CN103782738A - Breeding method of long purple eggplants - Google Patents
Breeding method of long purple eggplants Download PDFInfo
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- CN103782738A CN103782738A CN201210421005.2A CN201210421005A CN103782738A CN 103782738 A CN103782738 A CN 103782738A CN 201210421005 A CN201210421005 A CN 201210421005A CN 103782738 A CN103782738 A CN 103782738A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a breeding method of long purple eggplants. The breeding method comprises step 1, bed soil disinfection which comprises performing disinfection through formalin with 40% of formaldehyde; step 2, sprouting which comprises soaking seeds of the long purple eggplants for 20 minutes through 10% of trisodium phosphate or a 0.1% of potassium permanganate solution and washing the seeds for 30 minutes through fresh water after the seeds are taken out; step 3, seeding which comprises drenching the bed soil through water, spreading the sprouted seeds on the bed surface uniformly, covering the 1cm thickness of nutritional soil, setting up an arched shed on the bed surface and covering a mulching film; step 4, seedling stage management which comprises performing sealed heat preservation after the seeding to keep the temperature at 28 DEG C; step 5, seedling separation; step 6, topdressing and watering. According to the breeding method of the long purple eggplants, fruits obtained through production are good in quality and are long-bar-shaped, the fruit shape is symmetrical, the longitudinal diameter is 30 to 36 cm, the transverse diameter is 4 to 4.5 cm, and the fruits conform to the consumption habit in the area in which people like eating the long eggplants.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of breeding method of vegetable variety, particularly relate to a kind of breeding method of purple long eggplant, belong to eggplant breeding technical field in agricultural production.
Background technology
Eggplant belongs to fruits and vegetables class, nutritious, and the content that contains the multiple nutritional components, particularly citrin such as protein, fat, carbohydrate, vitamin and calcium, phosphorus, iron is very high.In every 100 grams, contain 750 milligrams of citrins.Citrin can make vascular wall keep elasticity and physiological function, prevents sclerosis and breaks, and often edible eggplant, contributes to prevent and treat hypertension, coronary heart disease, arteriosclerosis and purpura haemorrhagica.
Eggplant is annual herb plant, the system of taproot, and root reaches 50 centimetres deeply, and cross growth reaches 120 centimetres, and most of root is distributed in 30 centimetres of plow layer.Eggplant growth thermophilic is 20-30 ℃, all can plant throughout the year in south.Eggplant will reach good quality and high output, must carry out scientific management according to its habit of growth.
Along with improving constantly and the development of Protected production of people's living standard; purple long eggplant has become the high-grade special vegetables of people's early spring and favor in late fall; but the growth of purple long eggplant is had relatively high expectations; in general; the purple long eggplant of seeking precocity, of fine quality, high yield, strong stress resistance, need to improve existing breeding method.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to: a kind of breeding method of purple long eggplant is provided, meets the requirement of precocious, of fine quality, high yield, strong stress resistance, thereby can effectively solve above-mentioned problems of the prior art.
The object of the invention realizes by following technical proposals: a kind of breeding method of purple long eggplant, comprises the following steps:
The first step, bed soil disinfection: with the formalin sterilization of 40% content of formaldehyde, formalin consumption: 200～300 milliliters of formalin add water 25～30 kilograms, 1000 kilograms, disinfecting bed soil; Sterilization method: enter first 15～20 days of bed,, spray into above-mentioned formalin solution by mound in the open, mix wet straw screen or mat on bonnet thoroughly, pile vexed 2～3 days; Then throw off straw screen or mat, through 15～20 days, after formalin gas in soil distributes to the greatest extent, get 5 parts of Nutrition Soils, become thoroughly decomposed 4 parts of horsehits and 1 part of mixing of slag, every cubic metre adds diammonium phosphate 2kg, makes bed soil;
Second step, vernalization: the seed of purple long eggplant is soaked 20 minutes with 10% tertiary sodium phosphate or 0.1% liquor potassic permanganate, after taking-up, rinse approximately 30 minutes with clear water, the surface of the seed is totally without mucus, be watered 2 kilograms of wiring solution-formings with 1 gram of gibberellin, soak 4-5 hour by putting into this solution through the seed of upper step, with clear water flushing 10 minutes, drain;
The 3rd step, sowing: bed soil is watered permeable, will urge the seed uniform broadcasting of bud on bed surface, then cover the Nutrition Soil that 1cm is thick, bed surface props up shed, covering with plastic film;
The 4th step, Seedling Stage management: after planting sealed thermal insulating, maintains the temperature at 28 ℃; After 80% emerges, open mulch film and leak informaton, reduce temperature to 25-26 ℃; In the time of seed arch soil, evenly spread one deck fine earth; Seedling Stage, day temperature remains on 25～28 ℃, 15～18 ℃ of nocturnal temperatures;
The 5th step, point seedling: in the time growing 2-3 sheet true leaf, start a point seedling; Point seedling the previous day, seedling bed is watered once permeable; After this field planting while buddingging to rice shoot, density is every mu of 6600-7000 strain;
The 6th step, topdresses and waters: live after strain, chase after 1000 kilograms of night soils or 10 kilograms of the composite fertilizers of spreading manuer in holes; Expand the initial stage door eggplant, execute 15 kilograms of 1500 kilograms of night soils or composite fertilizers; The result Sheng phase chases after 20 kilograms of 2000 kilograms of night soils or composite fertilizers; Watering after sufficient normal root water, watering steady fruit water; Before gathering 2 to 3 days, water and once rush the severe edema due to hypofunction of the spleen.
As a kind of optimal way, 1-2 days prior to seeding, uses sufficient base manure: use 50 kilograms of 80 kilograms of 1000-1500 kilogram of pig ox chicken manure, peanut press pulps, the superphosphate and 80 kilograms, the lime that become thoroughly decomposed and mix, in the time playing furrow, apply for every mu.
As a kind of optimal way, fruiting period management: when half plant sees after fruit, water water one time in every about 10 days, execute disposable fertilizer every a water, impose urea 20-25 kilogram at every turn, keep meeting personally wet.
As a kind of optimal way, single stalk pinching: after result, do not stay side shoot under door eggplant, cut first side shoot under an eggplant, 1 side shoot when reservation eggplant stares; 3 eggplants are stayed in every strain, stay the pinching of 2-3 sheet leaf on fruit top.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effect of the present invention: adopt breeding method of the present invention, production gained fruit moral character is good, is shaped as long clavate, and fruit shape is well-balanced, vertical footpath 30-36cm, transverse diameter 4-4.5cm, meets the consumption habit of liking eclipse duration eggplant area; In addition, this breeding method is carried out facility cultivation, ripe in morning, tolerance to low temperature and weak light, and bearing capacity is strong continuously, and diseases prevention worm ability is strong, is convenient to cultivation.
Embodiment
In order to make object of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearer, below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is further elaborated.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein, only in order to explain the present invention, is not intended to limit the present invention.
Disclosed all features in this specification, or step in disclosed all methods or process, except the speciality and/or step of mutual repulsion, all can combine by any way, unless narration especially, all can be replaced by other equivalences or the alternative features with similar object,, unless narration especially, an embodiment in a series of equivalences of each feature or similar characteristics.
A breeding method for purple long eggplant, comprises the following steps:
First, select breeding; The Eggplant Varieties of current suitable Sichuan province plantation mainly, pulp white purplish red take disease-resistant, the heat-resisting resistance to rainwater of anti-green grass or young crops, color of the leather, long clavate as main.The kind of the long 30 centimetres of left and right of fruit has red rich, Changfeng, the early long eggplant of rich, peasant, the long eggplant in Guilin, have Guangdong eggplant No. 2, Yue Feng, the red eggplant of stone tone tablet of the long 25 centimetres of left and right of fruit.Wherein red rich fruit grow up, evenly, good looking appearance.Guangdong eggplant is for No. 2 high resistance to bacterial wilt and verticillium wilt kind; Yue Feng, the dark glossiness of the red eggplant color of stone tone tablet are fine; The long eggplant output in Guilin is high, disease-resistant, but pulp cyan.Therefore, the present embodiment is selected the long eggplant in Guilin.
Then, the whole ground of selection of land: it is the plot of non-solanaceous crops that previous crops should be selected in seedbed and field planting ground, preferably paddy field, deep ploughing is tanned by the sun, and plays 30 centimetres of above high furrow; The wide bag ditch of furrow, duplicate rows is planted 1.7 meters, and single file is planted 1 meter; Bed soil disinfection: for preventing that bed soil from passing disease carrying germ, 7-10 days prior to seeding, with the formalin sterilization of 40% content of formaldehyde, formalin consumption: 200～300 milliliters of formalin add water 25～30 kilograms, 1000 kilograms, disinfecting bed soil; Sterilization method: enter first 15～20 days of bed,, spray into above-mentioned formalin solution by mound in the open, mix wet straw screen or mat on bonnet thoroughly, pile vexed 2～3 days, can reach sterilisation purpose, then throw off straw screen or mat, through 15～20 days, after formalin gas in soil distributes to the greatest extent, get 5 parts of Nutrition Soils, become thoroughly decomposed 4 parts of horsehits and 1 part of mixing of slag, every cubic metre adds diammonium phosphate 2kg, fully mix, pulverize, sieve, make bed soil; Distribute for accelerating gas, soil can be done to pine, as flavour of a drug do not clear, poisoning can occur, can not put into seedbed, more should not be used to sowing.
In this step, seed bed is because thickness of sowing is large, absorbs moisture and mineral matter total amount is larger in unit are from bed soil; In addition, root system is intensive, and its respiration is tighter to the requirement of oxygen, so the necessary good permeability of the Nutrition Soil of seed bed contains the needed various nutrition of growth of seedling.
Vernalization: the seed of purple long eggplant is soaked 20 minutes with 10% tertiary sodium phosphate or 0.1% liquor potassic permanganate, after taking-up, rinse approximately 30 minutes with clear water, the surface of the seed is totally without mucus, be watered 2 kilograms of wiring solution-formings with 1 gram of gibberellin, soak 4-5 hour by putting into this solution through the seed of upper step, with clear water flushing 10 minutes, drain.
Sowing: bed soil is watered permeable, will urge the seed uniform broadcasting of bud on bed surface, then cover the Nutrition Soil that 1cm is thick, bed surface props up shed, covering with plastic film; Note, 1-2 days prior to seeding, uses sufficient base manure: use 50 kilograms of 80 kilograms of 1000-1500 kilogram of pig ox chicken manure, peanut press pulps, the superphosphate and 80 kilograms, the lime that become thoroughly decomposed and mix, in the time playing furrow, apply for every mu.
Seedling Stage management: after planting sealed thermal insulating, maintains the temperature at 28 ℃; After 80% emerges, open mulch film and leak informaton, reduce temperature to 25-26 ℃, prevent that damping off from occurring; In the time of seed arch soil, evenly spread one deck fine earth; Seedling Stage, day temperature remains on 25～28 ℃, 15～18 ℃ of nocturnal temperatures.
Divide seedling: in the time growing 2-3 sheet true leaf, start a point seedling; Point seedling the previous day, seedling bed is watered once permeable; After this field planting while buddingging to rice shoot, density is every mu of 6600-7000 strain.
Seedbed water management: take meet rice shoot to the needs of moisture as principle, both do not watered too much, the inundue moisture of controlling yet.By observing rice shoot growing way and showing native moisture situation and deal with on the merits of each case.Dry when table soil, when noon, rice shoot had slight wilting, should select fine day suitably to water the morning.The in the situation that of rice shoot normal growth take keep furrow meet personally dry see wet as principle.
Hardening: first 10 days of field planting, seedbed is watered once permeable, cuts for the 2nd day and sticks together, and seedling is sticked together and moved, and starts to shine to stick together, and shines and sees that to the surface that sticks together while doing, Xiang Tuo and Tu Tuo gap are spread thin moisture soil and stored up seedling.To feeding block seedlings raising, only need move nutritive cube, to cut off the root system stretching to outside alms bowl.After the healing of rice shoot root system, strengthen gradually ventilation, cooling hydrofuge, carries out rice shoot exercise, to strengthen the adaptability of young plant.
Topdress and water: live after strain, chase after 1000 kilograms of night soils or 10 kilograms of the composite fertilizers of spreading manuer in holes; Expand the initial stage door eggplant, execute 15 kilograms of 1500 kilograms of night soils or composite fertilizers; The result Sheng phase chases after 20 kilograms of 2000 kilograms of night soils or composite fertilizers; Watering after sufficient normal root water, watering steady fruit water; Before gathering 2 to 3 days, water and once rush the severe edema due to hypofunction of the spleen.
Fruiting period management: when half plant sees after fruit, water water one time in every about 10 days, execute disposable fertilizer every a water, impose urea 20-25 kilogram at every turn, keep meeting personally wet; Single stalk pinching after result: do not stay side shoot under door eggplant, cut first side shoot under an eggplant, 1 side shoot when reservation eggplant stares; 3 eggplants are stayed in every strain, stay the pinching of 2-3 sheet leaf on fruit top.
In addition, to wilting venereal disease evils such as eggplant verticillium wilt, fusarium wilt, root rot, bacterial wilts, prevent and treat in time.
The many reveal any symptomses that start after bearing fruit of verticillium wilt, develop to complete stool from bottom to top or from one side; Blade is just in leaf margin and vein flavescence, after be developed to one side of something and to one-piece blade flavescence; Later stage, sick leaf was brown by xanthochromia, came off eventually to wilting sagging.
Fusarium wilt all can be fallen ill to strain from seedling stage harvest time; The flavescence from bottom to top of diseased plant blade is withered.
Root rot mostly occurs after field planting, and while just morbidity, blade wilting on daytime, can recover sooner or later, and rear blade flavescence in many days is withered repeatedly.
Only the upper one or several sheets leaf looks of indivedual branches are thin out for bacterial wilt their early stage, present part wither vertical, after expand to whole strain, last browning look.
Several soil-borne diseases that are above.
Adopt following chemical control: the peaceful 40% wettable powder 600-700 times liquid of early stage available root-rot or the carbendazim 50% wettable powder 600-900 of eggplant verticillium wilt, fusarium wilt and root rot doubly fill with root, Jia Daning or network ammonia copper or blue or green withered clean filling root for bacterial wilt.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention, all any modifications of doing within the spirit and principles in the present invention, be equal to and replace and improvement etc., within all should being included in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. a breeding method for purple long eggplant, is characterized in that: comprise the following steps:
The first step, bed soil disinfection: with the formalin sterilization of 40% content of formaldehyde, formalin consumption: 200～300 milliliters of formalin add water 25～30 kilograms, 1000 kilograms, disinfecting bed soil; Sterilization method: enter first 15～20 days of bed,, spray into above-mentioned formalin solution by mound in the open, mix wet straw screen or mat on bonnet thoroughly, pile vexed 2～3 days; Then throw off straw screen or mat, through 15～20 days, after formalin gas in soil distributes to the greatest extent, get 5 parts of Nutrition Soils, become thoroughly decomposed 4 parts of horsehits and 1 part of mixing of slag, every cubic metre adds diammonium phosphate 2kg, makes bed soil;
Second step, vernalization: the seed of purple long eggplant is soaked 20 minutes with 10% tertiary sodium phosphate or 0.1% liquor potassic permanganate, after taking-up, rinse approximately 30 minutes with clear water, the surface of the seed is totally without mucus, be watered 2 kilograms of wiring solution-formings with 1 gram of gibberellin, soak 4-5 hour by putting into this solution through the seed of upper step, with clear water flushing 10 minutes, drain;
The 3rd step, sowing: bed soil is watered permeable, will urge the seed uniform broadcasting of bud on bed surface, then cover the Nutrition Soil that 1cm is thick, bed surface props up shed, covering with plastic film;
The 4th step, Seedling Stage management: after planting sealed thermal insulating, maintains the temperature at 28 ℃; After 80% emerges, open mulch film and leak informaton, reduce temperature to 25-26 ℃; In the time of seed arch soil, evenly spread one deck fine earth; Seedling Stage, day temperature remains on 25～28 ℃, 15～18 ℃ of nocturnal temperatures;
The 5th step, point seedling: in the time growing 2-3 sheet true leaf, start a point seedling; Point seedling the previous day, seedling bed is watered once permeable; After this field planting while buddingging to rice shoot, density is every mu of 6600-7000 strain;
The 6th step, topdresses and waters: live after strain, chase after 1000 kilograms of night soils or 10 kilograms of the composite fertilizers of spreading manuer in holes; Expand the initial stage door eggplant, execute 15 kilograms of 1500 kilograms of night soils or composite fertilizers; The result Sheng phase chases after 20 kilograms of 2000 kilograms of night soils or composite fertilizers; Watering after sufficient normal root water, watering steady fruit water; Before gathering 2 to 3 days, water and once rush the severe edema due to hypofunction of the spleen.
2. the breeding method of purple long eggplant as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that:
1-2 days prior to seeding, uses sufficient base manure: use 50 kilograms of 80 kilograms of 1000-1500 kilogram of pig ox chicken manure, peanut press pulps, the superphosphate and 80 kilograms, the lime that become thoroughly decomposed and mix, in the time playing furrow, apply for every mu.
3. the breeding method of purple long eggplant as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: fruiting period management: when half plant sees after fruit, within every about 10 days, water water one time, execute disposable fertilizer every a water, impose urea 20-25 kilogram at every turn, keep meeting personally wet.
4. the breeding method of purple long eggplant as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: single stalk pinching: after result, do not stay side shoot under door eggplant, cut first side shoot under an eggplant, 1 side shoot when reservation eggplant stares; 3 eggplants are stayed in every strain, stay the pinching of 2-3 sheet leaf on fruit top.
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| CN201210421005.2A CN103782738A (en) | 2012-10-30 | 2012-10-30 | Breeding method of long purple eggplants |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105830694A (en) * | 2016-03-24 | 2016-08-10 | 柳培健 | Cultivation method of nuisance-less eggplants |
| CN106233956A (en) * | 2016-07-29 | 2016-12-21 | 太仓市新滨农场专业合作社 | A kind of implantation methods of high yield Fructus Solani melongenae |
| CN106258365A (en) * | 2016-08-11 | 2017-01-04 | 望江县开心家庭农场有限公司 | A kind of breeding method of long eggplant |
| CN107360845A (en) * | 2017-08-25 | 2017-11-21 | 佛山市三水区嘉信农业技术研究院（普通合伙） | A kind of implantation methods of Silicon-rich eggplant |
-
2012
- 2012-10-30 CN CN201210421005.2A patent/CN103782738A/en active Pending
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105830694A (en) * | 2016-03-24 | 2016-08-10 | 柳培健 | Cultivation method of nuisance-less eggplants |
| CN105830694B (en) * | 2016-03-24 | 2018-05-08 | 淮南师范学院 | A kind of cultural method of nuisanceless eggplant |
| CN106233956A (en) * | 2016-07-29 | 2016-12-21 | 太仓市新滨农场专业合作社 | A kind of implantation methods of high yield Fructus Solani melongenae |
| CN106258365A (en) * | 2016-08-11 | 2017-01-04 | 望江县开心家庭农场有限公司 | A kind of breeding method of long eggplant |
| CN107360845A (en) * | 2017-08-25 | 2017-11-21 | 佛山市三水区嘉信农业技术研究院（普通合伙） | A kind of implantation methods of Silicon-rich eggplant |
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Application publication date: 20140514 |