background technology:
The color of pottery is to be fired and formed by color glaze, and so-called color glaze is the glassy mass that covers the lip-deep thin layer of ceramic body.Color glaze has several method according to classification, wherein, divides and has bristol glaze by base substrate, fine pottery glaze, enamel; Divide according to preparation method have raw glaze, fritted glaze, part fritted glaze, salt glaze; Divide by main or important source material have lead glaze, boron glaze, feldspar glaze, pick glaze etc.; Divide by firing temperature have low temperature glaze, high melting glaze; Divide by microstructure composition and optical property have transparent, opaque glaze, crystalline glaze etc.Various glaze make pottery present multicoloured color and pattern, have increased ceramic sight.Because glaze refers to the glassy mass that covers the lip-deep thin layer of ceramic body, therefore glaze layer can improve billet surface performance, beautifies the outward appearance of product simultaneously.Wherein, black color glaze is one of porcelain glaze colours in ancient times, and glaze is black or chocolate.The main photoghraphic coupler of black glaze is the oxidation colorants such as ferric oxide and a small amount of or micro-manganese, cobalt, copper, chromium.Common being seen russet or dun porcelain, in glaze, ferric oxide ratio is 8% left and right, as glaze layer thickeied to 1.5 millimeters time, the glaze colours burning till is black.Taking iron as photoghraphic coupler, approximately 1.5 millimeters of thick coatings, through oxydizing flame roasting, are ater.
The color glaze of pottery completes by glazing, and so-called glazing is by the glaze slip certain degree of depth, is suspended in the glaze in water, utilizes pressurized air to be sprayed onto on green compact surface.Green compact absorb soon the moisture in wet glaze and form certain harder surface.Product surface after burning till just forms the glaze layer of 300 to 400 micron thickness.The method of glazing has multiple, and wherein one is by first executing ground-coat enamel, then the method for executing the two-layer glaze colours of last layer cover-coat enamel on the basis of ground-coat enamel shows; Wherein, the enameling method of ground-coat enamel is identical with one-glaze ware, and cover-coat enamel should really be expected according to the different shape of product, different properties, and different decoration requirement, the gimmick such as adopt respectively painting, point, spray, soak, makes that glaze is rich to be changed, and occurs the decorative pattern such as flow liner, patch, look silk of anticipation.In addition, adopt the different performances such as ground-coat enamel and cover-coat enamel maturing temperature and temperature flowing, or execute high temperature ground-coat enamel low temperature cover-coat enamel and form flow liner, or execute the cover-coat enamel formation speckle etc. of low temperature ground-coat enamel comparatively high temps, also can realize the decoration of fancy glaze.Because the combination of ground-coat enamel and cover-coat enamel can realize changeable, therefore also a lot about the exploitation of the new glaze of this respect.But in the time of design ground-coat enamel or cover-coat enamel, be all normal ground-coat enamel and the cover-coat enamel formula adopting at present, as the oxide compound of common silicon and boron is used as the forming agent of glass in ceramic glaze, though the colorant adding by conversion so also can produce different artistic effects, but lack characteristic, therefore necessary in addition further research to this.
Do not find the directly bibliographical information identical with glaze of the present invention by patent retrieval, only have some similar patent literatures, related to the present invention mainly containing is following:
1, the patent No. is CN201210349692.1, name is called the patent of invention of " formula of a kind of national flag red glaze face brick and preparation method thereof ", this patent discloses formula of a kind of national flag red glaze face brick and preparation method thereof, make on the basis of great change in the production technique to existing ornamental brick not, the composition of emphasis to blank, the end, the composition of cover-coat enamel frit, the end, preferred and the proportioning of different performance frit in cover-coat enamel, cover-coat enamel complete processing, the formula composition of ground-coat enamel, biscuit water-intake rate, firing temperatures etc. are adjusted and are optimized, thereby make the national flag red glaze face brick glaze fired bright-colored brilliant, beautiful as mirror, color is pure in national flag color, moist light, if bright Chaoyang, decorative effect and aesthetic are strong.
2, the patent No. is CN200410023307.X, name is called the patent of invention of " a kind of making method of high temperature color glaze for porcelain and technique thereof ", this patent discloses a kind of making method and technique thereof of high temperature color glaze for porcelain, utilize frit protection method, first prepare according to a conventional method basic frit, then by basic frit by a certain percentage with parent glaze material assembly with metal color development material, and in the preparation of basic frit and the basic glaze with metal color development material, add in addition at least one to have lower than color development melting point metal in the basic glaze with metal color development material, the additive that oxidisability is stronger, before the not yet oxidized and distillation of this additive color development metal in the basic glaze with metal color development material, will melt in advance and be oxidized to a kind of refractory oxide and enter in glaze structural network, by improving the chemical stability of glaze layer, the high temperature viscosity of glaze, the resistance of color development metal distillation in the basic glaze of increasing with metal color development material, and fight for the oxygen in glaze, carry out in the basic glaze of boundary belt metal color development material the not oxidized and distillation of color development metal.
3, the patent No. is CN201310271498.0, name is called the patent of invention of " glazing method of ceramic wine bottle copper powder color glaze ", this patent discloses a kind of glazing method of ceramic wine bottle copper powder color glaze, it is characterized in that glaze is made up of the raw material of following weight part: Wingdale 2-3, wilkinite 15-17, attapulgite 3-4, Fe2O34-5, SiO29-11, calcite 5-6, copper powder, WO21-2, Cr2O34-5, binding agent 3-4, water are appropriate; Glaze of the present invention is mixed with copper powder, has after glaze is burnt till bronze-coloredly, and imitation ancient property is good, improves ceramic class, smooth surface flawless.
Although above-mentioned these patents have all proposed the making method of ceramic colour glaze, by carefully analyzing, find still to come with some shortcomings; Mainly in painted effect and homogeneity, and make simplicity aspect also there are some problems, so still need further to be improved.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to solve current chromatic ceramics and make more existing problems, develop a kind of coloring effect better, chromatic ceramics making method easy to make.
Based on above-mentioned imagination, the technical scheme that the present invention proposes is: a kind of ancient black color glaze making method, take ground-coat enamel to add the double-deck glaze making method of cover-coat enamel, first on idiosome, be coated with last layer ground-coat enamel, and then on ground-coat enamel, be coated with last layer cover-coat enamel, fire and form through oxydizing flame again, its feature is: the ground-coat enamel adopting is a kind of defect glaze, adopt a kind of ground-coat enamel formula of defect glaze, at the temperature of 1190-1200 DEG C, cause ground-coat enamel in the time firing, to occur the defect point of a lot of Pinhole-shapeds, and under the covering of cover-coat enamel, burn till a kind of ancient black color glaze with some pin mark holes, highlight a kind of simple and unsophisticated style.
Further, the formula of described defect glaze is the silica alumina ratio in filling a prescription by adjustment, and silica alumina ratio being controlled at account for the weight ratio of ground-coat enamel total amount is 50-70:20-30.
Further, in the formula of described defect glaze, adopt unleadedly without boron frit, cause ground-coat enamel in the time firing, to occur the point of a lot of Pinhole-shapeds.
Further, described unleadedly refer to that without boron frit in the formula of ground-coat enamel, to adopt one neither leaded, the also frit of boracic not, makes ground-coat enamel in the time firing and the sticking power of idiosome is not very even, promotes the formation of the point of Pinhole-shaped.
Further, described unleaded be to adopt separately calcite to do frit raw material without boron frit, and be mixed with frit according to ordinary method.
For realizing above-mentioned ancient black color glaze making method, the glaze proposing comprises ground-coat enamel and cover-coat enamel, and wherein ground-coat enamel adopts defect glaze formula, and the silica alumina ratio of ground-coat enamel accounts for the weight ratio 50-70:20-30 of ground-coat enamel total amount.
Further, the raw material of described ground-coat enamel composition and parts by weight proportioning thereof are as follows:
Lithium feldspar 25-35
Silicon 50-70
Calcium 10-20
Kaolin 10-20
Unleaded without boron frit 30-40
Iron oxide red 10-15
Manganous carbonate 10-15
Further, described silicon raw material is pure quartz, and described calcium is the Paris white of content more than 98%;
Further, described unleaded without boron frit for adopting separately calcite to do frit raw material, do not add lead or boron at preparation frit, make frit have certain defect;
Further, described raw material is ball grinds after mixing, then the furnishing slurry that adds water is made ground-coat enamel.
Further, the raw material of described cover-coat enamel composition and parts by weight proportioning thereof are as follows:
Potassium felspar sand 20-30
Albite 20-30
Silicon 9-10
Calcium 11-13
Wollastonite 12-15
Guizhou clay 6-8
Preparing ceramic clinker 5-7
Aluminium powder 10-20
Cobalt black 10-20
Further, described silicon raw material is pure quartz, and described calcium is the Paris white of content more than 98%;
Further, described wollastonite is low temperature three belites;
Further, described preparing ceramic clinker is dumb light frit;
Further, described raw material is ball grinds after mixing, then the furnishing slurry that adds water is made ground-coat enamel.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: the present invention is by the collocation of ground-coat enamel and cover-coat enamel, adopt the ground-coat enamel formula of defect glaze, make the silica alumina ratio of ground-coat enamel account for the weight ratio 50-70:20-30 of ground-coat enamel total amount, can make like this ground-coat enamel in the time firing, produce some pin holes, change the way that traditional frit adopts lead or boron simultaneously, adopt the unleaded character that further changes ground-coat enamel without boron frit, make ground-coat enamel in the time firing, occur the Pinhole-shaped point that some are artificial, these points are under the covering of cover-coat enamel, form a kind of simple and unsophisticated ceramic style, other tool local flavor.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention will be further described.
embodiment mono-
A kind of ancient black color glaze making method, take ground-coat enamel to add the double-deck glaze making method of cover-coat enamel, first on idiosome, be coated with last layer ground-coat enamel, and then on ground-coat enamel, be coated with last layer cover-coat enamel, fire and form through oxydizing flame again, its feature is: the ground-coat enamel adopting is a kind of defect glaze, adopt a kind of ground-coat enamel formula of defect glaze, at the temperature of 1190-1200 DEG C, cause ground-coat enamel in the time firing, to occur the point of a lot of Pinhole-shapeds, and under the covering of cover-coat enamel, burn till a kind of ancient black color glaze with some pin holes, highlight a kind of simple and unsophisticated style.
The formula of described defect glaze is the silica alumina ratio in filling a prescription by adjustment, silica alumina ratio is controlled at account for the weight ratio 50-70:20-30 of ground-coat enamel total amount.
In the formula of described defect glaze, adopt unleadedly without boron frit, cause ground-coat enamel in the time firing, to occur the point of a lot of Pinhole-shapeds.
Described unleadedly refer to that without boron frit in the formula of ground-coat enamel, to adopt one neither leaded, the also frit of boracic not, makes ground-coat enamel in the time firing and the sticking power of idiosome is not very even, promotes the formation of the point of Pinhole-shaped.
Described unleaded be to adopt separately calcite to do frit raw material without boron frit, and be mixed with frit according to ordinary method.
For realizing above-mentioned ancient black color glaze making method, the glaze proposing comprises ground-coat enamel and cover-coat enamel, and wherein ground-coat enamel adopts defect glaze formula, and the silica alumina ratio of ground-coat enamel accounts for the weight ratio 50-70:20-30 of ground-coat enamel total amount.
Further, the raw material of described ground-coat enamel composition and parts by weight proportioning thereof are as follows:
Lithium feldspar 25
Silicon 50
Calcium 10
Kaolin 10
Unleaded without boron frit 30
Iron oxide red 10
Manganous carbonate 10
Described silicon raw material is pure quartz, and described calcium is the Paris white of content more than 98%;
Described unleaded without boron frit be described unleaded without boron frit for adopting separately calcite to do frit raw material, do not add lead or boron at preparation frit, make frit have certain defect;
Described raw material is ball grinds after mixing, and original median size is 1 ~ 3 μ m, then the furnishing slurry that adds water is made ground-coat enamel.
Raw material composition and the parts by weight proportioning thereof of described cover-coat enamel are as follows:
Potassium felspar sand 20
Albite 20
Silicon 9
Calcium 11
Wollastonite 12
Guizhou clay 6
Preparing ceramic clinker 5
Aluminium powder 10
Cobalt black 10
Described silicon raw material is pure quartz, and described calcium is the Paris white of content more than 98%;
Described wollastonite is low temperature three belites;
Described preparing ceramic clinker is dumb light frit;
Described raw material is ball grinds after mixing, then the furnishing slurry that adds water is made ground-coat enamel.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: the present invention is by the collocation of ground-coat enamel and cover-coat enamel, adopt the ground-coat enamel formula of defect glaze, make the silica alumina ratio of ground-coat enamel account for the weight ratio 50:20 of ground-coat enamel total amount, can make like this ground-coat enamel in the time firing, produce some pin holes, change the way that traditional frit adopts lead or boron simultaneously, adopt the unleaded character that further changes ground-coat enamel without boron frit, make ground-coat enamel in the time firing, occur the Pinhole-shaped point that some are artificial, these points are under the covering of cover-coat enamel, form a kind of simple and unsophisticated ceramic style, other tool local flavor.
embodiment bis-
A kind of ancient black color glaze making method, take ground-coat enamel to add the double-deck glaze making method of cover-coat enamel, first on idiosome, be coated with last layer ground-coat enamel, and then on ground-coat enamel, be coated with last layer cover-coat enamel, fire and form through oxydizing flame again, its feature is: the ground-coat enamel adopting is a kind of defect glaze, adopt a kind of ground-coat enamel formula of defect glaze, at the temperature of 1190-1200 DEG C, cause ground-coat enamel in the time firing, to occur the point of a lot of Pinhole-shapeds, and under the covering of cover-coat enamel, burn till a kind of ancient black color glaze with some pin marks, highlight a kind of simple and unsophisticated style.
The formula of described defect glaze is the silica alumina ratio in filling a prescription by adjustment, silica alumina ratio is controlled at account for the weight ratio 70:30 of ground-coat enamel total amount.
In the formula of described defect glaze, adopt unleadedly without boron frit, cause ground-coat enamel in the time firing, to occur the point of a lot of Pinhole-shapeds.
Described unleadedly refer to that without boron frit in the formula of ground-coat enamel, to adopt one neither leaded, the also frit of boracic not, makes ground-coat enamel in the time firing and the sticking power of idiosome is not very even, promotes the formation of the point of Pinhole-shaped.
For realizing above-mentioned ancient black color glaze making method, the glaze proposing comprises ground-coat enamel and cover-coat enamel, and wherein ground-coat enamel adopts defect glaze formula, and the silica alumina ratio of ground-coat enamel accounts for the weight ratio 50-70:20-30 of ground-coat enamel total amount.
Further, the raw material of described ground-coat enamel composition and proportioning thereof are as follows:
Lithium feldspar 35
Silicon 70
Calcium 20
Kaolin 20
Unleaded without boron frit 40
Iron oxide red 15
Manganous carbonate 15
Described silicon raw material is pure quartz, and described calcium is the Paris white of content more than 98%;
Described unleaded be calcium carbonate mineral without boron frit;
Described raw material is ball grinds after mixing, then the furnishing slurry that adds water is made ground-coat enamel.
Raw material composition and the proportioning thereof of described cover-coat enamel are as follows:
Potassium felspar sand 30
Albite 30
Silicon 10
Calcium 13
Wollastonite 15
Guizhou clay 8
Preparing ceramic clinker 7
Aluminium powder 20
Cobalt black 20
Described silicon raw material is pure quartz, and described calcium is the Paris white of content more than 98%;
Described wollastonite is low temperature three belites;
Described preparing ceramic clinker is dumb light frit;
Described raw material is ball grinds after mixing, then the furnishing slurry that adds water is made ground-coat enamel.
embodiment tri-
A kind of ancient black color glaze making method, take ground-coat enamel to add the double-deck glaze making method of cover-coat enamel, first on idiosome, be coated with last layer ground-coat enamel, and then on ground-coat enamel, be coated with last layer cover-coat enamel, fire and form through oxydizing flame again, its feature is: the ground-coat enamel adopting is a kind of defect glaze, adopt a kind of ground-coat enamel formula of defect glaze, at the temperature of 1190-1200 DEG C, cause ground-coat enamel in the time firing, to occur the defect point of a lot of Pinhole-shapeds, and under the covering of cover-coat enamel, burn till a kind of ancient black color glaze with some pin mark holes, highlight a kind of simple and unsophisticated style.
Further, the formula of described defect glaze is the silica alumina ratio in filling a prescription by adjustment, and silica alumina ratio being controlled at account for the weight ratio of ground-coat enamel total amount is 60:25.
Further, in the formula of described defect glaze, adopt unleadedly without boron frit, cause ground-coat enamel in the time firing, to occur the point of a lot of Pinhole-shapeds.
Further, described unleadedly refer to that without boron frit in the formula of ground-coat enamel, to adopt one neither leaded, the also frit of boracic not, makes ground-coat enamel in the time firing and the sticking power of idiosome is not very even, promotes the formation of the point of Pinhole-shaped.
Further, described unleaded be to adopt separately calcite to do frit raw material without boron frit, and be mixed with frit according to ordinary method.
For realizing above-mentioned ancient black color glaze making method, the glaze proposing comprises ground-coat enamel and cover-coat enamel, and wherein ground-coat enamel adopts defect glaze formula, and the silica alumina ratio of ground-coat enamel accounts for the weight ratio 50-70:20-30 of ground-coat enamel total amount.
Further, the raw material of described ground-coat enamel composition and parts by weight proportioning thereof are as follows:
Lithium feldspar 28
Silicon 60
Calcium 16
Kaolin 17
Unleaded without boron frit 35
Iron oxide red 13
Manganous carbonate 12
Further, described silicon raw material is pure quartz, and described calcium is the Paris white of content more than 98%;
Further, described unleaded without boron frit for adopting separately calcite to do frit raw material, do not add lead or boron at preparation frit, make frit have certain defect;
Further, described raw material is ball grinds after mixing, then the furnishing slurry that adds water is made ground-coat enamel.
Further, the raw material of described cover-coat enamel composition and parts by weight proportioning thereof are as follows:
Potassium felspar sand 25
Albite 25
Silicon 9.5
Calcium 12
Wollastonite 13
Guizhou clay 7
Preparing ceramic clinker 6
Aluminium powder 15
Cobalt black 16
Further, described silicon raw material is pure quartz, and described calcium is the Paris white of content more than 98%;
Further, described wollastonite is low temperature three belites;
Further, described preparing ceramic clinker is dumb light frit;
Further, described raw material is ball grinds after mixing, then the furnishing slurry that adds water is made ground-coat enamel.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: the present invention is by the collocation of ground-coat enamel and cover-coat enamel, adopt the ground-coat enamel formula of defect glaze, make the silica alumina ratio of ground-coat enamel account for the weight ratio 50-70:20-30 of ground-coat enamel total amount, can make like this ground-coat enamel in the time firing, produce some pin holes, change the way that traditional frit adopts lead or boron simultaneously, adopt the unleaded character that further changes ground-coat enamel without boron frit, make ground-coat enamel in the time firing, occur the Pinhole-shaped point that some are artificial, these points are under the covering of cover-coat enamel, form a kind of simple and unsophisticated ceramic style, other tool local flavor.