CN103861438A - 深度脱除燃煤烟气硫氧化物的系统及方法 - Google Patents
深度脱除燃煤烟气硫氧化物的系统及方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN103861438A CN103861438A CN201410062942.2A CN201410062942A CN103861438A CN 103861438 A CN103861438 A CN 103861438A CN 201410062942 A CN201410062942 A CN 201410062942A CN 103861438 A CN103861438 A CN 103861438A
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- wet
- flue
- gas
- coal
- alkali lye
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- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon monoxide Chemical compound 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[O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 94
- 239000003546 flue gases Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 94
- XTQHKBHJIVJGKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfur monoxide Chemical class data:image/svg+xml;base64,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 data:image/svg+xml;base64,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 S=O XTQHKBHJIVJGKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 229910052815 sulfur oxides Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 239000007924 injections Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 230000003009 desulfurizing Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000007789 gases Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000000953 sodium hydroxide Substances 0.000 claims description 58
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 58
- 229910001856 sodium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 58
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 57
- 239000011901 water Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 28
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- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L sulfate Chemical compound 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[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound 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OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001105 regulatory Effects 0.000 claims description 5
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- 239000002699 waste materials Substances 0.000 description 2
- UZGKAASZIMOAMU-UHFFFAOYSA-O P(=O)(=O)[NH3+] Chemical compound 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P(=O)(=O)[NH3+] UZGKAASZIMOAMU-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种深度脱除燃煤烟气硫氧化物的系统及方法，所述系统包括湿法单塔高效脱硫系统、吸收剂喷射系统和湿式静电烟气净化系统，所述湿法单塔高效脱硫系统与吸收剂喷射系统相连通，吸收剂喷射系统与湿式静电烟气净化系统相连通，湿式静电烟气净化系统与烟囱相连通。本发明可以实现燃煤烟气中SOx的综合净化，实现SOx超低排放，达到燃气标准并可进一步实现SO2和SO3的深度净化，实现SOx排放浓度低于20mg/Nm3。
Description
深度脱除燃煤烟气硫氧化物的系统及方法
技术领域
[0001] 本发明属于燃煤烟气污染物控制技术领域，具体地说是涉及一种深度脱除燃煤烟气硫氧化物的系统及方法。
背景技术
[0002] 我国燃煤电站锅炉煤炭消耗量占全国煤炭消耗量的一半左右，是主要的燃煤大气污染物排放大户。“十五”以来，燃煤电站脱硫装置大量上马，截至2012年底，累计已投运火电脱硫机组总容量达到6.8亿千瓦，占全部火电机组的比例提高到90%。随着我国SO2减排力度的不断加大，各种脱硫技术在燃煤电厂得到了推广应用(其中湿法占85%以上)，为SO2减排作出了重要贡献。为实现“十二五” SO2减排的新目标，2011年9月颁布了新标准《火电厂大气污染物排放标准》(GB 13223-2011)，重点区域SO2排放浓度限值为50mg/Nm3，粉尘排放浓度限值为20mg/Nm3，由于一些发达地区的环境污染严重，对SO2和粉尘的排放限值提出了更高的要求。
[0003] 现有技术中，一般采用湿法脱硫技术对硫氧化物(SOx)进行脱除。大量燃煤机组使用传统的脱除硫氧化物的系统及方法难以满足严格的排放要求，面临增效改造问题。
[0004] 湿法脱硫技术主要包括石灰石-石膏法、海水脱硫法、氨法、磷铵肥法、双碱法、氧化镁法等，其原理为用脱硫浆液在反应塔中对脱硫烟气进行洗涤，除去烟气中的硫氧化物。湿法脱硫技术具有反应速度较快、设备相对较小、吸收利用率高、脱硫效率较高等优点，但其存在投资费用高、占地面积大、容易结垢及易造成二次污染等缺点。因此，要对现有的湿法脱硫技术进行优化改造。
[0005] 用传统的湿法脱硫技术对燃煤烟气中的SOx进行脱除还存在以下缺点:
(1)难以满足变煤种、变SO2浓度、变工况条件下的SO2的深度脱除，难以满足国家对重点地区SO2的50mg/Nm3的排放标准，甚至是更低的排放标准要求；
(2)脱硫塔出口石膏浆液携带严重，造成石膏雨等污染问题，脱硫塔出口 SO3雾滴难以脱除，造成SO3排放浓度过高问题；
(3)脱硫烟气中常含有硫酸气溶胶，对设备造成一定腐蚀；
(4) PM2.5超细颗粒无法有效脱除，PM2.5污染严重。
[0006]为此，本专利提出了包含湿法单塔高效脱硫系统、吸收剂喷射系统和湿式静电烟气净化系统的SOx深度脱除系统及方法，实现SOx的排放浓度小于20mg/Nm3，同时实现对PM2.5、石膏雨等污染物的协同脱除，并可实现对湿式静电烟气净化系统的循环水pH值的高效调节。
发明内容
[0007] 为了克服现有技术存在的不足，本发明提供了一种深度脱除燃煤烟气硫氧化物的系统及方法。本发明可以实现燃煤烟气中SOx的综合净化，实现SOx超低排放，达到燃气标准并可进一步实现SO2和SO3的深度净化，实现SOx排放浓度低于20mg/Nm3。[0008] 一种深度脱除燃煤烟气硫氧化物的系统，所述系统包括湿法单塔高效脱硫系统、吸收剂喷射系统和湿式静电烟气净化系统，所述湿法单塔高效脱硫系统与吸收剂喷射系统相连通，吸收剂喷射系统与湿式静电烟气净化系统相连通，湿式静电烟气净化系统与烟囱相连通。
[0009] 优选地，所述湿法单塔高效脱硫系统包括脱硫塔，所述脱硫塔下部设有进气口，上部设有出气口，进气口下方设有浆液池，浆液池上方由下而上设有2〜5层喷淋层、I〜2层除雾器，每层喷淋层下方均设有相应的气液再分配构件，其中最底层的气液再分配构件位于进气口与最底层喷淋层之间，所述进气口处设有气流均布板，所述出气口与烟道一端连通，烟道另一端与湿式静电烟气净化系统连通。进一步的优化了脱硫喷淋脱硫塔的脱硫效果O
[0010] 优选地，所述气液再分配构件为宽度100〜1200mm的贴壁圆环，其角度为水平向下O〜15度。保证脱硫塔内的气液的均布及高效接触传质，烟气经此处再进行平均分布，与喷淋浆液充分接触，提高了气液接触面积，达到提高脱硫效率目的。
[0011] 优选地，所述吸收剂喷射系统包括喷射装置、计量泵、碱液配置箱、转移泵和碱液贮存箱，喷射装置通过计量泵与碱液配置箱相连，碱液配置箱通过转移泵与碱液贮存箱相连，所述喷射装置布置于烟道内并在烟道界面所形成的覆盖率达到100%以上，喷射雾滴粒径 5 〜300 μ m。
[0012] 沉降后的碱液经过管道进入湿式静电烟气净化系统的排液箱，吸收剂喷射系统内与S02、SO3反应后形成的硫酸盐或多余的碱液进入湿式静电烟气净化系统的湿式电除尘器，并在高压电场中被高效捕集。其中，吸收剂为氢氧化钠、氨水等碱液。
[0013] 优选地，所述喷射装置在烟道界面所形成的覆盖率达到150%以上。喷射装置在烟道界面所形成的覆盖率越高，其脱除效果越好。
[0014] 优选地，所述湿式静电烟气净化系统包括与烟道连通的湿式电除尘器、循环水池和排液箱，所述湿式电除尘器通过循环水冲洗泵与循环水池相连通，所述湿式电除尘器还与排液箱相连通，所述排液箱通过外排水泵与脱硫塔的浆液池相连通，所述烟道上靠近湿式电除尘器处设有碱液出口，所述碱液出口通过管路与排液箱相连通。大多数多余的碱液通过该出口进行回收利用，部分多余碱液被燃煤烟气夹带进入湿式静电烟气净化系统。
[0015] 湿式静电烟气净化系统的工作原理为:首先对阴极充电，使周围气体离解，产生电晕，使气流中的颗粒物带电；然后，在电场的作用下，带电颗粒物向集尘极移动并在集尘极上积累收集；最后，用清水冲洗集尘极，去除颗粒物。湿式静电烟气净化系统对酸雾、有毒重金属，尤其是PM2.5的有良好的脱除效果，可以使用湿式静电除尘器来控制电厂的SO3酸雾。
[0016] 湿式静电烟气净化系统中的湿式静电除尘器与其水循环联用，SO3酸雾雾滴在湿式静电除尘器的高压电场中被高效捕集脱除，部分SO2通过湿式静电除尘器内喷淋水及极板上的水膜捕集；碱液喷射系统内多余碱液进入湿式静电除尘系统的PH调控系统用于调节湿式静电除尘器循环水的PH值达到5以上，经过湿式静电除尘系统的废水进入脱硫塔浆液池。
[0017] 优选地，所述循环水池与喷射装置连通。喷射装置所需的喷射液既可以通过碱液配制箱提供，也可以通过循环水池提供，根据实际需要，通过控制碱液配制箱与喷射装置之间的第一控制阀的开合或通过控制循环水池与喷射装置之间的第二控制阀的开合来进行实现。
[0018] 优选地，所述循环水池与排液箱相连通，所述循环水池内设有第一搅拌装置以及PH调控装置，排液箱内设有第二搅拌装置。进入排液箱的碱液可以进入到循环水池内，并用于调节循环水的PH值，通过PH调控装置实时监控，第一搅拌装置、第二搅拌装置的设置，可以有效保证体系稳定，同时可以保证脱除效果更佳。
[0019] 本发明所述每层喷淋层分别有一套管路与浆液池相连通。可以根据实际需要，选择适宜层数的喷淋层，避免浪费，降低能耗。
[0020] 一种深度脱除燃煤烟气硫氧化物的方法，包括下述步骤:
(1)燃煤烟气由进气口进入脱硫塔，经过湿法单塔高效脱硫系统实现SO2浓度排放小于50mg/Nm3,实现SO3脱除效率达到50% ；
(2)燃煤烟气经过湿法单塔高效脱硫系统后，进入吸收剂喷射系统，碱液氢氧化钠或者氨水通过喷射装置与燃煤烟气混合，实现对SO2的进一步脱除，实现SO2浓度低于15mg/Nm3，部分SO3形成硫酸盐颗粒；
(3)燃煤烟气经过吸收剂喷射系统后，夹带部分多余的碱液进入湿式静电烟气净化系统，多余的碱液由湿式静电烟气净化系统高效脱除；另外，湿式静电烟气净化系统中的湿式静电除尘器对烟气中所形成的硫酸气溶胶进行高效脱除，实现SO2排放浓度小于5mg/Nm3，并同时脱除部分残留的硫氧化物，最终实现硫氧化物排放浓度小于20mg/Nm3 ；
(4)最后由烟®排入大气。
[0021] 燃煤烟气依次流经湿法单塔高效脱硫系统、吸收剂喷射系统和湿式静电烟气净化系统高效脱除SOx后，实现SOx的浓度小于20mg/Nm3,最后由烟囱排入大气。
[0022] 优选地，所述碱液喷射系统内多余碱液用于调节湿式静电除尘器循环水的pH值达到5以上，经过湿式静电除尘系统的废水进入脱硫塔浆液池。
[0023] 本发明的有益效果在于:
(1)在湿法单塔高效脱硫系统后增设吸收剂喷射系统，所喷射的碱液对SO2进行进一步的脱除，提高SO2的脱除效率，同时高效中和烟气中所形成的硫酸气溶胶，解决设备酸性腐蚀的问题；
(2)增设湿式静电烟气净化系统，通常的湿法脱硫系统对直径20Mm以下的雾滴无法脱除，湿式静电烟气净化系统中的湿式静电除尘器可以除去超细雾滴，实现吸收剂喷射系统后引起的液滴携带的问题，实现残余的S02、S03、硫酸盐气溶胶的高效脱除，湿式静电除尘器会对所夹带多余的碱液、PM2.5进行高效脱除，实现多种污染物的协同控制；
(3)燃煤烟气依次流经湿法单塔高效脱硫系统，吸收剂喷射系统和湿式静电烟气净化系统，最终实现SOx的浓度小于20mg/Nm3，最后由烟囱排入大气，满足大气污染排放要求；
(4)碱液、循环水可以实现循环使用，降低能耗。
附图说明
[0024] 图1是本发明的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
[0025] 下面结合附图和具体实施例对本发明作进一步说明，但本发明的保护范围并不限于此。
[0026] 实施例1
参照图1，一种深度脱除燃煤烟气硫氧化物的系统，所述系统包括湿法单塔高效脱硫系统、吸收剂喷射系统和湿式静电烟气净化系统，所述湿法单塔高效脱硫系统与吸收剂喷射系统相连通，吸收剂喷射系统与湿式静电烟气净化系统相连通，湿式静电烟气净化系统与烟囱24相连通。
[0027] 所述湿法单塔高效脱硫系统包括脱硫塔1，所述脱硫塔I下部设有进气口 2，上部设有出气口 3，进气口 2下方设有浆液池4，浆液池4上方由下而上设有2〜5层喷淋层5、I〜2层除雾器6，每层喷淋层5下方均设有相应的气液再分配构件7，其中最底层的气液再分配构件7位于进气口 2与最底层喷淋层之间，所述进气口 2处设有气流均布板8，所述出气口 3与烟道9 一端连通，烟道9另一端与湿式静电烟气净化系统连通。所述气液再分配构件为宽度100〜1200_的贴壁圆环，其角度为水平向下O〜15度。进一步的优化了脱硫喷淋脱硫塔的脱硫效果，保证脱硫塔内的气液的均布及高效接触传质，烟气经此处再进行平均分布，与喷淋浆液充分接触，提高了气液接触面积，达到提高脱硫效率目的。
[0028] 所述每层喷淋层分别有一套管路与浆液池相连通。可以根据实际需要，选择适宜层数的喷淋层，避免浪费，降低能耗。
[0029] 所述吸收剂喷射系统包括喷射装置10、计量泵11、碱液配置箱12、转移泵13和碱液贮存箱14，喷射装置10通过计量泵11与碱液配置箱12相连，碱液配置箱12通过转移泵13与碱液贮存箱14相连，所述喷射装置10布置于烟道9内并在烟道界面所形成的覆盖率达到100%以上，喷射雾滴粒径5〜300 μ m。
[0030] 沉降后的碱液经过管道进入湿式静电烟气净化系统的排液箱，吸收剂喷射系统内与S02、SO3反应后形成的硫酸盐或多余的碱液进入湿式静电烟气净化系统的湿式电除尘器，并在高压电场中被高效捕集。其中，吸收剂为氢氧化钠、氨水等碱液。
[0031] 所述湿式静电烟气净化系统包括与烟道连通的湿式电除尘器15、循环水池16和排液箱17，所述湿式电除尘器15通过循环水冲洗泵18与循环水池16相连通，所述湿式电除尘器15还与排液箱17相连通，所述排液箱17通过外排水泵19与脱硫塔的浆液池4相连通，所述烟道上靠近湿式电除尘器处设有碱液出口 20，所述碱液出口 20通过管路与排液箱17相连通。
[0032] 所述循环水池16与排液箱17相连通，所述循环水池16内设有第一搅拌装置21以及PH调控装置22，排液箱17内设有第二搅拌装置23。进入排液箱的碱液可以进入到循环水池内，并用于调节循环水的PH值，通过PH调控装置实时监控，第一搅拌装置、第二搅拌装置的设置，可以有效保证体系稳定，同时可以保证脱除效果更佳。
[0033] 所述循环水池16与喷射装置11连通。喷射装置所需的喷射液既可以通过碱液配制箱提供，也可以通过循环水池提供，根据实际需要，通过控制碱液配制箱与喷射装置之间的第一控制阀25的开合或通过控制循环水池与喷射装置之间的第二控制阀26的开合来进行实现。
[0034] 湿式静电烟气净化系统中的湿式静电除尘器与其水循环联用，SO3酸雾雾滴在湿式静电除尘器的高压电场中被高效捕集脱除，部分SO2通过湿式静电除尘器内喷淋水及极板上的水膜捕集；碱液喷射系统内多余碱液进入湿式静电除尘系统的PH调控系统用于调节湿式静电除尘器循环水的pH值达到5以上，经过湿式静电除尘系统的废水进入脱硫塔浆液池。
[0035] 实施例2
一种深度脱除燃煤烟气硫氧化物的方法，包括下述步骤:
(1)燃煤烟气由进气口进入脱硫塔，经过湿法单塔高效脱硫系统实现SO2浓度排放小于50mg/Nm3,实现SO3脱除效率达到50% ；
(2)燃煤烟气经过湿法单塔高效脱硫系统后，进入吸收剂喷射系统，碱液氢氧化钠或者氨水通过喷射装置与燃煤烟气混合，实现对SO2的进一步脱除，实现SO2浓度低于15mg/Nm3，部分SO3形成硫酸盐颗粒；
(3)燃煤烟气经过吸收剂喷射系统后，夹带部分多余的碱液进入湿式静电烟气净化系统，多余的碱液由湿式静电烟气净化系统高效脱除；另外，湿式静电烟气净化系统中的湿式静电除尘器对烟气中所形成的硫酸气溶胶进行高效脱除，实现SO2排放浓度小于5mg/Nm3，并同时脱除部分残留的硫氧化物，最终实现硫氧化物排放浓度小于20mg/Nm3 ；
(4)最后由烟®排入大气。
[0036] 燃煤烟气依次流经湿法单塔高效脱硫系统、吸收剂喷射系统和湿式静电烟气净化系统高效脱除SOx后，实现SOx的浓度小于20mg/Nm3,最后由烟囱排入大气。
[0037] 所述碱液喷射系统内多余碱液用于调节湿式静电除尘器循环水的pH值达到5以上，经过湿式静电除尘系统的废水进入脱硫塔浆液池。
Claims (10)
1.一种深度脱除燃煤烟气硫氧化物的系统，其特征在于:所述系统包括湿法单塔高效脱硫系统、吸收剂喷射系统和湿式静电烟气净化系统，所述湿法单塔高效脱硫系统与吸收剂喷射系统相连通，吸收剂喷射系统与湿式静电烟气净化系统相连通，湿式静电烟气净化系统与烟囱相连通。
2.根据权利要求1所述的深度脱除燃煤烟气硫氧化物的系统，其特征在于:所述湿法单塔高效脱硫系统包括脱硫塔，所述脱硫塔下部设有进气口，上部设有出气口，进气口下方设有浆液池，浆液池上方由下而上设有2~5层喷淋层、I~2层除雾器，每层喷淋层下方均设有相应的气液再分配构件，其中最底层的气液再分配构件位于进气口与最底层喷淋层之间，所述进气口处设有气流均布板，所述出气口与烟道一端连通，烟道另一端与湿式静电烟气净化系统连通。
3.根据权利要求2所述的深度脱除燃煤烟气硫氧化物的系统，其特征在于:所述气液再分配构件为宽度100~1200mm的贴壁圆环，其角度为水平向下O~15度。
4.根据权利要求2所述的深度脱除燃煤烟气硫氧化物的系统，其特征在于:所述吸收剂喷射系统包括喷射装置、计量泵、碱液配置箱、转移泵和碱液贮存箱，喷射装置通过计量泵与碱液配置箱相连，碱液配置箱通过转移泵与碱液贮存箱相连，所述喷射装置布置于烟道内并在烟道界面所形成的覆盖率达到100%以上，喷射雾滴粒径5~300 μ m。
5.根据权利要求4所述的深度脱除燃煤烟气硫氧化物的系统，其特征在于:所述喷射装置在烟道界面所形成的覆盖率达到150%以上。
6.根据权利要求4所述的深度脱除燃煤烟气硫氧化物的系统，其特征在于:所述湿式静电烟气净化系统包括与烟道连通的湿式电除尘器、循环水池和排液箱，所述湿式电除尘器通过循环水冲洗泵与循环水池相连通，所述湿式电除尘器还与排液箱相连通，所述排液箱通过外排水泵与脱硫塔的浆液池相连通，所述烟道上靠近湿式电除尘器处设有碱液出口，所述碱液出口通过管路与排液箱相连通。`
7.根据权利要求6所述的深度脱除燃煤烟气硫氧化物的系统，其特征在于:所述循环水池与喷射装置连通。
8.根据权利要求6所述的深度脱除燃煤烟气硫氧化物的系统，其特征在于:所述循环水池与排液箱相连通，所述循环水池内设有第一搅拌装置以及PH调控装置，排液箱内设有第二搅拌装置。
9.一种由权利要求1所述系统深度脱除燃煤烟气硫氧化物的方法，其特征在于包括下述步骤: (1)燃煤烟气由进气口进入脱硫塔，经过湿法单塔高效脱硫系统实现SO2浓度排放小于50mg/Nm3,实现SO3脱除效率达到50% ； (2)燃煤烟气经过湿法单塔高效脱硫系统后，进入吸收剂喷射系统，碱液氢氧化钠或者氨水通过喷射装置与燃煤烟气混合，实现对SO2的进一步脱除，实现SO2浓度低于15mg/Nm3，部分SO3形成硫酸盐颗粒； (3)燃煤烟气经过吸收剂喷射系统后，夹带部分多余的碱液进入湿式静电烟气净化系统，多余的碱液由湿式静电烟气净化系统高效脱除；另外，湿式静电烟气净化系统中的湿式静电除尘器对烟气中所形成的硫酸气溶胶进行高效脱除，实现SO2排放浓度小于5mg/Nm3，并同时脱除部分残留的硫氧化物，最终实现硫氧化物排放浓度小于20mg/Nm3 ；(4)最后由烟®排入大气。
10.根据权利要求9所述的深度脱除燃煤烟气硫氧化物的方法，其特征在于:所述碱液喷射系统内多余碱液用于调节湿式静电除尘器循环水的PH值达到5以上，经过湿式静电除尘系统的废水进入脱硫塔浆液`池。
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| CN104707459A (zh) * | 2015-02-28 | 2015-06-17 | 姜桂英 | 氧化镁湿法脱硫静电除雾除尘工艺及设备 |
| CN104759192A (zh) * | 2015-03-17 | 2015-07-08 | 浙江大学 | 一种低成本燃煤烟气多种污染物超低排放系统及方法 |
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| CN106179739A (zh) * | 2016-08-02 | 2016-12-07 | 中国华电科工集团有限公司 | 除尘装置及烟气除尘方法 |
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| CN104190190A (zh) * | 2014-08-14 | 2014-12-10 | 浙江润洁环境科技有限公司 | 一种除尘脱硫一体机 |
| CN104258683A (zh) * | 2014-09-30 | 2015-01-07 | 南京国电环保科技有限公司 | 一种基于含相变凝聚均流技术的湿式电除尘系统及工艺 |
| CN104707459A (zh) * | 2015-02-28 | 2015-06-17 | 姜桂英 | 氧化镁湿法脱硫静电除雾除尘工艺及设备 |
| CN104759192A (zh) * | 2015-03-17 | 2015-07-08 | 浙江大学 | 一种低成本燃煤烟气多种污染物超低排放系统及方法 |
| CN104801163A (zh) * | 2015-04-30 | 2015-07-29 | 广东理文造纸有限公司 | 一种能降低烟气中二氧化硫排放浓度的脱硫塔 |
| CN105562210A (zh) * | 2016-03-15 | 2016-05-11 | 新乐市凯新除烟设备有限公司 | 静电除烟机及静电除烟系统 |
| CN106179739A (zh) * | 2016-08-02 | 2016-12-07 | 中国华电科工集团有限公司 | 除尘装置及烟气除尘方法 |
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