JP2011212527A - Water quality improving method - Google Patents

Water quality improving method Download PDF

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JP2011212527A
JP2011212527A JP2010081020A JP2010081020A JP2011212527A JP 2011212527 A JP2011212527 A JP 2011212527A JP 2010081020 A JP2010081020 A JP 2010081020A JP 2010081020 A JP2010081020 A JP 2010081020A JP 2011212527 A JP2011212527 A JP 2011212527A
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water
light shielding
floating island
frame
vegetation floating
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JP5558891B2 (en
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Taro Okamoto
太郎 岡本
Yoshihiko Shimada
義彦 島多
Shinichiro Sato
紳一郎 佐藤
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Fujita Corp
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
    • Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish

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Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a water quality improving method capable of improving water quality at low cost without ruining the scenery at the water's edge.SOLUTION: In a closed water area 11 such as lakes and marshes, a vegetation floating island 12 is moored, and a plurality of light-shielding materials 13 are installed at the outer periphery of this. The light-shielding material 13 is formed in a sheet-like shape having a light-shielding function comprising a floating foaming material (member) such as polystyrene, EVA, or urethane; and it is installed at a framework installed at a frame 15 of the vegetation floating island 12 at the both-sided piece part. The light-shielding material 13 is arranged at the prescribed depth in the water and shields sunlight in the water. Thereby, the light-shielding area is expanded without expanding the area exposed at the water surface, so that the effect of inhibiting phytoplankton propagation by light-shielding can be enhanced without ruining the scenery at the water's edge.

Description

本発明は、湖沼等の閉鎖性水域を遮光して植物プランクトンの増殖を抑制することにより当該閉鎖性水域の水質を改善するようにした水質改善方法に関する。   The present invention relates to a water quality improvement method for improving the water quality of a closed water area by shielding the closed water area such as a lake and the like and suppressing the growth of phytoplankton.

湖沼や池、農業用水池等の閉鎖性水域では、その水中の栄養塩の増加等により植物プランクトンが大量発生し、水質が汚濁される場合がある。   In closed water areas such as lakes, ponds, and agricultural ponds, phytoplankton may be generated in large quantities due to the increase of nutrients in the water, and the water quality may be polluted.

このような植物プランクトンの増殖による水質汚濁に対しては、従来から、閉鎖性水域の水中への太陽光の入射を遮断することにより、植物プランクトンの増殖を抑制する方法が行われている。   Conventionally, a method for suppressing the growth of phytoplankton by blocking the incidence of sunlight into water in a closed water area has been used for such water pollution caused by the growth of phytoplankton.

例えば特許文献１〜４には、発泡材や加圧ガスが注入された中空体等で形成された遮光材を閉鎖性水域の水面に浮かべ、これにより、水中への太陽光の入射を遮断して植物プランクトンの増殖を抑制するようにした技術が記載されている。   For example, in Patent Literatures 1 to 4, a light shielding material formed of a foam or a hollow body into which pressurized gas is injected is floated on the surface of a closed water area, thereby blocking sunlight from entering the water. Thus, a technique for suppressing the growth of phytoplankton is described.

特開２００４−１８８３３０号公報JP 2004-188330 A 特開２００６−１６７７００号公報JP 2006-167700 A 特開２０００−２６３０３４号公報JP 2000-263034 A 特開平１０−３０９７６５号公報Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-309765

しかしながら、水面に遮光板を浮かべて植物プランクトンの増殖を抑制する方法では、水面の３０％以上を遮光板で覆う必要があるので、多くの遮光板により水辺景観が損なわれることになる。したがって、水辺景観の保全が求められる場合には、この方法を適用することは困難である。また、遮光板を水面に浮かべると、風により水面に発生する吹送流が発生しにくくなるので、水の流れが停滞して生態系に悪影響が及び、生態系による水質浄化機能が低下することにもなる。   However, in the method of suppressing the growth of phytoplankton by floating a light shielding plate on the water surface, it is necessary to cover 30% or more of the water surface with the light shielding plate, so the waterside landscape is impaired by many light shielding plates. Therefore, it is difficult to apply this method when waterside landscape conservation is required. In addition, if the light shielding plate is floated on the water surface, it is difficult to generate the blowing flow generated on the water surface by the wind, so that the water flow is stagnated and the ecosystem is adversely affected, and the water purification function by the ecosystem is reduced. Also become.

一方、少しでも水辺景観を良くするために、遮光材として植物を植生した植生浮島を用いる方法が知られている。しかしながら、この方法においても、多数の植生浮島を水面に浮かべると水辺景観の保全が困難となり、しかも、多数の植生浮島の設置には多くのコストがかかるという問題点がある。   On the other hand, in order to improve the waterside landscape as much as possible, a method using a vegetation floating island with vegetation as a shading material is known. However, even in this method, if a large number of vegetation floating islands are floated on the surface of the water, it is difficult to maintain the waterside landscape.

本発明の目的は、水辺景観を損なうことなく低コストで水質を改善することができる水質改善方法を提供することにある。   The objective of this invention is providing the water quality improvement method which can improve water quality at low cost, without impairing a waterside scenery.

本発明の水質改善方法は、湖沼等の閉鎖性水域の水質を改善する水質改善方法であって、前記閉鎖性水域に係留した植生浮島により前記閉鎖性水域の水面を遮光するとともに、前記植生浮島の外周に、遮光機能を有するシート状に形成されて前記閉鎖性水域の水中に配置される遮光材を取り付け、前記遮光材により遮光面積を拡大して、遮光による植物プランクトンの増殖抑制効果を高めることを特徴とする。   The water quality improvement method of the present invention is a water quality improvement method for improving the water quality of a closed water area such as a lake, wherein the vegetation floating island moored in the closed water area shields the water surface of the closed water area, and the vegetation floating island A light-shielding material that is formed in a sheet shape having a light-shielding function and is disposed in the water of the closed water area is attached to the outer periphery, and the light-shielding area is enlarged by the light-shielding material, thereby enhancing the effect of suppressing the growth of phytoplankton due to light shielding It is characterized by that.

本発明の水質改善方法は、前記植生浮島のフレームに取り付けられた骨組に前記遮光材を取り付けたことを特徴とする。   The water quality improvement method of the present invention is characterized in that the light shielding material is attached to a frame attached to a frame of the vegetation floating island.

本発明の水質改善方法は、前記骨組は前記植生浮島のフレームにボルトで着脱自在に取り付けられることを特徴とする。   The water quality improvement method of the present invention is characterized in that the frame is detachably attached to the frame of the vegetation floating island with bolts.

本発明の水質改善方法は、前記骨組を前記植生浮島のフレームに対して下方に折り畳める構成としたことを特徴とする。   The water quality improvement method of the present invention is characterized in that the frame is configured to be folded downward with respect to the frame of the vegetation floating island.

本発明の水質改善方法は、前記骨組を木材や中空パイプ等の水に浮く部材で形成したことを特徴とする。   The water quality improvement method of the present invention is characterized in that the framework is formed of a member that floats on water, such as wood or a hollow pipe.

本発明によれば、遮光効果を有する植生浮島の外周にシート状の遮光材を取り付け、この遮光材を水中に配置するようにしたので、水上に露出する植生浮島の面積よりも大きな遮光面積を確保することができる。これにより、水辺の景観を損なうことなく遮光面積を拡大して、水質改善効果を高めることができる。また、遮光材は水中に配置され、植生浮島の周りの水面付近の水の循環を妨げることがないので、植生浮島による水質浄化機能を確保するとともに遮光材による遮光効果を得ることにより、植物プランクトンの増殖を効率的に抑制して、水質改善効果を高めることができる。さらに、多数の植生浮島を設けることなく、シート状の遮光材で遮光面積を拡大するようにしたので、多数の植生浮島を設ける場合に比べてコストを低減することができる。   According to the present invention, the sheet-shaped light shielding material is attached to the outer periphery of the vegetation floating island having a light shielding effect, and the light shielding material is arranged in the water. Therefore, the light shielding area larger than the area of the vegetation floating island exposed on the water is provided. Can be secured. Thereby, a light-shielding area can be expanded without impairing a waterside scenery, and the water quality improvement effect can be heightened. In addition, since the shading material is placed underwater and does not hinder the circulation of water near the water surface around the vegetation floating island, the phytoplankton can be obtained by ensuring the water purification function by the vegetation floating island and obtaining the shading effect by the shading material. It is possible to efficiently suppress the growth of water and enhance the water quality improvement effect. Furthermore, since the light-shielding area is expanded by the sheet-shaped light shielding material without providing a large number of vegetation floating islands, the cost can be reduced compared to the case where a large number of vegetation floating islands are provided.

本発明によれば、遮光材が取り付けられる骨組を植生浮島にボルトで着脱自在に取り付けるようにしたので、遮光材を備えた植生浮島の設置作業を容易にすることができる。   According to the present invention, since the frame to which the light shielding material is attached is detachably attached to the vegetation floating island with the bolt, the installation work of the vegetation floating island provided with the light shielding material can be facilitated.

本発明によれば、遮光材が取り付けられる骨組を植生浮島のフレームに対して下方に折り畳める構成としたので、水上に設置された植生浮島の維持管理作業をする際に遮光材を下方に折り畳んで、その作業を容易にすることができる。   According to the present invention, since the frame to which the light shielding material is attached is configured to be folded downward with respect to the vegetation floating island frame, the light shielding material is folded downward when performing maintenance work of the vegetation floating island installed on the water. That can make the work easier.

本発明によれば、骨組や遮光材を水に浮く部材で形成するようにしたので、骨組や遮光材に高い強度を不要として、そのコストを低減することができる。   According to the present invention, since the frame and the light shielding material are formed of members that float on water, the frame and the light shielding material do not require high strength, and the cost can be reduced.

本発明の一実施の形態である水質改善方法の実施の様子を示す説明図である。It is explanatory drawing which shows the mode of implementation of the water quality improvement method which is one embodiment of this invention. 図１に示す遮光材の植生浮島への取り付け部分の詳細を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the detail of the attachment part to the vegetation floating island of the light shielding material shown in FIG. 図１に示す遮光材の植生浮島に対する配置を示す平面図である。It is a top view which shows arrangement | positioning with respect to the vegetation floating island of the light shielding material shown in FIG. ２つの植生浮島を連結した場合の遮光材の配置の一例を示す平面図である。It is a top view which shows an example of arrangement | positioning of the light shielding material at the time of connecting two vegetation floating islands. 本発明の水質改善方法による水質改善試験の結果を示す特性線図である。It is a characteristic diagram which shows the result of the water quality improvement test by the water quality improvement method of this invention. 本発明の水質改善方法による水質改善試験の結果を示す特性線図である。It is a characteristic diagram which shows the result of the water quality improvement test by the water quality improvement method of this invention. 本発明の水質改善方法による水質改善試験の結果を示す特性線図である。It is a characteristic diagram which shows the result of the water quality improvement test by the water quality improvement method of this invention. 本発明の水質改善方法による水質改善試験の結果を示す特性線図である。It is a characteristic diagram which shows the result of the water quality improvement test by the water quality improvement method of this invention. 図１に示す植生浮島への遮光材の取付け構造の変形例を示す説明図である。It is explanatory drawing which shows the modification of the attachment structure of the light-shielding material to the vegetation floating island shown in FIG. 図９に示す遮光材の植生浮島に対する配置を示す平面図である。It is a top view which shows arrangement | positioning with respect to the vegetation floating island of the light shielding material shown in FIG. 図９に示す変形例において２つの植生浮島を連結した場合の遮光材の配置の一例を示す平面図である。It is a top view which shows an example of arrangement | positioning of the light shielding material at the time of connecting two vegetation floating islands in the modification shown in FIG.

以下、本発明の実施の形態を図面に基づいて詳細に説明する。   Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

本発明は、遮光により植物プランクトンの増殖を抑制して湖沼や池、農業用水池等の閉鎖性水域１１の水質を改善する水質改善方法であり、植生浮島１２を利用し、その外周にシート状の遮光材１３を取り付け、これを水中に配置することにより、水辺景観に配慮するとともに大きな遮光面積を確保して、遮光による植物プランクトンの増殖を効率よく抑制するものである。   The present invention is a water quality improvement method for improving the water quality of closed water areas 11 such as lakes, ponds, agricultural ponds, etc. by suppressing the growth of phytoplankton by shading. By attaching the light shielding material 13 and placing it in the water, the waterside landscape is taken into consideration and a large light shielding area is secured to efficiently suppress the growth of phytoplankton due to light shielding.

この発明に用いられる植生浮島１２は、例えば、特許第４１６８０７４号の明細書や特許第４３２３７６９号の明細書に記載される植生浮島のように、植生基盤１４の外周をアングルやＦＲＰ（fiber reinforced plastics）等のフレーム１５で支持する構成のものが用いられる。   The vegetation floating island 12 used in the present invention has an outer periphery of the vegetation base 14 at an angle or FRP (fiber reinforced plastics) like the vegetation floating island described in the specification of Japanese Patent No. 4168074 or the specification of Japanese Patent No. 4323769, for example. ) Or the like that is supported by the frame 15 is used.

図１に示す場合では、中空のフロート１６を備えた植生浮島１２が用いられている。この植生浮島１２は、閉鎖性水域に打ち込まれた杭（不図示）等により閉鎖性水域１１の所定箇所に係留され、当該閉鎖性水域１１の水面に浮かべて用いられる。   In the case shown in FIG. 1, the vegetation floating island 12 provided with the hollow float 16 is used. The vegetation floating island 12 is moored at a predetermined location of the closed water area 11 by a pile (not shown) driven into the closed water area, and is used floating on the water surface of the closed water area 11.

植生浮島１２のフロート１６にはアングル形状のフレーム１５が固定され、このフレーム１５には高密度ポリエチレンで形成されたネット１７が取り付けられている。植生基盤１４はフレーム１５とネット１７に支持されて植生浮島１２に保持されている。この植生基盤１４としては、例えばポリエチレンや塩化ビニル等により形成された合成繊維マット、ヤシ繊維等により形成された天然繊維マットが用いられる。   An angle-shaped frame 15 is fixed to the float 16 of the vegetation floating island 12, and a net 17 made of high-density polyethylene is attached to the frame 15. The vegetation base 14 is supported by the frame 15 and the net 17 and is held on the vegetation floating island 12. As the vegetation base 14, for example, a synthetic fiber mat formed of polyethylene, vinyl chloride, or the like, or a natural fiber mat formed of palm fiber or the like is used.

なお、植生基盤１４の下方にも、フロート１６の浮力を補助するためのフロート１８が設けられている。   A float 18 for assisting the buoyancy of the float 16 is also provided below the vegetation base 14.

植生基盤１４の表面には、抽水植物などの水生植物２１が多数植え付けられている。水生植物２１の根は植生基盤１４を貫通して水中に延びており、これらの水生植物２１が植生基盤１４上で生育することにより、植生浮島１２は水質浄化機能を発揮するようになっている。また、植生浮島１２は遮光効果を有しており、この植生浮島１２により閉鎖性水域１１の所定の面積が遮光される。このように、植生浮島１２は、水中への太陽光の入射を遮蔽して植物プランクトンの増殖を抑制する機能を有している。   On the surface of the vegetation base 14, a large number of aquatic plants 21 such as extraction plants are planted. The roots of the aquatic plants 21 penetrate the vegetation base 14 and extend into the water. When these aquatic plants 21 grow on the vegetation base 14, the vegetation floating islands 12 exhibit a water purification function. . Further, the vegetation floating island 12 has a light shielding effect, and a predetermined area of the closed water area 11 is shielded by the vegetation floating island 12. As described above, the vegetation floating island 12 has a function of suppressing the growth of phytoplankton by blocking the incidence of sunlight into the water.

植生浮島１２の外周には、遮光面積を拡大するために、複数の遮光材１３が取り付けられている。遮光材１３はポリスチレンやＥＶＡ、ウレタン、木材等の水に浮く材料で遮光機能を有するシート状に形成されている。   A plurality of light shielding materials 13 are attached to the outer periphery of the vegetation floating island 12 in order to enlarge the light shielding area. The light shielding material 13 is made of a material that floats on water, such as polystyrene, EVA, urethane, and wood, and is formed in a sheet shape having a light shielding function.

なお、遮光材１３としては、遮光機能を有するシート状のものであれば、例えば、ネット、薄い繊維マット、ポリプロピレン等の樹脂製のシート等を用いるようにしてもよい。   As the light shielding material 13, for example, a net, a thin fiber mat, a resin sheet such as polypropylene, or the like may be used as long as it has a light shielding function.

図２に示すように、植生浮島１２のフレーム１５の下方を向く面にはコの字形の金物２３がボルト２４により固定され、この金物２３には、遮光材１３を取り付けるための骨組２５が固定されている。なお、金物２３はボルト２４による固定に限らず、溶接等によりフレーム１５に直接固定する構造でもよく、またはフレーム１５と一体の構造であってもよい。   As shown in FIG. 2, a U-shaped metal piece 23 is fixed to the surface of the vegetation floating island 12 facing the lower side of the frame 15 by a bolt 24, and a frame 25 for attaching the light shielding material 13 is fixed to the metal piece 23. Has been. The hardware 23 is not limited to being fixed by the bolt 24, and may be a structure directly fixed to the frame 15 by welding or the like, or may be a structure integrated with the frame 15.

骨組２５は、木材や中空パイプ等の水に浮く部材により棒状に形成されており、その一端においてボルト２６により金物２３に着脱自在に取り付けられている。骨組２５は、このボルト２６を軸心として、図１に示す略水平の状態から下方に向けて回動自在となっている。すなわち、骨組２５は、これを下方に回動させることにより、植生浮島１２のフレーム１５に対して下方に折り畳める構成となっている。   The framework 25 is formed in a rod shape by a member that floats on water, such as wood or a hollow pipe, and is detachably attached to the hardware 23 by a bolt 26 at one end thereof. The skeleton 25 is pivotable downward from the substantially horizontal state shown in FIG. That is, the framework 25 is configured to be folded downward with respect to the frame 15 of the vegetation floating island 12 by rotating the framework 25 downward.

遮光材１３は、両側片部分が骨組２５に固定され、これにより骨組２５に支持された状態で植生浮島１２に取り付けられている。金物２３は植生浮島１２のフレーム１５の下面に固定されているので、図１に示すように、植生浮島１２を閉鎖性水域１１の水面に浮かべると、遮光材１３は閉鎖性水域１１の水中の所定の深さに略水平となって配置される。このとき、遮光材１３や骨組２５は水に浮く部材で形成されているので、遮光材１３は骨組２５とともにボルト２６を中心として上方に向けて浮力を生じるが、骨組２５がフレーム１５やボルト２４等に当たることにより、図１に示す状態よりも上に、つまり水面にまで浮き上がらないようになっている。   The light shielding material 13 is attached to the vegetation floating island 12 in a state where both side portions are fixed to the frame 25 and are supported by the frame 25. Since the hardware 23 is fixed to the lower surface of the frame 15 of the vegetation floating island 12, when the vegetation floating island 12 is floated on the water surface of the closed water area 11 as shown in FIG. It is arranged substantially horizontally at a predetermined depth. At this time, since the light shielding material 13 and the frame 25 are formed of members that float on water, the light shielding material 13 generates buoyancy upward together with the frame 25 around the bolt 26, but the frame 25 is formed by the frame 15 and the bolt 24. As a result, it does not float above the state shown in FIG. 1, that is, to the surface of the water.

一方、植生浮島１２を水面に浮かべた状態で、植生基盤１４の水生植物２１の刈り取り等の維持管理作業を行う際には、骨組２５とともに遮光材１３を下方に折り畳むことで、作業員が容易に植生基盤１４に近づくことができる。   On the other hand, when performing maintenance work such as cutting the aquatic plant 21 of the vegetation base 14 with the vegetation floating island 12 floating on the surface of the water, the operator can easily fold the shading member 13 together with the frame 25 to fold down. The vegetation base 14 can be approached.

図３は図１に示す遮光材の植生浮島に対する配置を示す平面図である。   FIG. 3 is a plan view showing the arrangement of the light shielding material shown in FIG. 1 with respect to the vegetation floating island.

矩形に形成された植生浮島１２の各辺には、それぞれ３本の骨組２５が取り付けられ、これらの骨組２５により、植生浮島１２の各辺には遮光材１３が取り付けられている。また、植生浮島１２の各角部分には、三角形状の遮光材１３が取り付けられている。これにより、植生浮島１２の外周は遮光材１３により囲まれている。   Three frames 25 are attached to each side of the vegetation floating island 12 formed in a rectangular shape, and the light shielding material 13 is attached to each side of the vegetation floating island 12 by these frames 25. A triangular light shielding material 13 is attached to each corner of the vegetation floating island 12. Thereby, the outer periphery of the vegetation floating island 12 is surrounded by the light shielding material 13.

この場合、例えば植生浮島１２としてその遮光面積が４ｍ２のものを用いた場合には、水中の遮光材１３の面積は約１６ｍ２となり、全体の遮光面積は植生浮島１２のみの場合に比べて約５倍に拡大することになる。また、遮光面積が５倍となっても、遮光材１３は水中に配置されているので、水上に露出する部分は植生浮島１２のみの４ｍ２であり、水辺の景観が損なわれることがない。 In this case, for example, when a vegetation floating island 12 having a light shielding area of 4 m 2 is used, the area of the light shielding material 13 in the water is about 16 m 2 , and the entire light shielding area is compared to the case of the vegetation floating island 12 alone. It will be enlarged about 5 times. Even if the light shielding area is 5 times, the light shielding material 13 is disposed in the water, so the portion exposed on the water is only 4 m 2 of the vegetation floating island 12, and the landscape of the waterside is not impaired.

２つの植生浮島１２を連結して用いる場合には、遮光材１３は図４に示すような配置とされる。この場合、例えば植生浮島１２としてその遮光面積が４ｍ２のものを用いた場合には、植生浮島１２が２つ分で８ｍ２に対して、水中の遮光材１３の面積は約２４ｍ２となり、全体の遮光面積を植生浮島１２のみの場合に比べて約４倍に拡大することができる。この場合においても、遮光面積が４倍となっても、遮光材１３は水中に配置されているので、水上に露出する部分は植生浮島１２のみの８ｍ２であり、水辺の景観が損なわれることがない。 When two vegetation floating islands 12 are connected and used, the light shielding material 13 is arranged as shown in FIG. In this case, for example, when a vegetation floating island 12 having a light shielding area of 4 m 2 is used, the area of the underwater shading material 13 is about 24 m 2 for two vegetation floating islands 12 for 8 m 2 . Compared to the case of the vegetation floating island 12 alone, the entire light-shielding area can be enlarged about four times. Even in this case, even if the light shielding area is quadrupled, since the light shielding material 13 is disposed in water, the portion exposed on the water is only 8 m 2 of the vegetation floating island 12 and the waterside landscape is impaired. There is no.

図５〜図８に、本発明の水質改善方法による水質改善試験の結果を示す。   The result of the water quality improvement test by the water quality improvement method of this invention is shown in FIGS.

これらの特性線図から解るように、閉鎖性水域１１の水面を、植生浮島１２と遮光材１３を用いて２０％以上の割合で遮光することにより、水面を遮光しない場合に比べて、ＳＳ（Suspended Solid）、Ｃｈｌ−ａ（クロロフィル−ａ）、Ｔ−Ｎ（全窒素）、Ｔ−Ｐ（全燐）濃度を、それぞれ低減させて水質を改善することができた。   As can be seen from these characteristic diagrams, the water surface of the closed water area 11 is shaded at a rate of 20% or more using the vegetation floating island 12 and the light shielding material 13, compared to the case where the water surface is not shielded. Suspended Solid), Chl-a (Chlorophyll-a), TN (Total Nitrogen), and TP (Total Phosphorus) concentrations were reduced to improve the water quality.

このように、本発明では、遮光効果を有する植生浮島１２の外周にシート状の遮光材１３を取り付けて遮光面積を増加させるようにしたので、水質改善効果を高めることができる。また、これらの遮光材１３を水中に配置するようにしたので、遮光材１３により植生浮島１２の面積よりも大きな遮光面積を確保しても、水上に露出する部分を植生浮島１２だけとして、水辺の景観を確保することができる。これにより、水辺景観を損なうことなく遮光面積を拡大して、水質改善効果を高めることができる。   Thus, in this invention, since the sheet-like light shielding material 13 was attached to the outer periphery of the vegetation floating island 12 which has a light-shielding effect, and the light-shielding area was increased, the water quality improvement effect can be heightened. Moreover, since these light shielding materials 13 are arranged in water, even if a light shielding area larger than the area of the vegetation floating island 12 is secured by the light shielding material 13, only the vegetation floating island 12 is exposed on the water, Can be secured. Thereby, a light-shielding area can be expanded without impairing a waterside scenery, and the water quality improvement effect can be heightened.

また、本発明では、遮光材１３を水中に配置するようにしたので、植生浮島１２の周りの水面付近の水の循環を妨げることがない。したがって、植生浮島１２による水質浄化機能を確保するとともに遮光材１３による遮光効果を得ることにより、植物プランクトンの増殖を効率的に抑制して、水質改善効果をさらに高めることができる。   In the present invention, since the light shielding material 13 is disposed in the water, the circulation of water near the water surface around the vegetation floating island 12 is not hindered. Therefore, by ensuring the water quality purification function by the vegetation floating island 12 and obtaining the light shielding effect by the light shielding material 13, the growth of phytoplankton can be efficiently suppressed and the water quality improvement effect can be further enhanced.

さらに、本発明では、多数の植生浮島１２を設けることなく、シート状の遮光材１３で遮光面積を拡大するようにしたので、多数の植生浮島１２を設ける場合に比べて、水質改善方法の実施コストを低減することができる。また、遮光材１３を、ポリスチレンやＥＶＡ、ウレタン等の水に浮く発泡材（部材）や、ネット、薄い繊維マット、ポリプロピレン等の樹脂製のシート等の安価な部材で形成することにより、この水質改善方法の実施コストをさらに低減することができる。   Further, in the present invention, since the light shielding area is expanded by the sheet-shaped light shielding material 13 without providing a large number of vegetation floating islands 12, the water quality improvement method is carried out as compared with the case where a large number of vegetation floating islands 12 are provided. Cost can be reduced. Further, by forming the light shielding material 13 with an inexpensive member such as a foam material (member) floating in water such as polystyrene, EVA, urethane, or a resin sheet such as a net, a thin fiber mat, or polypropylene, the water quality is improved. The implementation cost of the improvement method can be further reduced.

さらに、本発明では、遮光材１３が取り付けられる骨組２５を植生浮島１２にボルト２６で着脱自在に取り付けるようにしているので、植生浮島１２を水に浮かべてから遮光材１３を取り付けるなど、遮光材１３を備えた植生浮島１２の設置作業を容易にすることができる。   Further, in the present invention, the frame 25 to which the light shielding material 13 is attached is detachably attached to the vegetation floating island 12 with the bolts 26, so that the light shielding material 13 is attached after the vegetation floating island 12 is floated on water. The installation work of the vegetation floating island 12 provided with 13 can be made easy.

さらに、本発明では、遮光材１３が取り付けられる骨組２５を植生浮島１２のフレーム１５に対して下方に折り畳める構成としたので、水上に設置された植生浮島１２の水生植物２１の刈り取り作業等の維持管理作業をする際には、遮光材１３を下方に折り畳んで、植生浮島１２に容易に近づくことができる。これにより、植生浮島１２の維持管理作業を容易にすることができる。   Furthermore, in the present invention, the frame 25 to which the light shielding material 13 is attached is configured to be folded downward with respect to the frame 15 of the vegetation floating island 12, so that the operation of cutting the aquatic plant 21 of the vegetation floating island 12 installed on the water is maintained. When performing the management work, the light shielding material 13 can be folded downward to easily approach the vegetation floating island 12. Thereby, the maintenance work of the vegetation floating island 12 can be made easy.

さらに、本発明では、骨組２５や遮光材１３を水に浮く部材で形成するようにしたので、骨組２５や遮光材１３を水中で浮いた状態とさせて高い強度を不要とすることができる。これにより、骨組２５や遮光材１３の材質として安価なものを用い、また、その構造を簡素化してコストを低減することができる。   Furthermore, in the present invention, since the skeleton 25 and the light shielding material 13 are formed of members that float in water, it is possible to make the skeleton 25 and the light shielding material 13 float in water and make high strength unnecessary. Thereby, an inexpensive thing can be used as the material of the frame 25 and the light shielding material 13, and the structure can be simplified to reduce the cost.

図９は、図１に示す植生浮島への遮光材の取付け構造の変形例を示す説明図である。   FIG. 9 is an explanatory view showing a modified example of the structure for attaching the light shielding material to the vegetation floating island shown in FIG. 1.

図１に示す場合では、骨組２５は全て植生浮島１２のフレーム１５に取り付けられているが、図９に示す場合では、植生浮島１２のフレーム１５に取り付けられた骨組２５の先端を、連結用の骨組３１で連結するようにしている。この場合においても、連結用の骨組３１は、木材や中空パイプ等の水に浮く部材により棒状に形成されている。   In the case shown in FIG. 1, the entire skeleton 25 is attached to the frame 15 of the vegetation floating island 12, but in the case shown in FIG. 9, the tip of the skeleton 25 attached to the frame 15 of the vegetation floating island 12 is connected to The frames 31 are connected. Also in this case, the connecting frame 31 is formed in a rod shape by a member that floats on water such as wood or a hollow pipe.

図１０は図９に示す遮光材の植生浮島に対する配置を示す平面図である。   10 is a plan view showing the arrangement of the light shielding material shown in FIG. 9 with respect to the vegetation floating island.

矩形に形成された植生浮島１２の各辺に、それぞれ遮光材１３が取り付けられるとともに植生浮島１２の各角部分に三角形状の遮光材１３が取り付けられて植生浮島１２の外周が遮光材１３に囲まれている。この場合、例えば植生浮島１２としてその遮光面積が４ｍ２のものを用いた場合には、水中の遮光材１３の面積は約１６ｍ２となり、全体の遮光面積を植生浮島１２のみの場合に比べて約５倍に拡大することができる。また、遮光面積が５倍となっても、遮光材１３は水中に配置されているので、水上に露出する部分は植生浮島１２のみの４ｍ２であり、水辺の景観が損なわれることがない。 A light shielding material 13 is attached to each side of the vegetation floating island 12 formed in a rectangular shape, and a triangular light shielding material 13 is attached to each corner of the vegetation floating island 12 so that the outer periphery of the vegetation floating island 12 is surrounded by the light shielding material 13. It is. In this case, for example, when a vegetation floating island 12 having a light shielding area of 4 m 2 is used, the area of the light shielding material 13 in water is about 16 m 2 , and the entire light shielding area is compared with the case of the vegetation floating island 12 alone. It can be magnified about 5 times. Even if the light shielding area is 5 times, the light shielding material 13 is disposed in the water, so the portion exposed on the water is only 4 m 2 of the vegetation floating island 12, and the landscape of the waterside is not impaired.

一方、２つの植生浮島１２を連結して用いる場合には、遮光材１３は図１１に示すような配置とされる。この場合、例えば植生浮島１２としてその遮光面積が４ｍ２のものを用いた場合には、植生浮島１２が２つ分で８ｍ２に対して、水中の遮光材１３の面積は約２４ｍ２となり、全体の遮光面積を植生浮島１２のみの場合に比べて約４倍に拡大することができる。この場合においても、遮光面積が４倍となっても、遮光材１３は水中に配置されているので、水上に露出する部分は植生浮島１２のみの８ｍ２であり、水辺の景観が損なわれることがない。 On the other hand, when the two vegetation floating islands 12 are connected and used, the light shielding material 13 is arranged as shown in FIG. In this case, for example, when a vegetation floating island 12 having a light shielding area of 4 m 2 is used, the area of the underwater shading material 13 is about 24 m 2 for two vegetation floating islands 12 for 8 m 2 . Compared to the case of the vegetation floating island 12 alone, the entire light-shielding area can be enlarged about four times. Even in this case, even if the light shielding area is quadrupled, since the light shielding material 13 is disposed in water, the portion exposed on the water is only 8 m 2 of the vegetation floating island 12 and the waterside landscape is impaired. There is no.

なお、図９〜図１１においては、前述した部材に対応する部材には同一の符号を付してある。   9 to 11, members corresponding to those described above are denoted by the same reference numerals.

本発明は前記実施の形態に限定されるものではなく、その要旨を逸脱しない範囲で種々変更可能であることはいうまでもない。   It goes without saying that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the invention.

１１ 閉鎖性水域
１２ 植生浮島
１３ 遮光材
１４ 植生基盤
１５ フレーム
１６ フロート
１７ ネット
１８ フロート
２１ 水生植物
２３ 金物
２４ ボルト
２５ 骨組
２６ ボルト
３１ 骨組 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 Closed water area 12 Vegetation floating island 13 Shading material 14 Vegetation base 15 Frame 16 Float 17 Net 18 Float 21 Aquatic plant 23 Hardware 24 Bolt 25 Frame 26 Bolt 31 Frame

Claims (5)

湖沼等の閉鎖性水域の水質を改善する水質改善方法であって、
前記閉鎖性水域に係留した植生浮島により前記閉鎖性水域の水面を遮光するとともに、
前記植生浮島の外周に、遮光機能を有するシート状に形成されて前記閉鎖性水域の水中に配置される遮光材を取り付け、
前記遮光材により遮光面積を拡大して、遮光による植物プランクトンの増殖抑制効果を高めることを特徴とする水質改善方法。 A water quality improvement method for improving water quality in closed water areas such as lakes,
While shielding the water surface of the closed water area by a vegetation floating island moored in the closed water area,
Attached to the outer periphery of the vegetation floating island is a light shielding material that is formed in a sheet shape having a light shielding function and is placed in the water of the closed water area,
A method for improving water quality, wherein the light shielding area is enlarged by the light shielding material to enhance the effect of inhibiting the growth of phytoplankton by the light shielding. 請求項１記載の水質改善方法において、前記植生浮島のフレームに取り付けられた骨組に前記遮光材を取り付けたことを特徴とする水質改善方法。   The water quality improvement method according to claim 1, wherein the light shielding material is attached to a frame attached to a frame of the vegetation floating island. 請求項２記載の水質改善方法において、前記骨組は前記植生浮島のフレームにボルトで着脱自在に取り付けられることを特徴とする水質改善方法。   3. The water quality improvement method according to claim 2, wherein the frame is detachably attached to a frame of the vegetation floating island with a bolt. 請求項２または３記載の水質改善方法において、前記骨組を前記植生浮島のフレームに対して下方に折り畳める構成としたことを特徴とする水質改善方法。   4. The water quality improvement method according to claim 2, wherein the frame is configured to be folded downward with respect to a frame of the vegetation floating island. 請求項２〜４のいずれか１項に記載の水質改善方法において、前記骨組を木材や中空パイプ等の水に浮く部材で形成したことを特徴とする水質改善方法。   5. The water quality improvement method according to claim 2, wherein the frame is formed of a member that floats on water, such as wood or a hollow pipe.
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KR101227595B1 (en) * 2012-08-21 2013-01-29 허종형 Apparatus for suppressing algal growth
CN103114560A (en) * 2013-03-19 2013-05-22 苏州大学 Method for constructing artificial ecological island in river
CN103787507A (en) * 2014-02-28 2014-05-14 冯雷 Multifunctional stereo ecological floating island
CN103787507B (en) * 2014-02-28 2016-04-13 冯雷 Multifunctional stereo formula ecological floating island
CN112390366A (en) * 2019-08-19 2021-02-23 奕江山环境科技(北京)有限公司 Multifunctional ecological restoration equipment and ecological restoration method
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