CN103787507A - Multifunctional stereo ecological floating island - Google Patents

Multifunctional stereo ecological floating island Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103787507A
CN103787507A CN201410076651.9A CN201410076651A CN103787507A CN 103787507 A CN103787507 A CN 103787507A CN 201410076651 A CN201410076651 A CN 201410076651A CN 103787507 A CN103787507 A CN 103787507A
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water
dish
ecological floating
buoyant device
floating island
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CN103787507B (en
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冯雷
何馨
刘佳琳
蔡静雯
刘嘉岚
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Abstract

The invention discloses a manufacturing method, a using method, characteristics and the effect of a multifunctional stereo ecological floating island and belongs to one technology in the field of ecological environment recovery. The multifunctional stereo ecological floating island is suitable for popularization in the urban water body recovery field. The multifunctional stereo ecological floating island is different from other plane ecological floating islands, is suitable for planting of common aquatic plants and a lot of terrestrial plants, the species of plants planted in the ecological floating island can be greatly increased, and water quality purification, urban greening and ecological effect are unified perfectly. The multifunctional stereo ecological floating island consists of three portions, wherein each portion consists of several parts which can be industrially produced, can be assembled and disassembled and is easy to operate and convenient to maintain. The multifunctional stereo ecological floating island is flexible in use and can be applied to various water bodies according to the actual conditions, and a using range of the ecological floating island is widened.

Description

Multifunctional stereo formula ecological floating island
Technical field
The present invention can be used for the improvement of urban water-body purification of water quality, urban afforestation and environment, specifically belong to a kind of ecotope recovery technique, use biological technology and method, the ecotope in city is repaired, improve urban life environment, promote the sustainable development of the city.
Background technology
Because people only focus on economic fast development; and the protection of ignorance ecotope; nowadays; the serious threats of problem such as topsoil, water pollute, vegetation suffers to destroy, wildlife is fewer and feweri are to the mankind's the survival and development, and all developed countries in the world and most developing country are using environment protection and the basic major issue of improvement as this country.China is no exception, and water pollution incident, haze event that China is in economic Rapid development stage, particularly recent years have increased the attention of people to environment protection and improvement, though the starting of the environmental protection cause of China is late, develops also very rapid.
Nowadays city develop rapidly, ecotope is destroyed, and many forests and wetland are replaced by the mixed woods soil of reinforcing bar, and many wildlifes have lost the home of oneself depending on for existence, and city is also owing to lacking wildlife, lacking green, and scenery is single, has no life.How existing many people also to increase green coverage in constantly research city, how for wildlife provides habitat, allow city turn green, allow wildlife get back to city, for city increases vigor and vitality, as built Forest Park in city, building wetland park etc.But at urbanization degree high today, an inch of land is an inch of gold, increase The Surroundings in Cities capacity and be subject to the restriction of land supply.
Nowadays townie people no longer focus on the abundant of material, but more and more focus on the improvement of living environment, and people more and more yearn for full of green, the life of brightness of flowers and birdsongs.
The improvement of urban water-body is the important ring that urban environment is administered, also be a ring that is difficult to improvement, the pollution of urban water-body comprises that Sewage Pollution, industrial sewage pollute, the pollution of the discarded rubbish of solid, how better existing many people also in research Treating Municipal Sewage, comprising the improvement method of physics, improvement method and the biological improvement method of chemistry, though improvement method physics and chemical has certain effect, but cost is high, do not meet the idea of Sustainable development, enjoy people pay close attention to and extensively adopt be biological improvement method.
Ecological floating island is exactly to adopt biological improvement method to administer a kind of ecological reestablishment of sewage, traditional ecological floating island is exactly that the material that adopts plastic foam, wood, bamboo etc. to have very large buoyancy is built the same stereo facility in Yi Gexiang island on the water surface, then establish planting matrix in the above, configure the facility of each kind of plant.It can make full use of urban water-body without green coverage in the situation that in land, city, and one can increase city's green areas, and two can purifying city water body, and three can provide habitat for wildlife.
According to us to the various research about ecological floating island patent and technology thereof both at home and abroad, there are a lot of such and such shortcomings in existing ecological floating island, mainly be summarized as three aspects, be to make on the one hand material, material adopts wood, plastic blister wood, bamboo mostly, and these materials are unstable, easily corrosion, this just makes with the ecological floating island of these material making short duration of service, and easily causes secondary pollution; Two aspects are production process, mostly make complicated, can not scale operation, the use range that this just limits ecological floating island, is confined to park, culture pond, sewage work, these smaller water bodys of waterworks, can not large-scale promotion use; Three aspects: is plant growing, the floristics that can plant on ecological floating island is few, the plant that is used at present ecological floating island has: Canna generalis Bailey, reed, reed, Itanlian rye, barnyard grass, Caulis Miscanthis floriduli, Herba Eleusines Indicae, cattail, calamus, Rhizome of Grass leaf Sweelflag, the floating calamus of water, Alocasia ordora, Herba Eichhorniae, Radix Rumicis, Chinese celery, water spinach, Flos Sesami indici, parasol grass, Medulla Junci are waterplant entirely.
For example, publication number is that CN284884Y discloses a kind of ecological floating island, form by four layers, topmost one deck is batten grid layer, and the second layer is foam layer, and the 3rd layer is plastic grid coral layer, the 4th layer is bamboo cane clathrum, plant growing is in batten lattice coral layer, and this ecological floating island material therefor is perishable, and duration of service is short.Publication number is that CN203200079U discloses a kind of ecological floating island, name is called combined type artificial ecological floating island, make a buoyant framework of tool by hollow material, on framework, fix a fishing net, under framework, fix artificial aquatic weed, on fishing net, plant waterplant, although the making of this ecological floating island is got up very simple, but simply make it have significant limitation, can only plant the pleuston as Herba Eichhorniae.Publication number is that CN103145249A discloses a kind of ecological floating island, name is called the adjustable composite ecological floating island of a kind of built-up type, first fix four plastics tubings in river bed, as fixing of four jiaos of rectangle ecological floating islands, ecological floating island adopts polyethylene or polypropylene pipe to make, be reticulated structure, then such ecological floating island is in layer fixed on fixed leg, what have is fixing dead, what have can be up and down, fixing foundation is the requirement of institute's kind of plant to water level, finally in grid, place ready-made planting frame, the inside kind of plant, at the bottom of planting frame, can also hang biologic packing material.What in patent, narrate is two-layer, and what planted on upper strata is emergent, and what lower floor planted is submerged plant, and lower floor is fixing dead, and upper strata can move up and down, and employing float provides extra buoyancy.Though this ecological floating island purposes is many, can only be used for the water body that water is shallow, can not be used for the water body that change of level is larger, in addition, make trouble, complicated operation, can not large-scale promotion.
Summary of the invention
The present invention has following characteristics: 1, make material and be not easy corrosion, firm and durable, has certain wind and wave resistance performance; 2, assembly and disassembly is simple, and easy to use and flexible can be used for various water bodys, is not subject to the impact of the depth of water, adapts to the variation of water level; 3, be three-dimensional, not only can plant waterplant, can also plant terrestrial plant; 4, urban afforestation, purification of water quality, ecologic effect unification are combined.
The present invention is made up of three parts: stationary installation, planting tray, buoyant device.Stationary installation is made up of spud pile, movable rope and positioning rope, and planting tray comprises water surface planting dish and Water cultivating dish, and buoyant device is by fixed buoyancy device and buoyancy force adjustable installation composition.
Planting tray.Planting tray of the present invention comprises three kinds of parts, water surface planting dish, Water cultivating dish, Plant basket and supporting tube, all parts all adopt polyvinyl chloride injection moulding, when use, assemble again, bonding with plastics glue, this has just increased intensity and the corrosion resistance of ecological floating island greatly, has increased the working life of ecological floating island.Water surface planting dish hollow, can reduce deadweight, and buoyancy can be provided again, places 8 Plant baskets in water surface planting dish, and planting aquatic plants in Plant basket, comprises emergent and pleuston.Plant basket does not connect together with planting tray, but can load onto and take off, this has just deducted difficulty and the trouble of directly in planting tray, planting waterplant, but by land, adopts cultivation technique without soil, with the water of target water body, first by waterplant kind in Plant basket, cultivate bed on cultivate, after it survives, move in waterborne, the Plant basket of ining succession is put in water surface planting dish together again.Waterplant kind, on ecological floating island, often as purifying water, treats that it grows up witheredly, need to shift out, now only it need be taken off together with planting tray, greatly reduce the difficulty of harvesting, by land Plant basket be taken off, withered plant is dealt carefully with, and Plant basket reclaims, and use the coming year again.In Water cultivating dish, can plant emergent and part terrestrial plant, an aperture is arranged at the bottom of Water cultivating dish, for draining, be also used to the root of plant that moisture is provided, upper part of Water cultivating dish is larger, can plant a lot of plants, between upper part and water surface planting dish, be connected with supporting tube, in supporting tube, load water-absorbing material, be used to the plant in planting tray that moisture is provided, supporting tube also, for supporting planting tray, increases its capacity of anti-storm.
Buoyant device.First make buoyant device framework with pvc pipe material, as required, make certain shape, end face is divided into Ge Shan with pvc pipe material, and each lattice just in time can be fixed a planting tray, fixes with snap close, can dismantle, that is to say, a buoyant device can be fixed multiple planting trays.Buoyant device framework is divided into a lot of airtight segments, and one section is destroyed water inlet, is unlikely to make whole buoyant device loss of function.According to the three-dimensional multifunctional ecological chinampa gross weight of measuring and calculating, calculate required buoyancy, the present invention adopts simple and easy floatoblast that buoyancy is provided, according to practical situation, at the fixing simple and easy floatoblast in four sides of octahedra framework, fix with nylon cable tie, can dismantle, the buoyancy of simple and easy floatoblast can regulate at any time according to the variation of load-carrying.Simple and easy floatoblast is the semicircle cylindricality net that first does a unlimited hole, an one end, claim simple and easy floatoblast basket, material adopts corrosion-resistant, to have intensity PVC, the same Shooting Technique that adopts, in net, fill out discarded mineral water bottle, bottle will seal, and also can load some other the airtight object of hollow, this floatoblast is not easy destroyed, and a mineral water bottle is punctured into water is unlikely to make floatoblast loss of function.
Stationary installation.Spud pile is stainless steel tube or concrete stake, one group has four, firmly stand on riverbed, form a rectangle, fixed link is divided into two rows, and two spud piles in a row connect with positioning rope, positioning rope is nylon rope corrosion-resistant, that be not easy stretching, extension, two rows are parallel to each other, between the distance apart width degree that equals buoyant device add that the length of a movable rope adds anti-tampering distance, anti-tampering distance is to prevent that buoyant device and positioning rope from disturbing mutually.Movable rope is also nylon rope, for connecting buoyant device and positioning rope.The height of spud pile is the height of flood stage, and positioning rope is positioned under ordinary water level, and the junction of positioning rope and fixed link adopts adjustable fixed pulley, maintains easily management.The length of movable rope is 1/2nd of maximum stage variation, generally fix a movable rope four jiaos of buoyant device are each, two of tops movable rope is fixed on a positioning rope, and following two are fixed on another root positioning rope, on two positioning ropes, can fix several buoyant devices.This stationary installation is not subject to the impact of the depth of water, on compared with deep water body, builds ecological floating island, and spud pile is beaten at the shallow place of bank water.This stationary installation can adapt to the variation of water level.
Plants configuration.The present invention has two planting trays, one dried up near, one dried up far away, this just provides two kinds of growing environments, not only current on ecological floating island plantable waterplant can in the present invention, configure, but also increased a lot of terrestrial plants, such as greengrocery, corn, Chinese rose, tree peony, jasmine, matrimony vine, rose, Flos Inulae, tulbaghia violacea, the tuber of dwarf lilyturf class and dwarf lilyturf class, coronule flower, tawny daylily, sweet potato, climing Changchun etc., greatly increased can be on ecological floating island the kind of planting plants.Water surface planting dish kind waterplant, adopts soilless culture, and major function is water purification, and the perennial terrestrial plant of essential species in Water cultivating dish will select a smaller terrestrial plant plantation, major function for greening, make scape, provide habitat for wildlife.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is planting tray of the present invention and buoyant device two portions
Fig. 2 is planting tray of the present invention
Fig. 3 is Water cultivating dish of the present invention
Fig. 4 is water surface planting dish of the present invention
Fig. 5 is supporting tube of the present invention
Fig. 6 is plantation basket of the present invention
Fig. 7 is snap close of the present invention
Fig. 8 is buoyant device of the present invention
Fig. 9 is buoyant device framework of the present invention
Figure 10 is simple and easy floatoblast of the present invention
Figure 11 is simple and easy floatoblast basket of the present invention
Figure 12 is the airtight object model of hollow that the present invention uses
Figure 13 is the vertical view of the embodiment of the present invention
1---riverbank 2---spud pile 3---positioning rope 4---movable rope
Figure 14 is the left view of the embodiment of the present invention
5---flood stage 6---ordinary water level 7---draughty water level 8---anti-tampering distance 9---movable rope length
Figure 15 is the front view of the embodiment of the present invention
Embodiment
Adopt Shooting Technique, use PVC according to certain size, injection moulding Water cultivating dish as shown in Figure 3 respectively, water surface planting dish as shown in Figure 4, water surface planting dish hollow, the plantation basket shown in Fig. 6; With rubber injection mold snap close as shown in Figure 7, snap close has certain toughness, energy Reusability; The pvc pipe of certain specification is cut into required length, as shown in Figure 5, makes supporting tube, in supporting tube, load water-absorbing sponge; By Water cultivating dish, supporting tube, water surface planting dish, snap close, by assembling as shown in Figure 2, joint is bonding with PVC glue, and Plant basket can be movable, can install on water surface planting basket, removable again.
The pvc pipe material of certain specification is cut into certain length segment, one end seal strip of each section is closed, and adopts right-angle tee, right angle four-way according to assembling as shown in Figure 9, and junction adopts PVC glue, form a buoyant device framework, in have a lot of sealed cabins.Become simple and easy floatoblast basket as shown in figure 11 with rubber injection mold, simple and easy floatoblast basket has certain elasticity, an aperture is left in one end, be used for putting to the inside Coke bottle, as shown in figure 12, body and bottle cap connecting place adopt plastics glue permanent seal to get up to the model of Coke bottle, the Coke bottle of good seal is put in simple and easy floatoblast basket, also can put other hollow closed units, after piling, aperture nylon rope be stitched, with the simple and easy floatoblast forming as shown in figure 10.Simple and easy floatoblast is tied up to the surrounding at buoyant device with nylon cable tie, can decide the number that simple and easy floatoblast is installed according to the required buoyancy of reality, as shown in Figure 8, just make a buoyant device, in order to purify water, can also hang biologic packing material below buoyant device.
Planting tray is arranged on buoyant device, in planting tray, has snap close, directly snap close is sticked on buoyant device framework,, be fixed up, as shown in Figure 1 through an aperture on snap close with nylon cable tie.
In planting tray, load planting matrix on the water, plant in kind, the little terrestrial plant of general kind stature, again kind there is is the plantation basket of waterplant to put in water surface planting dish, waterplant adopts soilless culture, in culture bed by land, cultivate and survive, finally this unit, three-dimensional multifunctional ecological chinampa is fixed in ready-made stationary installation, stationary installation is arranged in target water body.
Stationary installation can be suitable for the water body of the various depth of waters, as shown in figure 13, in the shallow place of the not far depth of water from riverbank, lay spud pile, spud pile can be the steel pipe of certain specification, also can be concrete stake, lay two stakes on riverbank, one side, the other side riverbank is corresponding lays two stakes, two relative both sides, river stakes are coupled together with positioning rope, the adjustable fixed pulley of the upper employing of one of them stake, be used for tightening up positioning rope, positioning rope is as far as possible in underwater, the length of positioning rope and thickness will be determined according to practical situation, the length that the width that the distance of upper and lower two positioning ropes equals three-dimensional multifunctional ecological chinampa adds a positioning rope adds anti-tampering distance, anti-tampering distance prevents that three-dimensional multifunctional ecological chinampa and positioning rope from disturbing mutually and establishing, see Figure 14, then on positioning rope, fix movable rope, the length that distance between movable rope equals three-dimensional multifunctional ecological chinampa adds the anti-distance of colliding, the anti-distance of colliding prevents that two three-dimensional multifunctional ecological chinampas from colliding and establishing, the length of movable rope is calculated like this because of this: the length of establishing movable rope is x, anti-tampering distance is a, in the middle of 1 year, top water-level and lowest water level differ as h, ?
Figure BSA0000101598750000051
the setting of anti-tampering distance will be considered the effect of expanding with heat and contract with cold of nylon rope, by a and h substitution, obtains x, is the length of movable rope.One end of movable rope is fixed on positioning rope, and the other end is equipped with closeable hook, is directly hung on Chang Bian mid-way, three-dimensional multifunctional ecological chinampa, sees Figure 13.
Embodiment 1
The three-dimensional ecological floating island unit height overall 60cm that we make, comprises planting tray and buoyant device, total length 223cm, and beam overall 107cm, above has 8 planting trays, 6 of simple and easy floatoblasts, as shown in Figure 1.The matrix of loading from top to bottom in water surface planting basket is followed successively by cobble, 5cm grit, 5cm sandy soil, the 15cm fertile soil of 5cm, plant a Chinese rose, Chinese rose is planted upper Lu Sheng herbaceous plant around, in water surface planting dish, plant Chinese celery, by this three-dimensional biological floating bed being put in the poor water body of place's water quality in implants garden, campus.

Claims (12)

1. three-dimensional multifunctional ecological chinampa, it is characterized in that, formed by planting tray, buoyant device and stationary installation, planting tray comprises Water cultivating dish, supporting tube, water surface planting dish, plantation basket, snap close, buoyant device comprises buoyant device framework, simple and easy floatoblast, simple and easy floatoblast comprises again simple and easy floatoblast basket, airtight hollow object, and stationary installation comprises spud pile, positioning rope, movable rope, adjustable fixed pulley, can closed link up with.
2. three-dimensional multifunctional ecological according to claim 1 chinampa, it is characterized in that, Water cultivating dish, water surface planting dish, plantation basket adopts polyvinyl chloride injection molded according to fixed size, supporting tube, buoyant device framework adopts the pvc pipe of certain specification to make, snap close, semicircle cylindricality net adopts rubber injection molded according to fixed size, airtight hollow object adopts discarded Plastic Bottle, such as Coca-Cola bottle, fix the steel pipe or the concrete column that adopt certain specification, positioning rope, movable rope is nylon rope, adjustablely determine the wheel of the law and can closed hook be stainless steel, each component part can be realized suitability for industrialized production, favourable its popularization, it can assemble, can dismantle again, maintain easily management, in addition, it has realized waterplant and terrestrial plant is planted on ecological floating island simultaneously, realize urban afforestation, the unification of purification of water quality and ecologic effect three large functions.
3. Water cultivating dish according to claim 2, is characterized in that, is made up of two cylinders not of uniform size, in the above, but its height is less than cylinder below to large diameter cylinder, and inside hollows out, an aperture is arranged at small column bottom, for draining, the bottom of big column keeps to the side and is uniform-distribution with 8 circular holes, for filling supporting tube, large plant of root system of among of Water cultivating dish, such as Chinese rose, the plant that edge species root system is little, such as grass.
4. supporting tube according to claim 2, is characterized in that, supporting tube is for supporting upper part of water surface planting dish, prevent from being overturned by stormy waves, in addition, in supporting tube, fill out water-absorbing material, upwards absorbed water by the water surface, for the plant that in Water cultivating dish, root system is little provides moisture.
5. water surface planting dish according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, hollow, can be for three-dimensional multifunctional ecological chinampa provides buoyancy, there is a macropore centre, for the upper planting tray that discharges water, there are 8 apertures at edge near macropore, be used for filling supporting tube, have 8 larger holes near the edge of water surface planting dish, for filling plantation basket.
6. plantation basket according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, can dismantle, during first waterplant is on land culture bed, cultivate waterplant with this plantation basket, treat that it survives, again its placement is placed on the three-dimensional Multifunctional ecological floating bed of target water body, in the time that it gathers in, only waterplant need be unloaded together with plantation basket to plantation basket recycling.
7. snap close according to claim 2, is characterized in that, with there being the rubber of certain toughness to make, front have an aperture, and for wearing nylon cable tie, planting tray is used this snap close with being connected of buoyant device, facilitates planting tray not needing the used time to disassemble.
8. planting tray according to claim 1, is characterized in that, planting tray is assembled by Water cultivating dish, supporting tube, water surface planting dish, plantation basket, snap close, except plantation basket, and plastics glue permanent connection for other interelements.
9. buoyant device framework according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, be spliced with pvc pipe material, can be spliced into different shape according to needs, and be divided into many seal sections, guarantee one section destroyed after, be unlikely to other also water inlet, make its thorough loss of function, this is the utilization of the sealed cabin principle of ship.
10. simple and easy floatoblast basket according to claim 2, is characterized in that, there is a plane side, be convenient to tie up on buoyant device framework, have a bottom surface to leave a hole, be used for putting to the inside airtight hollow object, such as Plastic Bottle, this uses the principle of sealed cabin equally.
11. buoyant devices according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, buoyant device framework can be according to requiring, be combined into different shape with pvc pipe material, the usage quantity of simple and easy floatoblast also can be determined according to practical situation, the binding of simple and easy floatoblast and buoyant device framework adopts nylon cable tie, can hang biologic packing material, to strengthen its purifying water effect under buoyant device framework.
12. stationary installations according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, on two relative spud piles, adjustable fixed pulley is housed on one, be used for tightening up positioning rope, adopt movable rope, guarantee that there is certain scope of activity on three-dimensional multifunctional ecological chinampa, can adapt to the variation of water level, movable rope one end is fixed on positioning rope, closeable hook is equipped with in one end, hangs on four jiaos of buoyant device framework, facilitates the maintenance management on three-dimensional multifunctional ecological chinampa.
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CN104944690A (en) * 2015-06-03 2015-09-30 郑州山水丹环境技术有限公司 Eutrophic governance and desilt system for enclosed body of water and operating method
CN105776549A (en) * 2016-01-26 2016-07-20 中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所 Floating mat fixing device for modularized replaceable floating mat quantitative sampling monomers
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CN110845014A (en) * 2019-10-31 2020-02-28 深圳市建筑科学研究院股份有限公司 Artificial floating island
CN111802156A (en) * 2020-07-14 2020-10-23 中国水利水电科学研究院 Method for restoring hydro-fluctuation belt by utilizing ecological mulberry
CN112385435A (en) * 2020-10-27 2021-02-23 同济大学 Three-dimensional ecological soft island and construction method thereof
CN113149225A (en) * 2021-03-31 2021-07-23 东北师范大学 Submerged reef submersible ecological floating island device and method suitable for wetland

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CN104186235A (en) * 2014-08-27 2014-12-10 北京东方园林股份有限公司 Planting device and method enabling submerged plants to be harvested conveniently
CN104671420B (en) * 2015-03-04 2018-06-01 重庆文理学院 It is lower to flow denitrification chinampa
CN104671420A (en) * 2015-03-04 2015-06-03 重庆文理学院 Downward-flow denitrification floating island
CN104944690A (en) * 2015-06-03 2015-09-30 郑州山水丹环境技术有限公司 Eutrophic governance and desilt system for enclosed body of water and operating method
CN105776549A (en) * 2016-01-26 2016-07-20 中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所 Floating mat fixing device for modularized replaceable floating mat quantitative sampling monomers
CN105776549B (en) * 2016-01-26 2019-02-26 中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所 A kind of fixed device of the floating mat of the replaceable floating mat quantitative sampling monomer of modularization
CN107494238A (en) * 2017-08-10 2017-12-22 丽水市农业科学研究院 A kind of platform-type forest waterborne of rack or gardens and orchards construction method
CN108658236A (en) * 2018-04-17 2018-10-16 东华大学 It is a kind of to be easy to plant regulatory and the water purification of recycling is composite ecological bed
CN110204047A (en) * 2019-01-17 2019-09-06 中国环境科学研究院 A method of it is ecological bed to construct high dense planting fixed point reoxygenation fixation
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CN112385435A (en) * 2020-10-27 2021-02-23 同济大学 Three-dimensional ecological soft island and construction method thereof
CN113149225A (en) * 2021-03-31 2021-07-23 东北师范大学 Submerged reef submersible ecological floating island device and method suitable for wetland

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