CN115520967A - Ecological restoration system for reservoir type water source ground water - Google Patents
Ecological restoration system for reservoir type water source ground water Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
- C02F3/327—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae characterised by animals and plants
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2203/00—Apparatus and plants for the biological treatment of water, waste water or sewage
- C02F2203/006—Apparatus and plants for the biological treatment of water, waste water or sewage details of construction, e.g. specially adapted seals, modules, connections
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/30—Wastewater or sewage treatment systems using renewable energies
- Y02W10/37—Wastewater or sewage treatment systems using renewable energies using solar energy
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- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
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- Biotechnology (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a water ecological restoration system for a reservoir type water source, which comprises a water source, a solar shading device, an ecological floating island and a water body exchange device, wherein the water source comprises a central area, a first area and a second area, the first area and the second area are arranged around the central area and are mutually communicated, and the algae density of the second area is greater than that of the first area; the solar shading device comprises a plurality of solar panels and is arranged on the first area; the ecological floating island is arranged on the second area; the water body exchange device is vertically arranged in the central area so as to pump the water body in the depth of the water source to the surface layer of the water source to perform water body exchange so as to reduce the temperature of the water body on the surface layer, and the water body exchange device is electrically connected with the solar panel; the water body exchange device, the ecological floating island and the solar shading device form an algae inhibiting closed loop which is mutually linked, and the solar panel supplies power to the water body exchange device, so that the water ecology can be continuously repaired.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of environmental protection, in particular to a reservoir type water source ground water ecological restoration system.
Background
The water temperature of a deep reservoir or lake is reduced along with the increase of the depth due to the increase of the depth, the water temperature stratification is obvious in summer, and the difference of the water temperatures of an upper layer and a lower layer can reach more than 15 ℃; during the water temperature stratification, the transfer of dissolved oxygen between an upper water body and a lower water body is blocked due to the temperature stratification, so that a deep water layer is lack of oxygen; under the anaerobic condition, pollutants such as nitrogen, phosphorus, iron, manganese and the like in the sediment are released to the upper water body and are continuously accumulated in the bottom water body; the bottom of the reservoir is anoxic for a long time, so that the release amount of endogenous pollutants is increased, and the water quality of the bottom water body is seriously deteriorated; when the water bodies are naturally mixed, the polluted water body with high concentration at the bottom is mixed with the water body at the upper part, so that the water quality of the whole vertical water body of the reservoir is deteriorated; in addition, the water stability is enhanced due to layering, the water flow turbulence is reduced, and the temperature of the water body with a euphotic layer is quickly raised under the action of solar radiation, so that the method is suitable for mass propagation of algae; secondly, algae with a suspension mechanism, such as blue algae, have advantages in a stable layered environment, and can be massively proliferated, migrated and aggregated, so that harmful 'water bloom' is promoted to occur; again, the stable presence of the temperature gradient (particularly the thermocline) retards mass transport in the vertical water column, which also includes the portion of floating algae (e.g., diatoms, etc.) that is prone to sedimentation losses, allowing it to accumulate in the thermocline above the thermocline and provide it with a "hotbed" for proper growth. The modes for improving water quality and inhibiting algae generally comprise physical methods (sewage interception, dredging, sludge dredging, aeration technology, filtering and algae inhibiting), chemical methods (chemical agent adding) or ecological floating islands, but the physical methods consume a large amount of labor force and have low efficiency, and the large-scale use of the chemical methods can destroy the biological community structure and ecological environment of the lake ecosystem and easily generate secondary pollution; the ecological floating island has higher purification efficiency on various organic and inorganic pollutants and has good environmental adaptability; however, the existing water ecological restoration technology for lakes and reservoirs is not systematic, a single physical method, a single chemical method, a single physical method plus a single chemical method or a single ecological floating island method is generally adopted, an algae-inhibiting closed loop cannot be formed, the restoration can be effectively carried out for a period of time, and the effects of improving water quality and restoring water ecology are difficult to realize sustainability.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve at least one technical problem in the prior art and provides a water ecology restoration system for a reservoir type water source area, which can sustainably restore water ecology.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the ecological restoration system for reservoir type water source ground water comprises: the water source ground comprises a central area, a first area and a second area, wherein the first area and the second area are arranged around the central area and are communicated with each other, and the algae density of the second area is greater than that of the first area; the solar shading device comprises a plurality of solar panels and is arranged on the first area to shade rays; the ecological floating island is arranged on the second area to inhibit the growth of algae through plants and microorganisms; the water body exchange device is vertically arranged in the central area to pump the water body in the depth of the water source to the surface layer of the water source to perform water body exchange so as to reduce the temperature of the surface water body and inhibit the growth of algae, and the water body exchange device can push the water body on the surface layer to flow to the first area and the second area, and is electrically connected with the solar panel.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the water body exchange device comprises a lifting cylinder and an air compressor, the lifting cylinder is vertically arranged in a water body, the lower end of the lifting cylinder is provided with an opening, the upper end of the lifting cylinder is provided with a water outlet part, the water outlet part is provided with a water outlet channel which is respectively communicated with the outside and the inside of the lifting cylinder, and the water outlet channel is parallel to the water surface; the lifting cylinder is internally provided with a siphon chamber, an air inlet pipe and a water suction pipe, the air inlet pipe and the water suction pipe are respectively communicated with the siphon chamber, the air inlet pipe sequentially passes through the lifting cylinder and the water outlet channel and extends to the outside so as to be connected with the air compressor, the water suction pipe penetrates through the opening to be communicated with a water body, and the siphon chamber is communicated with the inside of the lifting cylinder.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the surface water temperature of the water source area is more than 28 ℃, the bottom water temperature of the water source area is less than 15 ℃, and the ratio of the water flow exchanged by the water body exchange equipment per day to the total capacity of the water body of the water source area is more than 1:60.
according to some embodiments of the invention, the water body exchanging device is not in continuous operation for more than 30 days.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, the solar shading device includes a support frame, the plurality of solar panels are respectively disposed on the support frame, and an included angle is formed between the plurality of solar panels and a plane where the support frame is located.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the ecological floating island comprises a floating bed, plants planted on the floating bed and artificial media used for adsorbing microorganisms, the floating bed comprises a frame and a plurality of connected floating plates arranged on the frame, and planting holes used for placing the plants and hanging holes used for hanging the artificial media are formed in the floating plates.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the solar panel is electrically connected to a battery of the master control device, and the master control device is electrically connected to the water body exchanging device.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the algae concentration area is used for feeding filter-feeding fish with a density of 44g/m 3 。
According to some embodiments of the invention, an ecological net film for regulating algae communities is further arranged in the water body of the water source area, and the ecological net film comprises a plurality of layers of net films and biological fillers filled among the layers of net films.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the ecological restoration system for reservoir type water source ground water at least has the following beneficial effects: firstly, the ecological floating island has the strongest algae inhibiting effect among the ecological floating island, the solar shading device and the water body exchange device, but the ecological floating island has higher construction cost, the arrangement is not convenient and fast to carry out, and algae generally gather in an area close to the shore, so the system arranges the ecological floating island in a second area with high algae density, the solar shading device is arranged in a first area with low algae density, and the water body exchange device is arranged in the central area of a water source area, thereby achieving the aim of inhibiting algae, being convenient to implement and reducing the cost;
secondly, the working processes of the ecological floating island, the solar shading device and the water body exchange device are linked with each other, so that an algae inhibiting closed loop can be formed; because the excessive high or low temperature is beneficial to the growth of algae, a great deal of algae are distributed in the deep water body; the water body exchange can extract the bottom layer low-temperature water body to the surface layer to reduce the temperature of the surface layer water body so as to inhibit the growth of surface layer algae, meanwhile, the surface layer water body can be pushed to flow to the first area and the second area, the surface layer algae are pushed to the ecological floating island and the solar panel shading area, most algae entering the ecological floating island and the solar panel shading area can be degraded and absorbed by the ecological floating island, and the growth is inhibited due to the shading effect; the algae in the first area and the second area can be pumped to the surface layer through the water body exchange device to be inhibited from growing; the whole working process enables the water body exchange device, the ecological floating island and the solar shading device to form an algae inhibiting closed loop which is linked with each other, improves the algae inhibiting efficiency, and the solar panel can supply power to the water body exchange device, so that the water ecology can be continuously repaired without an external power supply.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
The following further describes the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings;
FIG. 1 is a structural diagram of a water ecological restoration system for a reservoir type water source;
FIG. 2 is a structural diagram of a solar shading device in a reservoir type water source ground water ecological restoration system;
FIG. 3 is a structural diagram of an ecological floating island in a reservoir type water source ground water ecological restoration system;
FIG. 4 is a structural diagram of a floating bed in the ecological restoration system for reservoir type water source land water;
FIG. 5 is a structural diagram of a floating plate in the ecological restoration system for reservoir type water source land water;
FIG. 6 is a graph showing the comparison of the ammonia nitrogen concentration before and after the application of the water ecological remediation system;
FIG. 7 is a graph comparing total phosphorus concentration before and after application of the water ecology restore system;
FIG. 8 is a graph comparing densities of algae before and after application of the water ecology restoration system.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to the present preferred embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals refer to like elements throughout.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship referred to in the description of the orientation, such as upper, lower, front, rear, left, right, etc., is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings only for the convenience of description of the present invention and simplification of the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, a plurality of means is one or more, a plurality of means is two or more, and greater than, less than, more than, etc. are understood as excluding the essential numbers, and greater than, less than, etc. are understood as including the essential numbers. If there is a description of first and second for the purpose of distinguishing technical features only, this is not to be understood as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated or implicitly indicating the precedence of technical features indicated.
Referring to fig. 1 to 5, a water ecological restoration system for a reservoir type water source area according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a water source area, a solar shading device 20, an ecological floating island 30 and a water body exchange device 10, wherein the water source area includes a central area, and a first area and a second area surrounding the central area and communicating with each other, and the algae density of the second area is greater than that of the first area; the solar shading device 20 comprises a plurality of solar panels 21, and the solar shading device 20 is arranged on a first area and used for shading light to inhibit algae from growing; the ecological floating island 30 is disposed on the second area to inhibit algae growth by plants and microorganisms; the water body exchange device 10 is vertically arranged in the central area to pump the water body in the depth of the water source to the surface layer of the water source to perform water body exchange so as to reduce the temperature of the surface water body and inhibit the growth of algae, and the water body exchange device 10 can push the surface water body to flow to the first area and the second area and push the water body to the shading areas of the ecological floating island 30 and the solar panel 21, so that the algae entering the two areas can be degraded and absorbed by the ecological floating island 30 and inhibited from growing due to the shading effect.
In some embodiments, the water body exchanging device 10 includes a lifting cylinder 11 and an air compressor, the lifting cylinder 11 is vertically disposed in the water body, the lower end of the lifting cylinder 11 is provided with an opening, the upper end of the lifting cylinder 11 is provided with a water outlet portion 111, the water outlet portion 111 is provided with water outlet channels respectively communicating the outside and the inside of the lifting cylinder, and the water outlet channels are parallel to the water surface; a siphon chamber 12, an air inlet pipe 13 and a water suction pipe 14 which are respectively communicated with the siphon chamber 12 are arranged in the lifting cylinder 11, the air inlet pipe 13 sequentially passes through the lifting cylinder 11 and a water outlet channel to extend to the outside so as to be connected with an air compressor, the water suction pipe 14 passes through an opening to be communicated with a water body, and the siphon chamber 12 is communicated with the inside of the lifting cylinder 11; the air compressor machine that sets up on the bank aerifys in passing through intake pipe 13 to siphon room 12, gaseous gathering rises along lifting cylinder 11, thereby produce the siphon phenomenon and make the bottom water pass through water absorption pipe 14 and get into lifting cylinder 11 and then be taken out to the water top layer, make top water and stratum water exchange, reduce the temperature of top water in order to restrain the algae growth, and the water of bottom rises along lifting cylinder 11 and then along delivery channel to the surface of water all around along, promote the water to flow to ecological chinampa region and solar panel shading area, the water pollutant that gets into these two regions can be degraded and absorbed by ecological chinampa, the algae receives the suppression because of shading effect growth.
The operation of the water body exchange device 10 can generate larger influence on the water quality improvement and the algae growth inhibition, firstly, in the aspect of water temperature, vertical water body exchange reduces the water temperature of the surface layer on the one hand, forces the temperature jump layer to move downwards on the other hand, the range is compressed, the temperature difference is reduced, the range of the upper temperature change layer is expanded, and the upper temperature change layer gradually tends to be temperature equalization; secondly, in the aspect of nitrogen and phosphorus content, vertical water body exchange can improve the dissolved oxygen concentration of the surface layer of the sediment of the water body, improve the anoxic or anaerobic state, effectively inhibit the endogenous release of ammonia nitrogen of the sediment, promote the ammonia nitrogen concentrations of the upper and lower water layers to be consistent through mixing action, and effectively inhibit the total phosphorus release after the dissolved oxygen level of the microenvironment of the sediment to the water interface is improved; finally, in the aspect of algae inhibition, the vertical circulating flow brought by water body exchange can carry a large amount of algae in the light-transmitting area to migrate to the lower-layer no-light area, so that the time of the algae cells in darkness is prolonged, and the photosynthesis of the algae cells is reduced; the rising of the turbidity of the water body and the turbulence generated by aerated water flow can influence the light penetration during the water body exchange, so that the photosynthesis speed of the algae is reduced; and after the low-temperature water at the bottom layer is conveyed to the surface layer for mixing, the water temperature of a light-transmitting area is reduced, and the proliferation of algae is inhibited; meanwhile, the algae in the dark area can accelerate decay in a low-temperature environment.
The water body exchange device 10 is suitable for water source places with the surface water temperature of more than 28 ℃ and the bottom water temperature of less than 15 ℃, because the excessive high temperature and the excessive low temperature can influence the growth of algae, and the proper temperature for the growth of algae is between 28 ℃ and 35 ℃; in some embodiments, the ratio of the daily water flow exchanged by the water exchange device 10 to the total volume of water in the source site is greater than 1: and 60, the water body exchange device continuously operates for at least 30 days, and then the water temperature of the surface layer of the water source ground can be maintained at about 23 ℃, so that the normal growth and propagation of algae are inhibited, the aim of controlling the algae is fulfilled, and the algae inhibiting efficiency is improved.
In some embodiments, the invention is applied to the water source area of the Taihu lake reservoir with the water area of 34 ten thousand meters 2 The density of phytoplankton at various points is 0.01 multiplied by 10 4 ～26.85×10 4 Between cells/L, the average density is 21.53 multiplied by 10 4 According to the related research results, the cells/L shows that when the ecological floating island area covers 6.6% of water, the removal rate of TN and TP in the water is about 25%, and when the reduction effect of TP and TN is 30%, the water quality of the Taihu lake reservoir reaches the national surface II water environment standard TP =0.02mg/L (0.01 mg/L in lake reservoirs), and TN =0.2mg/L. Accordingly, the water area covered by the ecological floating island is 27000m when the TN and TP removal rate is 30 percent 2 The ecological floating island occupies 7.92 percent of the area of the water area.
The data can be obtained by setting the water body exchange device 10 in the lake Tai reservoir in summer through Mike software simulation; the model is predicted to set the following working conditions: the lifting flow of each water body exchange device 10 is 5 ten thousand meters 3 8 stations are uniformly distributed in the central area of the Taihu lake reservoir and continuously run 24 hours a day; the method adopts the existing plane two-dimensional hydrodynamic mathematical model and a substance transport diffusion equation to carry out research, and the calculation method adopts a non-structural finite volume method to solve a water flow mathematical model; the total storage capacity of the Taihu reservoir is 2382 ten thousand meters 3 Correspondingly, the water flow exchanged by 8 water exchange devices 10 every day is 40 ten thousand meters 3 The ratio of the water flow exchanged by the water body exchanging device 10 per day to the total storage capacity of the lake Tai reservoir is 1, 59.5, the 8 water body exchanging devices 10 reach the maximum action range when continuously operating for 30 days, the maximum water temperature influence range can basically cover the water area of the reservoir area, and the water temperature reducing effect can be seen, after the water body exchanging devices are operated for 30 days, the ratio of the water body flow exchanged by the water body exchanging devices 10 per day to the total storage capacity of the lake Tai reservoir is 1The water temperature of the surface water body of the reservoir area is maintained at about 23 ℃.
Preferably, 8 stations of 5 ten thousand meters are distributed in the central area of the Taihu lake reservoir at certain intervals 3 D water body exchange device, when the density of phytoplankton is less than 21.53 multiplied by 10 4 160kw generating power solar shading devices are placed in the first region of the cells/L, and the area of the shading region is about 3000m 2 The area of the solar shading device accounts for 0.9 percent of the area of the water area; in phytoplankton density of more than 21.53 × 10 4 Ecological floating island 27000m is placed in the second area of cells/L 2 The ecological floating island occupies 7.92 percent of the water area; the ratio of the area of the solar shading device to the area of the ecological floating island is more than 1.
As shown in fig. 6 to 8, a comparison graph of ammonia nitrogen concentration, total phosphorus concentration and algae density before and after one year for the water ecological restoration system of the reservoir type water source area is adopted; as can be seen from FIG. 6, the ammonia nitrogen concentration of the bottom layer of the water body in the previous year using the water ecological restoration system is the highest, and the ammonia nitrogen concentration of the bottom layer water body after treatment is obviously reduced through the treatment of the water ecological restoration system; the ammonia nitrogen concentration of the treated surface water body is nearly twice lower than that of the surface water body before treatment; as can be seen from fig. 7, the total phosphorus concentration of the bottom layer of the water body of the previous year adopting the water ecological restoration system is the highest, and the total phosphorus concentration of the bottom layer water body after treatment is obviously reduced through the treatment of the water ecological restoration system; the total phosphorus concentration of the surface water body after treatment is nearly twice lower than that of the surface water body before treatment; as can be seen from fig. 8, the density of the algae in the previous year using the water ecological restoration system reaches the peak in the second quarter and the third quarter, and the density of the algae after the treatment by the water ecological restoration system is obviously reduced, and the density of the algae in the whole year is within the normal range.
As a comparative example, only the ecological floating island and the water body exchange device were used, and the solar shading device was not used; because the algae densities in different areas of the reservoir are different, if the mode of the ecological floating island and the water body exchange device is only adopted, the ecological floating island needs to be arranged on the water surface in a large area in order to effectively treat pollutants such as all algae, compared with the preferred embodiment, the arrangement area of the ecological floating island is at least 8.82 percent of the area of the water area, 11.3 percent of the original area is increased on the basis of 7.92 percent, the cost is correspondingly increased by at least 11.3 percent, and the arrangement is not convenient and fast due to the solar shading device; and the water body exchange device needs external power supply, so that the power supply is inconvenient and inconvenient to implement.
Therefore, the water ecological restoration system comprising the ecological floating island, the water body exchange device and the solar shading device has remarkable advantages; firstly, the ecological floating island has the strongest algae inhibiting effect among the ecological floating island, the solar shading device and the water body exchange device, but the ecological floating island has higher construction cost, the arrangement is not convenient and fast to carry out, and algae generally gather in an area close to the shore, so the system arranges the ecological floating island in a second area with high algae density, the solar shading device is arranged in a first area with low algae density, and the water body exchange device is arranged in the central area of a water source area, thereby achieving the aim of inhibiting algae, being convenient to implement and reducing the cost;
secondly, the working processes of the ecological floating island, the solar shading device and the water body exchange device are linked mutually, so that an algae inhibiting closed loop can be formed; because the algae can grow under the condition of over-high or under-low temperature, a great deal of algae and pollutants are distributed in the deep water body; the water body exchange can extract the bottom low-temperature water body to the surface layer so as to reduce the temperature of the surface water body and inhibit the growth of the surface algae, meanwhile, the surface water body and pollutants can be pushed to flow to the first area and the second area, the surface algae and pollutants are pushed to the ecological floating island and the solar panel shading area, most algae and pollutants entering the ecological floating island and the ecological solar panel shading area can be degraded and absorbed by the ecological floating island, and the growth of algae is inhibited due to the shading effect; the algae and pollutants in the depths of the first area and the second area can be pumped to the surface layer through the water body exchange device so as to be inhibited from growing and decomposing; the whole working process enables the water body exchange device, the ecological floating island and the solar shading device to form an algae inhibiting closed loop which is linked with each other, improves algae inhibiting efficiency, and the solar panel can supply power to the water body exchange device, so that the water ecology can be continuously repaired without an external power supply.
As shown in fig. 3 to 5, in some embodiments, the ecological floating island 30 includes a floating bed 31, plants planted on the floating bed 31, and a suspension hole 313 for suspending the artificial medium 32, wherein the floating bed 31 includes a frame 310 and a plurality of connected floating plates 311 disposed on the frame 310, and planting holes 312 for placing plants and suspension holes 313 for suspending the artificial medium 32 are opened on the floating plates 311; the plants planted on the floating bed 31 reduce nitrogen, phosphorus and organic substances in the water body through the absorption and adsorption of roots, so that the effect of purifying water quality is achieved, the artificial medium 32 can form a layer of biomembrane on the surface of the artificial medium through the enrichment and adsorption effects to adsorb and degrade pollutants in the water body, and meanwhile, the artificial medium 32 has a certain adsorption effect on suspended matters in the water body, so that the turbidity of the water body is reduced; the artificial medium 32 comprises a combined filler, the structure of the artificial medium is that a plastic wafer is changed into a double-ring large plastic ring by pressing and buckling, and the hydroformylation fiber or the polyester yarn is pressed on the ring of the ring, so that the fiber bundles are uniformly distributed; the inner ring is a snowflake-shaped plastic branch, so that the film can be hung, bubbles can be effectively cut, and the transfer rate and the utilization rate of oxygen are improved.
As shown in fig. 4, the frame 310 is a circular frame structure spliced by polymer environmental-friendly PE pipes, and the floating plates 311 are placed in the gaps between the inner and outer diameters of the frame 310, as shown in fig. 5, the floating plates 311 are rectangular polymer environmental-friendly polyvinyl chloride floating plates, and planting holes 312 are formed in the middle of the floating plates for placing planting baskets and planted plants, the rectangular floating plates 311 are arranged along the circular floating frame, and the floating plates 311 are connected by connecting buckles, and a certain gap is reserved therebetween to ensure the simplicity and convenience of construction and later maintenance; calamus, canna indica, cattail and yellow flower iris can be selected as plants of the ecological floating island, and the submerged plants are waterweed and potamogeton crispus which have strong accumulation capacity on pollutants and are easy to harvest and are commonly used for removing inorganic matters in water; the three aquatic plants such as calamus, iris, canna and the like have allelopathy on microcystis, the calamus has the strongest inhibition effect, and the yellow calamus can quickly and thoroughly remove nitrogen and phosphorus and has long acting time.
In some embodiments, the water body exchanging device further comprises a main control device 40, the solar panel 21 is electrically connected with a battery of the main control device 40, the main control device 40 is electrically connected with the water body exchanging device 10, the solar panel 21 supplies power to the main control device 40, the main control device 40 can be a single chip microcomputer or a computer, and the main control device 40 can remotely control the operation state of the water body exchanging device 10.
In certain embodiments, the algae collection area is used to feed filter-feeding fish having a density of 44g/m 3 At this time, the algae control effect is best, the algae control effect is influenced by too high or too low density, and filter feeding fishes comprise silver carps and bighead carps.
In some embodiments, an ecological net film for regulating and controlling algae communities is further arranged in the water body of the water source area, the ecological net film comprises a plurality of layers of net films and biological fillers filled among the plurality of layers of net films, and carriers for attaching and growing algae and microorganisms are provided; the biological filler is contacted with a water body to have a forced disturbance effect on water flow, so that the water body is promoted to flow in a zigzag manner in the biological filler in the net film space to form redistribution; and can retain suspended matters in the water body.
The invention also comprises a monitoring method applied to the water ecological restoration system, which comprises the following steps: step 1, respectively arranging 4 water quality monitoring points in a water inlet, a water source center, an ecological floating island area and a water outlet; step 2, determining monitoring indexes, wherein the monitoring indexes comprise water indexes, chemical indexes and biological indexes, the water indexes comprise water temperature, dissolved oxygen, conductivity and transparency, the chemical indexes comprise total nitrogen, total phosphorus, phosphate radical, nitrate nitrogen, nitrite nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen, permanganate index and chlorophyll a concentration, and the biological indexes comprise phytoplankton, zooplankton and benthic invertebrate; step 3, determining monitoring time and frequency, wherein the monitoring time is 10 months to 2 months in the next year and 3 months to 9 months per year, the frequency corresponding to 10 months to 2 months in the next year is once per month, and the frequency corresponding to 3 months to 9 months per year is twice per month; and 4, monitoring the monitoring indexes of the 4 water quality monitoring points according to monitoring time and frequency.
Wherein, the water temperature, the dissolved oxygen, the electric conductivity, the pH value and the like are measured on site by a multifunctional water quality parameter instrument, the transparency is measured on site by a Saybolt disc, the chemical indexes are measured by an analysis method according to the environmental quality standard of surface water (GB 3838-2002), the chlorophyll a concentration adopts an acetate fiber filter membrane with 0.45 mu m to pump and filter 500ml of water sample, and the freeze-thaw extraction is repeated, and the acetone extraction method is used for measuring. The qualitative sample of phytoplankton is trailed slowly in the horizontal and vertical directions from the surface water level to the depth of 0.5m by using a plankton net, the trawling time is determined according to the number of phytoplankton, the field is fixed by using 3-5% Rougo solution, and the sample is taken back to a laboratory to examine and identify the species of the phytoplankton. The zooplankton qualitative sample is screened by a plankton net in the horizontal and vertical directions by 0.5m, the quantitative sample is filtered by a 5L water sampler and filled into a plastic bottle by 20L of water sample per layer, and 3-5% Rouge solution is added for fixation and is taken back to a laboratory for microscopic examination and identification. Quantitatively sampling large-scale benthonic animals by using a Sober net (0.09m2, 80-mesh aperture) according to the characteristics of a habitat, and repeatedly sampling for 3-4 times at each sampling point; meanwhile, qualitative collection is carried out by using a D-shaped network, and the collection range covers various habitats of the sampling points as much as possible; directly putting the collected specimen into a sealing bag filled with 80% ethanol at a sampling site, taking the specimen back indoors to pick out the large benthonic animals, storing the large benthonic animals in 85% ethanol, and identifying and counting the large benthonic animals under a dissecting mirror.
Water quality monitoring points are respectively arranged at the water inlet, the center of the water source area, the ecological floating island area and the water outlet, so that the water quality condition of the whole water source area can be comprehensively monitored, the monitoring index content is wide, the monitoring time and frequency correspond to the periodic burst time of the water bloom, and the water quality condition can be accurately and efficiently monitored.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all equivalent structural changes, which can be directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields under the inventive concept of the present invention, are included in the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a to ecological repair system of reservoir type water source ground water which characterized in that includes:
a source area including a central area and first and second areas surrounding the central area and communicating with each other, the second area having an algae density greater than the algae density of the first area;
a solar shading arrangement (20) comprising a plurality of solar panels (21), the solar shading arrangement (20) being disposed on the first area to shade the first area from light to inhibit algae growth;
an ecological floating island (30) disposed on the second area to inhibit algae growth by plants and microorganisms;
the water body exchange device (10) is vertically arranged in the central area to pump the water body in the depth of the water source to the surface layer of the water source to perform water body exchange so as to reduce the temperature of the surface water body, and can push the surface water body to flow to the first area and the second area, and the water body exchange device (10) is electrically connected with the solar panel (21).
2. The system according to claim 1, wherein: the water body exchange device (10) comprises a lifting cylinder (11) and an air compressor, the lifting cylinder (11) is vertically arranged in a water body, the lower end of the lifting cylinder (11) is provided with an opening, the upper end of the lifting cylinder (11) is provided with a water outlet part (111), the water outlet part (111) is provided with water outlet channels which are respectively communicated with the outside and the inside of the lifting cylinder, and the water outlet channels are parallel to the water surface; the lifting cylinder (11) is internally provided with a siphon chamber (12), and an air inlet pipe (13) and a water suction pipe (14) which are respectively communicated with the siphon chamber (12), the air inlet pipe (13) sequentially passes through the lifting cylinder (11) and the water outlet channel to extend to the outside so as to be connected with the air compressor, the water suction pipe (14) passes through the opening to be communicated with a water body, and the siphon chamber (12) is communicated with the inside of the lifting cylinder (11).
3. The system according to claim 1, wherein:
the water temperature of the surface layer of the water source is more than 28 ℃, the water temperature of the bottom layer of the water source is less than 15 ℃, and the ratio of the water flow exchanged by the water body exchange equipment per day to the total volume of the water body of the water source is more than 1:60.
4. the system according to claim 3, wherein: the uninterrupted working time of the water body exchange device (10) is not less than 30 days.
5. The system according to claim 1, wherein: the solar shading device (20) comprises a supporting frame (22), the solar panels (21) are arranged on the supporting frame (22) respectively, and included angles are formed between the planes of the solar panels (21) and the supporting frame (22).
6. The system according to claim 1, wherein: the ecological floating island (30) comprises a floating bed (31), plants planted on the floating bed (31) and artificial media (32) used for adsorbing microorganisms, wherein the floating bed (31) comprises a frame (310) and a plurality of connected floating plates (311) arranged on the frame (310), and planting holes (312) used for placing the plants and hanging holes (313) used for hanging the artificial media (32) are formed in the floating plates (311).
7. The system according to claim 1, wherein: the solar water body exchange device is characterized by further comprising a main control device (40), wherein the solar panel (21) is electrically connected with a battery of the main control device (40), and the main control device (40) is electrically connected with the water body exchange device (10).
8. The system according to claim 1, wherein: the first area and the second area are respectively used for throwing filter-feeding fishes, and the density of the filter-feeding fishes is 44g/m 3 。
9. The system according to claim 1, wherein: and the water body of the water source place is also provided with an ecological net film for regulating and controlling an algae community, and the ecological net film comprises a plurality of layers of net films and biological fillers filled among the layers of net films.
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