CN103766246A - Artificial breeding method of Gomphina aequilatera - Google Patents
Artificial breeding method of Gomphina aequilatera Download PDFInfo
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- CN103766246A CN103766246A CN201210397493.8A CN201210397493A CN103766246A CN 103766246 A CN103766246 A CN 103766246A CN 201210397493 A CN201210397493 A CN 201210397493A CN 103766246 A CN103766246 A CN 103766246A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
The invention provides an artificial breeding method of Gomphina aequilatera. Some parameters in the whole process including temporary culture of parental mollusk, induced spawning, incubation, larvae cultivation, juvenile mollusk culture and the like are adjusted; especially, the salinity of the adopted seawater and the granularity of sand grains for a larvae adherance are reduced; in other words, the salinity of the seawater is controlled to be above 15 in the whole process, and during the juvenile mollusk culture, the granularity of the sand grains for the sand matrix as the adherance is lower than 80; the sand matrix is 2mm+/-0.2mm thick; the thickness of the matrix is increased by 0.2mm every five days as the juvenile mollusk grows. Compared with the prior art, the artificial breeding method has the advantages that the survival rate of the relatively incubated larvae of the qualified juvenile mollusk is increased and can be above 30%, and in particular, the survival rate of the juvenile mollusk is even increased to 50%.
Description
Technical field
What the present invention relates to is a kind of equilateral shallow clam artificial raise seedling method.
Background technology
Equilateral shallow clam Gomphina venerformis(Lamarck) belong to the shallow clam genus of lamellibranchiata Veneridae, be the littoral endemic species in Western Pacific, equilateral shallow clam delicious meat, the main object of gathering seafood on the beach when the tide is ebbing for coastal resident since ancient times, is the edible bivalve that economic worth is higher.Have " Oceanography Institute Of Zhejiang's journal (natural science edition) " disclosed equilateral shallow clam artificial raise seedling method of the 27th volume contained " equilateral shallow clam Experiment On The Artificial Seed Rearing of Bartard preliminary study " in 2008 to be:
1, close shellfish is supported temporarily
With sand filtration seawater, the dirt on close shellfish surface is rinsed well, uniform broadcasting, at the bottom of cement pit, adds sand leaching water 60 ~ 70cm and supports temporarily after 2d, and impurity and damaged dead individuality are taken out.Then collect close shellfish, rinse well with sand leaching water, the liquor potassic permanganate that the is placed in 10mg/L 10min that sterilizes, rinses well with clear water.By the close shellfish uniform broadcasting of handling well in being covered with the cement pit of the thick sand substrate of 5cm, about l ~ 2 kg/m of density
2, the depth of water 80 ~ 100cm, 15 ~ 25 ℃ of water temperatures during supporting temporarily, salinity 20 ~ 30, pH7.8 ~ 8.5.Continuous charge, changes water every day 1 time, and quantity of exchanged water is greater than 100%.Bait, take the chrysophyceae of throwing something and feeding as main, is aided with the Micro Algae bait such as little diatom, flat algae, throws something and feeds every day 2 ~ 3 times, and food density reaches 5 ~ 100,000/mL.
2, hasten parturition
If ovum or sperm can naturally spread and be free shape in seawater in close shellfish body, can hasten parturition.
Close shellfish after sterile-processed is placed in the dry 7 ~ 8h of revealing in ventilation, then moves into the spawning pond stimulation by running water 1 ~ 2h getting ready, can obtain a large amount of discharges.25 ~ 30 ℃ of spawning pond water temperatures, salinity 20 ~ 30, pH8.0, keeps inflation.
3, hatching
In the time that in water body, ovum density reaches 10 ~ 15/mL, remove close shellfish, add EDETATE SODIUM and the 1mg/L poultry penicillin of 5mg/L.Fertilized egg is hatched in former pond.Pond maritime interior waters salinity approximately 23 left and right, pH is 8.0 left and right, 25 ℃ of natural temperatures.
4, larvae cultivation
Embryonic development, to straight line twisting larva, moves the another pond of people and cultivates, and larva culture density is controlled at 8 ~ 15/mL, 25 ~ 30 ℃ of water temperatures, salinity 20 ~ 30, inflation.Change water every day 2 times, change after water at every turn and execute the EDETATE SODIUM of throwing 5mg/L, cultivate water through 2 sand filtration processing, every 4d falls pond 1 time.Day bait throwing in 2 times, bait, take chrysophyceae as main, is aided with flat algae, Chaetoceros.Early stage, food density was 1 ~ 50,000/mL, later stage 5 ~ 100,000/mL.The Chi Houke that falls executes lmg/L poultry penicillin and prevents disease.
5, juvenile mollusk is cultivated
Larva after entering the abnormal setting stage, utilizes without matrix and sand substraturn approach is collected seedling and juvenile mollusk is cultivated.Its medium sand matrix adopts 40 orders to filter, and more than chlorine-containing disinfecting sheet sterilization 12h, by the fine sand of sodium thiosulfate neutralisation treatment, thickness is about 23 mm, increases gradually stromal thickness with juvenile mollusk growth.Larval metamorphosis phase and juvenile mollusk culture period every other day are changed water 2 times, and each quantity of exchanged water 150% ~ 200% changes throw something and feed after water chrysophyceae, Chaetoceros, feeding volume 5 ~ l0 ten thousand/mL, the throwing flat algae of can holding concurrently.
This method has been opened the artificial breeding of equilateral shallow clam, but the qualified juvenile mollusk number of the method gained be incubate larva number approximately 23%, survival rate is on the low side.
Summary of the invention
For above-mentioned deficiency, technical problem to be solved by this invention is to find more suitable artificial environment, thereby a kind of equilateral shallow clam artificial raise seedling method that has improved survival rate is provided.
Equilateral shallow clam artificial raise seedling method provided by the invention, its process is:
1, close shellfish is supported temporarily
The dirt on close shellfish surface is rinsed well with sand filtration seawater; Then the liquor potassic permanganate that is placed in 10mg/L is sterilized; Rinse well with clear water again; Then by close shellfish uniform broadcasting in having the storage pond, holding pond of sand substrate; Water temperature, salinity and the pH value of controlling seawater in pond, wherein water temperature is at 15 ~ 25 ℃, and pH value is 7.8 ~ 8.5, and continuous charge; Change water every day 1 time; Throw something and feed every day Micro Algae bait 2 ~ 3 times;
2, hasten parturition
Regularly anatomic observation parent shellfish sexual gland, hastens parturition finding that ovum or sperm can naturally spread while being free shape in seawater, and induced spawning method is from supporting pond and pick up temporarily by close shellfish; In the liquor potassic permanganate of 10mg/L, sterilize again; Rinse well with clear water again, be then placed in the dry dew in ventilation; Move into again the spawning pond of getting ready and carry out stimulation by running water; Control water temperature, salinity and the pH value of seawater in spawning pond, and continuous charge;
3, hatching
In the time that in water body, ovum density reaches 10 ~ 15/mL, remove close shellfish, and stop inflation, fertilized egg is hatched in former pond.
4, larvae cultivation
Embryonic development, to straight line twisting larva, moves people and cultivates pond, and cultivating and controlling larva culture density in pond is 8 ~ 15/mL; Control water temperature, the salinity of cultivating seawater in pond, and inflate; Change water every day 2 times, regularly fall pond, institute water is through sand filtration processing, changes water and falls behind pond and throw in disinfectant; Bait throwing in every day 2 times, controls food density;
5, juvenile mollusk is cultivated
Larva enters after period of metamorphosis, moves into juvenile mollusk and cultivates pond, carries out juvenile mollusk cultivation with sand substraturn approach, allows larva adhere to and enter the juvenile mollusk nurturing period in sand matrix, and its medium sand matrix is with the sand grains composition through sieving, sterilizing, and sand stromal thickness increases gradually with juvenile mollusk growth; In larval metamorphosis phase and juvenile mollusk culture period, change water 2 every day; Change the bait of throwing something and feeding after water at every turn; Regularly fall at pond, the suction end;
Wherein, in the time that close shellfish is supported temporarily, the disinfecting solution of potassium permanganate time is 2min, and the thickness of storage pond, holding pond sand substrate is 10cm; Support temporarily density for being greater than 2kg/m
2, be less than 3kg/m
2; Storage pond, holding pond depth of water 50cm, salinity more than 15, is less than 20; Every day quantity of exchanged water 20%; Bait is take chrysophyceae as main, and little diatom, chlorella, flat algae are auxiliary, and number ratio is the little Gui Zao of Jin Zao ︰ ︰ little Qiu Zao ︰ flat algae=6 ︰ 2 ︰ 1 ︰ 1, and in the water of pond, food density keeps reaching 4 ~ 60,000/mL;
In the time hastening parturition, be 12h at the temperature of exposure and dry of ventilation, the stimulation by running water time is 3h; 22 ℃ of spawning pond water temperatures; In water, add EDTA, make the EDTA concentration of Chi Shui reach 5mg/L;
In the time of larvae cultivation, more than in cultivation pond, the water temperature of seawater is controlled at 20 ℃, lower than 25 ℃, salinity is controlled at more than 15, lower than 20; Disinfectant is EDTA and penicillin, and the concentration of Chi Shuizhong reaches respectively 5mg/L and 0.5mg/L; The cycle of falling pond is 1 time/3d; Bait is take chrysophyceae as main, and diatom, chlorella are auxiliary, and number ratio is the little Gui Zao of Jin Zao ︰ ︰ little Qiu Zao ︰ flat algae=7 ︰ 2 ︰ 1, and food density D type larva to shell top larval phase is 0.5 ~ 10,000/mL, and the Creeping larva phase is 2 ~ 30,000/mL;
In the time that juvenile mollusk is cultivated, the sand matrix grit size used that serves as adherance is less than 80; Disinfectant is 40 ~ 50 mg/L liquor potassic permanganates; Sand stromal thickness is 2mm ± 0.2mm, increases gradually stromal thickness with juvenile mollusk growth, within general every 5 days, increases 0.2mm; Each quantity of exchanged water 100% ~ 200%; Bait is chrysophyceae, little diatom, chlorella, and number ratio is little Gui Zao ︰ chlorella=6 ︰ 2 ︰ 2 of Jin Zao ︰, and feeding volume is 4 ~ 60,000/mL; The cycle of falling pond is 1 time/5d.
Equilateral shallow clam artificial raise seedling method provided by the invention, some parameter of the prior art is adjusted, especially the salinity of seawater used and the granularity of larva adherance sand grains used have been reduced, compared with prior art, the present invention has improved qualified juvenile mollusk incubates to obtain the survival rate of larva relatively, reach more than 30%, especially wherein juvenile mollusk survival rate brings up to 50% especially.
Embodiment
Equilateral shallow clam artificial raise seedling method provided by the invention, its process is:
1, close shellfish is supported temporarily
The dirt on close shellfish surface is rinsed well with sand filtration seawater; Then the liquor potassic permanganate that the is placed in 10mg/L 2min that sterilizes, then rinse well with clear water.Then be in the storage pond, holding pond of 10cm sand substrate by close shellfish uniform broadcasting in there being thickness, support temporarily density for being greater than 2kg/m
2, be less than 3kg/m
2.Storage pond, holding pond depth of water 50cm, controls the water temperature of seawater in pond at 15 ~ 25 ℃, salinity more than 15, be less than 20, pH value 7.8 ~ 8.5, and continuous charge.Change water every day 1 time, every day quantity of exchanged water 20%.Throw something and feed every day Micro Algae bait 2 ~ 3 times, bait is take chrysophyceae as main, and little diatom, chlorella, flat algae are auxiliary, and number ratio is the little Gui Zao of Jin Zao ︰ ︰ little Qiu Zao ︰ flat algae=6 ︰ 2 ︰ 1 ︰ 1, and in the water of pond, food density keeps reaching 4 ~ 60,000/mL.
2, hasten parturition
Regularly anatomic observation parent shellfish sexual gland, when naturally spreading and be free shape in seawater, ovum in the close shellfish body of discovery or sperm hasten parturition, induced spawning method is that close shellfish is picked up from temporarily foster pond, then rinses well with clear water after sterilization in the liquor potassic permanganate of 10mg/L; Then be placed in the dry 12h of revealing in ventilation, then move into the spawning pond of getting ready and carry out stimulation by running water 3h, the water temperature of controlling seawater in spawning pond is at 22 ℃, salinity 16, pH value 8.0, and continuous charge; In spawning pond water, be added with EDTA, and the EDTA concentration of Chi Shui is 5mg/L.
3, hatching
In the time that in water body, ovum density reaches 10 ~ 15/mL, remove close shellfish, and stop inflation, fertilized egg is hatched in former pond.
4, larvae cultivation
Embryonic development, to straight line twisting larva, moves people and cultivates pond, and cultivating and controlling larva culture density in pond is 8 ~ 15/mL, controls the water temperature of seawater in cultivation pond more than 20 ℃, lower than 25 ℃ simultaneously, and salinity, more than 15, lower than 20, and is inflated.Change water every day 2 times, every 3d falls pond 1 time; Change water and behind pond, throw in EDTA and penicillin, the concentration in their pond water is respectively 5 mg/L and 0.5 mg/L.Bait throwing in every day 2 times, bait is take chrysophyceae as main, and diatom, chlorella are auxiliary, and number ratio is the little Gui Zao of Jin Zao ︰ ︰ little Qiu Zao ︰ flat algae=7 ︰ 2 ︰ 1, and food density D type larva to shell top larval phase is 0.5 ~ 10,000/mL, the Creeping larva phase is 2 ~ 30,000/mL.
5, juvenile mollusk is cultivated
Larva enters after period of metamorphosis, move into juvenile mollusk and cultivate pond, carry out juvenile mollusk cultivation with sand substraturn approach, allow larva adhere to and enter the juvenile mollusk nurturing period in sand matrix, its medium sand matrix is to sieve through 80 order mesh screens and to form through the sand grains of 40 ~ 50 mg/L disinfecting solution of potassium permanganate; Sand stromal thickness is 2mm ± 0.2mm, and increases gradually stromal thickness with juvenile mollusk growth, within general every 5 days, increases 0.2mm.In larval metamorphosis phase and juvenile mollusk culture period, change water 2 every day, each quantity of exchanged water 100% ~ 200%, when operation, general full dose is changed after water flowing water 30min again, every 5d falls pond inhale the end 1 time, change water at every turn or fall to throw something and feed behind pond bait, bait is chrysophyceae, little diatom, chlorella, and number ratio is little Gui Zao ︰ chlorella=6 ︰ 2 ︰ 2 of Jin Zao ︰, and feeding volume is 4 ~ 60,000/mL.
Above-mentioned all kinds of pond Zhong Shui is the seawater through sand filtration processing.
Claims (1)
1. an equilateral shallow clam artificial raise seedling method, its process is:
(1), close shellfish is supported temporarily
The dirt on close shellfish surface is rinsed well with sand filtration seawater; Then the liquor potassic permanganate that is placed in 10mg/L is sterilized; Rinse well with clear water again; Then by close shellfish uniform broadcasting in having the storage pond, holding pond of sand substrate; Water temperature, salinity and the pH value of controlling seawater in pond, wherein water temperature is at 15 ~ 25 ℃, and pH value is 7.8 ~ 8.5, and continuous charge; Change water every day 1 time; Throw something and feed every day Micro Algae bait 2 ~ 3 times;
(2), hasten parturition
Regularly anatomic observation parent shellfish sexual gland, hastens parturition finding that ovum or sperm can naturally spread while being free shape in seawater, and induced spawning method is from supporting pond and pick up temporarily by close shellfish; In the liquor potassic permanganate of 10mg/L, sterilize again; Rinse well with clear water again, be then placed in the dry dew in ventilation; Move into again the spawning pond of getting ready and carry out stimulation by running water; Control water temperature, salinity and the pH value of seawater in spawning pond, and continuous charge;
(3), hatching
In the time that in water body, ovum density reaches 10 ~ 15/mL, remove close shellfish, and stop inflation, fertilized egg is hatched in former pond.
(4), larvae cultivation
Embryonic development, to straight line twisting larva, moves people and cultivates pond, and cultivating and controlling larva culture density in pond is 8 ~ 15/mL; Control water temperature, the salinity of cultivating seawater in pond, and inflate; Change water every day 2 times, regularly fall pond, institute water is through sand filtration processing, changes water and falls behind pond and throw in disinfectant; Bait throwing in every day 2 times, controls food density;
(5), juvenile mollusk is cultivated
Larva enters after period of metamorphosis, moves into juvenile mollusk and cultivates pond, carries out juvenile mollusk cultivation with sand substraturn approach, allows larva adhere to and enter the juvenile mollusk nurturing period in sand matrix, and its medium sand matrix is with the sand grains composition through sieving, sterilizing, and sand stromal thickness increases gradually with juvenile mollusk growth; In larval metamorphosis phase and juvenile mollusk culture period, change water 2 every day; Change the bait of throwing something and feeding after water at every turn; Regularly fall at pond, the suction end;
It is characterized in that the disinfecting solution of potassium permanganate time is 2min in the time that close shellfish is supported temporarily, the thickness of storage pond, holding pond sand substrate is 10cm; Support temporarily density for being greater than 2kg/m
2, be less than 3kg/m
2; Storage pond, holding pond depth of water 50cm, salinity more than 15, is less than 20; Every day quantity of exchanged water 20%; Bait is take chrysophyceae as main, and little diatom, chlorella, flat algae are auxiliary, and number ratio is the little Gui Zao of Jin Zao ︰ ︰ little Qiu Zao ︰ flat algae=6 ︰ 2 ︰ 1 ︰ 1, and in the water of pond, food density keeps reaching 4 ~ 60,000/mL;
In the time hastening parturition, be 12h at the temperature of exposure and dry of ventilation, the stimulation by running water time is 3h; 22 ℃ of spawning pond water temperatures; In water, add EDTA, make the EDTA concentration of Chi Shui reach 5mg/L;
In the time of larvae cultivation, more than in cultivation pond, the water temperature of seawater is controlled at 20 ℃, lower than 25 ℃, salinity is controlled at more than 15, lower than 20; Disinfectant is EDTA and penicillin, and the concentration of Chi Shuizhong reaches respectively 5mg/L and 0.5mg/L; The cycle of falling pond is 1 time/3d; Bait is take chrysophyceae as main, and diatom, chlorella are auxiliary, and number ratio is the little Gui Zao of Jin Zao ︰ ︰ little Qiu Zao ︰ flat algae=7 ︰ 2 ︰ 1, and food density D type larva to shell top larval phase is 0.5 ~ 10,000/mL, and the Creeping larva phase is 2 ~ 30,000/mL;
In the time that juvenile mollusk is cultivated, the sand matrix grit size used that serves as adherance is less than 80; Disinfectant is 40 ~ 50 mg/L liquor potassic permanganates; Sand stromal thickness is 2mm ± 0.2mm, increases gradually stromal thickness with juvenile mollusk growth, within every 5 days, increases 0.2mm; Each quantity of exchanged water 100% ~ 200%; Bait is chrysophyceae, little diatom, chlorella, and number ratio is little Gui Zao ︰ chlorella=6 ︰ 2 ︰ 2 of Jin Zao ︰, and feeding volume is 4 ~ 60,000/mL; The cycle of falling pond is 1 time/5d.
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104115773A (en) * | 2014-07-29 | 2014-10-29 | 大连海洋大学 | Method for increasing content of DHA in short-necked clams indoors |
| CN104430074A (en) * | 2014-11-06 | 2015-03-25 | 宁波大学 | Cleaning and screening method in artificial meretrix lyrata breeding process |
| CN105494193A (en) * | 2015-12-11 | 2016-04-20 | 福建省南日岛海洋生物技术有限公司 | Seedling culture method of Sanguinolaria diphos |
| CN105941200A (en) * | 2016-05-03 | 2016-09-21 | 嵊泗县海洋科技研究所 | Artificial juvenile Gomphina venerformis protection method |
| CN107148927A (en) * | 2016-08-11 | 2017-09-12 | 广西壮族自治区海洋研究所 | Temporary raising fertilizer and induced spawning method during a kind of rib Artificial Rearing of Meretrix meretrix that wrinkles |
| CN111183937A (en) * | 2020-03-04 | 2020-05-22 | 大连海洋大学 | Artificial breeding method for improving yield of Ruditapes philippinarum |
| CN112088838A (en) * | 2020-09-29 | 2020-12-18 | 朱大强 | Turtle hatching system |
| CN114586715A (en) * | 2022-03-24 | 2022-06-07 | 世倍(厦门)海洋科技有限公司 | Method for artificially breeding male fibraurea familiaris |
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Cited By (12)
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| CN104115773A (en) * | 2014-07-29 | 2014-10-29 | 大连海洋大学 | Method for increasing content of DHA in short-necked clams indoors |
| CN104115773B (en) * | 2014-07-29 | 2016-05-18 | 大连海洋大学 | The method of DHA content in indoor raising Ruditapes philippinarum |
| CN104430074A (en) * | 2014-11-06 | 2015-03-25 | 宁波大学 | Cleaning and screening method in artificial meretrix lyrata breeding process |
| CN105494193A (en) * | 2015-12-11 | 2016-04-20 | 福建省南日岛海洋生物技术有限公司 | Seedling culture method of Sanguinolaria diphos |
| CN105494193B (en) * | 2015-12-11 | 2019-02-12 | 江新应 | A kind of method for culturing seedlings of two-wire purple clam |
| CN105941200A (en) * | 2016-05-03 | 2016-09-21 | 嵊泗县海洋科技研究所 | Artificial juvenile Gomphina venerformis protection method |
| CN105941200B (en) * | 2016-05-03 | 2019-01-22 | 嵊泗县海洋科技研究所 | A kind of method of manually keeping a full stand of seedings of sand clam |
| CN107148927A (en) * | 2016-08-11 | 2017-09-12 | 广西壮族自治区海洋研究所 | Temporary raising fertilizer and induced spawning method during a kind of rib Artificial Rearing of Meretrix meretrix that wrinkles |
| CN111183937A (en) * | 2020-03-04 | 2020-05-22 | 大连海洋大学 | Artificial breeding method for improving yield of Ruditapes philippinarum |
| CN111183937B (en) * | 2020-03-04 | 2022-02-01 | 大连海洋大学 | Artificial breeding method for improving yield of Ruditapes philippinarum |
| CN112088838A (en) * | 2020-09-29 | 2020-12-18 | 朱大强 | Turtle hatching system |
| CN114586715A (en) * | 2022-03-24 | 2022-06-07 | 世倍(厦门)海洋科技有限公司 | Method for artificially breeding male fibraurea familiaris |
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Application publication date: 20140507 |