CN112919639B - Multifunctional combined ecological floating bed - Google Patents
Multifunctional combined ecological floating bed Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
- C02F3/327—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae characterised by animals and plants
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
- C02F1/5236—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using inorganic agents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/02—Aerobic processes
- C02F3/10—Packings; Fillings; Grids
- C02F3/103—Textile-type packing
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/30—Aerobic and anaerobic processes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
- C02F3/322—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae use of algae
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/105—Phosphorus compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/16—Nitrogen compounds, e.g. ammonia
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2201/00—Apparatus for treatment of water, waste water or sewage
- C02F2201/002—Construction details of the apparatus
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2203/00—Apparatus and plants for the biological treatment of water, waste water or sewage
- C02F2203/006—Apparatus and plants for the biological treatment of water, waste water or sewage details of construction, e.g. specially adapted seals, modules, connections
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
Abstract
The invention relates to the field of water ecological environment restoration and protection, in particular to a multifunctional combined ecological floating bed. The invention is provided with a floating plant layer, a microorganism layer and a submerged plant layer from top to bottom in sequence, and the periphery of the floating plant layer is provided with a medicine throwing box; the microorganism layer is provided with a loading piece, the loading piece is provided with loading fibers, and the length of the loading fibers is L 1 The total length of the load piece is L, L: l (L) 1 =5-20. The invention can form a multi-level dynamic system of floating plants, microorganisms and submerged plants, can effectively repair water bodies, strengthen the water body purification pollution capacity, can be combined in various ways according to actual conditions so as to promote the water bodies to form a good ecological system, is convenient to splice, is convenient to transport, reduces transport cost, beautifies landscapes, and increases the suitability for environment living.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of water ecological environment restoration and protection, in particular to a multifunctional combined ecological floating bed.
Background
Eutrophication of water is an organic pollution type, excessive nutrient substances promote mass propagation of phytoplankton and pasture in water to form water bloom, algae are deposited at the bottom after death and decomposed by microorganisms, and a large amount of dissolved oxygen is consumed, so that fishes die in a large scale due to lack of oxygen. In recent years, the water eutrophication of China has high development speed, serious eutrophication problem, different nutrient distribution areas of water, higher eutrophication degree and wider distribution in eastern and southern water areas of China, and relatively lower nutrient level in northeast, mongolian and other areas; the lake and reservoir environments are very fragile, and the eutrophication of the water body has a potential for further aggravation.
At present, the remediation of eutrophic water is mainly divided into physical remediation, chemical remediation and biological remediation. Physical remediation is often used for realizing the transfer of pollutants, avoiding causing large-area pollution, but the aquatic ecosystem structure can not be perfected while the water body is repaired, and then the self-cleaning capacity of the water body can not be improved. The chemical restoration has the advantages of simple operation, quick effect, and the like, the biological restoration has the advantages of simple facilities, low investment, environment beautification, wide application range, and the like,
in the chemical restoration of eutrophic water, the use of passivating agents has been paid great attention in recent years, and the passivating agents stabilize or react pollutants in bottom mud through the combined action of physics and chemistry to generate other non-toxic and harmless substances, so that the purpose of controlling the release of the pollutants is achieved. In the bioremediation of eutrophic water, part of aquatic plants have the capability of purifying suspended matters, chlorides, sulfates and the like in water, have higher removal rate of nitrogen and phosphorus and other nutrient substances in the water, and have aesthetic value for beautifying the water landscape.
The invention discloses an ecological floating bed, which comprises a floating bed body, wherein a haydite layer is arranged on the floating bed body, plants are planted on the floating bed body through the haydite layer, water permeable cloth and planting soil can be additionally arranged between the floating bed body and the haydite layer, and the plants are planted on the planting soil through the haydite layer.
The Chinese patent document CN108249591A discloses an ecological floating bed for purifying water quality, which consists of a floating bed carrier, a planting basket and aquatic plants, wherein the planting quantity of the plants is fixed, and a microorganism layer outside an activated carbon fiber strip is too close to the water surface and is not suitable for areas with higher or lower temperature.
The Chinese patent document CN110835163A discloses a combined ecological floating bed, wherein a floating bed unit floats on a water body and comprises a hexahedral frame, emergent aquatic plants are placed on the frame at the upper layer, a net is arranged at the lower layer of the frame, submerged plants are placed on the net, the distance between the upper layer and the lower layer of the ecological floating bed is fixed, and the ecological floating bed is not easy to detach, so that the inspection and maintenance are inconvenient to a certain extent.
In summary, the present patent still has the problem of a single repair mode.
Disclosure of Invention
1. Problems to be solved
Aiming at the problem of single repairing mode of the ecological floating bed in the prior art, the invention provides a multifunctional combined ecological floating bed, which combines aquatic plants with a passivating agent, and simultaneously uses a loading piece provided with loading fibers to further enlarge the diffusion area of the passivating agent; compared with the traditional ecological floating bed, the method has higher utilization value by adopting a mode of combining chemical restoration and biological restoration, and solves the problem of single restoration mode of the ecological floating bed in the prior art.
2. Technical proposal
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a multifunctional combined ecological floating bed, which is sequentially provided with a floating plant layer, a microorganism layer and a submerged plant layer from top to bottom, wherein the periphery of the floating plant layer is provided with a medicine throwing box; the microorganism layer is provided with a loading piece, the loading piece is provided with loading fibers, and the length of the loading fibers is L 1 The total length of the load piece is L, L: l (L) 1 ＝5-20。
Preferably, the loading piece comprises a loading section, an oxygen slow release section and a diffusion section; the oxygen slow-release section is arranged between the load section and the diffusion section, and is provided with an oxygen slow-release material; the loading section and the diffusion section are both provided with loading fibers.
Preferably, the plant planting density of the floating plant layer is less than the plant planting density of the submerged plant layer.
Preferably, a passivating agent is provided in the drug delivery cartridge.
Preferably, the bottom of the medicine delivery box is provided with a delivery hole, and/or an automatic controller is arranged in the medicine delivery box and used for controlling medicine delivery.
Preferably, the floating plant layer is planted with floating plants, the floating plants are one or more of water lily, sarcandra, gorgon euryale seed, and/or the submerged plant layer is planted with submerged plants, and the submerged plants are one or more of malaytea scurfpea, black algae of leaves and bromhidrosis.
Preferably, the floating plant layer, the microorganism layer and the submerged plant layer are detachably connected with the fixing piles through the mounting parts.
Preferably, the oxygen slow release material is loaded with one or two of calcium peroxide and magnesium peroxide.
Preferably, the dosing frequency of the passivating agent is 1-3 times per week, and the dosing amount of the passivating agent is 0.2-0.6 g/time.
Preferably, the floating plant layer is provided with a planting groove and a planting matrix, and the bottom of the planting groove is provided with a water permeable hole; the ratio of the particle size of the planting matrix to the pore diameter of the permeable pores is 1.2-1.3.
3. Advantageous effects
The multifunctional combined ecological floating bed has the following advantages:
(1) According to the multifunctional combined ecological floating bed, aquatic plants and a passivating agent are combined for use, meanwhile, the middle part of the floating bed is provided with the loading piece with a loading fiber structure, when medicines put in the floating plant layer move onto the loading fiber along with water flow, the loading fiber swaying along with the water flow can increase the diffusion area of the medicines, and the using effect of the medicines is enhanced; compared with the traditional ecological floating bed, the method has higher utilization value by adopting a mode of combining chemical restoration and biological restoration, and solves the problem of single restoration mode of the ecological floating bed in the prior art.
(2) According to the multifunctional combined ecological floating bed, the oxygen slow-release material can provide dissolved oxygen for a water body in a certain area, so that an anaerobic area, an anoxic area and an aerobic area are formed in the water body, removal of nutrient substances such as nitrogen and phosphorus is facilitated, chemical restoration can be performed by utilizing a passivating agent through automatic control, and the restoration mode is concise and various.
(3) The multifunctional combined ecological floating bed provided by the invention has the advantages that the plant planting types, the planting quantity and the planting density can be independently regulated, the ecological floating bed is favorable for adapting to different water bodies, a good landscape is formed, and three layers of the floating plant layer, the microorganism layer and the submerged plant layer can be split, so that the ecological floating bed is favorable for adapting to water bodies with different water depths.
(4) According to the multifunctional combined ecological floating bed, the fixing piles are provided with the fixing points with different heights, the iron wires and the iron rods, and the iron rods and the fixing piles can be detached, so that the inspection and repair of the later-stage ecological floating bed are facilitated, the problems of the existing ecological floating bed can be effectively solved, and the multifunctional combined ecological floating bed has great advantages.
(5) The multifunctional combined ecological floating bed disclosed by the invention relates to two aspects of chemical restoration and biological restoration, and because only the ecological influence of the chemical restoration is large, the budget is high, and only the restoration period of the biological restoration is long and is easily influenced by external environment, the multifunctional combined ecological floating bed effectively combines the chemical restoration and the biological restoration, and can better restore the eutrophic water body.
(6) The multifunctional combined ecological floating bed provided by the invention adopts one or more plants (including floating plants and submerged plants) selected from different plants, so that the ecological diversity is increased, and the health of the ecological floating bed is maintained.
(7) The multifunctional combined ecological floating bed can be used for combining different layers and adjusting the height, so that the ecological floating bed is beneficial to adapting to the water conditions and meeting the requirements of submerged plant layers below the floating bed on illumination.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a top view of a multi-functional combined ecological floating bed of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a front view of the multifunctional combined ecological floating bed of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a bottom view of the drug delivery cassette of the present invention.
In the figure:
100. a floating plant layer; 110. an ecological floating bed monomer; 111. a planting groove; 112. a water permeable hole; 120. a buckle; 130. a connecting piece I;
200. a microbial layer; 210. a connecting rope; 220. a load section; 230. an oxygen slow release section; 231. an oxygen slow release material; 240. a diffusion section; 250. loading fibers;
300. a submerged plant layer; 310. a connecting piece II; 320. a planting unit;
400. a drug delivery cartridge; 410. an automatic controller; 420. a delivery hole;
500. fixing piles; 510. and a mounting part.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the drawings and exemplary embodiments. It will be understood that various modifications and changes may be made without departing from the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims. The detailed description and drawings are to be regarded in an illustrative rather than a restrictive sense, and if any such modifications and variations are desired to be included within the scope of the invention described herein. Furthermore, the background art is intended to illustrate the status and meaning of the development of the technology and is not intended to limit the invention or the application and field of application of the invention.
Example 1
The multifunctional combined ecological floating bed is provided with a floating plant layer 100, a microorganism layer 200 and a submerged plant layer 300 from top to bottom, wherein a medicine throwing box 400 is arranged on the periphery of the floating plant layer 100. Furthermore, the side of the floating bed of the present invention is further provided with a fixing pile 500, and the fixing pile 500 is provided with a plurality of installation parts 510 along the length direction, and the outer circumferential sides of the floating plant layer 100, the microorganism layer 200 and the submerged plant layer 300 are detachably connected with the fixing pile 500 through the installation parts 510, so that the floating plant layer 100, the microorganism layer 200 and the submerged plant layer 300 are sequentially arranged from top to bottom. The fixing piles 500 are inserted into the bottom mud, the insertion depth is required to ensure that the ecological floating bed is not washed away by water flow, certain stability is ensured, and the fixing piles are 30-50 cm higher than the horizontal plane, so that the ecological floating bed is convenient to check and maintain. The fixing piles 500 are provided with the installation parts 510 at different heights, and the floating plant layer 100, the microorganism layer 200 and the submerged plant layer 300 are flexibly combined according to the actual water conditions so as to meet the requirements of different water depths. If the height of the different layers is required to be adjusted, the layers may be separated from the mounting portion 510 of the fixing pile 500 and then fixed to the mounting portion 510 of different heights.
As shown in fig. 1, the floating plant layer 100 is composed of a plurality of ecological floating bed units 110, and the ecological floating bed units 110 are preferably made of PVC. The ecological floating bed units 110 are detachably connected through buckles 120 and the like, the ecological floating bed units 110 positioned on the outer side of the floating plant layer 100 are provided with connecting pieces I130, and the floating plant layer 100 is connected with the mounting portions 510 of the fixing piles 500 through the connecting pieces I130. The connecting piece I130 can be an iron wire or a steel wire, or can be other linear or strip-shaped objects with certain tensile strength. The ecological floating bed unit 110 is provided with a planting groove 111 and a planting substrate, the bottom of the planting groove 111 is provided with a water permeable hole 112, and the aperture of the water permeable hole 112 is preferably 1cm. The planting substrate is generally a granular substrate, such as ceramsite, and the grain size of the planting substrate is 12-15mm. Preferably, the ratio of the particle size of the planting substrate to the pore diameter of the water permeable holes 112 is 1.2-1.3, so that the planting substrate not only has good support to plants, but also has good water permeability. In order to ensure the buoyancy required by the normal operation of the floating bed, the total weight of the planting matrix in the single planting groove 111 is less than or equal to 1kg. The planting groove 111 is planted with floating plant, which is generally selected from one or more of water lily, XINGCAI, and semen euryales, and has a planting density of 2-4 plants/m 2 。
As shown in fig. 2, the microbial layer 200 is provided with a loading member on which loading fibers 250 are provided, the loading fibers 250 having a length L 1 The total length of the load piece is L, L: l (L) 1 =5-20. Further illustratively, the loading member includes a loading segment 220, an oxygen-eluting segment 230, and a diffuser segment 240, the oxygen-eluting segment 230 being disposed between the loading segment 220 and the diffuser segment 240. The loading section 220 is for loading microorganisms, on which loading fibers 250 are provided, and is typically made of a porous elastic filler (e.g., polypropylene resin PP), the porous structure of which is suitable for attachment of microorganisms.The oxygen slow-release section 230 is provided with an oxygen slow-release material 231, is preferably arranged in the middle of the loading part according to different concentration distribution of dissolved oxygen, provides dissolved oxygen for the system, can reduce malodor generated by anoxic water, can be divided into an anaerobic area, an anoxic area and an aerobic area according to different concentration distribution of dissolved oxygen, has rich microbial flora and is mutually organically matched, has higher impact load resistance, has the functions of simultaneously removing organic matters and nitrogen and phosphorus, effectively degrades pollutants in polluted water, and improves the nitrogen and phosphorus removal effect. The oxygen slow-release material 231 is made of calcium peroxide or magnesium peroxide, and is preferably spherical, and the oxygen slow-release material 231 slowly releases oxygen into water to form an anaerobic zone, an anoxic zone and an aerobic zone, so that the action of water microorganisms is enhanced, the denitrification and dephosphorization effects are increased, malodor generated by the water due to anoxic can be reduced, and the environment is beautified to a certain extent. The number of the oxygen slow-release materials 231 is adjusted according to the depth of the actual water body: when the water depth is less than or equal to 2m, 3-5 oxygen slow release materials 231 are arranged; when the water depth is 2-4m, 6-10 oxygen slow release materials 231 are arranged; when the water depth is more than or equal to 4m, 11-18 oxygen slow-release materials 231 are arranged. The diffuser 240 is used to diffuse the drug, and the diffuser 240 may also be used to support microorganisms. The diffuser 240 is provided with loading fibers 250. The loading fibers 250 of the diffuser 240 may be made of porous elastic filler or other non-porous flexible material.
Further describing the installation mode of the loading unit of the present invention, the microorganism layer 200 is provided with the connection rope 210, and one end of the loading section 220 far from the oxygen slow-release section 230 of the present invention is detachably connected with the connection rope 210, or the loading section 220 forms a unit fiber bundle with a certain length, is tied on the connection rope 210, and then connects the connection rope 210 with the installation part 510 of the fixing pile 500, thereby fixing the fixing pile 500. The length and the hanging height of the loading piece are based on the normal growth of floating plants, the normal attachment of microorganisms and the normal growth of submerged plants.
The submerged plant layer 300 is disposed below the microbial layer 200 for planting submerged plants. The submerged plant layer 300 is prepared from herba Emiliae and Sargassum gracileOne or more of the foxtail algae, the plant planting density is larger than that of the floating plant layer 100, and the planting density is preferably 5-8 plants/m 2 . The submerged plant layer 300 includes a plurality of detachably connected planting units 320, and submerged plants are planted in the planting units 320. The submerged plant layer 300 is provided with a connector ii 310, and the submerged plant layer 300 is detachably connected with the mounting portion 510 of the fixing pile 500 through the connector ii 310. The connecting piece II 310 can be an iron wire or a steel wire, or can be other linear or strip-shaped objects with certain tensile strength.
According to the adaptability and the absorption capacity of different floating plants and submerged plants to nitrogen and phosphorus concentration, various plants can be placed in a plurality of ecological floating beds in the use process of a river channel. Moreover, the special combination of floating plants and submerged plants can produce better technical effects. The plant combination of the invention is preferably one or more of water lily, malaytea scurfpea, podocarpus, hydrilla verticillata, gordon euryale seed and foxtail. The water lily can absorb toxic substances such as mercury, lead, phenol and the like in water and can also absorb and filter particulate matters in water; the vegetables are strong in nature, strong in adaptability, cold-resistant, heat-resistant, yellow in winter and gradually recovered in spring; the gorgon fruit can effectively remove nitrogen, phosphorus and other nutrient substances in water, and reduce the eutrophication degree of water; the Ma Laiyan sub-vegetable has very good effect of absorbing nitrogen and phosphorus, and can effectively decompose organic matters in water and bottom mud; the black algae of the wheel blade can promote the conversion of phosphorus in the sediment to an available state, and has strong vitality, cold resistance and high temperature resistance; the foxtail algae can absorb nutrient substances such as nitrogen, phosphorus and the like in the sediment through roots, and can also absorb nutrient substances in water through stems and leaves.
The medicine delivery box 400 is installed on the outermost ring of the ecological floating bed in a buckling mode and the like and is used for delivering medicines required by pollutant treatment into polluted water, a delivery hole 420 is formed in the bottom of the medicine delivery box 400, and an automatic controller 410 is arranged in the medicine delivery box 400 and is used for controlling medicine delivery. The medicine used in the invention is a passivating agent and has excellent pollutant treatment effect. The dosing frequency of the passivating agent is determined according to the local water conditions, economy and other practical conditions, preferably 1-3 times per week, and the dosing amount of the passivating agent is 0.2-0.6 g/time, and is added by gravity. Further, the passivating agents used in the invention are all commercially available passivating agents, such as inorganic passivating agents, lime+biomass charcoal, diatomite, phosphate rock powder and the like. The present invention preferably uses a modified clay passivating agent, such as that developed by the Australian Federal science and industry organization (CSIRO) in the nineties of the twentieth century
(phosphorus locking agent) consisting of 95% bentonite and 5% rare earth lanthanum.
Compared with partial polluted bottom mud treatment technology, the passivation treatment has the advantages of good treatment effect, short treatment time, economy, suitability, wide application range and the like for the treatment of the polluted bottom mud, and the in-situ passivation technology is considered as one of in-situ, economy, efficiency and ecology bottom mud pollution treatment technologies, is suitable for the treatment of the polluted bottom mud such as phosphorus, heavy metal and the like, and particularly the technology of passivating phosphorus by aluminum salt has been applied and successfully achieved in a plurality of lakes abroad. Therefore, the invention combines the passivating agent with the ecological floating bed, and combines chemical restoration and biological restoration, thereby being capable of better restoring the eutrophic water body.
Further described, the passivating agent combines with soluble active phosphorus SRP in the water body in the sedimentation process to reduce the phosphorus concentration in the water body; the passivating agent is deposited and covered on the surface layer of the sediment to form a passivation layer, when the phosphorus in the sediment releases PO under proper conditions 4 3- When in use; the passivating agent of the surface layer can quickly and effectively capture PO 4 3- Stable compounds are formed which are less affected by environmental changes (redox, pH change, etc.), thereby achieving a suppression of the release of phosphorus from the deposit. On the one hand, the passivating agent can combine with PO in the water column in the process of settling from the surface layer of the water body to the sediment 4 3- Thereby reducing the concentration of SRP in the body of water; on the other hand, the passivation layer inhibits the release of phosphorus in the sediment to the water column, further reducing the phosphorus in the water body. The ecological floating bed has the main effect of absorbing eutrophication substances in water, such as total phosphorus, ammonia nitrogen, organic matters and the like, by utilizing the root system of plants, so that the nutrition of the water is transferred and reducedThe fishy smell and eutrophication of the light water body caused by the closed or self-circulation deficiency. The invention relates to a passivating agent and an ecological floating bed, combines the rapid and efficient chemical restoration of the passivating agent, the stability and the beauty of the biological restoration of the ecological floating bed, can continuously and stably restore the eutrophic water body for a long time, and is beneficial to the overall treatment of the water body.
In this embodiment, the width of the ecological floating bed of the present invention is about one third of the width of the river course, and is fixed near the shore by the fixing piles 500. The fixing pile 500 has a diameter of 30cm, and a mounting part 510 is arranged every 20cm along the length direction so as to adapt to the requirements of different deep water bodies. The floating plant layer 100 and the submerged plant layer 300 are cuboid with the length of 50cm, the width of 50cm and the height of 10cm, the planting groove 111 of the floating plant layer 100 is a truncated cone-shaped groove with the top diameter of 30cm, the bottom diameter of 20cm and the height of 30cm, the PVC material is adopted, the bottom of the planting groove 111 is provided with a water permeable hole 112 with the inner diameter of 1cm, and the water in the planting groove 111 can be conveniently exchanged. The loading piece of the microorganism layer 200 is made of synthetic fiber, the loading piece with the length of 6cm is tied on the connecting rope 210, the interval of each bundle of loading piece is 25cm, and space is provided for the adhesion growth of microorganisms. The oxygen slow release section 230 is arranged in the middle of the microorganism layer and is a sphere with the diameter of 10 cm. The medicine delivery box 400 is a cuboid with the length of 50cm, the width of 15cm and the height of 10cm, the bottom is provided with a delivery hole 420 with the diameter of 1cm and the automatic control, the automatic controller 410 is 10cm long, 5cm wide and 3cm high, and is arranged at one corner of the bottom of the medicine delivery box 400, and the delivery hole 420 is opened and closed by the automatic control to carry out the addition of the passivating agent. The connecting piece I130, the connecting rope 210 and the connecting piece II 310 of the present embodiment are made of iron wires with diameters of 0.5cm, and are connected with the mounting portion 510 on the fixing pile 500.
The multifunctional combined ecological floating bed of the embodiment is subjected to a repair test in a polluted water body, the overlying water and the bottom mud collected from the same eutrophic water body are set as a small pond, and specific comparison experiments are carried out, and the area size is set as 3 groups which are respectively 2m 2 、4m 2 、8m 2 And the serial numbers are respectively 1, 2 and 3. No. 1, 2 ecological floating bed monomers 110 and 6 medicine delivery boxes 400, microorganism layer 200 and submerged plant layer 300 with equal area according to the inventionThe number 2 is provided with 4 ecological floating bed monomers 110 and 8 medicine feeding boxes 400, the microorganism layer 200 and the submerged plant layer 300 with equal areas, and the number 3 is provided with 8 ecological floating bed monomers 110 and 12 medicine feeding boxes 400, the microorganism layer 200 and the submerged plant layer 300 with equal areas. The medicine feeding box 400 is filled with a passivating agent, the plant combination adopts water lily and malaytea scurfpea vine, the test time is 60 days, water samples are taken every day to measure various water quality indexes, the water quality indexes of the original eutrophication water body are used as a reference, the influence of the device on various water quality indexes in the eutrophication water body is calculated, and the result is shown in table 1:
TABLE 1 different contaminant removal rates
After the treatment of the multifunctional combined ecological floating bed of the embodiment, nitrate nitrogen
Nitrite nitrogen
Ammonia nitrogen->
The removal rates of Total Nitrogen (TN), total Phosphorus (TP) and Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) are up to 70.1%, 56.9%, 40.8%, 56.4%, 83.6% and 43.8%, respectively, and the microbial growth conditions are good, abnormal phenomena such as filiform expansion and the like do not occur in the test period, and the floating plants and submerged plants grow well, and meanwhile, a certain landscape effect is formed, and a certain attractive effect is achieved on the water body.
Comparative example 1
The basic content of this comparative example is the same as that of example 1, except that: the comparative example is a comparative experiment of example 1, and is set to 3 groups according to the size of the pond area, and is respectively 2m 2 、4m 2 、8m 2 And the serial numbers are respectively number 4, number 5 and number 6. No. 4 is provided with 2 ecological floating bed monomers 110 with equal areaThe microorganism layer 200 and the submerged plant layer 300,5 are provided with 4 ecological floating bed monomers 110, the microorganism layer 200 and the submerged plant layer 300 with equal area, and the microorganism layer 200 and the submerged plant layer 300 with equal area are provided with 8 ecological floating bed monomers 110 and 6. The plant combination adopts water lily and malaytea scurfpea, the test time is 60 days, each water quality index is measured by taking a water sample every day, the original eutrophication water quality index is used as a control, the influence of the device of the invention on each water quality index in the eutrophication water is calculated, and the result is shown in table 2:
TABLE 2 different contaminant removal rates
Comparing the tests of the No. 1 and the No. 4, the No. 2 and the No. 5, and the No. 3 and the No. 6, the treatment effect of the embodiment 1 on the eutrophic water body is obviously better than that of the comparative example under other conditions, the quality of the treated water body is obviously improved,
comparative example 2
The basic content of this comparative example is the same as that of example 1, except that: the comparative example is a comparative experiment of example 1, and is set to 3 groups according to the size of the pond area, and is respectively 2m 2 、4m 2 、8m 2 And the serial numbers are respectively 7, 8 and 9. 6 medicine dispensing boxes 400 are installed in the number 7, 8 medicine dispensing boxes 400,9 are installed in the number 8, and 12 medicine dispensing boxes 400 are installed in the number 8. The drug delivery cartridges 400 each contain a passivating agent. The test time is 60 days, water samples are taken every day to measure various water quality indexes, the original eutrophic water quality indexes are used as a comparison, the influence of the device on various water quality indexes in the eutrophic water is calculated, and the result is shown in table 3:
TABLE 3 different contaminant removal rates
Comparing the tests of the No. 1 and the No. 7, the No. 2 and the No. 8, and the No. 3 and the No. 9, the treatment effect of the embodiment 1 on the eutrophic water body is obviously better than that of the comparative example under other conditions, and the quality of the treated water body is obviously improved.
Comparative example 3
The basic content of this comparative example is the same as that of example 1, except that: the comparative example is a comparative experiment of example 1, and is set to 3 groups according to the size of the pond area, and is respectively 2m 2 、4m 2 、8m 2 And the serial numbers are respectively 10, 11 and 12. The method comprises the steps of installing 2 ecological floating bed monomers 110, an equal-area microorganism layer 200 and a submerged plant layer 300 in number 10, installing 6 medicine delivery boxes 400 at a position with a linear distance of less than or equal to 20cm from the ecological floating bed monomers 110, installing 4 ecological floating bed monomers 110, an equal-area microorganism layer 200 and a submerged plant layer 300 in number 11, installing 8 medicine delivery boxes 400 at a position with a distance of less than or equal to 40cm, installing 8 ecological floating bed monomers 110, an equal-area microorganism layer 200 and a submerged plant layer 300 in number 12, and installing 12 medicine delivery boxes 400 at a position with a distance of less than or equal to 80 cm. The medicine delivery boxes 400 are all filled with passivating agents, the plant combination adopts water lily and malaytea scurfpea vine, the test time is 60 days, water samples are taken every day to measure various water quality indexes, the water quality indexes of the original eutrophication water body are used as a reference, the influence of the device on various water quality indexes in the eutrophication water body is calculated, and the result is shown in table 4:
TABLE 4 different contaminant removal rates
As can be seen from comparison of the tests of the test numbers 1 and 10, the test numbers 2 and 11, and the test numbers 3 and 12, the treatment effect of the embodiment 1 on the eutrophic water body is obviously better than that of the comparative example under the condition of the same other conditions, and the quality of the treated water body is obviously improved.
More specifically, although exemplary embodiments of the present invention have been described herein, the present invention is not limited to these embodiments, but includes any and all embodiments that have been modified, omitted, e.g., combined, adapted, and/or substituted between the various embodiments, as would be recognized by those skilled in the art in light of the foregoing detailed description. The limitations in the claims are to be interpreted broadly based on the language employed in the claims and not limited to examples described in the foregoing detailed description or during the prosecution of the application, which examples are to be construed as non-exclusive. Any steps recited in any method or process claims may be executed in any order and are not limited to the order presented in the claims. The scope of the invention should, therefore, be determined only by the appended claims and their legal equivalents, rather than by the descriptions and examples given above.
Claims (6)
1. Multifunctional combined ecological floating bed is from top to bottom set gradually floating plant layer (100), microorganism layer (200) and submerged plant layer (300), the week side on floating plant layer (100) is provided with medicine and puts in box (400), its characterized in that: the microbial layer (200) is provided with a loading piece, the loading piece is provided with loading fibers (250), and the length of the loading fibers (250) is L 1 The total length of the load piece is L, L: l (L) 1 =5-20; the load piece comprises a load section (220), an oxygen slow-release section (230) and a diffusion section (240);
the oxygen slow release section (230) is arranged between the load section (220) and the diffusion section (240), and the oxygen slow release section (230) is provided with an oxygen slow release material (231);
the loading section (220) and the diffusion section (240) are provided with loading fibers (250); the plant planting density of the floating plant layer (100) is less than the plant planting density of the submerged plant layer (300);
a passivating agent is arranged in the medicine delivery box (400);
the bottom of the medicine delivery box (400) is provided with a delivery hole (420), and/or
An automatic controller (410) is arranged in the medicine delivery box (400) and is used for controlling medicine delivery.
2. The multifunctional combined ecological floating bed according to claim 1, wherein: the floating plant layer (100) is planted with floating plants, which are one or more of water lily, side-by-side vegetables and gorgon euryale seeds, and/or
The submerged plant layer (300) is planted with submerged plants, and the submerged plants are one or more of Mallotus japonicus, sargassum graminifolium and Sargassum fusiforme.
3. The multifunctional combined ecological floating bed according to claim 1, wherein: still include spud (500), the periphery side on floating plant layer (100), microorganism layer (200) and submerged plant layer (300) all is connected with spud (500) can be dismantled through installation department (510).
4. The multifunctional combined ecological floating bed according to claim 1, wherein: the oxygen slow release material (231) is loaded with one or two of calcium peroxide and magnesium peroxide.
5. The multifunctional combined ecological floating bed according to claim 1, wherein: the dosing frequency of the passivating agent is 1-3 times per week, and the dosing amount of the passivating agent is 0.2-0.6 g/time.
6. A multifunctional combined ecological floating bed according to claim 2, characterized in that: the floating plant layer is provided with a planting groove (111) and a planting substrate, and the bottom of the planting groove (111) is provided with a water permeable hole (112); the ratio of the particle size of the planting substrate to the pore diameter of the water permeable pores (112) is 1.2-1.3.
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