CN103903671B - 一种铜包铝线缆及其制造方法 - Google Patents

一种铜包铝线缆及其制造方法 Download PDF

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CN103903671B
CN103903671B CN201410120392.5A CN201410120392A CN103903671B CN 103903671 B CN103903671 B CN 103903671B CN 201410120392 A CN201410120392 A CN 201410120392A CN 103903671 B CN103903671 B CN 103903671B
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copper
aluminum cable
core bar
cover aluminum
fine aluminium
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CN103903671A (zh
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谢国锋
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Jiangsu Guangchuan Superconducting Technology Co., Ltd
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ZHANGJIAGANG CITY GUANGCHUAN ELECTRONIC Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种可以减少铜的用量、并能紧密包覆的铜包铝线缆,包括铝的百分比含量在95%以上的芯杆,所述芯杆上自内而外依次包覆有铝带和铜带;设铝带的厚度为t2,比重为σ2,铜带的厚度为t1,比重为σ1,芯杆的半径为R,芯线的比重为σ3,则其中,0.15≤K1≤0.18,0.02≤K2≤0.05。本发明还公开了一种上述铜包铝线缆的制造方法。由于该铜包铝线缆中的芯杆在作为导体的同时,还能很好地承载其自身的重量,从而在架设电缆时不用敷设承重钢线,使用十分方便。

Description

一种铜包铝线缆及其制造方法
技术领域
本发明涉及到一种线缆及其制造方法,尤其涉及到一种铜包铝线缆及其制造方法。
背景技术
目前,传统的铜包铝线缆,其结构通常包括:作为芯杆的铝杆或铝镁合金杆,芯杆上直接包覆有铜带,并采用氩弧焊对铜带接缝进行焊接,然后,经过多道次拉拨,得到成品。众所周知,铜与铝的机械性能相差较大,虽然经过了超过80%减面率的多道次拉拔,铜带和铝镁合金杆或者纯铝杆也无法达到冶金结合紧密的程度;而且,为了多次拉拔顺利,铜带就需要有足够的厚度,通常情况下,铜的质量百分比含量通常在25%以上,这样就增加了铜的用量,从而增加了生产成本。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是:提供一种可以减少铜的用量、并能紧密包覆的铜包铝线缆。
为解决上述技术问题,本发明所采用的技术方案为:一种铜包铝线缆,包括:铝的百分比含量在95%以上的芯杆,芯杆上自内而外依次包覆有纯铝带和纯铜带;
设铝带的厚度为t2,比重为σ2,铜带的厚度为t1,比重为σ1,芯杆的半径为R,芯线的比重为σ3,则
t 2 = R × 1 + K 1 σ 3 σ 2 - R , 0.15 ≤ K 1 ≤ 0.18 ;
t 1 = ( R + t 2 ) 2 + K 2 σ 3 σ 1 R 2 - R - t 2 , 0.02 ≤ K 2 ≤ 0.05 .
所述的芯杆为纯铝杆,铝百分比含量在99.5%以上。
所述的芯杆为铝镁合金杆,镁的百分比含量在2~5%之间。
所述纯铜带中铜的百分比含量在99.9%以上。
本发明还提供了一种上述铜包铝线缆的制造方法,其步骤为:
1)在芯杆上包覆纯铝带,并焊接纯铝带的接缝,然后,进行至少一次拉拔,使芯杆与纯铝带紧密贴合在一起;
2)在包覆有纯铝带的芯杆上包覆纯铜带,并焊接纯铜带的接缝,然后,进行至少一次拉拔,使包覆有纯铝带的芯杆与纯铜带紧密贴合在一起。
将步骤2)形成的线缆进行退火处理。
所述的退火处理的具体过程为:由步骤2)得到铜包铝线缆放入真空井式退火炉中,抽真空后加入氩气保护,然后,加温至320~450℃,保温2~4小时。
采用氩弧焊对纯铝带和纯铜带的接缝进行焊接。
本发明的有益效果是:本发明通过先包覆纯铝带再包覆纯铜带的方法,形成铜包铝线缆,由于作为芯杆的铝质杆(纯铝杆或铝镁合金杆)与纯铝带的机械性能相同或相近,包覆之后,经过拉拔,就可以将纯铝带非常紧密地包覆在芯杆上,达到冶金结合紧密的程度;而较薄的纯铝带与纯铜带的结合也更加容易,经过拉拔,就可将纯铜带非常紧密地包覆在纯铅带上,从而大大减小了纯铜带的厚度,铜的质量百分比含量通常在5%以下,大大减少了铜的用量,降低了制造成本。
附图说明
图1是本发明所述的铜包铝线缆的结构示意图。
图中的附图标记:1、芯杆,2、纯铝带,3、纯铜带。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图,详细描述本发明的具体实施方案:
如图1所示,一种铜包铝线缆,包括:由纯铝杆(铝的百分比含量在99.9%以上)或者铝镁合金杆(铝的质量百分比为95%,镁的质量百分比为5%)作为芯杆1,该芯杆1上自内而外依次包覆有纯铝带2和纯铜带3,该纯铜带3中铜的百分比含量在99.9%以上;
设铝带2的厚度为t2,比重为σ2,铜带3的厚度为t1,比重为σ1,芯杆1的半径为R,芯线的比重为σ3,则
t 2 = R × 1 + K 1 σ 3 σ 2 - R , 0.15 ≤ K 1 ≤ 0.18 ;
t 1 = ( R + t 2 ) 2 + K 2 σ 3 σ 1 R 2 - R - t 2 , 0.02 ≤ K 2 ≤ 0.05 .
本发明还提供了一种上述铜包铝线缆的制造方法,其步骤为:
1)在芯杆1上包覆纯铝带2,并采用氩弧焊对纯铝带2的接缝进行焊接,然后,进行多次拉拔(通常为2~3次),使得芯杆1与纯铝带2紧密地贴合在一起;
2)在包覆有铝带2的芯杆1上包覆纯铜带3,并采用氩弧焊对纯铜带3的接缝进行焊接,然后,进行多次拉拔(通常为2~3次),使得芯杆1上的纯铝带2与纯铜带3紧密贴合在一起;
3)接下来,对由步骤2)得到铜包铝线缆进行退火处理,其步骤为:
将所述的铜包铝线缆放入真空井式退火炉中,抽真空后加入氩气保护,然后,加温至320~450℃,保温2~4小时。
由本发明所述的制造方法得到的铜包铝线缆主要电气参数见下表:
综上所述,仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已,并非用来限定本发明实施的范围,凡依本发明权利要求范围所述的形状、构造、特征及精神所作的等同变化与修饰,均应包括在本发明的权利要求范围内。

Claims (8)

1.一种铜包铝线缆,包括:铝的百分比含量在95%以上的芯杆,其特征在于:所述的芯杆上自内而外依次包覆有纯铝带和纯铜带;
设铝带的厚度为t2,比重为σ2,铜带的厚度为t1,比重为σ1,芯杆的半径为R,芯线的比重为σ3,则
t 2 = R × 1 + K 1 σ 3 σ 2 - R , 0.15 ≤ K 1 ≤ 0.18 ;
t 1 = ( R + t 2 ) 2 + K 2 σ 3 σ 1 R 2 - R - t 2 , 0.02 ≤ K 2 ≤ 0.05 .
2.根据权利要求1所述的铜包铝线缆,其特征是:所述的芯杆为纯铝杆,铝百分比含量在99.5%以上。
3.根据权利要求1所述的铜包铝线缆,其特征是:所述的芯杆为铝镁合金杆,镁的百分比含量在2~5%之间。
4.根据权利要求1、2或3所述的铜包铝线缆,其特征是:所述纯铜带中铜的百分比含量在99.9%以上。
5.权利要求1所述的铜包铝线缆的制造方法,其步骤为:
1)在芯杆上包覆纯铝带,并焊接纯铝带的接缝,然后,进行至少一次拉拔,使芯杆与纯铝带紧密贴合在一起;
2)在包覆有纯铝带的芯杆上包覆纯铜带,并焊接纯铜带的接缝,然后进行至少一次拉拔,使包覆有纯铝带的芯杆与纯铜带紧密贴合在一起。
6.根据权利要求5所述的铜包铝线缆的制造方法,其特征是:将步骤2)形成的线缆进行退火处理。
7.根据权利要求6所述的铜包铝线缆的制造方法,其特征是:所述的退火处理的具体过程为:由步骤2)得到铜包铝线缆放入真空井式退火炉中,抽真空后加入氩气保护,然后,加温至320~450℃,保温2~4小时。
8.根据权利要求5、6或7所述的铜包铝线缆的制造方法,其特征是:采用氩弧焊对纯铝带和纯铜带的接缝进行焊接。
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CN101577147A (zh) * 2009-06-10 2009-11-11 张家港市盛天金属线有限公司 大截面导电铜包铝排
CN201936654U (zh) * 2011-03-21 2011-08-17 诚信漆包线(惠州)有限公司 新型铜包铝漆包线
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