CN103875400A - Method for accelerating growth and development of rhizoma bletillae - Google Patents
Method for accelerating growth and development of rhizoma bletillae Download PDFInfo
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- CN103875400A CN103875400A CN201410094123.6A CN201410094123A CN103875400A CN 103875400 A CN103875400 A CN 103875400A CN 201410094123 A CN201410094123 A CN 201410094123A CN 103875400 A CN103875400 A CN 103875400A
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for accelerating growth and development of rhizoma bletillae. The planting steps of the method are executed in the environment, and in the environment, the temperature in the daytime is 10 DEG C to 35 DEG C, the night temperature is five DEG C to 30 DEG C, the humidity in the daytime is 20 percent to 80 percent, and the night humidity is 30 percent to 90 percent. The method comprises the following planting steps that (1) planting fields are treated; (2) pseudobulb is planted; (3) the pseudobulb is covered after being planted; (4) management after planting is carried out. The acceleration effect in the growing and developing period of the rhizoma bletillae is very obvious, the stem height is increased, leaf length and width are increased, the efficiency of photosynthesis can be improved, and effective reference is provided for rational close planting. The rhizoma bletillae can absorb more nutrients and water through increase of the number of roots, and the yield of the rhizoma bletillae can be improved obviously.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Chinese herbal medicine cultivation technology field, relate in particular to a kind of method that promotes that bletilla grows.
Background technology
Bletilla (Bletillastriata (Thunb.) Reichb.f.) is herbaceos perennial, the high 18-60 centimetre of plant, the pseudobulb that basal part of stem tool expands, its nearby normal tool many pieces of the previous years and in the past annual residual oblate spheroid or flat ovate pseudobulb.Mainly apply to the aspects such as hemostasis, protection gastric mucosa, antibacterial, antimycotic, anti-cancer and anticancer, dextran and prevention of intestinal adhesion.The climatic environment that bletilla happiness is warm, moistening, shady and cool, Chang Yesheng in hills, low mountain stream limit and the moon covers in thick grass or sylvan life wetland, be distributed in the ground such as provinces and regions and Japan on the south China Qinling Mountains.
Under artificial cultivation condition, bletilla propagation method has seminal propagation and two kinds of modes of division propagation, generally adopts division propagation.When seminal propagation, because seed is tiny, grow unsoundly, germination rate is low, needs to cultivate seedling with medium aseptic inoculation.When the mode that pseudobulb is cut apart in employing is bred, 1 pseudobulb 1 is only can form 1～5 new pseudobulb, and production efficiency is low, and economic benefit is not good; 1 capsule of bletilla includes the tens thousand of grains of seed, extremely difficult sprouting under natural conditions; Artificial aseptic seeding can obtain very high germination rate, can be used as a kind of method of large-scale production bletilla seedling, but cost is high, technical requirement is high, and the production cycle is long.
At present, most of bletillas are with tissue culture technique breeding, aspect artificial cultivation, are large Tanaka mostly, under natural conditions, cultivate, garden mould covers, its method on the one hand, due in garden mould with weed seed, cause later stage weeding difficulty, cost improves, and affects bletilla growth.Garden mould soil fertility deficiency on the other hand, gas permeability is poor, causes bletilla poor growth, and growing way is not good, and output is not high., grow problem the present invention slow, that yield poorly many in conjunction with bletilla traditional cultivation method weeds researched and proposed a kind of method that can promote that bletilla grows.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method that promotes that bletilla grows, be intended to solve the problem that bletilla weeds in process of growth are many, growth is slow, yield poorly.
The present invention is achieved in that a kind of method that promotes that bletilla grows, and temperature is 10～35 ℃ by day, 5～30 ℃ of nights; Daytime humidity 20～80%, in humidity 30～90% environment, implement following plantation step night:
(1) process milpa;
(2) plantation pseudobulb;
(3) after plantation, cover and process;
(4) management after cultivation.
Preferably, in step (1), described milpa processing procedure comprises: the ratio with 1～20:1 mixes naturally native and leaf mould, as cultivating soil.
Preferably, in step (2), the plantation stem seeding row spacing between described pseudobulb is 5～20 × 10～30cm.
Preferably, in step (2), the plantation stem seeding row spacing between described pseudobulb is 15 × 20cm.
Preferably, in step (3), after described plantation, cover processing and comprise: after plantation, cover bletilla pseudobulb with cultivating soil, leaf mould, pine needle, garden mould, stalk respectively.
Preferably, in step (3), described leaf mould is by being 0～10: 0～10 by following mass ratio: 1～5: 1～5 mountain mud: garden mould: humus: rice chaff ash forms, or be 0～10: 0～10 by following mass ratio: 1～5: 1～5 mountain mud: garden mould: humus: ash forms.
Preferably, in step (3), described leaf mould is by being 1～3: 1～3 by following mass ratio: 1～2: 1～2 garden mould: mountain mud: humus, or be 1～3: 1～3 by following mass ratio: 1～2: 1～2 garden mould: humus: ash forms.
Preferably, in step (3), described bletilla pseudobulb cladding thickness is 4～14cm.
Preferably, in step (3), described bletilla pseudobulb cladding thickness is 8～12cm.
Preferably, in step (4), after described cultivation, manage and comprise: controlling day temperature is 20～35 ℃, 7～15 ℃ of nights.
Preferably, in step (4), after described cultivation, manage and comprise: control humidity 50～80% on daytime, night humidity 40～90%.
The present invention compared with prior art, has following beneficial effect:
1, the present invention has improved the seedling-growing time of bletilla pseudobulb, under covering of the same race, covers thinner emerging more early, covers the pseudobulb seedling-growing time of leaf mould the earliest, covers pseudobulb about ten days in advance than garden mould.Under same thickness covers, leaf mould covers lower emergence rate higher than garden mould 30%, and cultivating soil, pine needle, stalk cover lower emergence rate all higher than garden mould.
2, to have increased the average stem of bletilla high in the present invention, and leaf mould coverage effect is significantly better than cultivating soil, and pine needle effect effect is better than stalk, and stalk effect is better than garden mould.
3, it is long that the present invention has obviously increased the leaf of bletilla, the average leaf of annual fritter bletilla that leaf mould covers is grown up long in the average leaf of biennial bulk bletilla of cultivating soil and pine needle covering, the long difference of pseudobulb leaf that garden mould and stalk cover is very little, and leaf mould is increasing leaf long side significantly better than other coverings.
4, it is wide that the present invention can obviously increase the leaf of bletilla, and leaf mould covers the bletilla mean blade width maximum of processing, the second of pine needle processing, the DeGrain directly covering with cultivating soil, the minimum that garden mould and stalk cover.
5, the present invention has significantly increased bletilla blade quantity, cover with garden mould, one, a little less than biennial bletilla growing way, the quantity of leaf is between 2～4, cover after processing through cultivating soil, leaf mould, pine needle, stalk, some bletillas grow many young plants, and the quantity of leaf obviously increases, the bletilla mean number of sheets that leaf mould covers, more than 5, covers apparently higher than garden mould.
6, the present invention obviously increases bletilla root quantity, covers the bletilla root quantity of processing many after cultivating soil, leaf mould, pine needle, stalk cover processing than garden mould.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the average seedling-growing time comparison diagram of larger false phosphorus stem and less pseudobulb in the embodiment of the present invention 1;
Fig. 2 is the high comparison diagram of average stem of the larger false phosphorus stem of the embodiment of the present invention 1 and less pseudobulb;
Fig. 3 is the long comparison diagram of average leaf of the larger false phosphorus stem of the embodiment of the present invention 1 and less pseudobulb;
Fig. 4 is that the larger false phosphorus stem of the embodiment of the present invention 1 is relatively schemed with the mean blade width of less pseudobulb;
Fig. 5 is the average number of blade comparison diagram of the larger false phosphorus stem of the embodiment of the present invention 1 and less pseudobulb;
Fig. 6 is the thick comparison diagram of average stem of the larger false phosphorus stem of the embodiment of the present invention 1 and less pseudobulb;
Fig. 7 is the average root coefficients comparison figure of the larger false phosphorus stem of the embodiment of the present invention 1 and less pseudobulb;
Fig. 8 is the average seedling-growing time comparison diagram of larger false phosphorus stem and less pseudobulb in the embodiment of the present invention 2;
Fig. 9 is the high comparison diagram of average stem of the larger false phosphorus stem of the embodiment of the present invention 2 and less pseudobulb;
Figure 10 is the long comparison diagram of average leaf of the larger false phosphorus stem of the embodiment of the present invention 2 and less pseudobulb;
Figure 11 is that the larger false phosphorus stem of the embodiment of the present invention 2 is relatively schemed with the mean blade width of less pseudobulb;
Figure 12 is the average number of blade comparison diagram of the larger false phosphorus stem of the embodiment of the present invention 2 and less pseudobulb;
Figure 13 is the thick comparison diagram of average stem of the larger false phosphorus stem of the embodiment of the present invention 2 and less pseudobulb;
Figure 14 is the average root coefficients comparison figure of the larger false phosphorus stem of the embodiment of the present invention 2 and less pseudobulb;
Figure 15 is the average seedling-growing time comparison diagram of larger false phosphorus stem and less pseudobulb in the embodiment of the present invention 3;
Figure 16 is the high comparison diagram of average stem of the larger false phosphorus stem of the embodiment of the present invention 3 and less pseudobulb;
Figure 17 is the long comparison diagram of average leaf of the larger false phosphorus stem of the embodiment of the present invention 3 and less pseudobulb;
Figure 18 is that the larger false phosphorus stem of the embodiment of the present invention 3 is relatively schemed with the mean blade width of less pseudobulb;
Figure 19 is the average number of blade comparison diagram of the larger false phosphorus stem of the embodiment of the present invention 3 and less pseudobulb;
Figure 20 is the thick comparison diagram of average stem of the larger false phosphorus stem of the embodiment of the present invention 3 and less pseudobulb;
Figure 21 is the average root coefficients comparison figure of the larger false phosphorus stem of the embodiment of the present invention 3 and less pseudobulb;
Figure 22 is the average seedling-growing time comparison diagram of larger false phosphorus stem and less pseudobulb in the embodiment of the present invention 4;
Figure 23 is the high comparison diagram of average stem of the larger false phosphorus stem of the embodiment of the present invention 4 and less pseudobulb;
Figure 24 is the long comparison diagram of average leaf of the larger false phosphorus stem of the embodiment of the present invention 4 and less pseudobulb;
Figure 25 is that the larger false phosphorus stem of the embodiment of the present invention 4 is relatively schemed with the mean blade width of less pseudobulb;
Figure 26 is the average number of blade comparison diagram of the larger false phosphorus stem of the embodiment of the present invention 4 and less pseudobulb;
Figure 27 is the thick comparison diagram of average stem of the larger false phosphorus stem of the embodiment of the present invention 4 and less pseudobulb;
Figure 28 is the average root coefficients comparison figure of the larger false phosphorus stem of the embodiment of the present invention 4 and less pseudobulb.
Embodiment
In order to make object of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearer, below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is further elaborated.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein, only in order to explain the present invention, is not intended to limit the present invention.
Experiment condition: the facility condition of this test refers to, in green house, temperature is generally 20～35 ℃ of daytimes, 7～15 ℃ of nights.Humidity can reach 90% night, daytime general 50～80%.Cultivating soil is mixed with the garden mould of leaf mould, has shading screen to cover, and can guarantee without strong illumination.
1, process milpa: first deep ploughed in stand-by plot, plot is with garden mould: leaf mould 1:1 evenly admixes leaf mould, and leaf mould proportioning is 1: 1: 1: 1 mountain mud: garden mould: humus: rice chaff ash.
2, prepare pseudobulb: pick out and have no mechanical damage, free from insect pests, have the pseudobulb of good tender shoots and bulb some, therefrom take out at random 2000 bulk pseudobulbs and 2000 fritter pseudobulbs, be divided at random 5 groups by each 2000 large and small pseudobulbs.
3, plantation pseudobulb: the large and small pseudobulb being divided into group implanted respectively on the plot of handling well, plant in the plot that is numbered A, B, C, D, E respectively various 200 bulk pseudobulbs, is numbered plot various 200 fritter pseudobulbs respectively of A1, B1, C1, D1, E1.When plantation, being all by fixing line space 5cm × 10cm, is to be all first neatly put in soil surface by line space.
4, after plantation, different covering processed: A group covers the thick cultivating soil of 4cm, B group covers the thick leaf mould of 4cm (leaf mould proportioning is 1: 1: 1: 1 mountain mud: garden mould: humus: rice chaff ash), C group covers the thick pine needle of 4cm, D group covers 4cm stalk, E group covers 4cm garden mould, A1 group covers the thick cultivating soil of 4cm, B1 group covers the thick leaf mould of 4cm (leaf mould proportioning is 1: 1: 1: 1 mountain mud: garden mould: humus: rice chaff ash), C1 group covers the thick pine needle of 4cm, D1 group covers 4cm stalk, and E1 group covers 4cm garden mould.
5, management after cultivation: water first and will irrigate after cultivation, water later and want suitably.Bletilla is emerged needs shading of appropriateness period, and after bletilla is emerged, the same day, samming was stablized while reaching more than 15 ℃, and bletilla growth rate is accelerated day by day; The now growth of weeds is also being accelerated, and weeding in time, in day in higher month of samming, is strengthened artificial weeding and the water and fertilizer management of bletilla seedling.
6, in experimental observation in first season of growth, observation speed of emergence, the number of emerging, emerge after growing way, the situation of blooming; After 1 year, measure that stem is high, leaf is long, leaf is wide, the number of sheets, stem are thick, root system logarithmic data.
7, analysis of experimental data
In statistical analysis, initial data is processed, and made following bar chart and do comparative analysis, as shown in Fig. 1～7.Wherein, Fig. 1 is the average seedling-growing time comparison diagram of larger false phosphorus stem and less pseudobulb; As can be seen from Figure 1, the average seedling-growing time of bletilla pseudobulb under cultivating soil, leaf mould, pine needle, stalk covering is emerged Zao than the bletilla pseudobulb under the covering of conventional method garden mould.
Fig. 2 is the high comparison diagram of average stem of larger false phosphorus stem and less pseudobulb; As can be seen from Figure 2, the average stem of bletilla pseudobulb under cultivating soil, leaf mould, pine needle, stalk covering is high higher than the bletilla pseudobulb plant under the covering of conventional method garden mould.
Fig. 3 is the long comparison diagram of average leaf of larger false phosphorus stem and less pseudobulb; As can be seen from Figure 3, the average leaf length of bletilla pseudobulb under cultivating soil, leaf mould, pine needle, stalk covering is longer than the bletilla pseudobulb leaf under the covering of conventional method garden mould.
Fig. 4 is that larger false phosphorus stem is relatively schemed with the mean blade width of less pseudobulb; As can be seen from Figure 4, the bletilla pseudobulb leaf under the bletilla pseudobulb mean blade width ratio conventional method garden mould covering under cultivating soil, leaf mould, pine needle, stalk covering is wider.
Fig. 5 is the average number of blade comparison diagram of larger false phosphorus stem and less pseudobulb; As can be seen from Figure 5, the average number of blade of bletilla pseudobulb under cultivating soil, leaf mould, pine needle, stalk covering is more than the bletilla pseudobulb number of sheets under the covering of conventional method garden mould.
Fig. 6 is the thick comparison diagram of average stem of larger false phosphorus stem and less pseudobulb; As can be seen from Figure 6, the average stem of bletilla pseudobulb under cultivating soil, leaf mould, pine needle, stalk covering is slightly thicker than the bletilla pseudobulb stem under the covering of conventional method garden mould.
Fig. 7 is the average root coefficients comparison figure of larger false phosphorus stem and less pseudobulb; As can be seen from Figure 7, the average root system of bletilla pseudobulb under cultivating soil, leaf mould, pine needle, stalk covering is more than the bletilla pseudobulb root system under the covering of conventional method garden mould.
1, process milpa: first deep ploughed in stand-by plot, plot is with garden mould: leaf mould 1:1 evenly admixes leaf mould, and leaf mould proportioning is that leaf mould proportioning is 1: 1 humus: ash.
2, prepare pseudobulb: pick out and have no mechanical damage, free from insect pests, have the pseudobulb of good tender shoots and bulb some, therefrom take out at random 2000 bulk pseudobulbs and 2000 fritter pseudobulbs, be divided at random 5 groups by each 2000 large and small pseudobulbs.
3, plantation pseudobulb: the large and small pseudobulb being divided into group implanted respectively on the plot of handling well, plant in the plot that is numbered A, B, C, D, E respectively various 200 bulk pseudobulbs, is numbered plot various 200 fritter pseudobulbs respectively of A1, B1, C1, D1, E1.When plantation, being all by fixing line space 10cm × 20cm, is to be all first neatly put in soil surface by line space.
4, after plantation, different covering processed: A group covers the thick cultivating soil of 8cm, B group covers the thick leaf mould of 8cm (humus that leaf mould proportioning is 1: 1: rice chaff ash), C group covers the thick pine needle of 8cm, D group covers 8cm stalk, and E group covers 8cm garden mould, and A1 group covers the thick cultivating soil of 8cm, B1 group covers the thick leaf mould of 8cm (humus that leaf mould proportioning is 1: 1: rice chaff ash), C1 group covers the thick pine needle of 8cm, and D1 group covers 8cm stalk, and E1 group covers 8cm garden mould.
5, management after cultivation: water first and will irrigate after cultivation, water later and want suitably.Bletilla is emerged needs shading of appropriateness period, and after bletilla is emerged, the same day, samming was stablized while reaching more than 15 ℃, and bletilla growth rate is accelerated day by day; The now growth of weeds is also being accelerated, and weeding in time, in day in higher month of samming, is strengthened artificial weeding and the water and fertilizer management of bletilla seedling.
6, in experimental observation in first season of growth, observation speed of emergence, the number of emerging, emerge after growing way, the situation of blooming; After 1 year, measure that stem is high, leaf is long, leaf is wide, the number of sheets, stem are thick, root system logarithmic data.
7, analysis of experimental data
In statistical analysis, initial data is processed, and made following bar chart and do comparative analysis, as shown in Fig. 8～14; Wherein, Fig. 8 is the average seedling-growing time comparison diagram of larger false phosphorus stem and less pseudobulb; As can be seen from Figure 8, the average seedling-growing time of bletilla pseudobulb under cultivating soil, leaf mould, pine needle, stalk covering is emerged Zao than the bletilla pseudobulb under the covering of conventional method garden mould.
Fig. 9 is the high comparison diagram of average stem of larger false phosphorus stem and less pseudobulb; As can be seen from Figure 9, the average stem of bletilla pseudobulb under cultivating soil, leaf mould, pine needle, stalk covering is high higher than the bletilla pseudobulb plant under the covering of conventional method garden mould.
Figure 10 is the long comparison diagram of average leaf of larger false phosphorus stem and less pseudobulb; As can be seen from Figure 10, the average leaf length of bletilla pseudobulb under cultivating soil, leaf mould, pine needle, stalk covering is longer than the bletilla pseudobulb leaf under the covering of conventional method garden mould.
Figure 11 is that larger false phosphorus stem is relatively schemed with the mean blade width of less pseudobulb; As can be seen from Figure 11, the bletilla pseudobulb leaf under the bletilla pseudobulb mean blade width ratio conventional method garden mould covering under cultivating soil, leaf mould, pine needle, stalk covering is wider.
Figure 12 is the average number of blade comparison diagram of larger false phosphorus stem and less pseudobulb; As can be seen from Figure 12, the bletilla pseudobulb mean number of sheets under cultivating soil, leaf mould, pine needle, stalk covering is more than the bletilla pseudobulb number of sheets under the covering of conventional method garden mould.
Figure 13 is the thick comparison diagram of average stem of larger false phosphorus stem and less pseudobulb; As can be seen from Figure 13, the average stem of bletilla pseudobulb under cultivating soil, leaf mould, pine needle, stalk covering is slightly thicker than the bletilla pseudobulb stem under the covering of conventional method garden mould.
Figure 14 is the average root coefficients comparison figure of larger false phosphorus stem and less pseudobulb; As seen from Figure 14, the average root system of bletilla pseudobulb under cultivating soil, leaf mould, pine needle, stalk covering is more than the bletilla pseudobulb root system under the covering of conventional method garden mould.
1, process milpa: first deep ploughed in stand-by plot, plot is with garden mould: leaf mould 1:1 evenly admixes leaf mould, and leaf mould proportioning is 2: 2: 1: 1 mountain mud: garden mould: humus: ash.
2, prepare pseudobulb: pick out and have no mechanical damage, free from insect pests, have the pseudobulb of good tender shoots and bulb some, therefrom take out at random 2000 bulk pseudobulbs and 2000 fritter pseudobulbs, be divided at random 5 groups by each 2000 large and small pseudobulbs.
3, plantation pseudobulb: the large and small pseudobulb being divided into group implanted respectively on the plot of handling well, plant in the plot that is numbered A, B, C, D, E respectively various 200 bulk pseudobulbs, is numbered plot various 200 fritter pseudobulbs respectively of A1, B1, C1, D1, E1.When plantation, being all by fixing line space 15cm × 20cm, is to be all first neatly put in soil surface by line space.
4, after plantation, different covering processed: A group covers the thick cultivating soil of 10cm, B group covers the thick leaf mould of 10cm (leaf mould proportioning is 2: 2: 1: 1 mountain mud: garden mould: humus: ash), C group covers the thick pine needle of 10cm, D group covers 10cm stalk, E group covers 10cm garden mould, A1 group covers the thick cultivating soil of 10cm, B1 group covers the thick leaf mould of 10cm (leaf mould proportioning is 2: 2: 1: 1 mountain mud: garden mould: humus: ash), C1 group covers the thick pine needle of 10cm, D1 group covers 10cm stalk, and E1 group covers 10cm garden mould.
5, management after cultivation: water first and will irrigate after cultivation, water later and want suitably.Bletilla is emerged needs shading of appropriateness period, and after bletilla is emerged, the same day, samming was stablized while reaching more than 15 ℃, and bletilla growth rate is accelerated day by day; The now growth of weeds is also being accelerated, and weeding in time, in day in higher month of samming, is strengthened artificial weeding and the water and fertilizer management of bletilla seedling.
6, in experimental observation in first season of growth, observation speed of emergence, the number of emerging, emerge after growing way, the situation of blooming; After 1 year, measure that stem is high, leaf is long, leaf is wide, the number of sheets, stem are thick, root system logarithmic data.
7, analysis of experimental data
In statistical analysis, initial data is processed, and made following bar chart and do comparative analysis, as shown in Figure 15～21; Wherein, Figure 15 is the average seedling-growing time comparison diagram of larger false phosphorus stem and less pseudobulb; As can be seen from Figure 15, the average seedling-growing time of bletilla pseudobulb under cultivating soil, leaf mould, pine needle, stalk covering is emerged Zao than the bletilla pseudobulb under the covering of conventional method garden mould.
Figure 16 is the high comparison diagram of average stem of larger false phosphorus stem and less pseudobulb; As can be seen from Figure 16, the average stem of bletilla pseudobulb under cultivating soil, leaf mould, pine needle, stalk covering is high higher than the bletilla pseudobulb plant under the covering of conventional method garden mould.
Figure 17 is the long comparison diagram of average leaf of larger false phosphorus stem and less pseudobulb; As can be seen from Figure 17, the average leaf length of bletilla pseudobulb under cultivating soil, leaf mould, pine needle, stalk covering is longer than the bletilla pseudobulb leaf under the covering of conventional method garden mould.
Figure 18 is that larger false phosphorus stem is relatively schemed with the mean blade width of less pseudobulb; As can be seen from Figure 18, the bletilla pseudobulb leaf under the bletilla pseudobulb mean blade width ratio conventional method garden mould covering under cultivating soil, leaf mould, pine needle, stalk covering is wider.
Figure 19 is the average number of blade comparison diagram of larger false phosphorus stem and less pseudobulb; As can be seen from Figure 19, the bletilla pseudobulb mean number of sheets under cultivating soil, leaf mould, pine needle, stalk covering is more than the bletilla pseudobulb number of sheets under the covering of conventional method garden mould.
Figure 20 is the thick comparison diagram of average stem of larger false phosphorus stem and less pseudobulb; As can be seen from Figure 20, the average stem of bletilla pseudobulb under cultivating soil, leaf mould, pine needle, stalk covering is slightly thicker than the bletilla pseudobulb stem under the covering of conventional method garden mould.
Figure 21 is the average root coefficients comparison figure of larger false phosphorus stem and less pseudobulb; As seen from Figure 21, the average root system of bletilla pseudobulb under cultivating soil, leaf mould, pine needle, stalk covering is more than the bletilla pseudobulb root system under the covering of conventional method garden mould.
1, process milpa: first deep ploughed in stand-by plot, plot is with garden mould: leaf mould 1:1 evenly admixes leaf mould, and leaf mould proportioning is 3: 3: 2: 2 mountain mud: garden mould: humus: rice chaff ash.。
2, prepare pseudobulb: pick out and have no mechanical damage, free from insect pests, have the pseudobulb of good tender shoots and bulb some, therefrom take out at random 2000 bulk pseudobulbs and 2000 fritter pseudobulbs, be divided at random 5 groups by each 2000 large and small pseudobulbs.
3, plantation pseudobulb: the large and small pseudobulb being divided into group implanted respectively on the plot of handling well, plant in the plot that is numbered A, B, C, D, E respectively various 200 bulk pseudobulbs, is numbered plot various 200 fritter pseudobulbs respectively of A1, B1, C1, D1, E1.When plantation, being all by fixing line space 20cm × 30cm, is to be all first neatly put in soil surface by line space.
4, after plantation, different covering processed: A group covers the thick cultivating soil of 14cm, B group covers the thick leaf mould of 14cm (leaf mould proportioning is 3: 3: 2: 2 mountain mud: garden mould: humus: rice chaff ash), C group covers the thick pine needle of 14cm, D group covers 14cm stalk, E group covers 14cm garden mould, A1 group covers the thick cultivating soil of 14cm, B1 group covers the thick leaf mould of 14cm (leaf mould proportioning is 3: 3: 2: 2 mountain mud: garden mould: humus: rice chaff ash), C1 group covers the thick pine needle of 14cm, D1 group covers 14cm stalk, and E1 group covers 14cm garden mould.
5, management after cultivation: water first and will irrigate after cultivation, water later and want suitably.Bletilla is emerged needs shading of appropriateness period, and after bletilla is emerged, the same day, samming was stablized while reaching more than 15 ℃, and bletilla growth rate is accelerated day by day; The now growth of weeds is also being accelerated, and weeding in time, in day in higher month of samming, is strengthened artificial weeding and the water and fertilizer management of bletilla seedling.
6, in experimental observation in first season of growth, observation speed of emergence, the number of emerging, emerge after growing way, the situation of blooming; After 1 year, measure that stem is high, leaf is long, leaf is wide, the number of sheets, stem are thick, root system logarithmic data.
7, analysis of experimental data
In statistical analysis, initial data is processed, and made following bar chart and do comparative analysis; As shown in Figure 22～28; Wherein, Figure 22 is the average seedling-growing time comparison diagram of larger false phosphorus stem and less pseudobulb; As can be seen from Figure 22, the average seedling-growing time of bletilla pseudobulb under cultivating soil, leaf mould, pine needle, stalk covering is emerged Zao than the bletilla pseudobulb under the covering of conventional method garden mould.
Figure 23 is the high comparison diagram of average stem of larger false phosphorus stem and less pseudobulb; As can be seen from Figure 23, the average stem of bletilla pseudobulb under cultivating soil, leaf mould, pine needle, stalk covering is high higher than the bletilla pseudobulb plant under the covering of conventional method garden mould.
Figure 24 is the long comparison diagram of average leaf of larger false phosphorus stem and less pseudobulb; As can be seen from Figure 24, the average leaf length of bletilla pseudobulb under cultivating soil, leaf mould, pine needle, stalk covering is longer than the bletilla pseudobulb leaf under the covering of conventional method garden mould.
Figure 25 is that larger false phosphorus stem is relatively schemed with the mean blade width of less pseudobulb; As can be seen from Figure 25, the bletilla pseudobulb leaf under the bletilla pseudobulb mean blade width ratio conventional method garden mould covering under cultivating soil, leaf mould, pine needle, stalk covering is wider.
Figure 26 is the average number of blade comparison diagram of larger false phosphorus stem and less pseudobulb; As can be seen from Figure 26, the bletilla pseudobulb mean number of sheets under cultivating soil, leaf mould, pine needle, stalk covering is more than the bletilla pseudobulb number of sheets under the covering of conventional method garden mould.
Figure 27 is the thick comparison diagram of average stem of larger false phosphorus stem and less pseudobulb; As can be seen from Figure 27, the average stem of bletilla pseudobulb under cultivating soil, leaf mould, pine needle, stalk covering is slightly thicker than the bletilla pseudobulb stem under the covering of conventional method garden mould.
Figure 28 is the average root coefficients comparison figure of larger false phosphorus stem and less pseudobulb; As seen from Figure 28, the average root system of bletilla pseudobulb under cultivating soil, leaf mould, pine needle, stalk covering is more than the bletilla pseudobulb root system under the covering of conventional method garden mould.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention, all any modifications of doing within the spirit and principles in the present invention, be equal to and replace and improvement etc., within all should being included in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. promote the method that bletilla grows, it is characterized in that, temperature is 10～35 ℃ by day, 5～30 ℃ of nights; Daytime humidity 20～80%, in humidity 30～90% environment, implement following plantation step night:
(1) process milpa;
(2) plantation pseudobulb;
(3) after plantation, cover and process;
(4) management after cultivation.
2. the method that promotion bletilla as claimed in claim 1 grows, is characterized in that, in step (1), described milpa processing procedure comprises: the ratio with 1～20:1 mixes naturally native and leaf mould, as cultivating soil.
3. the method that promotion bletilla as claimed in claim 1 grows, is characterized in that, in step (2), the plantation stem seeding row spacing between described pseudobulb is 5～20 × 10～30cm.
4. the method that promotion bletilla as claimed in claim 3 grows, is characterized in that, in step (2), the plantation stem seeding row spacing between described pseudobulb is 15 × 20cm.
5. the method that promotion bletilla as claimed in claim 1 grows, is characterized in that, in step (3), covers processing and comprise after described plantation: after plantation, cover bletilla pseudobulb respectively with cultivating soil, leaf mould, pine needle, garden mould, stalk.
6. the method that the promotion bletilla as described in claim 2 or 5 grows, it is characterized in that, in step (3), described leaf mould is by being 0～10: 0～10 by following mass ratio: 1～5: 1～5 mountain mud: garden mould: humus: rice chaff ash forms, or be 0～10: 0～10 by following mass ratio: 1～5: 1～5 mountain mud: garden mould: humus: ash forms.
7. the method that promotion bletilla as claimed in claim 6 grows, it is characterized in that, in step (3), described leaf mould is by being 1～3: 1～3 by following mass ratio: 1～2: 1～2 garden mould: mountain mud: humus, or be 1～3: 1～3 by following mass ratio: 1～2: 1～2 garden mould: humus: ash forms.
8. the method that promotion bletilla as claimed in claim 5 grows, is characterized in that, in step (3), described bletilla pseudobulb cladding thickness is 4～14cm.
9. the method that promotion bletilla as claimed in claim 8 grows, is characterized in that, in step (3), described bletilla pseudobulb cladding thickness is 8～12cm.
10. the method that promotion bletilla as claimed in claim 1 grows, is characterized in that, in step (4), after described cultivation, manages and comprises: controlling day temperature is 20～35 ℃, 7～15 ℃ of nights;
In step (4), after described cultivation, manage and comprise: control humidity 50～80% on daytime, night humidity 40～90%.
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