme activity is 1200U/g, and neutral proteinase enzyme is lived as 60000U/g, adds the citric acid-sodium citrate buffer of pH=5, and pH=5 is the pH reaction system of optimum enzyme effect selected in experiment.Be settled to 100ml, get 25ml enzyme solutions and join in chlorella wet thallus precipitate A, hydrolysis temperature is 42 DEG C, stirs 4h, 90 DEG C of enzyme 10min that go out.Centrifugal 10min under suspension after hydrolysis is carried out 4000r/min, obtains supernatant B and precipitate B.
Merge supernatant A and supernatant B, this supernatant mixed liquor concentrated is to 1/5 of original volume, and the cold ethanol 4 DEG C of concussions adding 3 times of volumes mix, and leaves standstill 12h, filters to obtain Thick many candies precipitation.
Get the water-soluble solution Thick many candies precipitation of 10ml, regulate pH to 3 with trichloroacetic acid, mixing, leave standstill 2h, add the n-butanol of 15 times of trichloroacetic acid volumes, stir, leave standstill 1h, centrifugal, the aqueous solution reclaims polysaccharide, repeats 2 times.Polysaccharide extract rate 82.3%.With water-soluble solution polysaccharide, carry out adsorption bleaching with the Thick many candies solution of the flow velocity of 2BV/h to 2.5mg/ml, record pigment removal rate 92.4%, polysaccharide retention rate is 88.97%.During pH=3, protein solubility is lower and polysaccharide loss is less, is peak optimization reaction system.The use of n-butanol is also to reduce the water-soluble of protein, crude protein product thus and separation of polysaccharides.Be used alone TCA method herein also passable, increase the number of times repeating to extract.
The NaOH of the bacteria suspension 2mol/L of precipitate B regulates pH to be 11,70 DEG C of reaction 60min, cooling, the volume ratio adding the sodium chloride solution of appropriate 0.8% and the mixed liquor n-hexane of n-hexane and ethanol and ethanol is 2:4, makes final n-hexane: ethanol: the volume ratio of water is 2:4:1.5, concussion 10min, collect n-hexane phase, the n-hexane adding initial 1/3 volume again repeats twice, n-hexane phase A and adds anhydrous sodium sulfate removal minor amount of water, and recycling design also obtains the uranidin such as carrotene.Thalline its crude protein content of high protein product after drying that intermediate layer suspends is 38.7%, and 18 water solution amino acid content is abundant, completely can as being rich in albumen, amino acid whose composition is used as the Some substitute product that protein feed becomes animal's diet feed.
Choose 5 parts of crude protein products, 10 parts of high protein products, 50 parts of corns, 8 parts of wheat brans and 15 parts of dregs of beans, by agitating device, they are fully mixed, the pig feed of high-quality can be become.
Choose 10 parts of crude protein products, 10 parts of high protein products, 65 parts of corns, 6 parts of wheat brans, 25 parts of dregs of beans, 6 parts of yellow wine lees, 0.1 part of stone flour, 0.1 part of sodium bicarbonate, 1 part of calcium monohydrogen phosphate and 0.01 part of essence.By agitating device, they are fully mixed, the pig feed of high-quality can be become.
Embodiment 2: select grid algae
By grid algae zymotic fluid with the centrifugal 10min of 4000rpm/min, remove supernatant and obtain grid phycomycetes body, take grid algae wet thallus 1.0g in 100ml conical flask, add 25ml deionized water, 90 DEG C of heating 1.5h, cooling, centrifugal supernatant A and precipitate A.Take 0.075g cellulase, 0.025g alkali protease, cellulose enzyme activity is 1200U/g, and the work of alkali protease enzyme is 2 × 10 5u/g, the citric acid-sodium citrate buffer adding pH=4 is settled to 100ml, getting 25ml enzyme solutions joins in grid algae wet thallus precipitate A, hydrolysis temperature is 40 DEG C, stir 4h, 90 DEG C of enzyme 10min that go out, centrifugal 10min under the suspension after hydrolysis is carried out 4000r/min, obtains supernatant B and precipitate B.
Merge supernatant A and supernatant B, this supernatant mixed liquor concentrated is to 1/5 of original volume, and the cold ethanol 4 DEG C of concussions adding 3 times of volumes mix, and leaves standstill 12h, filters to obtain Thick many candies precipitation.
Get the water-soluble solution Thick many candies precipitation of 10ml, regulate pH to 3 with trichloroacetic acid, mixing, leave standstill 2h, add the n-butanol of 15 times of trichloroacetic acid volumes, stir, leave standstill 1h, centrifugal, the aqueous solution reclaims polysaccharide, repeats 2 times.Polysaccharide extract rate 82.3%.With water-soluble solution polysaccharide, carry out adsorption bleaching with the Thick many candies solution of the flow velocity of 2BV/h to 2.5mg/ml, record pigment removal rate 92.4%, polysaccharide retention rate is 88.97%.During pH=3, protein solubility is lower and polysaccharide loss is less, is peak optimization reaction system.The use of n-butanol is also to reduce the water-soluble of protein, crude protein product thus and separation of polysaccharides.Be used alone TCA method herein also passable, increase the number of times repeating to extract.
The NaOH of the bacteria suspension 2mol/L of precipitate B regulates pH to be 11,70 DEG C of reaction 60min, cooling, the volume ratio adding the sodium chloride solution of appropriate 0.8% and the mixed liquor n-hexane of n-hexane and ethanol and ethanol is 2:4, makes final n-hexane: ethanol: the volume ratio of water is 2:4:1.5, concussion 10min, collect n-hexane phase, the n-hexane adding initial 1/3 volume again repeats twice, n-hexane phase A and adds anhydrous sodium sulfate removal minor amount of water, and recycling design also obtains the uranidin such as carrotene.Thalline its crude protein content of high protein product after drying that intermediate layer suspends is 38.7%, and 18 water solution amino acid content is abundant, completely can as being rich in albumen, amino acid whose composition is used as the Some substitute product that protein feed becomes animal's diet feed.
Choose 5 parts of crude protein products and 5 parts of high protein products, 61 parts of corns, 3 parts of wheat brans, 20 parts of dregs of beans, 10 parts of yellow wine lees, 0.3 part of stone flour, 0.02 part of sodium bicarbonate, 1 part of calcium monohydrogen phosphate and 0.02 essence.By agitating device, they are fully mixed, the pig feed of high-quality can be become.
Embodiment 3: select spirulina
By spirulina zymotic fluid with the centrifugal 10min of 4000rpm/min, remove supernatant and obtain spiral thalline, take spiral wet thallus 0.8g in 100ml conical flask, add 25ml deionized water, 90 DEG C of heating 1.5h, cooling, centrifugal supernatant A and precipitate A.Take 0.067g neutral proteinase, alkali protease enzyme is lived as 60000U/g, and the citric acid-sodium citrate buffer adding pH=7 is settled to 100ml, gets 20ml enzyme solutions to join in grid algae wet thallus, and hydrolysis temperature is 42 DEG C, stirs 6h, 90 DEG C of enzyme 10min that go out.Centrifugal 10min under suspension after hydrolysis is carried out 4000r/min, obtains supernatant B and precipitate B.
Merge supernatant A and supernatant B, this supernatant mixed liquor concentrated is to 1/5 of original volume, and the cold ethanol 4 DEG C of concussions adding 3 times of volumes mix, and leaves standstill 12h, filters to obtain Thick many candies precipitation.
Get the water-soluble solution Thick many candies precipitation of 10ml, regulate pH to 3 with trichloroacetic acid, mixing, leave standstill 2h, add the n-butanol of 15 times of trichloroacetic acid volumes, stir, leave standstill 1h, centrifugal, the aqueous solution reclaims polysaccharide, repeats 2 times.Polysaccharide extract rate 82.3%.With water-soluble solution polysaccharide, carry out adsorption bleaching with the Thick many candies solution of the flow velocity of 2BV/h to 2.5mg/ml, record pigment removal rate 92.4%, polysaccharide retention rate is 88.97%.During pH=3, protein solubility is lower and polysaccharide loss is less, is peak optimization reaction system.The use of n-butanol is also to reduce the water-soluble of protein, crude protein product thus and separation of polysaccharides.Be used alone TCA method herein also passable, increase the number of times repeating to extract.
The NaOH of the bacteria suspension 2mol/L of precipitate B regulates pH to be 11,70 DEG C of reaction 60min, cooling, the volume ratio adding the sodium chloride solution of appropriate 0.8% and the mixed liquor n-hexane of n-hexane and ethanol and ethanol is 2:4, makes final n-hexane: ethanol: the volume ratio of water is 2:4:1.5, concussion 10min, collect n-hexane phase, the n-hexane adding initial 1/3 volume again repeats twice, n-hexane phase A and adds anhydrous sodium sulfate removal minor amount of water, and recycling design also obtains the uranidin such as carrotene.Thalline its crude protein content of high protein product after drying that intermediate layer suspends is 38.7%, and 18 water solution amino acid content is abundant, completely can as being rich in albumen, amino acid whose composition is used as the Some substitute product that protein feed becomes animal's diet feed.
Choose 10 parts of high protein products, 65 parts of corns, 5 parts of wheat brans, 25 parts of dregs of beans, 10 parts of yellow wine lees, 0.5 part of stone flour, 0.1 part of sodium bicarbonate, 1.6 parts of calcium monohydrogen phosphates, 0.05 essence, 0.6 part of terramycin, 0.2 part of copper sulphate, 0.2 portion of ferrous sulfate, 1.8 parts of zinc sulfate and 1 portion of salt.By agitating device, they are fully mixed, the pig feed of high-quality can be become.
Above in conjunction with the embodiments to invention has been exemplary description; obvious realization of the present invention is not subject to the restrictions described above; as long as have employed the various improvement that method of the present invention is conceived and technical scheme is carried out; or design of the present invention and technical scheme directly applied to other occasion, all in protection scope of the present invention without to improve.

Claims (4)

1. a boar food preparation method, comprises the following steps:
Step 1: by micro-algae wet thallus successively through hot water treatment and centrifugal treating, obtain supernatant A and precipitate A; Wherein, the mass ratio of hot water and micro-algae wet thallus is 20-30:1, and the hot water temperature in step 1 and processing time are respectively 90-100 DEG C and 0.5-2h;
Step 2: precipitate A through adding ferment treatment and centrifugal treating, obtains supernatant B and precipitate B successively; Wherein, the mass ratio of precipitate A and enzyme is 40-100:1;
Step 3: concentrate after supernatant A and supernatant B are mixed, and add 4 DEG C of cold ethanol and mix more than 12 hours, mixed liquor is carried out filtration and obtain Thick many candies precipitation; Wherein, the cumulative volume of supernatant A and supernatant B is concentrated to 1/5-1/4 of original volume, and the volume adding cold ethanol is concentrated rear supernatant A and supernatant B cumulative volume 3-5 times;
Step 4: in step 3, gained Thick many candies precipitation is dissolved in water, de-albumen process, be separated into albumen precipitation and Deproteinated polysaccharide solution, albumen precipitation obtains crude protein product by freeze drying or oven dry;
Step 5: be after 10-12 by the bacteria suspension adjust ph of gained precipitate B in step 2,70-80 DEG C of insulation 1-2h, then the sodium chloride solution of 0.8% concentration and the mixed liquor of n-hexane and ethanol is added, finally make n-hexane: ethanol: the volume ratio of water is 2:4:1.5, concussion 10min, leaves standstill and is divided into three layers and is followed successively by from top to bottom: n-hexane phase A, middle thalline phase and alcohol aqueous phase;
Step 6: carry out being mixed and made into pig feed according to following mass ratio: the crude protein product that 5-10 part step 4 obtains and/or the middle thalline of 5-10 part step 5, through dried high protein product, 61-65 part corn, 1-6 part wheat bran, 12-25 part dregs of beans, 1-16 part yellow wine lees, 0.1-0.5 part stone flour, 0.01-0.1 part sodium bicarbonate, 1-1.6 part calcium monohydrogen phosphate and 0.01-0.05 part essence, also add trace element in the pig feed of the final gained of step 6; The mass fraction of trace element is according to following ratio: 0.4-0.6 portion of terramycin, 0.2-1.5 part copper sulphate, 0.2-1.5 part ferrous sulfate, 0.3-1.8 part zinc sulfate and 1-2 portions of salt.
2. pig feed preparation method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: micro-algae wet thallus is chlorella thalline, spirulina thalline or grid phycomycete body.
3. pig feed preparation method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the enzyme in step 2 is selected from one or more combinations in neutral proteinase, alkali protease and cellulase; Cellulose enzyme activity is 1200-1500U/g, and neutral proteinase enzyme is lived as 59000-60000U/g, and the work of alkali protease enzyme is 2 × 10 5-2.02 × 10 5u/g.
4. the pig feed obtained according to any one preparation method of claims 1 to 3.
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CN103330071A (en) * 2013-06-19 2013-10-02 凤台县盛鹏养殖有限公司 Pig feed containing seasoning additive and preparation method thereof
CN107080045A (en) * 2017-05-25 2017-08-22 甘肃凯源生物技术开发中心 A kind of healthy pig feed of the cultivation containing chlorella and preparation method
CN109463557A (en) * 2018-09-30 2019-03-15 宁国市农诚农业发展有限公司 A kind of high protein antibacterial chicken feed and preparation method thereof
CN109588569A (en) * 2019-01-30 2019-04-09 南京致润生物科技有限公司 A kind of animal protein-free source pig daily ration and its application using fermented bean dregs preparation
CN110279038A (en) * 2019-07-06 2019-09-27 曾楚华 One kind containing phycocyanin pannage and preparation method thereof

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Inventor after: Tang Baolin

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